{"id":9350,"date":"2024-12-25T19:17:15","date_gmt":"2024-12-25T18:17:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=9350"},"modified":"2024-12-25T19:19:33","modified_gmt":"2024-12-25T18:19:33","slug":"30-let-doksan","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/30-let-doksan\/","title":{"rendered":"30 LET DOKSAN"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"9350\" class=\"elementor elementor-9350\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bda623d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bda623d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55e51ff\" data-id=\"55e51ff\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18152d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18152d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159ed t\u0159iceti lety, v prosinci 1950, zah\u00e1jila svou \u010dinnost zem\u011bd\u011blsko-meteorologick\u00e1 observato\u0159 v Doksaneeh na Lito\u00adm\u011b\u0159icku. Prvn\u00edm pozorovatelem a sou\u010dasn\u011b spr\u00e1vcem stanice byl Jind\u0159ich Pasty\u0159\u00edk a b\u011bhem necel\u00e9ho roku ji\u017e na observato\u0159i za\u010dali pracovat \u010dty\u0159i zam\u011bstnanci.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 1952 se stal vedouc\u00edm observato\u0159e Karel Pejml, kter\u00fd na pracovi\u0161ti p\u016fsobil 26 let. O t\u0159i roky pozd\u011bji nastoupil na doksansk\u00e9m pracovi\u0161ti V\u00e1clav Havl\u00edk, kter\u00fd se po odchodu K. Pejmla do d\u016fchodu stal vedouc\u00edm pracovi\u0161t\u011b a pracuje tam dodnes.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">O postaven\u00ed observato\u0159e pro agrometeorologii v bl\u00edzkosti Doksan se rozhodlo po jedn\u00e1n\u00ed mezi ministerstvem dopravy, kam tehdy St\u00e1tn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav resortn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161el, a ministrem zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed. Inici\u00e1tory v\u00fdstavby byli \u00fastavn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci, dr. Min\u00e1\u0159 a ing. Lenner. Agrometeorologiek\u00e1 observato\u0159 m\u011bla b\u00fdt \u00fazce napojena na pr\u00e1ce v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd tehdy p\u016fsobil v objektech doksansk\u00e9ho kl\u00e1\u0161tera a na pozemc\u00edch b\u00fdval\u00e9ho panstv\u00ed Ernthal\u016f. Volba m\u00edsta pro agrometeorologick\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b v oblasti s vysoce intenz\u00edvn\u00edm zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00edm, v t\u011bsn\u00e9 bl\u00edzkosti praco\u00advi\u0161t\u011b zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu a s dobr\u00fdm dopravn\u00edm spojen\u00edm s Prahou byla nesporn\u011b v\u00fdsledkem pe\u010dliv\u00e9 \u00favahy. Bohu\u017eel, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159echod doksansk\u00e9ho statku na vysloven\u011b v\u00fdrobn\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fd z\u00e1vod na ur\u010ditou dobu velmi citeln\u011b naru\u0161il p\u016fvodn\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bry budovatel\u016f. Av\u0161ak i ve zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00fdch podm\u00edn\u00adk\u00e1ch se na\u0161lo nem\u00e1lo p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pro odbornou meteorolo\u00adgickou pr\u00e1ci, jej\u00ed\u017e v\u00fdsledky by skute\u010dn\u011b pom\u00e1haly na\u0161emu zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed. A tyto mo\u017enosti pracovi\u0161t\u011b tak\u00e9 pln\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvalo, je mo\u017eno \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee dnes proklamovan\u00e1 z\u00e1sada o spojen\u00ed v\u011bdy s v\u00fdrobou a dne\u0161n\u00ed krit\u00e9ria efektivnosti v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 a v\u011bdeck\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce platily v Doksaneeh v\u017edy.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Do roku 1952 se \u010dinnost observato\u0159e omezovala jen na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 a agrometeorologiek\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozo\u00adrov\u00e1n\u00ed. V roce 1952 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 observato\u0159 \u0159e\u0161it prvn\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd \u00fakol, a to \u201eMikroklima porostu ozim\u00e9ho \u017eita se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na v\u00fdskyt n\u00e1melu&#8221;. Tento \u00fakol v d\u016fsledku zru\u0161en\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9\u00adho v\u00fdzkumu nebyl bohu\u017eel do\u0159e\u0161en, kontakty na zem\u011bd\u011blskou v\u00fdrobu v\u0161ak ji\u017e byly nav\u00e1zan\u00fd a v nich se pokra\u010dovalo.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Del\u0161\u00ed dobu se na pracovi\u0161ti \u0159e\u0161il \u00fakol \u201eMikroklima brambo\u00adrov\u00e9ho porostu&#8221;. Z\u00edskan\u00e9 vztahy mezi teplotn\u00edmi a vlhkostn\u00ed\u00admi pom\u011bry v bramborov\u00e9m porostu a v meteorologick\u00e9 budce byly pak vyu\u017eity p\u0159i vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed metody signalizace v\u00fdskytu a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pl\u00edsn\u011b bramborov\u00e9. Sou\u010dasn\u011b s \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm tohoto \u00fakolu prob\u00edhalo ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed existuj\u00edc\u00edch metod signalizace fytoftory a pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159itom se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dnou z existu\u00adj\u00edc\u00edch metod nelze pou\u017e\u00edt a \u017ee se mus\u00ed p\u0159ipravit nov\u00e1 metoda.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Velkou pozornost v\u011bnovali na pracovi\u0161ti ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed metod p\u0159edpov\u011bdi no\u010dn\u00edch minim teploty vzduchu. Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 metoda (Berljand) se uk\u00e1zala jako nejl\u00e9pe aplikovateln\u00e1 v na\u0161ich pod\u00adm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, i u n\u00ed v\u0161ak bylo nutno zav\u00e9st n\u011bkter\u00e9 empirick\u00e9 korekce.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z drobn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch prac\u00ed konce pades\u00e1t\u00fdch let stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku agrometeorologick\u00fd pr\u016fzkum bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho okol\u00ed ur\u010den\u00fd pro pro\u00adjekt velk\u00e9ho ovocn\u00e9ho sadu, pr\u00e1ce t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdskytu a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mandelinky bramborov\u00e9 a v\u00fdskytu houbov\u00e9 choroby \u0159epy cukrov\u00e9 v z\u00e1vislosti na klimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Pro v\u00fdz\u00adkumn\u00fd \u00fastav obiln\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd zde zpracovali podklady o v\u00fdskytu padl\u00ed jarn\u00edho je\u010dmene atp.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po\u010d\u00e1tkem \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch let byla nav\u00e1zan\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce s V\u00fd\u00adzkumn\u00fdm \u00fastavem chmela\u0159sk\u00fdm v \u017datci, kter\u00e1 trv\u00e1 dodnes a kter\u00e1 p\u0159inesla cenn\u00e9 poznatky pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed chmele. V jej\u00edm r\u00e1mci byla z\u0159\u00edzena s\u00ed\u0165 \u00fa\u010delov\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch stanic v prostorech chmelnic, kter\u00e1 je metodicky \u0159\u00edzena doksansk\u00fdm pracovi\u0161t\u011bm, kde tak\u00e9 reviduj\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00fdkazy m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Spole\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce se t\u00fdkaly vlivu klimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek na jakost \u017eateck\u00e9ho chmele, mikroklimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek ve chmelnic\u00edch i ot\u00e1zek signalizace a progn\u00f3zy v\u00fdskytu peronospory chmelov\u00e9. Zejm\u00e9na posledn\u011b zmi\u0148ovan\u00fd \u00fakol \u2014 metoda progn\u00f3zy v\u00fdskytu a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed peronospory \u2014 na\u00ad\u0161el velkou praktickou odezvu. Metoda byla velmi podrobn\u011b ov\u011b\u0159ena a dnes je pln\u011b v praxi vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Od 70. let tvo\u0159\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st pr\u00e1ce doksansk\u00e9 stanice informace pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed velkoplo\u0161n\u00fdch z\u00e1vlah. Po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b \u017eiveln\u00e9ho vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed velmi n\u00e1kladn\u00fdch z\u00e1vlahov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f se toti\u017e uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee takov\u00e1 investice ji\u017e nesporn\u011b vy\u017eaduje v\u011bdeck\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Proto se z doksansk\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed informace o teplot\u00e1ch a sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch v Doksanech a na stanic\u00edch \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed postihnout \u00fazemn\u00ed variabilitu sr\u00e1\u017eek. Ve spolupr\u00e1ci Okresn\u00edho meliora\u010dn\u00edho dru\u017estva a Okresn\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy s V\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm \u00fastavem z\u00e1kladn\u00ed agrotechniky v Hru\u0161ovanech u Brna vznikl z\u00e1vlahov\u00fd dispe\u00ad\u010dink \u2014 doksansk\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b poskytuje pro dispe\u010dink meteo\u00adrologick\u00e9 \u00fadaje a ty potom po zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed v Brn\u011b jsou vyu\u017e\u00ed\u00adv\u00e1ny pro stanoven\u00ed d\u00e1vek z\u00e1vlah v soustav\u00e1ch Vltava VII, Vltava VIII a Oh\u0159e II. Z\u00e1vlahov\u00e9 d\u00e1vky jsou po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pro jednotliv\u00e9 plodiny a zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 z\u00e1vody dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed z Okres\u00adn\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 pokyny pro optimalizaci d\u00e1vek.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po dobr\u00fdch zku\u0161enostech za\u010daly \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed slo\u017eky zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby doce\u0148ovat pr\u00e1ci a v\u00fdznam doksansk\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b. Okresn\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 spr\u00e1va v Litom\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila spolupr\u00e1ci s doksansk\u00fdm pracovi\u0161t\u011bm, kter\u00e1 vedla k vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b pro pot\u0159eby OZS. Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 spr\u00e1va tak dost\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010derstv\u00e9 informace z n\u011bkolika meteorologick\u00fdch stanic na Litom\u011b\u0159icku, informace, kter\u00e9 se pochopiteln\u011b sv\u00fdm obsahem r\u016fzn\u00ed podle ro\u010dn\u00ed doby a tedy podle pot\u0159eb \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 velkov\u00fdroby.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V uplynul\u00fdch t\u0159iceti letech se na doksansk\u00e9m pracovi\u0161ti ud\u011blalo nem\u00e1lo poctiv\u00e9 a u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce. V\u00fdsledky z doksan\u00adsk\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b jsou st\u00e1le bezprost\u0159edn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v zem\u011b\u00add\u011blsk\u00e9 praxi a n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich jsou respektov\u00e1ny i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Zejm\u00e9na metody p\u0159edpov\u011bdi, a\u0165 u\u017e pl\u00edsn\u011b bramborov\u00e9 nebo peronospory chmelov\u00e9 a jejich vysok\u00e1 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost v praxi, podn\u011bcuj\u00ed k n\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u0161echny dlouhodob\u00e9 progn\u00f3zy, a\u0165 ji\u017e d\u011blan\u00e9 u n\u00e1s, v r\u00e1mci RVHP \u010di v m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace, uka\u00adzuj\u00ed, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159i zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby bude hr\u00e1t meteorologie st\u00e1le v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00falohu. S prohlubov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u011b\u00addeckotechnick\u00e9 revoluce, se zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby budou kladeny na meteorologii nov\u00e9 a n\u00e1\u00adro\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky. Tedy i na doksansk\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b bude \u010dekat nemal\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce. Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed vztahy soudru\u017esk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce s okoln\u00edmi zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi z\u00e1vody, \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edmi org\u00e1ny a v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdmi \u00fastavy, dnes u\u017e tradi\u010dn\u011b konstruktivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup pracovi\u0161t\u011b k \u00fakol\u016fm, kter\u00e9 najdou bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed odezvu ve v\u00fdrob\u011b, i z\u00e1\u00adjem pracovn\u00edk\u016f o dal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj pracovi\u0161t\u011b, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed p\u0159edpokla\u00addy k tomu, aby n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fakoly p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch let byly kvalitn\u011b spln\u011bny.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Bed\u0159ich B\u00f6hm \u2014 V\u00e1clav Havl\u00edk, MZ 1981\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 34, str. 61<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159ed t\u0159iceti lety, v prosinci 1950, zah\u00e1jila svou \u010dinnost zem\u011bd\u011blsko-meteorologick\u00e1 observato\u0159 v Doksaneeh na Lito\u00adm\u011b\u0159icku. Prvn\u00edm pozorovatelem a sou\u010dasn\u011b spr\u00e1vcem stanice byl Jind\u0159ich Pasty\u0159\u00edk a b\u011bhem necel\u00e9ho roku ji\u017e na [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9350","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9350"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9350\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9355,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9350\/revisions\/9355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}