{"id":9525,"date":"2024-12-25T22:46:50","date_gmt":"2024-12-25T21:46:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=9525"},"modified":"2024-12-25T22:52:50","modified_gmt":"2024-12-25T21:52:50","slug":"meteorologicka-pozorovani-karla-ze-zerotina-z-let-1588-1589-a-1591","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/meteorologicka-pozorovani-karla-ze-zerotina-z-let-1588-1589-a-1591\/","title":{"rendered":"METEOROLOGICK\u00c1 POZOROV\u00c1N\u00cd KARLA ZE \u017dEROT\u00cdNA Z LET 1588\u20131589 A 1591"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"9525\" class=\"elementor elementor-9525\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e65bfde elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e65bfde\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-17617a8\" data-id=\"17617a8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25668cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25668cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<div><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>1. \u00daVOD<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">K nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pramen\u016fm o po\u010das\u00ed a podneb\u00ed v Evrop\u011b koncem 16. stolet\u00ed bezesporu pat\u0159\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1\u00adn\u00ed Tychona Brahe na ostrov\u011b Hven z let 1582-1597, je\u017e se mj. stala podkladem pro rekonstrukci po\u010das\u00ed a synoptick\u00fdch situ\u00adac\u00ed v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evrop\u011b od kv\u011btna do \u0159\u00edjna 1588, kterou proved\u00adli K. S. Douglas, H. H. Lamb a C. Loader v souvislosti s roz\u00adhoduj\u00edc\u00edmi n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edmi bitvami mezi \u0161pan\u011blskou a anglickou flotilou o nadvl\u00e1du nad mo\u0159em [3].<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z t\u00e9\u017ee doby v\u0161ak poch\u00e1z\u00ed i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Davida Fabricia ze severoz\u00e1padn\u00edho N\u011bmecka z let 1588-1613 a Leonharda III. Treutweina z Bavorska z obdob\u00ed 1587-1593. Pro tradice \u010des\u00adk\u00e9 meteorologie jsou v\u0161ak v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 i denn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy o po\u010da\u00ads\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bl \u010desk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 Maty\u00e1\u0161 Borbonius z Borben\u00adheimu za sv\u00fdch studi\u00ed v Basileji v letech 1596-1597 aje\u017e \u0161v\u00fd\u00adcarsk\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti zp\u0159\u00edstupnil K. Pejml a J. Munzar in extenso [11]. Proto mohl t\u011bchto pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt Ch. Pfister p\u0159i rekonstrukci klimatu \u0160v\u00fdcarska v letech 1525-1860. M. Borbonia p\u0159itom za\u0159adil mezi vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed \u201e\u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9&#8221; pozoro\u00advatele, nebo\u0165 ze srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s paraleln\u00edmi pozorov\u00e1n\u00edmi Renwarda Cysata z let 1570-1613 vyplynula jejich skute\u010dn\u00e1 spolehlivost [12],<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Maty\u00e1\u0161 Borbonius ve sv\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00edch pokra\u010doval i po n\u00e1vratu do vlasti, a to od l\u00e9ta 1597 do prosince 1598, pop\u0159. v roce 1622 [10]. Od pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Jana z Ku\u00adnovic z let 1533-1545 [7] ho d\u011bl\u00ed p\u016fl stolet\u00ed. Proto jsme si polo\u017eili ot\u00e1zku, zda se z tohoto pom\u011brn\u011b dlouh\u00e9ho mezidob\u00ed od prvn\u00edch systematick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ces\u00adk\u00e9 republiky nedochovaly je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bjak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 meteo\u00adrologick\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy, kter\u00e9 by p\u0159isp\u011bly k rekonstrukci po\u010das\u00ed a podneb\u00ed u n\u00e1s v 16. stolet\u00ed. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed ano, a to d\u00edk Karlu ze \u017derot\u00edna.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>2. KAREL ZE \u017dEROTlNA (1564-1636) A JEHO P\u0158INOS PRO METEOROLOGII<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Karel ze \u017derot\u00edna, moravsk\u00fd \u0161lechtic bratrsk\u00e9ho vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed a hlava moravsk\u00fdch nekatolick\u00fdch stav\u016f, se narodil 14. 9. 1564 v Brand\u00fdse nad Orlic\u00ed a zem\u0159el 9. 10. 1636 v P\u0159erov\u011b (obr. 1).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/Karel%20ze%20%C5%BDerot%C3%ADna.JPG\" alt=\"\" \/>Jeho otec, Jan ze \u017derot\u00edna, kladl velk\u00fd d\u016fraz na vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho n\u00e1stupce, a tak nelitoval zna\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f s t\u00edm spoje\u00adn\u00fdch. Za veden\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edho u\u010ditele Karel nejprve studoval po \u010dty\u0159i roky v Brn\u011b a v Ivan\u010dic\u00edch a pot\u00e9 v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Se sv\u00fdmi vychovateli absolvoval studijn\u00ed cestu p\u0159es akademii ve \u0160tras\u00adburku na univerzity v Basileji, Padov\u011b, Sien\u011b, \u017denev\u011b, Orl\u00e9ansu, Heidelbergu, Leydenu a v Lond\u00fdn\u011b. Proto\u017ee byl bystr\u00fd a ch\u00e1pav\u00fd a v\u00e1\u017eil si dan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee kdy\u017e se na sklonku roku 1587 po tak\u0159ka desetilet\u00e9m pobytu za hra\u00adnicemi &#8211; p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e9m jen v souvislosti s otcov\u00fdm \u00famrt\u00edm -vracel do vlasti, st\u011b\u017e\u00ed by v\u00a0n\u00ed na\u0161el konkurenta v oblasti vzd\u011b\u00adl\u00e1n\u00ed a rozhledu. A od po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 1588 si za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ps\u00e1t den\u00edk, obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed i cenn\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 informace. [3 a\u017e 5]<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">D\u011bdictv\u00ed po otci odevzdali Karlu ze \u017derot\u00edna jeho poru\u010d-n\u00edci 25. \u00fanora 1588. Pot\u00e9 se odebral do Prahy, kde byl p\u0159ijat na c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9m dvo\u0159e Rudolfem n\u201e na\u010de\u017e vykonal okru\u017en\u00ed ces\u00adtu po n\u011bmeck\u00fdch m\u011bstech. V kv\u011btnu 1589 se o\u017eenil a v \u010der\u00advnu 1590 se narodila dcera Bohunka. P\u0159i o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho d\u00edt\u011bte postihl jeho cho\u0165 v \u00fanoru 1591 bolestn\u00fd potrat, po n\u011bm\u017e se ji\u017e neuzdravila a v \u010dervenci t\u00e9ho\u017e roku zem\u0159ela. Aby \u010d\u00e1s\u00adte\u010dn\u011b ut\u011b\u0161il sv\u016fj\u00a0 smutek po milovan\u00e9 man\u017eelce a pocit pr\u00e1zd\u00adnoty, odjel na podzim 1591 do Normandie na pomoc fran\u00adcouzsk\u00e9mu kr\u00e1li Jind\u0159ichu IV. pri obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed Rouenu. Dceru p\u0159itom sv\u011b\u0159il kmot\u0159e [8], Zde m\u016f\u017eeme \u017eivotopis Karla ze \u017derot\u00edna p\u0159eru\u0161it a nazna\u010dit jeho vazbu na meteorologii. Dochovan\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00adstavuj\u00ed celkem \u00fadaje za 524 dn\u00ed, a to od 1. ledna 1588 do 15. dubna 1589 a od 14. dubna do 18. prosince 1591 [14, 15]. Proto\u017ee autor z\u00e1znam\u016f hodn\u011b cestoval, jeho \u00fadaje se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed \u0159ady lokalit na Morav\u011b, v \u010cech\u00e1ch i v N\u011bmecku. V prvn\u00edm obdob\u00ed se nejv\u00edce pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed vztahuje k N\u00e1m\u011b\u0161ti nad Oslavou (187 dn\u016f), k Praze (63 dn\u016f), k \u00fazem\u00ed N\u011bmecka (88 dn\u016f) a Rakouska (10 dn\u016f). Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159itom o prakticky nep\u0159eru\u0161e\u00adn\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed za bezm\u00e1la 16 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, nebo\u0165 chyb\u00ed jen \u00fadaje ze dvou dn\u016f. Jestli\u017ee tedy Jan z Kunovic reprezentuje prvn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e1 systematick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v intervalu 13 let, ale bez informac\u00ed o po\u010das\u00ed v tepl\u00e9m pololet\u00ed, je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy Karla ze \u017derot\u00edna hodnotit jako prvn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, vystihuj\u00edc\u00ed \u201e\u010des\u00adk\u00e9&#8221; po\u010das\u00ed v celoro\u010dn\u00edm chodu.<\/span><\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Meteorologick\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z roku 1591 ji\u017e nen\u00ed ka\u017edo\u00addenn\u00ed a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ze t\u0159\u00ed \u010dtvrtin se t\u00fdk\u00e1 \u010cech a Moravy s t\u011b\u017ei\u0161\u00adt\u011bm v N\u00e1m\u011b\u0161ti nad Oslavou, zbytek pak N\u011bmecka v souvis\u00adlosti s Zerot\u00ednovou plavbou po Labi k mo\u0159i.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V souvislosti s vyt\u0159\u00edben\u00fdm klasick\u00fdm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm a zna\u00adlost\u00ed ciz\u00edch jazyk\u016f (latiny, \u0159e\u010dtiny, francouz\u0161tiny, ital\u0161tiny a n\u011bm\u010diny) se jedn\u00e1 o pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed veden\u00e1 latinsky (v letech 1588 a 1591) a \u010desky (1589). V n\u00e1vaznosti na \u017eivotopis se ukazuje, \u017ee p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed koncem dubna 1589 souvi\u00adselo s Zerot\u00ednov\u00fdm s\u0148atkem, na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b v\u00fdpadek v srp\u00adnu 1591 s \u00famrt\u00edm jeho choti.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>3. UK\u00c1ZKY POZOROV\u00c1N\u00cd<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u016fl stolet\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b d\u011bl\u00ed Jana z Kunovic a Karla ze \u017derot\u00edna, i mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed druh\u00e9ho autora, je vid\u011bt na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podrobnosti pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou ov\u0161em jen sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159eji koncipovan\u00e9ho den\u00edku, jeho\u017e pod\u00adstatn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st je v\u011bnov\u00e1na osobn\u00edm z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016fm a spole\u010densk\u00e9mu d\u011bn\u00ed. Uve\u010fme p\u0159\u00edklad jak pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v latin\u011b, tak v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s Zerot\u00ednov\u00fdm p\u0159edch\u016fd\u00adcem.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z latinsk\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f lze uv\u00e9st v p\u0159ekladu nap\u0159. prvn\u00ed dek\u00e1du ledna 1588, kdy pob\u00fdval v N\u00e1m\u011b\u0161ti nad Oslavou: \/. Po m\u00edrn\u00e9m no\u010dn\u00edm de\u0161ti r\u00e1no n\u00e1sledovalo velmi jasn\u00e9 nebe (= po\u010das\u00ed), kdy\u017e drsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00edtr rozh\u00e1n\u011bl shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 mraky.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">A\u010dkoliv v noci pr\u0161elo, bylo pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed op\u011bt nad oby\u010dej jas\u00adn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, v\u00edtr studen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. V noci i r\u00e1no padal sn\u00edh, odpoledne t\u00e1l. Op\u011bt n\u00e1m zaz\u00e1\u0159ilo jasn\u00e9 nebe, kdy\u017e vznikl velmi siln\u00fd v\u00edtr. Nebe (po\u010das\u00ed) v\u011bru temn\u00e9, ale ne nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9. Sn\u011b\u017eilo, nave\u010der se objevilo slunce. Nebe a zem\u011b zachmu\u0159en\u00e9. \u010cast\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165. Dosud za t\u00e9to zimy nebyl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd den stejn\u011b smutn\u00fd a nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd. Nebe (po\u010das\u00ed) nest\u00e1l\u00e9, n\u011bkdy jasn\u00e9, n\u011bkdy zamra\u010den\u00e9. Nebe jasn\u00e9, v\u00edtr o n\u011bco ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed i su\u0161\u0161\u00ed. 10. V\u00edtr, kter\u00fd za\u010dal v\u010dera, je\u0161t\u011b nep\u0159estal, nicm\u00e9n\u011b zv\u011bt\u0161il jas\u00adnost nebe.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z \u010desk\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f je zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad druh\u00e1 polovina ledna 1589, kdy se vydal z N\u00e1m\u011b\u0161t\u011b nad Oslavou do Prahy:<\/span><\/p><ul><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Nebyla p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e1 zima, ne\u017e (ale) bylo jasno.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>R\u00e1no velik\u00e1 metelice, tak\u017ee t\u00fdm\u011b\u0159 t\u0159\u00ed krok\u016f zdili nebylo vid\u011bti, ne\u017e potom se \u010dist\u011b vyjasnilo.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Napadl sn\u00edh, \u010das ni\u010demnej, v\u00edtr, metelice.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>\u010cas (po\u010das\u00ed) po\u0161mournej a zimavej.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>R\u00e1no pr\u0161el sn\u00edh.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>\u010cas nevesele] a studenej.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>\u010cas po\u0161mournej, zima, sn\u00edh.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Pr\u0161el sn\u00edh, zima i studenej v\u00edtr.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Studenej \u010das a obzvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u011b v noci.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>\u010cas po\u0161mournej a studenej v\u00edtr.<\/em><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee \u010desk\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy jsou pon\u011bkud stru\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, co\u017e nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt pouze d\u016fsledek autorovy men\u0161\u00ed pozornosti pro atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 d\u011bje. M\u016f\u017ee to souviset i s brilantn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm v latin\u011b -tehdej\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btov\u00e9m jazyku.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>4. METEOROLOGICK\u00c1 TERMINOLOGIE<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Slovn\u00edk Zerot\u00ednov\u00fdch pojm\u016f v z\u00e1zna\u00admech o po\u010das\u00ed je dosti pestr\u00fd. Nejv\u00edce si v\u0161\u00edm\u00e1 obla\u010dnosti a charakteru po\u010das\u00ed, kde \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 expresivn\u00edch pojm\u016f, jako nap\u0159.: po\u010das\u00ed vl\u00eddn\u00e9, velmi vl\u00eddn\u00e9, velmi p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, ne nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, nep\u0159\u00ed\u00adjemn\u00e9, zna\u010dn\u011b nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, smutn\u00e9, smutn\u00e9 a nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, smutn\u00e9 a ni\u010dem\u00adn\u00e9, pop\u0159. velmi nevra\u017eiv\u00e9 a nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9. U sr\u00e1\u017eek je vedle de\u0161t\u011b ud\u00e1v\u00e1n d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 se sn\u011bhem, sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed, krupobit\u00ed, jinovatka (j\u00edn\u00ed) a metelice. D\u00e9\u0161\u0165 rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n nap\u0159. jemn\u00fd, prudk\u00fd a hust\u00fd, ohromn\u00fd, usta\u00advi\u010dn\u00fd. V\u0161\u00edm\u00e1 si t\u00e9\u017e mlhy, n\u00e1led\u00ed a t\u00e1n\u00ed. Mr\u00e1z je charakterizov\u00e1n jako ohromn\u00fd, velmi tuh\u00fd, st\u0159edn\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e prost\u0159ed\u00adn\u00ed, pronikav\u00fd, ostr\u00fd a pronikav\u00fd, pop\u0159. velmi velk\u00fd.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00edtr je ponejv\u00edce hodnocen jen z hledis\u00adka s\u00edly, sm\u011br v\u011btru je uv\u00e1d\u011bn jen v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b. Rozli\u0161uje se v\u00edtr siln\u00fd, drsn\u00fd, drsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, velmi siln\u00fd, ostr\u00fd, such\u00fd, studen\u00fd, pop\u0159. bezv\u011bt\u0159\u00ed. Sm\u011br v\u011btru je uv\u00e1d\u011bn pouze 2. 3. 1588 (sever\u00e1k), d\u00e1le 11. a 12. 12. 1588 a 2. 5. 1591 (ji\u017en\u00ed v\u00edtr).<\/span><\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>5. VERIFIKACE POZOROV\u00c1NI<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o obdob\u00ed kr\u00e1tce po zavede\u00adn\u00ed gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e a \u017derot\u00edn byl nekatol\u00edk, bylo nut\u00adn\u00e9 nejprve prov\u011b\u0159it datov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ukazuje se, \u017ee byl u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n nov\u00fd &#8211; gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159, nebo\u0165 v den\u00edku nach\u00e1z\u00edme zm\u00ednku o no\u010dn\u00edm zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce 13. b\u0159ezna 1588, jako\u017e i dataci veli\u00adkono\u010dn\u00ed ned\u011ble na 17. dubna 1588 a 14. dubna 1591. [1] Zaj\u00edmav\u00fd je i z\u00e1znam o zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed 9. kv\u011btna 1591, kdy\u017e po charakteristice po\u010das\u00ed toho dne autor den\u00edku poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201e Kolem sedm\u00e9 r\u00e1no byl ot\u0159es p\u016fdy. I v okoln\u00edch vesnic\u00edch to c\u00edtili &#8211; a domn\u00edv\u00e1m se, \u017ee i v t\u011bch vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edch.&#8221; T\u00edm je nov\u011b dopln\u011bna informace o jevu, kter\u00fd byl dosud tohoto dne dolo\u00ad\u017een v Brn\u011b, Jihlav\u011b, Fulneku, pop\u0159. ve Slezsku. [13]<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pokud jde o verifikaci z hlediska pr\u016fb\u011bhu po\u010das\u00ed v \u010des\u00adk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, uve\u010fme jedin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad. D\u011bjiny m\u011bsta N\u00e1choda ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch zmi\u0148uji v kv\u011btnu 1588 pr\u016ftr\u017e mra\u010den a povode\u0148, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobila str\u017een\u00ed dvou most\u016f na Poli\u010dku. Karel ze \u017derot\u00edna, kter\u00fd se shodou okolnost\u00ed v t\u00e9to dob\u011b v t\u00e9to oblasti pohyboval, uv\u00e1d\u00ed (v p\u0159ekladu):<\/span><\/p><ol><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">kv\u011btna 1588: Nebe (po\u010das\u00ed) jasn\u00e9 a ohromn\u00e9 horko.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">kv\u011btna 1588: Pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed tak\u0159ka cel\u00fd den jasn\u00e9, a\u010dkoliv nave\u010der mraky, sehnan\u00e9 ohromn\u00fdm teplem, se rozvolnily ve velmi prudk\u00fd a velmi hust\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165&#8230; Do Hradce Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 jsem p\u0159ijel p\u0159i z\u00e1padu slunce za sam\u00e9ho b\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed padaj\u00edc\u00edho de\u0161t\u011b.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Shoda je velmi dobr\u00e1, jednalo se patrn\u011b o m\u00edstn\u00ed bou\u0159ku.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>6. M\u011aS\u00cd\u010cN\u00cd CHARAKTERISTIKY PO\u010cAS\u00cd<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Hodnocen\u00ed \u017derot\u00ednov\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed by nebylo \u00fapln\u00e9, kdybychom nezd\u016fraznili, \u017ee krom\u011b denn\u00edch z\u00e1znam\u016f o po\u010da\u00ads\u00ed se jejich autor pr\u016fkopnicky pokusil i o n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch charakteristik pr\u016fb\u011bhu po\u010das\u00ed (jak\u00fdchsi prap\u0159edch\u00fadc\u00fa dne\u0161\u00adn\u00edch M\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159ehled\u016f po\u010das\u00ed [2, 6]. Pova\u017euji je za natolik pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee je v \u010desk\u00e9m p\u0159ekladu uvedeme in extenso, a to pro m\u011bs\u00edce leden a\u017e duben 1588 (N\u00e1m\u011b\u0161\u0165 nad Oslavou), pro kv\u011bten 1591 (Morava a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b \u010cechy), pop\u0159. \u010dervenec 1591 (N\u00e1m\u011b\u0161\u0165 nad Oslavou):<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Leden 1588<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>R\u00e1z cel\u00e9ho tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce vyjma n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo dn\u00ed byl vel\u00admi p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd a jasn\u00fd, tak\u0159ka takov\u00fd, jak\u00fd b\u00fdv\u00e1 v jarn\u00ed nebo podzimn\u00ed dob\u011b. Sly\u0161\u00edm, \u017ee takov\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed a tak um\u00edrn\u011bn\u00e9 neby\u00adlo v t\u00e9to zemi od mnoha let.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>\u00danor 1588<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Tento m\u011bs\u00edc byl jak studen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, tak m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd ne\u017e p\u0159edchoz\u00ed. \u010cast\u011bji sn\u011b\u017eilo, \u010dast\u011bji vanuly velmi ostr\u00e9 v\u011btry, p\u0159ece v\u0161ak mr\u00e1z nebyl nesnesiteln\u00fd, sp\u00ed\u0161e mnohem m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e b\u00fdv\u00e1 jindy; prosp\u011bl jist\u011b nejen osen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pro nezvykl\u00e9 teplo minul\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce tak\u0159ka uschlo, ale i k vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed (od morov\u00e9 n\u00e1kazy).<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>B\u0159ezen 1588<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Studen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1tek tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce drsn\u011b uplatnil poz\u016fstat\u00adky \u00fanora a cel\u00e9 zimy. Vl\u00eddn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konec se pak zd\u00e1l von\u011bt jarn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemnost\u00ed.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Duben 1588<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 o dubnu lidov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed, i tento m\u011bs\u00edc dosv\u011bd\u010dil svou nest\u00e1lost\u00ed a rozmanitost\u00ed, \u017ee je pravda. Bylo toti\u017e nutno sn\u00e1\u0161et prom\u011bnliv\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed, po jasnu n\u00e1sledovaly de\u0161t\u011b, po de\u0161t\u00edch op\u011bt jasno. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u0161ak byl \u0161kodliv\u00fd drsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v\u011btry, kter\u00e9 vanuly tak\u00ad\u0159ka nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b, z\u010d\u00e1sti od severu, z\u010d\u00e1sti od jihu a u\u010dinily n\u00e1m stav pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed nejist\u00fd a pochybn\u00fd. Ba dokonce \u010dast\u00e9 de\u0161t\u011b a rann\u00ed mrazy u\u0161kodily tak\u00e9 nem\u00e1lo plod\u016fm a zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0161enici, zejm\u00e9na na m\u00eds\u00adtech ne\u00farodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, kter\u00e9 u\u010dinila bud p\u0159\u00edroda nebo nedbalost roln\u00ed\u00adk\u016f neplodn\u00fdmi.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Na stru\u010dn\u00e9m zhodnocen\u00ed apr\u00ed\u00adlov\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 400 lety je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 zd\u016frazn\u011bn\u00ed meridi-on\u00e1ln\u00edho charakteru cirkulace. Ku\u00adri\u00f3zn\u00ed v\u0161ak je, \u017ee lidov\u00e1 pranostika, kterou m\u011bl Karel ze \u017derot\u00edna na mysli, se n\u00e1m nedochovala. Byla v\u0161ak patrn\u011b velmi podobn\u00e1 charak\u00adteristice dubnov\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed v Partli-ciov\u011b kalend\u00e1\u0159i z roku 1617: \u201ePo\u00adv\u011bt\u0159\u00ed velmi nest\u00e1l\u00e9, nevesel\u00e9 a v\u011btr\u00adn\u00e9, s \u010dast\u00fdmi pl\u00ed\u0161t\u011bmi a sn\u011bhy.&#8221; [2] Vra\u0165me se v\u0161ak k posledn\u00edm dv\u011bma m\u011bs\u00edc\u016fm:<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Kv\u011bten 1591<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Tento m\u011bs\u00edc byl velmi v\u011btrn\u00fd. Nijak hork\u00fd, snesiteln\u00fd, m\u00edrn\u00fd. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku velk\u00e9 sucho, ke konci \u010dast\u00e9 a vydatn\u00e9 de\u0161t\u011b. J\u00edn\u00ed vinic\u00edm neu\u0161kodilo. De\u0161t\u011b zaplavily bl\u00edzk\u00e9 louky, tak\u017ee tento rok nebyly k u\u017eit\u00adku. Obil\u00ed se v\u0161ude ukazovalo p\u011bkn\u00e9 a nad\u011bjn\u00e9, bohat\u00e9 a hust\u00e9 klasy, ale je obava, aby v t\u011bch vytrval\u00fdch de\u0161t\u00edch neshnily. Vedra nebyla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 &#8211; a pokud ano, pak jen takov\u00e1, \u017ee je bylo mo\u017eno snadno sn\u00e9st. \u010cervenec 1591<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Tento m\u011bs\u00edc, kter\u00fd jindy b\u00fdv\u00e1 velmi nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd pro p\u0159\u00edli\u0161\u00adn\u00e1 vedra, byl v tomto roce t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 mraziv\u00fd kv\u016fli nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fdm de\u0161\u0165\u016fm a v\u011btr\u016fm. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku bylo po\u010das\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, av\u0161ak nevy\u00addr\u017eelo dlouho. A a\u010dkoliv t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bez ust\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u0161elo, zem\u011b p\u0159ece trp\u011bla takov\u00fdm podivn\u00fdm suchem, \u017ee pole mohla b\u00fdt or\u00e1na jen s obt\u00ed\u017eemi. To bezpochyby vypl\u00fdvalo z toho, \u017ee prudkost (ply\u00adnouc\u00edch) de\u0161\u0165\u016f p\u016fdu jen lehce obmyla, ne\u017e aby do n\u00ed pronik\u00adla, a pokud do n\u00ed p\u0159ece jen n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem pronikla a pon\u011bkud ji zvlh\u010dila, tak p\u016fda byla ihned vysu\u0161ena prudk\u00fdmi poryvy v\u011btru. Ve\u0161ker\u00e1 \u00faroda ovoce se zkazila &#8211; bu\u010f shnilo v d\u016fsledku \u010dast\u00fdch a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f anebo kv\u016fli chladu ani neuzr\u00e1lo. Rovn\u011b\u017e vinice utrp\u011bly nemal\u00e9 \u0161kody a t\u0159eba\u017ee se neob\u00e1v\u00e1me toho, \u017ee by byl nedostatek \u00farody, mysl\u00edme si, \u017ee se j\u00ed nebude dost\u00e1vat sladkosti a kvality, nebo\u0165 slunce letos kon\u00e1 svou slu\u017ebu jen chab\u011b. Mimo jin\u00e9 tak usuzujeme i z toho, \u017ee hrozny pozd\u011bji odkvetly a z t\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny jist\u011b i pozd\u011bji uzraj\u00ed. A nav\u00edc jist\u00fd druh r\u00e9vy, kterou v na\u0161em jazyce naz\u00fdv\u00e1me Rivola a kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 na\u010dervenalou barvu a dod\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00ednu v\u00fdte\u010dn\u00e9 sladkosti, zcela vyhynul. Hojnost obil\u00ed byla s Bo\u017e\u00ed pomoc\u00ed v cel\u00e9m kraji nesm\u00edrn\u00e1, tak\u017ee n\u00e1m byl nahrazen nedostatek z lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku. Nejhojn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u017en\u011b byly zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b tam, kde jsou zu\u0161lecht\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u00farodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed oblasti. B\u016fh se u\u017e p\u0159i\u010din\u00ed o to, aby\u00adchom t\u011bchto jeho dar\u016f pou\u017eili k jeho sl\u00e1v\u011b, nikoliv zneu\u017eili.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>7. Z\u00c1V\u011aR<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Objeven\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy Karla ze \u017derot\u00edna p\u0159ed\u00adstavuj\u00ed patrn\u011b prvn\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed, zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh pov\u011btrnosti v celoro\u010dn\u00edm chodu; zna\u010dnou m\u011brou roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed na\u0161e dosavadn\u00ed znalosti o po\u010das\u00ed a podneb\u00ed ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 16. stolet\u00ed. Dopl\u0148uj\u00ed pro uveden\u00e9 roky dosud nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed rekonstrukci historick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed pro severoz\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010cechy, kterou publikoval p\u0159ed 30 lety K. Pejml [9]. Ta zmi\u0148uje pouze de\u0161tiv\u00e9 a \u0161patn\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed o \u017en\u00edch po mnoho t\u00fddn\u016f v l\u00e9t\u011b 1591, kter\u00e9 je nyn\u00ed potvrzeno i pro \u00fazem\u00ed Moravy.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Je milou povinnost\u00ed autora pod\u011bkovat PhDr. Vladim\u00edru Vold\u00e1novi, PhDr. Vojt\u011bchu Gajovi a PhDr. Luboru Kysu\u010danovi za p\u0159eklad latinsk\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u011b d\u011bkuje Grantov\u00e9 agen\u00adtu\u0159e AV \u010cR za podporu projektu \u011b. A3086508, kter\u00e1 umo\u017eni\u00adla vznik tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Literatura:<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[1] Friedrich, G.: Rukov\u011b\u0165 k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 chronologie. Praha, Filosofick\u00e1 fakulta university Karlovy 1934. 291 s.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[2] Munzar, J.: Medardova k\u00e1p\u011b aneb pranostiky o\u010dima meteo\u00adrologa. Praha, Horizont 1985. 236 s.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[3] Munzar, J.: A contribution to the reconstruction of weather in Central Europe at the end of 16th century. In: Climatic change on a yearly to millenial basis, ed. N. A. M\u00f3rner-W. Karl\u00e9n. Dordrecht, D. Reidel Publ. Comp. 1984, s. 339-342.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[4] Munzar, J.: The beginnings of regular meteorological obse\u00adrvations in the Czech lands from the 16th to the 18th centu-ries. In: Climatic change in the historical and the instru-mental periods, ed. R. Br\u00e1zdil. Brno, Masaryk University 1990, s. 153-155.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[5] Munzar, J.: Weather pattems in Czechoslovakia during the years 1588-1598. In: European climate reconstructed from documentary data: methods and results, ed. B. Frenzel. Stuttgart el al., G. Fischer Verlag 1992, s. 51-56.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[6] Munzar, J.: Po\u010d\u00e1tky systematick\u00fdch vizu\u00e1ln\u00edch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed. In: K. Kr\u0161ka &#8211; F. Samaj: Kapitoly z d\u011bjin meteoro\u00adlogie v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na Slovensku. Meteorol. Zpr., 48, 1995, \u010d. 1, p\u0159\u00edloha s. 27-28.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[7] Munzar, J.: Prvn\u00ed systematick\u00e1 denn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky z let 1533-1545. Meteorol. Zpr., 48, 1995, \u010d. 4, s. 105-108.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[8] Odlo\u017eil\u00edk, O.: Karel star\u0161\u00ed ze \u017derot\u00edna 1564-1636. Praha, Melantrich 1936. 190 s.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[9] Pejml, K.: P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek ke kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed klimatu v severo\u010desk\u00e9 vina\u0159sk\u00e9 a chmela\u0159sk\u00e9 oblasti od roku 1500-1900. In: Sborn\u00edk prac\u00ed HM\u00da CSSR, sv. 7, 1966, s. 23-78.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[10] Pejml, K. &#8211; Munzar, J.: Maty\u00e1\u0161 Borbonius z Borbenheimu a jeho meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z let 1596-1598, 1622. Meteorol. Zpr., 21, 1968, s. 93-95.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[11] Pejml, K. &#8211; Munzar, J.: Das Wetter in Basel in den Jahren 1596-1597 nach dem Tagebuch des Mathias Borbonius von Borbenheim. Vierteljahresschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Z\u00fcrich, 113, 1968, No. 4, s. 407-416.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[12] Pfister, Ch.: Klimageschichte der Schweiz 1525-1860, Bd. I. Bern, Verlag Paul Haupt, 1985, s. 34-35.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[13] Reme\u0161, M.: Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed na Morav\u011b pozorovan\u00e1. V\u011bstn\u00edk Klubu p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v Prost\u011bjov\u011b, ro\u010d. 5, za r. 1902.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[14] Zierotin, C: Diarium Caroli Liberi Baronis a Zierotin. Moravsk\u00fd zemsk\u00fd archiv Brno, fond G 78, \u010d. 46 a fond G 12,11\/114.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[15] Zierotin, K.: Ephemerides in annum Christi MDXCI. In: Rimay J\u00e1no\u0161 \u00c1llamitarai \u00e9s levelez\u00e9se, ed. A. Ipolyi. Budapest, Magy\u00e1r tudom\u00e1nyos akad\u00e9mia kiad\u00e1sa 1887, s. 3-45.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Lektor doc. F. Samaj, DrSc., rukopis odevzd\u00e1n v listopadu 1995.<\/span><\/p><\/div><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Jan Munzar, MZ 1996\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 49, str. 58-61<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. \u00daVOD K nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pramen\u016fm o po\u010das\u00ed a podneb\u00ed v Evrop\u011b koncem 16. stolet\u00ed bezesporu pat\u0159\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1\u00adn\u00ed Tychona Brahe na ostrov\u011b Hven z let 1582-1597, je\u017e se mj. stala [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9525","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9525"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9529,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9525\/revisions\/9529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}