{"id":9342,"date":"2024-12-25T19:10:43","date_gmt":"2024-12-25T18:10:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=9342"},"modified":"2024-12-25T19:11:32","modified_gmt":"2024-12-25T18:11:32","slug":"30-let-meteorologicke-observatore-chmu-v-hradci-kralove","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/30-let-meteorologicke-observatore-chmu-v-hradci-kralove\/","title":{"rendered":"30 LET METEOROLOGICK\u00c9 OBSERVATO\u0158E \u010cHM\u00da V HRADCI KR\u00c1LOV\u00c9"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"9342\" class=\"elementor elementor-9342\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1b7d3dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1b7d3dd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b04dc6c\" data-id=\"b04dc6c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ad8fae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ad8fae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V polovin\u011b roku 1981 dovr\u0161ila meteorologick\u00e1 observato\u0159, dnes experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b \u010cHM\u00da v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, 30 let sv\u00e9ho trv\u00e1n\u00ed. Toto specializovan\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b vzniklo p\u016fvodn\u011b jako sou\u010d\u00e1st projektovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho bioklimatologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, kter\u00fd se m\u011bl zab\u00fdvat studiem vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed na nemocn\u00e9ho i zdrav\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. Inici\u00e1torem tohoto projektu byla v on\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 hradeck\u00e1 osobnost MUDr. Jaroslav Brychta, jen\u017e m\u011bl v tomto sm\u011bru v\u00fdznamnou podporu u tehdej\u0161\u00edho \u0159editele St\u00e1tn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu doc. dr. A. Gregora. Tato propagovan\u00e1 idea, jak se brzy uk\u00e1zalo, p\u0159edb\u011bhla p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 svoji dobu a i p\u0159es postavenou velkolepou budovu nena\u0161la se instituce, kter\u00e1 by se ujala realizace t\u00e9to my\u0161lenky do v\u0161ech d\u016fsledk\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">St\u00e1tn\u00edm meteorologick\u00fdm \u00fastavem z\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b, jeho\u017e veden\u00edm byl pov\u011b\u0159en dr. Jaroslav Plcha, bylo proto nuceno vyv\u00edjet samostatnou \u010dinnost. Po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed bylo p\u0159irozen\u011b poznamen\u00e1no programovou neucelenost\u00ed, av\u0161ak za kr\u00e1tkou dobu bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed obser\u00advato\u0159e bude mo\u017en\u00e9 realizovat p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na \u00faseku radiace.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V t\u00e9to dob\u011b byly m\u00edstn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky je\u0161t\u011b mimo\u00ad\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b vhodn\u00e9. Observato\u0159 byla postupn\u011b vybavena modern\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstrojovou technikou, kter\u00e1 umo\u017enila prov\u00e1d\u011bt speci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, tak\u017ee do dne\u0161n\u00ed doby byla z\u00edsk\u00e1na nejdel\u0161\u00ed souvisl\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u0161ech slo\u017eek radia\u010dn\u00ed bilance v \u010cSSR.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V letech 1957\u20141959 se observato\u0159 zapojuje do velk\u00e9 mezi\u00adn\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 akce Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho roku a Roku spolupr\u00e1ce. Radia\u010dn\u00ed program se roz\u0161i\u0159uje o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edho oz\u00f3nu chemickou cestou. Ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed oz\u00f3nu v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v r. 1961 optick\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem pomoc\u00ed Dobsonova spektrofotometru a t\u00edmto pro\u00adgramem se observato\u0159 pod\u00edl\u00ed na dal\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed akci Mezi\u00adn\u00e1rodn\u00edm roku klidn\u00e9ho Slunce v letech 1964\u20141965, jako jedin\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b v \u010cSSR.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ve st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e se pracovn\u00ed n\u00e1pl\u0148 zam\u011b\u0159uje na v\u00fdzkum\u00adnou radia\u010dn\u00ed a oz\u00f3novou problematiku. Ji\u017e na sam\u00e9m po\u010d\u00e1tku bylo zapot\u0159eb\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it n\u011bkter\u00e9 nejasnosti kolem n\u00e1rodn\u00edho radia\u010dn\u00edho standardu \u2014 Angstr\u00f3mova pyrheliometru, co\u017e se po n\u011bkolikr\u00e1te opakovan\u00e9m mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm srovn\u00e1n\u00ed poda\u0159ilo, tak\u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00e1 radia\u010dn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed jsou jednotn\u00e1, mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b srovnateln\u00e1 a t\u0159icetilet\u00e1 \u0159ada glob\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, jedin\u00e1 v \u010cSSR, zcela homogenn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky byly d\u016fvodem k zaveden\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed oz\u00f3nu optickou cestou, co\u017e bylo v dob\u011b, kdy m\u00e1lokdo tu\u0161il, \u017ee studium oz\u00f3nu se stane jedn\u00edm ze st\u011b\u017eejn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f sou\u010dasn\u00e9 meteorologie, ba \u017ee jeho v\u00fdznam daleko p\u0159es\u00e1hne tento r\u00e1mec. Dvacetilet\u00e1 \u0159ada t\u011bchto \u00fadaj\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed vedle \u0159ady z Arosy k nejdel\u0161\u00edm ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b Tento materi\u00e1l byl ji\u017e n\u011bkolikr\u00e1te podkladem dom\u00e1\u00adc\u00edch i zahrani\u010dn\u00edch studi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nal\u00e9hav\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na informace o vertik\u00e1ln\u00edm rozlo\u017een\u00ed oz\u00f3nu a opakovan\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace na \u010dlensk\u00e9 zem\u011b, aby takov\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bly, podn\u00edtily pra\u00adcovn\u00edky observato\u0159e, aby se tak\u00e9 touto problematikou zab\u00fd\u00advali. I kdy\u017e je to z\u00e1le\u017eitost mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b komplikovan\u00e1, poda\u00ad\u0159ilo se ji v pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b roz\u0159e\u0161it a ve spolupr\u00e1ci s aerologickou observato\u0159\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da v Praze-Libu\u0161i zav\u00e9st oz\u00f3nosond\u00e1\u017ee do pravideln\u00e9ho provozu.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Observato\u0159 zast\u00e1v\u00e1 prakticky funkci N\u00e1rodn\u00edho radia\u010dn\u00edho centra se v\u0161emi povinnostmi, je\u017e z toho vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed, jmenovit\u011b na \u00faseku kalibrace radia\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f. T\u00e9to mo\u017enosti vy\u00adu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e mnoho instituc\u00ed, je\u017e se z n\u011bjak\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 radia\u010dn\u00ed \u00fadaje se nejen pe\u010dliv\u011b archivuj\u00ed, ale jsou k dispozici jak vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edm, tak zahrani\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1jemc\u016fm, jmenovit\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dvoum\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho bulletinu, kter\u00fd obsahuje pro ka\u017ed\u00fd den sou\u010dty jednotliv\u00fdch slo\u017eek radia\u010dn\u00ed bilance.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Observato\u0159 spolupracovala nebo spolupracuje s \u0159adou v\u00fd\u00adzkumn\u00fdch a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch instituc\u00ed, je\u017e \u0159e\u0161\u00ed \u00fakoly v\u00fdznam\u00adn\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho charakteru a poskytuje jim nam\u011b\u00ad\u0159en\u00fd materi\u00e1l, v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b nej\u010dast\u011bji radia\u010dn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nelze se nezm\u00ednit i o dobr\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed \u00farovni, jmenovit\u011b s odborn\u00edky pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eby v NDR, nap\u0159\u00edklad v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch kalibrace absolutn\u00edch radiometr\u016f a p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed v oblasti B ultrafialov\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho spektra. Osv\u011bd\u010dila se spolupr\u00e1ce v m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edho oz\u00f3nu s obser\u00advato\u0159\u00ed ve Wahnsdorfu a v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 kooperace v m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed oz\u00f3nu Dobsonov\u00fdm spektrofotometrem dala podn\u011bt k v\u016fbec prvn\u00edmu mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu srovn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f ji\u017e v roce 1969. Vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 konzultace v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch oz\u00f3nosond\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bly ke zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v obou zem\u00edch.<\/span><\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">B\u011bhem t\u0159icetilet\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed byla na p\u016fd\u011b observato\u0159e vy\u00adpracov\u00e1na \u0159ada studi\u00ed a pr\u00e1ci z oboru radiace a oz\u00f3nometrie, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e9 byly publikov\u00e1ny s dobrou odezvou i v za\u00adhrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Hradeck\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b bylo pro mnoh\u00e9 pracovn\u00edky vstupn\u00ed branou do jin\u00fdch pracovi\u0161\u0165 \u00fastavu. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed zde pracovali ji\u017e jako vysoko\u0161kol\u0161t\u00ed studenti nebo odborn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu. Pou\u017e\u00edvali napozorovan\u00fd materi\u00e1l k diplomov\u00fdm prac\u00edm nebo jin\u00fdm v\u011bdeck\u00fdm studi\u00edm.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Vedle uveden\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 n\u00e1pln\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bla se tak\u00e9 po celou dobu z\u00e1kladn\u00ed klimatick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak\u017ee stanice m\u00e1 nyn\u00ed ji\u017e sekul\u00e1rn\u00ed charakter. Pracovi\u0161t\u011b poskytovalo ve\u0159ejnosti pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed informace v\u0161eho druhu a pod\u00edlelo se tak v \u0161irok\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e na zabezpe\u010den\u00ed pot\u0159eb n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed ve V\u00fd\u00adchodo\u010desk\u00e9m kraji.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159i hodnoceni \u010dinnosti observato\u0159e v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 nutno m\u00edt na z\u0159eteli, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o mal\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b s mal\u00fdm po\u010dtem pracovn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017eili st\u00e1le dr\u017eet krok se sv\u011btov\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem v z\u00e1jmu dobr\u00e9 reprezentace \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeoro\u00adlogick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu a \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologie.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Jaroslav P\u00edcha, MZ 1981\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 34, str. 191-192<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V polovin\u011b roku 1981 dovr\u0161ila meteorologick\u00e1 observato\u0159, dnes experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b \u010cHM\u00da v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, 30 let sv\u00e9ho trv\u00e1n\u00ed. Toto specializovan\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b vzniklo p\u016fvodn\u011b jako sou\u010d\u00e1st projektovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho bioklimatologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, kter\u00fd [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9342","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9342","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9342"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9342\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9346,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9342\/revisions\/9346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9342"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}