{"id":9435,"date":"2024-12-25T20:49:36","date_gmt":"2024-12-25T19:49:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=9435"},"modified":"2024-12-25T20:53:27","modified_gmt":"2024-12-25T19:53:27","slug":"vznik-ceskoslovenskeho-statniho-ustavu-meteorologickeho","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/vznik-ceskoslovenskeho-statniho-ustavu-meteorologickeho\/","title":{"rendered":"Vznik \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"9435\" class=\"elementor elementor-9435\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-adf8e49 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"adf8e49\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b8e391c\" data-id=\"b8e391c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b13e8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5b13e8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159i z\u00e1niku rakousko-uhersk\u00e9 monarchie bylo nutn\u00e9 z\u0159\u00eddit tak\u00e9 v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed republice \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by p\u0159evzalo v\u00a0oblasti st\u00e1tu ve\u0161ker\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce \u00fastav\u016f ve V\u00eddni a Budape\u0161ti (Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav pro meteorologii a geodynamiku zalo\u017een\u00fd v\u00a0roce 1851). P\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto \u00fakolu \u010dinila pot\u00ed\u017ee ot\u00e1zka kompeten\u010dn\u00ed. O klimatologii a progn\u00f3zu m\u011blo velk\u00fd z\u00e1jem zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, na hydrologii a u\u017eit\u00e9 meteorologii v\u00a0letectv\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a tak\u00e9 vojenstv\u00ed. Po velk\u00fdch diskus\u00edch byl z\u0159\u00edzen St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd s\u00a0p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bn\u00fdm vojensk\u00fdm odborem, pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd Ministerstvu \u0161kolstv\u00ed a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed osv\u011bty. Ministerstvo ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prac\u00ed z\u0159\u00eddilo St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav hydrologick\u00fd a Ministerstvo zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav bioklimatick\u00fd. Pro obory seismika a zemsk\u00fd magnetismu, kter\u00e9 byly v\u00a0Rakousku-Uhersku p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bny k\u00a0meteorologick\u00e9mu \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed, byl u n\u00e1s z\u0159\u00edzen St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav pro geofyziku p\u0159i Karlov\u011b univerzit\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Slu\u017eba hydrologick\u00e1, spravuj\u00edc\u00ed tak\u00e9 s\u00ed\u0165 sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fdch stanic, m\u011bla ji\u017e za Rakouska-Uherska v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch korunn\u00edch zem\u00edch sv\u00e1 st\u0159ediska, tj. zemsk\u00e1 odd\u011blen\u00ed hydrografick\u00e1 p\u0159i m\u00edstodr\u017eitelstv\u00edch, vybaven\u00e1 person\u00e1lem. To j\u00ed jist\u011b usnadnilo p\u0159echod k\u00a0samostatn\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po\u010d\u00e1tky organizace civiln\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby se datuj\u00ed od 5. dubna 1919, kdy byl p\u0159id\u011blen ministerstvem \u0161kolstv\u00ed a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed osv\u011bty st\u00e1tn\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b v\u00a0Praze a pov\u011b\u0159en organizov\u00e1n\u00edm a v\u00fdkonem st\u00e1tn\u00ed slu\u017eby meteorologick\u00e9 b\u00fdval\u00fd adjunkt \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edho \u00fastavu pro meteorologii a geodynamiku ve V\u00eddni a docent meteorologie a klimatologie na \u010desk\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 \u0161kole technick\u00e9 v\u00a0Brn\u011b Phil. Dr. Rudolf Schneider, kter\u00fd m\u011bl v\u00edce ne\u017e 13let\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti na \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9m.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ministr \u0161kolstv\u00ed a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed osv\u011bty, op\u00edraje se o rozhodnut\u00ed ministersk\u00e9 rady ze dne 9. prosince 1919 \u010d. 26.314 schv\u00e1lil vynesen\u00edm ze dne 14. ledna 1920, \u010d. 580 n. o., stanovy \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u201e\u00dakolem jeho jest shroma\u017e\u010fovati a v\u011bdecky zpracovati pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 z\u00a0cel\u00e9 oblasti st\u00e1tu \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho, p\u011bstovati a v\u0161emo\u017en\u011b podporovati b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1, \u00fa\u010dastniti se mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch v\u00fdzkum\u016f v\u00a0oboru meteorologie, \u010diniti denn\u011b na v\u011bdeck\u00e9m podklad\u011b p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f pov\u011btrnosti a vyd\u00e1vati \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed dobrozd\u00e1n\u00ed na dotazy \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f a soukromn\u00edk\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Za t\u00edmto \u00fa\u010delem p\u0159evezme meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v\u0161echny dosavadn\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 observato\u0159e a stanice, nebo z\u0159\u00edd\u00ed podle pot\u0159eby nov\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u0161echny stanice podl\u00e9haj\u00ed dozoru pra\u017esk\u00e9ho \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed, jeho\u017e \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk, pokud mo\u017eno, jednou do roka nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00ed ka\u017edou stanici a prohl\u00e9dne jej\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Stroje porouchan\u00e9 oprav\u00ed se v\u00a0dom\u00e1c\u00ed d\u00edln\u011b, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 p\u0159i pra\u017esk\u00e9m \u00fastavu, a p\u0159ed odesl\u00e1n\u00edm na stanici srovnaj\u00ed se s\u00a0jeho norm\u00e1ln\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edstroji. Podobn\u011b se zkou\u0161ej\u00ed v\u0161echny stroje nov\u011b zakoupen\u00e9 nebo vyroben\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V \u00fastav\u011b soust\u0159e\u010fuj\u00ed se pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed jednak na vlastn\u00edch stanic\u00edch z\u00edskan\u00e1, jednak s\u00a0cizozemsk\u00fdmi \u00fastavy vym\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1. V\u0161echna pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm prognosy. P\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f pov\u011btrnosti budi\u017e dolo\u017eena vhodnou mapkou synoptickou, na kter\u00e9 je vyzna\u010den ka\u017edodenn\u00ed stav pov\u011btrnosti. Synoptick\u00e9 mapky, k\u00a0nim\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ipojen i stru\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdtah z\u00a0pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed telegrafick\u00fdch stanic, tisknou se v\u00a0dom\u00e1c\u00ed litografii, zas\u00edlaj\u00ed se t\u00e9\u017e soukrom\u00fdm p\u0159edplatitel\u016fm, aby se mohly hojn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159iti, nep\u0159evy\u0161uje prodejn\u00ed cena jejich p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ceny v\u00fdrobn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159i meteorologick\u00e9m \u00fastav\u011b bude odbor vojensk\u00fd, kter\u00fd bude pe\u010dovati o v\u00fdcvik vojensk\u00fdch elev\u016f v\u00a0meteorologii, o u\u017eit\u00ed meteorologie pro \u00fa\u010dely \u010dist\u011b vojensk\u00e9, po p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zprost\u0159edkuje styk zahrani\u010dn\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby s\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed meteorologickou slu\u017ebou, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se z\u00e1jm\u016f \u010dist\u011b vojensk\u00fdch.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Sm\u011br v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed se nijak neomezuje. V\u0161ichni zam\u011bstnanci \u00fastavu jsou povinni ve zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm voln\u00e9m \u010dase svoj\u00ed spoluprac\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edvati k\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu, jej\u017e jim bu\u010f \u0159editel \u00fastavu ulo\u017e\u00ed, nebo kter\u00fd se souhlasem \u0159editelov\u00fdm sami si vyvol\u00ed. \u00dastav bude uve\u0159ej\u0148ovati pravideln\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy o sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, v\u00a0kter\u00fdch budou obsa\u017eena t\u00e9\u017e podrobn\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a stru\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159ehledy v\u011bdeck\u00fdch prac\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">K\u00a0pr\u00e1ci v\u011bdeck\u00e9 poj\u00ed se t\u00e9\u017e \u010dinnost popularisa\u010dn\u00ed, kterou bude nutno hlavn\u011b s\u00a0po\u010d\u00e1tku siln\u011b podporovati, aby tak\u00e9 do \u0161irok\u00fdch vrstev lidov\u00fdch vniklo spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eitku v\u011bdeck\u00e9 meteorologie.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na podporu v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed bude v\u00a0Praze vybudov\u00e1na observato\u0159 vyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed co mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u0161em po\u017eadavk\u016fm.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00a0\u010dele meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu stoj\u00ed \u0159editel, kter\u00fdm se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1ti jenom v\u011bdecky \u010dinn\u00fd pracovn\u00edk. Ten jest zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za \u010dinnost meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, rozd\u011bluje pr\u00e1ci v\u0161em pracovn\u00edk\u016fm v\u00a0\u00fastav\u011b zam\u011bstnan\u00fdm, p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 a rozd\u011bluje korespondenci, rediguje \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed publikace.\u201c<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po schv\u00e1len\u00ed stanov byl St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd postaven p\u0159ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m nalezen\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch provizorn\u00edch prostor pro meteorologickou slu\u017ebu. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku pracovalo a\u017e 12 osob v\u00a0jednooknov\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159i st\u00e1tn\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny. Pom\u00fd\u0161lelo se na adaptaci n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstnost\u00ed semin\u00e1\u0159e v\u00a0Klementinu nebo kl\u00e1\u0161tera v\u00a0B\u0159evnov\u011b. Ot\u00e1zka provizorn\u00edho \u00fastavu byla vy\u0159e\u0161ena t\u00edm, \u017ee spr\u00e1vce \u00fastavu pro meteorologii a klimatologii p\u0159i univerzit\u011b Karlov\u011b, pan prof. Dr. Stanislav Hanzl\u00edk, prop\u016fj\u010dil s\u00a0nev\u0161edn\u00ed ochotou st\u00e1tn\u00edmu \u00fastavu polovici m\u00edstnost\u00ed sv\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v\u00a0II. pat\u0159e budovy matematicko-p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f v\u00a0Praze II. U Karlova \u010d. 3. Panu prof. Hanzl\u00edkovi a profesorsk\u00e9mu sboru p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty Karlovy univerzity vd\u011b\u010d\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd za to, \u017ee na\u0161el provizorn\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed tak \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9, \u017ee by se za dan\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed nena\u0161lo lep\u0161\u00ed. Ku p\u0159es\u00eddlen\u00ed z\u00a0Klementina na Karlov do\u0161lo v\u00a0polovici kv\u011btna 1920.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pokud se t\u00fd\u010de person\u00e1lu \u00fastavu, byl p\u0159id\u011blen Dr. Schneiderovi od 1. srpna 1919 jako zatimn\u00ed asistent p\u0159i hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b pro meteorologickou slu\u017ebu Phil. C. Alois Gregor, suplent st\u00e1tn\u00edho gymnasia ve Str\u00e1\u017enici a 29. dubna 1920 byl jmenov\u00e1n asistentem st\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho. Dal\u0161\u00edmi asistenty byli stanoveni Phil. Dr. Emanuel Hof (29. dubna 1920) a Phil. Dr. Gustav Swoboda (20. \u010dervna 1920). \u0158editelem \u00fastavu byl jmenov\u00e1n dne 31. srpna 1920 jeho dosavadn\u00ed spr\u00e1vce docent Phil. Rudolf Schneider.\u201c<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ze stanov St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee i po 100 letech se \u00fasek meteorologie a klimatologie \u010cHM\u00da v\u011bnuje stejn\u00fdm \u010dinnostem, jako v\u00a0dob\u00e1ch jeho zalo\u017een\u00ed (p\u0159ibyly i mnoh\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed) mimo vojensk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti a tvorby ro\u010denek pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ji\u017e od po\u010d\u00e1tku \u00fastav \u00fazce spolupracoval p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeckou fakultou univerzity Karlovy a velkou roli m\u011blo Klementinum a observato\u0159 v\u00a0Praze na Karlov\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159ejeme \u010cHM\u00da jako pokra\u010dovateli St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho mnoho \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f ve sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, aby dob\u0159e pe\u010doval o tento obor a d\u00e1le ho rozv\u00edjel.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zpracoval Pavel Lipina podle publikace St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd v\u00a0prv\u00e9m desetilet\u00ed republiky 1918\u20131928<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Pavel Lipina, IV \u010cMeS \u010d. 102, 2019\/2<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159i z\u00e1niku rakousko-uhersk\u00e9 monarchie bylo nutn\u00e9 z\u0159\u00eddit tak\u00e9 v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed republice \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by p\u0159evzalo v\u00a0oblasti st\u00e1tu ve\u0161ker\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce \u00fastav\u016f ve V\u00eddni a Budape\u0161ti (Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav pro meteorologii a geodynamiku zalo\u017een\u00fd [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9435","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9435","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9435"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9435\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9440,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9435\/revisions\/9440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}