{"id":9393,"date":"2024-12-25T19:33:25","date_gmt":"2024-12-25T18:33:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=9393"},"modified":"2024-12-25T19:37:25","modified_gmt":"2024-12-25T18:37:25","slug":"100-let-observatore-hurbanovo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/100-let-observatore-hurbanovo\/","title":{"rendered":"100 let observato\u0159e Hurbanovo"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"9393\" class=\"elementor elementor-9393\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ce58bc7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ce58bc7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-10cc698\" data-id=\"10cc698\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53897ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53897ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Storo\u010dn\u00e9 jubileum v\u00fdskumnej \u010dinnosti je medzn\u00edkom, pri ktorom sa t\u0159eba zastavit&#8217;, zrekapitulovat doteraz rykonan\u00fa pr\u00e1cu, dosiahnut\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky a na\u010drtn\u00fa\u0165 program do bud\u00facnosti. V\u00fdvoj vedy zaznamenal v posledn\u00fdch lesa\u0165ro\u010diach mimoriadny pokrok. Praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie meteorologie v r\u00f3znych odvetviach spolo\u010denskej \u010dinnosti, ob\u00ed tento v\u011bdn\u00fd odbor d\u00f3le\u017eit\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkom pl\u00e1novan\u00e9ho rozvoj a n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/Hurbanovo.JPG\" alt=\"\" \/>Vznik v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch observat\u00f3ri\u00ed atron\u00f3mie, geofyziky a meteorologie v nezn\u00e1mej obci Star\u00e1 \u010eala (dne\u0161n\u00e9 iurbanovo), v druhej polovici minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia, bol jav n\u00e1hodn\u00fd a podmienen\u00fd z\u00e1ujmom a nad\u0161en\u00edm dr. Mikul\u00e1\u0161a Konkolyho-Thege pre pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 vedy. Je charakteristick\u00fdm znakom za\u0161l\u00fdch \u010dias, \u017ee tak v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 a potrebn\u00e1 ustanovize\u0148 vznikla z podn\u011btu a prostriedkov bohat\u00e9ho jednotlivca. Nameran\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledkami, ich spracovan\u00edm a publikov\u00e1n\u00edm, stali sa hurbanovsk\u00e9 observat\u00f3ria zn\u00e1me u\u017e koncom minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia, nielen v Eur\u00f3pe, ale i mnoh\u00fdch z\u00e1mo\u0159sk\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch. V minulom storo\u010d\u00ed bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u011bdecky pracovat v pokojnom vidieckom prostred\u00ed, k \u010domu posta\u010dovali v Hurbanove in\u0161talovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje a pom\u011brn\u00e9 mal\u00e1 odborn\u00e1 kni\u017enica. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia sa v tomto ohlade podstatn\u00e9 zm\u011bnila. Racionaliz\u00e1cia v\u00fdskumnej i prev\u00e1dzkovej \u010dinnosti v odbore meteorol\u00f3gie nie je mysliteln\u00e1 bez vyu\u017e\u00edvania automatiz\u00e1cie, \u0161irokej medzin\u00e1rodnej spolupr\u00e1ce a bez s\u00fastredenia vedeck\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov v centr\u00e1lnom \u00fastave, v bl\u00edzkosti \u00fastredn\u00fdch pl\u00e1novac\u00edch a vl\u00e1dn\u00fdch org\u00e1nov.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pri historickej retrospektiv\u011b v\u00fdvoja observat\u00f3ria je pot\u0159ebn\u00e9, aby sme si uv\u011bdomili, v \u010dom spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 jeho \u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Hurbanovsk\u00e9 pozorovania vytvo\u0159ili z\u00e1klad pre podrobn\u00fa anal\u00fdzu poveternostn\u00fdch dejov v Podunajskej n\u00ed\u017ein\u011b a v glob\u00e1lnom meradle i v strednej Eur\u00f3pe, pre ktor\u00fa je t\u00e1to poloha velmi v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e1. Je pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165ou, aby sme vyzdvihli vedeck\u00fa hodnotu dlhodob\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch pozorovan\u00ed na jednom mieste, a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9 rovnak\u00fdch vonkaj\u0161\u00edch podmienok. Storo\u010dn\u00fd rad d\u00e1va p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost, aby sa niektor\u00e9 hydrometeorologick\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy novo presk\u00famali a aplikovali pri ekonomickom rozvoji Podunajskej n\u00ed\u017einy. Hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v Bratislav\u011b m\u00e1 t\u00fato \u00falohu zaraden\u00fa do svojich v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch pl\u00e1nov.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Oslavy storo\u010dn\u00e9ho jubilea n\u00e1m poskytli p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pre ocenenie pr\u00e1ce star\u0161\u00edch pracovn\u00edkov, ktor\u00ed v slu\u017eb\u00e1ch \u00fastavu p\u0159e\u017eili najlep\u0161ie roky svojho \u017eivota a ostali v\u011brn\u00ed svojmu povolaniu, napriek jeho n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti. Mnoh\u00fdm pracovn\u00edkom \u00fastavu sa meteorol\u00f3gia a hydrol\u00f3gia stala \u017eivotn\u00fdm povol\u00e1n\u00edm a za t\u00fato obetav\u00fa a vytrval\u00fa pr\u00e1cu m vyslovujeme v\u010faku a uznanie.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Doc. RNDr. Ferdinand \u0160amaj, CSc., riaditel HM\u00da Bratislava, MZ 1972\/2-3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 25, str. 33<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a907ad1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a907ad1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5984d19\" data-id=\"5984d19\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ff36de elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"8ff36de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#0c0d0e;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{font-size:15px;line-height:1;max-width:95%}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__element{margin:0 var(--divider-element-spacing);flex-shrink:0}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-icon{font-size:var(--divider-icon-size)}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider-separator{display:flex;margin:0;direction:ltr}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon 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.elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width,100%);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0dba5d3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0dba5d3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a4b05f\" data-id=\"6a4b05f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53e8a21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53e8a21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><h2><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>SLAVNOSTN\u011a ZHROMA\u017dDENIE Z P\u0158\u00cdLE\u017dITOSTI 100 ROKOV METEOROLOGICK\u00c9HO POZOROVANIA V HURBANOVE<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v Bratislav\u011b usporiadal v d\u0148och 7. a 8. decembra 1971 sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenie pri p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti 100. v\u00fdro\u010dia meteorologick\u00e9ho pozorovania v Hurbanove.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/Hurbanovo1.JPG\" alt=\"\" \/>Na sl\u00e1vnostnom zhroma\u017eden\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa konalo v Hurbanove, sa z\u00fa\u010dastnilo okrem pracovn\u00edkov HM\u00da-Bratislava aj niekorko vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch host\u00ed \u2014 Dr. Kraj\u010d\u00ed, n\u00e1mestn\u00edk ministra lesn\u00e9ho a vod\u00adn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva SSR; Ing. Valu\u0161ka \u2014 p\u0159edseda \u00daV Sloven\u00adsk\u00e9ho odborov\u00e9ho zvazu pracovn\u00edkov drev\u00e1rsk\u00e9ho priemyslu a vodn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva; z\u00e1stupcovia \u00daV KSS, Meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Ma\u010farskej Iudovej republiky, Geofyzik\u00e1lneho \u00fastavu SAV, \u00dastrednej hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b v Hurbanove, Katedry astronomie, geo\u00adfyziky a meteorologie UK v Bratislav\u011b, \u00dastavu meteorologie a klimatologie SAV, Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Prahe a Vysokej \u0161koly polnohospod\u00e1rskej v Nit\u0159e. Svoju ne\u00fa\u010das\u0165 na zasadnut\u00ed ospravedlnil akademik F. F. Davitaja z gruzinskej akad\u00e9mie vied v Tbilisi, b\u00fdval\u00fd d\u00f3stojn\u00edk Sovietskej arm\u00e1dy, ktor\u00fd sa z\u00fa\u010dastnil oslobodzovania Hurbanova od fa\u0161istick\u00fdch vojsk. Pr\u00e1v\u011b jeho z\u00e1sluhou v obdob\u00ed druhej sv\u011btov\u011bj vojny nep\u0159i\u0161lo k preru\u0161eniu meteorologick\u00fdch pozorovan\u00ed v Hurbanove. I touto cestou vyjad\u0159ujeme mu svoju v\u010fa\u010dnos\u0165. V pr\u00edlohe uve\u0159ej\u0148ujeme pozdravn\u00fd list, ktor\u00fd zaslal akademik F. F. Davitaja \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkom zasadnutia.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenie otvoril a viedol Dr. J. Rak, CSc, n\u00e1mestn\u00edk riaditela HM\u00da Bratislava. \u00davodom odzneli sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e9 pr\u00edvety host\u00ed. V\u0161etci \u0159e\u010dn\u00edci vysoko ocenili \u00falohu meteorol\u00f3gie a klimatologie pri zabezpe\u010dovan\u00ed potrieb r\u00f3znych odv\u011btv\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u00adn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva a v\u00fdznam 100-ro\u010dn\u00e9ho radu meteor, pozorovan\u00ed pre ohodnotenie kl\u00edmy strednej Eur\u00f3py. Dopolud\u0148aj\u0161iu odborn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 uzav\u0159el refer\u00e1tom \u201eK storo\u010dnici zalo\u017eenia hurbanovsk\u00fdch observat\u00f3ri\u00ed&#8221; doc. dr. F. \u0160amaj, CSc. \u2014 riaditel HM\u00da Brati\u00adslava.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/Hurbanovo2.JPG\" alt=\"\" \/>V druhej \u010dasti dopolud\u0148aj\u0161ieho programu odovzdali z\u00e1stupcovia ministerstva a ROH trom pracovn\u00edkom \u00fastavu vyznamenania \u201eBudovatel vodn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva&#8221; (H. Jan\u010d\u00e1rov\u00e1, Dr. M. Kurpelov\u00e1, CSc. a V. \u0160u\u0161ka). \u010ealej riaditel HM\u00da odovzdal 36 pra\u00adcovn\u00edkom \u00fastavu finan\u010dn\u011b, resp. v\u011bcn\u00e9 dary z p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti ich osob\u00adn\u00fdch a pracovn\u00fdch jubile\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V polud\u0148aj\u0161ej prest\u00e1vke si \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci zhroma\u017edenia prezreli meteorologick\u00e9, astronomick\u00e9 a geofyzik\u00e1ln\u011b observat\u00f3ria v Hur\u00adbanove. Exkurzia bola doprev\u00e1dzan\u00e1 odborn\u00fdm v\u00fdkladom na jed\u00adnotliv\u00fdch pracovisk\u00e1ch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi ved\u00facimi pracovn\u00edkmi. Na z\u00e1v\u011br exkurzie \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e9ho zhroma\u017edenia polo\u017eili veniec k hrobke zakladatela observat\u00f3ri\u00ed Mikul\u00e1\u0161a Konkolyho-Thege.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Popoludni sa utkuto\u010dnil odborn\u00fd semin\u00e1\u0159, na ktorom odznelo 7 predn\u00e1\u0161ok k v\u00fdsledkom z\u00edskan\u00fdch zo spracovan\u00ed hurbanovsk\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch pozorovan\u00ed. Uveden\u00fdm p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161k\u00e1m je v\u011bnova\u00adn\u00e9 toto \u010d\u00edslo Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenie skon\u010dilo spolo\u010dnou ve\u010derou v hoteli Eur\u00f3pa v Hurbanove.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Druh\u00fd de\u0148, 8. decembra 1971, bol v\u011bnovan\u00fd odbornej exkurzii.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00da\u010dastn\u00edci nav\u0161t\u00edvili Vysok\u00fa polnohospod\u00e1rsku \u0161kolu v Nit\u0159e, kde si prezreli agrometeorologick\u00e9 pracovisko \u0161koly, agrometeorologick\u00fa stanicu, polnohospod\u00e1rske m\u00fazeum a nitriansky hrad. Na spiato\u010dnej cest\u011b \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci nav\u0161t\u00edvili V\u00fdskumn\u00fa meteorologick\u00fa stanicu SAV zriaden\u00fa v r\u00e1mci medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumn\u00e9ho programu \u201eBiol\u00f3gia krajiny&#8221; v B\u00e1be, kde sa obozn\u00e1mili s pracov\u00adnou n\u00e1pl\u0148ou a technick\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm pracoviska.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenie pri p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti 100. v\u00fdro\u010dia meteoro\u00adlogick\u00e9ho pozorovania v Hurbanove vyzdvihlo v\u00fdznam dlhodob\u00fdch nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fdch radov pozorovan\u00ed a p\u0159isp\u011blo k propag\u00e1cii meteorol\u00f3gie a klimatologie. Bola ocen\u011bn\u00e1 stato\u010dn\u00e1 a sv\u011bdomit\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca zasl\u00fa\u017eil\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Bratislav\u011b a s\u00fa\u010dasne \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci z\u00edskali nov\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 poznatky o kl\u00edme Hurbanova.<\/span><\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Juraj Rak, MZ 1972\/2-3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 25, str. 34<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f472dca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f472dca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8c1a5c1\" data-id=\"8c1a5c1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84fd72e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"84fd72e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-70703dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"70703dd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-593e97f\" data-id=\"593e97f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1200f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1200f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><h2 class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>K STORO\u010cNICI ZALO\u017dENIA HURBANOVSK\u00ddCH OBSERVATO\u0158I!<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V druhej polovici XIX. storo\u010dia za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 sa prejavova\u0165 vo v\u00fdvoji vedy, kultury a technick\u00e9ho pokroku vzostupn\u00e1 tendencia. Objavuj\u00fa sa nov\u00e9 sm\u011bry v soci\u00e1lnych i pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch v\u00e9d\u00e1ch. Buduje sa priemysel, stavia sa \u017eeleznica, ktor\u00e1 v kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase sp\u00e1ja mest\u00e1 doteraz vzdialen\u00e9 na viacdenn\u00e9 putovanie dostavn\u00edkom. Tento b\u00farliv\u00fd rozvoj sa odr\u00e1\u017ea aj v \u017eivotnom postoji a z\u00e1ujmoch spolo\u010densk\u00fdch tried, v ich n\u00e1zoroch na zmysel a n\u00e1pl\u0148 \u017eivota. Bur\u017eo\u00e1zia sa rozvojom priemyslu hospod\u00e1\u0159sky vzm\u00e1h\u00e1, k\u00fdm feud\u00e1li, najma v Uhorsku, pokial sa neodvr\u00e1tia od pokroku, venuj\u00fa sa p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 politike, vede alebo umeniu. Niektor\u00fdch z nich nadchol rozvoj pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch vied a sami z vlastn\u00fdch prostriedkov budovali laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1 a observat\u00f3ri\u00e1. Na Felvid\u00e9ku, na Hornej zemi, ako ozna\u010dovali Ma\u010fa\u0159i krajinu na sever od Dunaja a M\u00e1try, \u017eili v dru\u00adhej polovici XIX. storo\u010dia 2 \u0161lachtici, ktor\u00fdch zaujalo pozorovanie a sk\u00famanie p\u0159\u00edrody natolko, \u017ee sa stali priekopn\u00edkmi v tomto odbo\u00adre a z\u00edskali sv\u011btov\u00e9 meno. Jedn\u00fdm z nich bol Gregor von Friesenhof z Kr\u00e1sna pri Nedanoviach, okr. Topol\u010dany, ktor\u00fd v roku 1872 zalo\u017eil agrometeorologick\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium a od roku 1882 vyd\u00e1val vlastn\u00fdm n\u00e1kladom mesa\u010dn\u00edk: Monatsberichte des agrometeorologoischen Observatoriums des Neutrathaler landwirtschaftlichen Vereines. Na svoju dobu bolo to observat\u00f3rium modeme vyba\u00adven\u00e9 a malo vlastn\u00fa sie\u0165 pozorovan\u00ed. Friesenhof vyd\u00e1val tie\u017e prv\u00e9 pravideln\u00e9 progn\u00f3zy po\u010dasia pre nitriansky kraj. Toto obser\u00advat\u00f3rium i cel\u00e1 sie\u0165 zanikla po smrti Friesenhofa v obdob\u00ed prvej sv\u011btov\u011bj vojny.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Druh\u00fdm nad\u0161en\u00fdm pestovatelom pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch vied v tomto kraji bol \u0161lachtic dr. Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Konkoly-Thege, ktor\u00e9ho dielo sa zacho\u00advalo do dne\u0161n\u00fdch \u010dias. Bol pestovatelom meteorol\u00f3gie, astrono\u00admie a geofyziky; pre tieto v\u011bdn\u00e9 odbory na vlastnom majetku v Starej \u010eale vyst\u00e1val observat\u00f3ri\u00e1 a zaviedol pravideln\u00e9 pozoro\u00advania.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Prv\u00e9 p\u00edsomn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o Starej \u010eale poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z roku 1357 a Gyallu spom\u00ednaj\u00fa ako pustatinu (laz, kopanicu). V druhej polo\u00advici 15. storo\u010dia z \u010falansk\u00e9ho statku poch\u00e1dzal zn\u00e1my kr\u00e1lov\u00adsk\u00fd zapisovatel Paulus Hendy de Gyalla. Roku 1582 Gyallai Istv\u00e1n d\u00e1va dalansk\u00fd majetok do z\u00e1lohy Cyrilovi Thasymu a Pet\u00adrovi Zsigmundovi\u010dovi, v nasleduj\u00facom storo\u010d\u00ed velkostatok men\u00ed viacer\u00fdch majitelov. Roku 1697 st\u00e1v\u00e1 sa majetkom Ladislava Konkolyho. Roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm chot\u00e1ra sa tu postupn\u00e9 usadia viacer\u00e9 \u0161lachtick\u00e9 rodiny, z ktor\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u00e1 svoju usadlos\u0165 alebo ka\u0161tiel v Gyalle alebo v p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdch 14 pust\u00e1ch. Jedna z nich pat\u0159ila konkolyovsk\u00e9mu rodu. Podia F\u00e9nye\u0161a Konkolyovsk\u00e1 pustatina bola majetkom kum\u00e1nskeho vodcu Thegeho, z ktor\u00e9ho poch\u00e1dza vetva rodu Konkoly-Thege.<\/span><\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V \u010dase po\u010diatkov pozorovan\u00ed bola \u00d3 Gyalla bezv\u00fdznamnou obcou s po\u010dtom necel\u00fdch 400 obyvatelov. V d\u00f3sledku medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu observat\u00f3ria ako i osobn\u00e9ho vplyvu Konkolyho bolo sem p\u0159esunut\u00e9 s\u00eddlo okresu; vzniklo tu pansk\u00e9 kasino, okresn\u00fd s\u00fad, finan\u010dn\u00e1 spr\u00e1va, spo\u0159itelna atd., v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledkami stala sa O Gyalla zn\u00e1mou i daleko za hranicami Uhorska. Obe sv\u011btov\u00e9 vojny i pres\u00favanie \u0161t\u00e1tn\u00fdch hran\u00edc mali za n\u00e1sledok zaost\u00e1v\u00e1me v\u00fdstavby priemyslu i samotn\u00e9ho rozvoja obce. Po osloboden\u00ed, v roku 1948 dostala Star\u00e1 \u010eala nov\u00e9 meno podia revolu\u010dn\u00e9ho slovensk\u00e9ho b\u00e1sn\u00edka J. M. Hurbana a nesk\u00f3r bola vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e1 za m\u011bsto.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ko\u0159ene rodu Konkoly-Thege siahaj\u00fa do 13. storo\u010dia, ako prv\u00fd sa spom\u00edna I\u0161tv\u00e1n Konkoly (1242) z konkolyovskej pusty. Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Konkoly-Thege sa narodil pred 130 rokmi, a to 20. janu\u00e1ra 1842. St\u0159edn\u00e9 \u0161koly ukon\u010dil v Pe\u0161ti, univerzitu v Berl\u00edne, kde v roku 1862 z\u00edskal doktorsk\u00fd diplom. Na \u017eiados\u0165 rodi\u010dov v roku 1867 nast\u00fapil do slu\u017eieb kom\u00e1r\u0148anskej stolice. T\u00e1to pr\u00e1ca ho v\u0161ak neuspokojovala, jeho z\u00e1ujem sa s\u00fastredil na v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fd\u00adsk\u016fm v oblasti pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch vied. V svojom starodalanskom parku na vlastn\u011b n\u00e1klady za\u010dal v roku 1870 stava\u0165 prv\u00fd hv\u011bzd\u00e1\u0159sky pavil\u00f3n a zriadil meteorologick\u00fa stanicu. Rozsah v\u00fdskumnej \u010din\u00adnosti tu neust\u00e1le roz\u0161i\u0159oval natolko, \u017ee z\u00edskan\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledkami stal sa uzn\u00e1van\u00fdm eur\u00f3pskym vedcom v oblasti astrofyziky a kon\u0161trukt\u00e9rom nov\u00fdch pr\u00edstrojov. V roku 1890 st\u00e1v\u00e1 sa riaditelom \u00fastavu meteorol\u00f3gie a geomagnetizmu v Budape\u0161ti, ktor\u00fd po-vzniesol na vysok\u00fa vedeck\u00fa \u00farove\u0148. V roku 1896\u20141905 bol poslancom, v tejto funkcii sa stal zn\u00e1my svoj\u00edm volnomy\u0161lien-k\u00e1rskym programom (s\u00e1m bol \u010dlenom slobodomur\u00e1rskej l\u00f3\u017ee) a vo verejnom \u017eivote kom\u00e1r\u0148anskej \u017eupy mal v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 postavenie; vyvinul tie\u017e velk\u00e9 \u00fasilie o splavnos\u0165 doln\u00e9ho toku V\u00e1hu. Vynikal ako hudobnlk a prozaik. Jeho hudobn\u00e9 a liter\u00e1rn\u011b pr\u00e1ce v uhersk\u00fdch i zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch \u010dasopisoch by vytvo\u0159ili niekolko samostatn\u00fdch zvazkov.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po\u010das \u017eivota dostalo sa uznania jeho vedeckov\u00fdskumnej \u010din\u00adnosti; bol vym\u011b\u0148ovan\u00fd za \u010dlena Madarskej kr\u00e1lovskej akad\u00e9mie, bol \u010destn\u00fdm \u010dlenom viacer\u00fdch zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch spolo\u010d-nost\u00ed; ako ministersk\u00fd radca dostal viacero vyznamenan\u00ed a r\u00e1dov. Zomrel 74-ro\u010dn\u00fd, v roku 1916, je pochovan\u00fd v Hurbanove.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dr. Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Konkoly-Thege bol mu\u017e na svoju dobu neoby\u010dajne vzd\u011blan\u00fd a jeho observat\u00f3ri\u00e1 m\u00f3\u017eeme pova\u017eovat za najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ie a najlep\u0161ie zariaden\u00e9 s\u00fakromn\u00e9 observat\u00f3ria, ktor\u00e9 na roz\u00adhran\u00ed 19. a 20. storo\u010dia v Eur\u00f3pe existovali. On s\u00e1m bol osobnos\u0165ou zn\u00e1mou a v\u00e1\u017eenou, udr\u017eiaval styky s popredn\u00fdmi s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdmi u\u010dencami a umelcami. Vedeckej pr\u00e1ci zasvatil cel\u00fd svoj \u017eivot. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me tejto jubilejnej p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, aby sme s odstupom \u010dasu vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili obdiv a vzdali hold jeho vedeckej pr\u00e1ci, ktorou presl\u00e1vil svoj kraj v celej Eur\u00f3pe.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ked v lete v roku 1871 otvoril prv\u00fa kopulu observat\u00f3ria, nemal dr. Konkoly v \u00famysle kona\u0165 pravideln\u00e9 pozorovania. \u010coskoro v\u0161ak zistil, \u017ee nov\u00e1 hvezd\u00e1re\u0148, meteorologick\u00e9 i geomagnetick\u00e9 merania m\u00f3\u017eu ma\u0165 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam, ne\u017e povodn\u011b im p\u0159ipisoval a tak postupn\u00e9 dosp\u011bl k \u00famyslu vybudovat v Starej \u010eale obdobu Humboldtovho observat\u00f3ria v Potsdame; k \u00famyslu vybudovat&#8217; experi\u00adment\u00e1ln\u011b v\u011bdeck\u00e9 pracovisko mimo hlavn\u00e9ho m\u011bsta v prost\u0159ed\u00ed najmenej naru\u0161enom civiliz\u00e1ciou. Pozorovania sa spo\u010diatku zamerali na sledovanie slne\u010dn\u00fdch \u0161kv\u0159n protuberanci\u00ed a spektrum kom\u00e9t. Na \u017eiados\u0165 riaditela Quida Schenzla, riaditela \u00dastavu pre meteorol\u00f3giu a zemsk\u00fd magnetizmus v Budape\u0161ti, za\u010dal v\u00a0roku 1871 vykon\u00e1vat geomagnetick\u00e9 pozorovania. Merania sa tu konali iba 3 roky, lebo geomagnetick\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium bolo p\u0159enesen\u00e9 na Vysok\u00fa \u0161kolu v Budape\u0161ti. Trval\u00fdm s\u00eddlom geomagnetick\u00fdch meran\u00ed sa stala Star\u00e1 \u010eala od roku 1890, ked sa zistilo, \u017ee umiestnenie geomagnetick\u00e9ho observat\u00f3ria v \u017eelezobetonov\u00fdch stav\u00adb\u00e1ch velk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta nevyhovuje.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">S prv\u00fdmi e\u0161te nepravideln\u00fdmi meteorologick\u00fdmi pozorovaniami, pomocnou vlastn\u00fdch pr\u00edstrojov umiestnen\u00fdch v plechovej meteorologickej b\u00fadke, za\u010dal Dr. M. Konkoly u\u017e v roku 1867. Prv\u00e9 zachovan\u00e9 pozorovania poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z roku 1871; od roku 1872\u00a0 s\u00fa v\u00fdsledky pozorovan\u00ed publikovan\u00e9 v meteorologick\u00fdch ro\u010denk\u00e1ch Ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu; od roku 1896 a\u017e do I. sv\u011btov\u011bj vojny vych\u00e1dzali v\u0161etky tieto \u00fadaje ako t\u0159et\u00ed samostatn\u00fd diel ro\u010deniek \u00fastavu. Vystrojenie stanice od roku 1871 bolo na svoju dobu na vysokej \u00farovni. Stanica mala 2 teplom\u011bry, tlakom\u011br, zr\u00e1\u017ekomer a psychrometer. V\u00fd\u0161ka pr\u00edstrojov od zemsk\u00e9\u00adho povrchu, ako i poloha stanice sa viackr\u00e1t m\u011bnili. Spo\u010diatku bola na juh od astronomick\u00e9ho observat\u00f3ria, od roku 1876 na severnej stran\u011b; v roku 1900 bola p\u0159enesen\u00e1 na druh\u016f stranu cesty do novej z\u00e1hrady, kde sa nach\u00e1dza doposial.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na jar 1874 si zadov\u00e1\u017eil z Lond\u00fdna 10-palcov\u00fd Browningov zrkadlov\u00fd \u010falekohlad, pre ktor\u00fd bolo pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 vybudovat nov\u016f hvezd\u00e1re\u0148. Od tohto \u010dasu tu za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 intenz\u00edvny rozvoj astrono\u00admie. V nasleduj\u00facom toku kupuje Konkoly u Merza v Mnichove 6-palcov\u00fd refraktora na b\u0159ehu jazera stavia tretiu kopulu. S\u00fa\u010dasne zriaduje mechanick\u00fa diel\u0148u; s\u00e1m bol nadan\u00fdm a sk\u00fasen\u00fdm mechanikom; zhotovil cel\u00fd rad pr\u00edstrojov, ako napr. chronografy, men\u0161ie dalekohlady, okolo pol tucta r\u00f3znych skeptroskopov, 3 k\u00fdvadlov\u00e9 hodiny a viac fyzik\u00e1lnych pr\u00edstrojov pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch k laborat\u00f3rnym pr\u00e1cam. Na vrchole rozvoja mala astronomick\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 observat\u00f3ria 9 kop\u00fal, v ktor\u00fdch st\u00e1li nep\u0159enosn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V roku 1890 bol dr. Konkoly vym\u011b\u0148ovan\u00fd za riaditela \u00dastavu pre meteorol\u00f3giu a geomagnetizmus v Budape\u0161ti: Vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fac t\u00fato funkciu nezanedb\u00e1val rozvoj starodalansk\u00e9ho observat\u00f3ria \u2014 p\u0159i\u010dinil sa o znovunavr\u00e1tenie pr\u00edstrojov pre geomagnetick\u00e9 me\u00adrania, roz\u0161i\u0159oval vystrojenie meteorologickej stanice a pod. Nov\u00e9 administrat\u00edvno-organiza\u010dn\u00e9 povinnosti ako i spolo\u010densko-politick\u00e1 anga\u017eovanos\u0165 mu zaberaj\u00fa vela \u010dasu a tak organizov\u00e1n\u00edm vedeckej pr\u00e1ce na observat\u00f3riu pov\u011b\u0159uje svojich nadan\u00fdch mlad\u00ad\u0161\u00edch spolupracovn\u00edkov. V odbore meteorol\u00f3gie je to oravsk\u00fd rod\u00e1k Zsigmund R\u00f3na (1860\u20141941), ktor\u00fd ako prv\u00fd spracoval a zhod\u00adnotil kl\u00edmu Karpatskej oblasti v Uhorsku. Pod jeho odborn\u00fdm veden\u00edm bol spracovan\u00fd napozorovan\u00fd materi\u00e1l a vydan\u00e9 viacero pr\u00e1c t\u00fdkaj\u00facich sa kl\u00edmy Starej \u010ealy. Velk\u00fa z\u00e1sluhu na spracovan\u00ed staro\u010falansk\u00fdch pozorovan\u00ed m\u00e1 tie\u017e jeho spolupracovn\u00edk Eudov\u00edt Fraunhoffer. Udr\u017eovanie st\u00e1le rozrastaj\u00faceho sa obser\u00advat\u00f3ria za\u010dalo v 90-tych rokoch presahova\u0165 r\u00e1mec mo\u017enost\u00ed s\u00fakromnika. Po niekolkoro\u010dn\u00fdch prie\u0165ahoch p\u0159i\u0161lo k dohod\u011b, podia ktorej 18. m\u00e1ja 1899 daroval \u0161t\u00e1tu cel\u00fd are\u00e1l v\u010d\u00edtane zariadenia s t\u00fdm, \u017ee ostane bezplatn\u00fdm riaditelom do svojej smrti. 20. m\u00e1ja 1899 p\u0159evzala observat\u00f3rium \u0161t\u00e1tna spr\u00e1va pod n\u00e1zvom \u201eAstro\u00adfyzik\u00e1ln\u011b observat\u00f3rium Konkolyovskej z\u00e1kladn\u00e9&#8221; v Starej \u010eale. Geomagnetick\u00e1 a meteorologick\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 observat\u00f3ria boli za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00e9 pod spr\u00e1vu \u00dastavu meteorol\u00f3gie a geomagnetizmu v Budape\u0161ti. Konkoly vo funkcii riaditela \u00fastavu p\u0159esadil, aby pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 \u00dast\u0159edn\u011b meteorologick\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium pre Uhorsko bolo posta\u00adven\u00e9 v Starej \u010eale, daleko od velkom\u011bstsk\u00e9ho prostredia, kde poloha stanice nebude ovplyvnen\u00e1 priemyslom. Pre observat\u00f3rium sa v lete 1899 za\u010dala stava\u0165 nov\u00e1 2poschodov\u00e1 budova s 22 m vysokou pozorovacou ve\u017eou, na ktorej sa umiestnili p\u0159\u00edstroje na meranie v\u011btra, slne\u010dn\u00e9ho svitu a \u017eiarenia. Pre denn\u00fd z\u00e1znam hlav-n\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch prvkov boli zadov\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 registra\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00ed\u00adstroje. Od roku 1900, kedy bola stavba dokon\u010den\u00e1, je tu v \u010dinnosti meteorologick\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium, ak\u00fdch viac v tom \u010dase na \u00fazem\u00ed Uhorska nebolo.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Vystrojenie \u0161t\u00e1tneho meteorologick\u00e9ho observat\u00f3ria za\u010diatkom n\u00e1\u0161ho storo\u010dia bolo vskutku modern\u011b. Bol tu Fuessov tlakom\u011br, v\u00e1hov\u00fd barograf Sprung-Fuessov, ktor\u00fd dodnes pat\u0159\u00ed k ojedin\u011b\u00adl\u00fdm pr\u00edstrojom na sv\u011bte s mimoriadnou presnos\u0165ou z\u00e1znamu, v\u0161etky druhy teplomerov (v\u010d\u00edtane p\u00f3dnych), aspira\u010dn\u00fd psychro\u00admeter, vlasov\u00fd vlhkom\u011br, Richardov\u00e9 termografy a hydrografy s denn\u00fd ot\u00e1\u010dan\u00edm valca, \u010falej zr\u00e1\u017ekomer, ombrograf typu Anderko-Bogdanfy, ktor\u00fd umo\u017enil registr\u00e1ciu zr\u00e1\u017eok aj v zimnej \u010dasti roka; p\u0159\u00edstroj pre ur\u010dovanie teploty da\u017eda, Wildov v\u00fdparomer, p\u0159\u00edstroje pre meranie oz\u00f3nu, prem\u0159zavania p\u00f3dy, nefoskop pre ur\u010dovanie \u0165ahu mrakov, pri\u010dom v ju\u017enej \u010dasti meteorologickej z\u00e1hrady bol \u0161peci\u00e1lny pavil\u00f3n, kde sa vykon\u00e1vali fotografick\u00e9 merania tvaru a \u0165ahu oblakov. Na v\u011b\u017ei bol in\u0161talovan\u00fd Aedie-Munroow registr\u00e1tor v\u011btra na zaznamen\u00e1vanie sm\u011bru a r\u00fdchlosti v\u011btra, Dinesov registr\u00e1tor n\u00e1razov v\u011btra, p\u0159\u00edstroje na meranie v\u011btra boli vyroben\u00e9 v dielni \u00fastavu podia n\u00e1kresov Konkolya. \u010ealej sa tu konalo pravideln\u00e9 meranie hladiny spodnej vody, meranie slne\u010dn\u00e9ho \u017eiarenia pomocou Michelson-Martenovho aktinometra a Robitschov\u00fdm pyranografom.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z geofyzik\u00e1lnych discipl\u00edn sa po roku 1900 okrem geomagnetiz\u00admu zapo\u010dalo so seizmick\u00fdmi meraniami a meraniami atmosferickej elekt\u0159iny. Program v\u00fdskumu sa roz\u0161i\u0159oval i na \u00faseku astronomie, pred prvou sv\u011btovou vojnou tu vzniklo viacero v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch v\u011b\u00addeck\u00fdch pr\u00e1c; z nich za mimoriadne v\u011bdeck\u00e9 dielo mo\u017eno pova\u017eo\u00advat \u201eFotometrick\u00fd katalog&#8221; obsahuj\u00faci p\u0159esn\u00e9 hviezdne velkosti v\u0161etk\u00fdch hviezd od +4\u00b0 do \u201415\u00b0 deklin\u00e1cie (jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ako 7,6 mg). M. Konkoly sa stal zn\u00e1my svojimi spektroskopick\u00fdmi pozo-rovaniami jasn\u00fdch kom\u00e9t, ktor\u00e9 uve\u0159ej\u0148oval vo v\u011bdeck\u00fdch periodi\u00adk\u00e1ch i vlastn\u00fdch publik\u00e1ciach; jeho pozorovanie Halleyovej kom\u00e9ty v m\u00e1ji 1910 sa podnes uv\u00e1dza v odborn\u00fdch zoznamoch vedeckej literat\u00fary. Hurbanovsk\u00e9 observat\u00f3ria okrem vedeckej n\u00e1pln\u011b plnia v tom \u010dase i funkciu experiment\u00e1lneho pracoviska vysokej \u0161koly, kde posluch\u00e1\u010di chodili absolvovat predp\u00edsan\u00e9 praktik\u00e1.<\/span><\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po skon\u010den\u00ed prvej sv\u011btov\u011bj vojny, utvo\u0159en\u00edm \u010ceskoslovenskej republiky, p\u0159evzalo Astrofyzik\u00e1ln\u011b a geofyzik\u00e1ln\u011b observat\u00f3rium Ministerstvo \u0161kolstva a n\u00e1rodnej osv\u011bty; meteorologick\u00e9 obser\u00advat\u00f3rium p\u0159e\u0161lo pod spr\u00e1vu \u0160t\u00e1tneho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho v Prahe. Pr\u00e1ce meteorologick\u00e9ho a geofyzik\u00e1lneho observat\u00f3ria pokra\u010dovali bez preru\u0161enia podobn\u00e9 ako v predo\u0161l\u00fdch rokoch aj nadalej pod veden\u00edm K\u00e1lm\u00e1na Kenessyho (1890\u20141966) a B\u00e1linta Szaba (1870\u20141942). Pra\u017esk\u00fd meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav pokra\u010doval vo zve\u0159ej\u0148ovan\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00fdch pozorovan\u00ed po\u010dasia. Zlo\u017eitej\u0161ia situ\u00e1cia bola v Astrofyzik\u00e1lnom observat\u00f3riu, z ktor\u00e9ho cennej\u0161ie p\u0159\u00edstroje boli p\u0159evezen\u00e9 do Budape\u0161ti (tieto p\u0159\u00edstroje posl\u00fa\u017eili ako z\u00e1klad teraj\u0161ej hvezd\u00e1rni Ma\u010farskej akad\u00e9mie). Prednostom astrofyzik\u00e1lneho observat\u00f3ria stal sa Dr. J. Kav\u00e1n z Prahy. V spo\u00adlupr\u00e1ci s prof. Mal\u00ed\u0159om postupn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1val nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje. V roku 1928 do najv\u00e1\u010d\u0161ej kopuly bol namontovan\u00fd nov\u00fd, nielen najva\u010d\u0161\u00ed, ale aj v tom \u010dase najmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Zeissov dalekohlad so zrkadlom priemeru 600 mm, s ktor\u00fdm sa p\u0159\u00edstroje ostatn\u00fdch \u00fastavov nemohli porovn\u00e1vat. Star\u00e1 \u010eala sa t\u00fdmto stala najva\u010d\u0161ou hv\u011bzd\u00e1rnou v \u010cSR.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zm\u011bna v programe pozorovan\u00ed nastala v roku 1938, ked pod tlakom fa\u0161istickej agresie a viedensk\u00e9ho verdiktu republika do\u00ad\u010dasn\u00e9 stratila oblast ju\u017en\u00e9ho Slovenska. Velk\u00fd dalekohlad a dal\u0161ie p\u0159\u00edstroje boli do\u010dasn\u00e9 pres\u0165ahovan\u00e9 z\u00e1sluhou A. Ducho\u0148a do Pre\u0161ova; velk\u00fd dalekohlad bol pou\u017eit\u00fd na vybavenie novej modernej hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b v \u010distej priezra\u010dnej atmosf\u00e9\u0159e na Skalnatom Plese. V Starej \u010eale sa program obmedzil na geofyzik\u00e1ln\u011b a mete\u00adorologick\u00e9 pozorovania, ktor\u00e9 sa po\u010das II. sv\u011btov\u011bj vojny vykon\u00e1\u00advali bez obmedzenia. Druhou sv\u011btovou vojnou p\u0159e\u0161lo observat\u00f3\u00adrium vcelku bez v\u00e1\u017enej\u0161ieho po\u0161kodenia odhliadnuc od toho, \u017ee v roku 1944 bola evakuovan\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 geofyzik\u00e1lneho p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9ho invent\u00e1ra. Na jar r. 1945 pri n\u00e1hlom p\u0159echode frontu, pri oslobo-den\u00ed Starej \u010ealy \u010cervenou arm\u00e1dou ostalo observat\u00f3rium nepo\u0161koden\u00e9. K \u010fal\u0161ej nepreru\u0161enej \u010dinnosti observat\u00f3ria dopomohol d\u00f3stojn\u00edk Sovietskej arm\u00e1dy, klimatol\u00f3g F. F. Davitaja, teraj\u0161\u00ed akademik Gruz\u00ednskej akad\u00e9mie vied v Tbilisi. Pri osloboden\u00ed Starej \u010ealy sa postaral, aby observat\u00f3rium bolo chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 pred po\u0161koden\u00edm. Zabezpe\u010dil pracovn\u00edkom observat\u00f3ria osobn\u00fa bez\u00adpe\u010dnost a mo\u017enost vykon\u00e1vat p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 pozorovania.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Meteorologick\u00e9 pozorovania po osloboden\u00ed a\u017e do leta 1945 konali pracovn\u00edci budape\u0161tianskeho \u00fastavu, potom p\u0159evzal obser\u00advat\u00f3rium do svojej spr\u00e1vy vtedaj\u0161\u00ed \u0160t\u00e1tny hydrologick\u00fd a meteoro\u00adlogick\u00fd \u00fastav v Bratislav\u011b. V prvom \u010dase sa \u00fastav staral i o geofyzik\u00e1lnu zlo\u017eku. Pre jednotn\u00e9 usporiadanie geofyziky v celo\u0161t\u00e1tnom meradle rozhodlo Poveren\u00edctvo \u0161kolstva a osv\u011bty prevzia\u0165 geofyzik\u00e1ln\u011b observat\u00f3rium do svojho rezortu. Nesk\u00f3r v s\u00falade s organizov\u00e1n\u00edm vedeckov\u00fdskumnej z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 na Slovensku bolo geofyzik\u00e1ln\u011b observat\u00f3rium za\u0159\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 do Geofyzik\u00e1lneho \u00fastavu Slovenskej akad\u00e9mie vied. V priebehu posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed bolo observat\u00f3rium dopln\u011bn\u00e9 viacer\u00fdmi modern\u00fdmi pr\u00edstrojmi.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po roku 1938 astronomick\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165 v Starej \u010eale bola p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e1 na cel\u00fdch 20 rokov. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina bola v tom, \u017ee mal\u00e1 nadmo\u0159sk\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka, zamra\u010den\u00e9 hmlist\u00e9 zimy, hor\u00face zapr\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 let\u00e1 nevyhovuj\u00fa na sv\u011btlo n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm pr\u00edstrojom s\u00fa\u010dasnosti, ktor\u00e9 potrebuj\u00fa \u010dist\u00fd a priezra\u010dn\u00fd vzduch nad hv\u011bzd\u00e1rnou. Nov\u00e9 modern\u011b observa\u00adt\u00f3ri\u00e1 na Skalnatom Plese a Lomnickom \u0161t\u00edte s\u00fa v tomto sm\u011bre daleko v\u00fdhodnej\u0161ie. Niekdaj\u0161ie astrofyzik\u00e1ln\u011b observat\u00f3rium zapo\u00ad\u010dalo svoju \u010dinnos\u0165 v roku 1958, ako Ludov\u00e1 hvezd\u00e1re\u0148, dnes ako Slovensk\u00e1 \u00fastredn\u00e1 hvezd\u00e1re\u0148 v Hurbanove. Hvezd\u00e1re\u0148 v s\u00fa\u010dastnosti pln\u00ed trojak\u00fa \u00falohu: populariza\u010dn\u00fa a uk\u00e1zkov\u00fa pr\u00e1cu pre verejnos\u0165, organizuje hnutie slovensk\u00fdch hvezd\u00e1rov amat\u00e9rov, vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdskumn\u00fa pr\u00e1cu.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Hvezd\u00e1re\u0148 pokra\u010duje vo viacer\u00fdch smeroch v pr\u00e1cach zapo\u010da\u00adt\u00fdch Konkolyom. Budova starej hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b pre t\u00fato \u010dinnos\u0165 ne\u00adposta\u010dovala a preto sa prist\u00fapilo k v\u00fdstavb\u011b novej modernej hv\u011bz\u00add\u00e1rn\u011b, ktor\u00e1 svojimi p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdmi s\u00e1lami, optickou a mechanic\u00adkou diel\u0148ou a mal\u00fdm planet\u00e1riom umo\u017en\u00ed \u0161irok\u00fa osvetov\u00fa pr\u00e1cu.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dne\u0161n\u011b meteorologick\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium vedie Vojtech \u0160u\u0161k\u00e1, ktor\u00fd na toto miesto nast\u00fapil hned po osloboden\u00ed, teda v lete roku 1945. Z\u00e1sluhou jeho svedomitej a poct\u00edvej pr\u00e1ce z\u00edskali sme p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u00fadaje o priebehu po\u010dasia za dal\u0161\u00edch 26 rokov. S\u00fadruh \u0160u\u0161k\u00e1 pat\u0159\u00ed k prv\u00fdm zamestnancom n\u00e1\u0161ho \u00fastavu a po cel\u00fd svoj \u017eivot v\u017edy ochotn\u00e9, zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 a precizn\u011b plnil \u00falohy, ktor\u00e9 mu boli zveren\u00e9 a ktor\u00e9 bolo t\u0159eba splnit&#8217;, i ked nespadali do jeho pracovnej n\u00e1pln\u011b. Pri p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti jubilea za z\u00e1sluhy o rozvoj meteoro\u00adlogick\u00fdch pozorovan\u00ed v Hurbanove bolo mu ud\u011blen\u00e9 rezortn\u011b vyznamenanie \u201eBudovatel vodn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva&#8221;.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Hurbanovsk\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium je za\u0159\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 medzi z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pro\u00adfesion\u00e1ln\u011b poveternostn\u00e9 stanice; z\u00edsk\u00e1van\u00e9 \u00fadaje sl\u00fa\u017eia v\u0161eobecnej predpovednej slu\u017eb\u011b a k zabezpe\u010dovaniu leteckej dopravy. 100-ro\u010dn\u00fd rad pozorovan\u00ed n\u00e1m d\u00e1va k dispoz\u00edcii mili\u00f3ny \u010d\u00edseln\u00fdch \u00fadajov, ziskanie ktor\u00fdch vy\u017eiadalo mnoho l&#8217;udskej energie a pracovn\u00e9ho nad\u0161enia. Spracovanie t\u00fdchto \u00fadajov n\u00e1m poskytuje obraz o vlastnostiach podnebia nielen Hurbanova, ale charakteri\u00adzuje vlastnosti podnebia \u010dasti \u017ditn\u00e9ho ostrova v glob\u00e1lnom me\u00adradle strednej Eur\u00f3py, pre ktor\u00fa je poloha Hurbanova velmi v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e1. S klimatick\u00fdmi \u00fadajmi Hurbanova sa st\u0159et\u00e1me vo v\u0161et-k\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch a monografi\u00e1ch v\u011bnovan\u00fdch kl\u00edme va\u010d\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed. S\u00faborne spracovan\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky vydal HMU v ro\u00adku 1960 pod n\u00e1zvom: \u201eKlimatick\u00e9 pom\u011bry Hurbanova&#8221;. 100-ro\u010dn\u00fd rad pozorovan\u00ed poskytuje mo\u017enos\u0165 znovu presk\u00fama\u0165 nielen niektor\u00e9 z\u00e1konitosti kl\u00edmy, jej kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch i dlhodob\u00fdch zmien, z\u00edska\u0165 presnej\u0161ie \u00fadaje o vl\u00e1hov\u00fdch pomeroch p\u00f3dy p\u0159e pot\u0159eby polnohospod\u00e1rskej v\u00fdroby. Pracovn\u00edci klimatologie v\u011bnuj \u00fa spracovaniu t\u00fdchto \u00fadajov primeran\u00fa pozornos\u0165.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Meteorol\u00f3gia, podobn\u00e9 ako va\u010d\u0161ina ostatn\u00fdch pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch a tech\u00adnick\u00fdch vied, p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 v posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165ro\u010diach podstatn\u00e9 zm\u011bny. T\u00fdmto zm\u011bn\u00e1m zodpoved\u00e1 i organiza\u010dn\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara \u00fasta\u00advu. V s\u00favislosti s t\u00fdm Hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav buduje nov\u00e9 pracovisk\u00e1 ako napr. V\u00fdskumn\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 radarov\u00e9 st\u0159e\u00addisko, pracovisko pre p\u0159\u00edjem \u00fadajov z dru\u017e\u00edc, nov\u00e9 Aerologick\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium, Laborat\u00f3rium \u010distoty ovzdu\u0161ia, prech\u00e1dza na auto\u00admatick\u00e9 spracovanie \u00fadajov a objektivn\u011b anal\u00fdzy po\u010dasia. S\u00fa to pracovisk\u00e1 o n\u00e1plni ktor\u00fdch nemal dr. Konkoly ani p\u0159edstavy. V tejto s\u00favislosti t\u0159eba ch\u00e1pa\u0165 s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 poslanie i bud\u00faci v\u00fdvoj hurbanovsk\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho observat\u00f3ria. V perspekt\u00edvnom pl\u00e1ne \u00fastavu je Hurbanovo za\u0159\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 medzi z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 profesio\u00adn\u00e1ln\u011b stanice s nep\u0159etr\u017eitou prev\u00e1dzkou a so z\u00e1kladnou i \u0161peci\u00e1lnou pracovnou n\u00e1pl\u0148ou. Vybavenie stanice bude v s\u00falade s technic\u00adk\u00fdm pokrokom dopl\u0148ovan\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Literatura<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[1] Klimatick\u00e9 pom\u011bry Hurbanova \u2014 Monografia, redigoval \u0161. Pet\u00adrovi\u010d, HM\u00da Praha 1960<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[2] Kom\u00e1rom V\u00e1rmegye, Budapest, Orsz\u00e1gos monografia t\u00e1rsas\u00e1g, 1900<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[3] Konkoly-Thege M. \u2014 Az \u00f3gyallai csillagda \u00e9s a magy. kir. meteorol\u00f3giai k\u00f3zponti\u00a0 obszervat\u00f3rium fejl\u00f3d\u00e9se 1871-t\u00f3lmostan\u00e1ig. Idoj\u00e1r\u00e1s, r. 1898, \u010d. 1, Budapest.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[4] Konkoly-Thege M. \u2014 N\u00e9h\u00e1ny ki\u010ffoldi meteorol\u00f3giai obszervat\u00f3riumr\u00f3l kul\u00f3n\u00f3s tekintettel az \u00d3gyall\u00e1n \u00e9p\u00falendo magy. kir. meteorol\u00f3giai k\u00f3zponti obszervat\u00f3riumra, Idoj\u00e1r\u00e1s, r. 1899, \u010d. 3, Budapest.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[5] Konkoly-Thege M. \u2014 tlnnepi eml\u00e9k \u2014 k\u00f3nyv az \u00f3gyallai magy. kir. orsz\u00e1gos meteorol\u00f3giai \u00e9s f\u00f3ldm\u00e1gness\u00e9gi obszer\u00advat\u00f3rium \u00fannep\u00e9lyes avat\u00e1sa alkalm\u00e1b\u00f3l, Budapest 1900.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[6] Zborn\u00edk: 50 rokov \u0160t\u00e1tn\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho a geofyzik\u00e1lne\u00adho observat\u00f3ria v Hurbanove (Starej \u010eale), Bratislava, 1950.<\/span><\/p><\/div><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Ferdinand \u0160amaj, MZ 1972\/2-3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 25, str. 36-40<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Storo\u010dn\u00e9 jubileum v\u00fdskumnej \u010dinnosti je medzn\u00edkom, pri ktorom sa t\u0159eba zastavit&#8217;, zrekapitulovat doteraz rykonan\u00fa pr\u00e1cu, dosiahnut\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky a na\u010drtn\u00fa\u0165 program do bud\u00facnosti. V\u00fdvoj vedy zaznamenal v posledn\u00fdch lesa\u0165ro\u010diach mimoriadny pokrok. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9393","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9393"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9401,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9393\/revisions\/9401"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}