{"id":8891,"date":"2024-12-16T12:34:47","date_gmt":"2024-12-16T11:34:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=8891"},"modified":"2025-01-22T18:55:47","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T17:55:47","slug":"udalosti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/udalosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Meteorologick\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"8891\" class=\"elementor elementor-8891\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a96418a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a96418a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-51c9eb3\" data-id=\"51c9eb3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52bb735 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"52bb735\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eed559d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eed559d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-572383d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"572383d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d14945f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d14945f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b381bb8\" data-id=\"b381bb8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce355f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ce355f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12ee10d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"12ee10d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a81502e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a81502e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1bf5e58 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1bf5e58\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-49f54d6\" data-id=\"49f54d6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30dd6ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"30dd6ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5867324 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5867324\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89f3ffc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"89f3ffc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c95a644 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c95a644\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5355f44\" data-id=\"5355f44\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b716285 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b716285\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab75649 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ab75649\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f2d664 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f2d664\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a932d4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a932d4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a279966\" data-id=\"a279966\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcd3322 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fcd3322\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-819e45b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"819e45b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56eb765 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56eb765\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6cc726a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6cc726a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-948f6f1\" data-id=\"948f6f1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3512439 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3512439\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68934b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"68934b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-316dbad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"316dbad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ca1cb58 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ca1cb58\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-738279f\" data-id=\"738279f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-332b131 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"332b131\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2781c8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2781c8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-498548b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"498548b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e104657 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e104657\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b9c4335\" data-id=\"b9c4335\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5eb83a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e5eb83a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f949b9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f949b9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159echod na nov\u00fd klimatick\u00fd norm\u00e1l 1991\u20132020<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25a49a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25a49a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Vzhledem k\u00a0ukon\u010den\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho t\u0159icetilet\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed na nov\u00fd klimatick\u00fd norm\u00e1l 1991\u20132020.<\/strong>\u00a0P\u0159echod je opo\u017ed\u011bn z\u00a0d\u016fvodu nutn\u00fdch a\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edprav stani\u010dn\u00edch dat pro v\u00fdpo\u010det nov\u00fdch norm\u00e1l\u016f. Pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed zde pat\u0159\u00ed v\u0161em koleg\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se na t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b pod\u00edleli zejm\u00e9na koleg\u016fm z\u00a0Odd\u011blen\u00ed meteorologie a\u00a0klimatologie pobo\u010dky Brno.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pro hodnocen\u00ed dan\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed z\u00a0klimatologick\u00e9ho hlediska \u010di pro popis pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdch hodnot klimatick\u00fdch prvk\u016f v\u00a0dan\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b jsou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny klimatick\u00e9 norm\u00e1ly. Standardn\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 norm\u00e1ly dle Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace (WMO, z\u00a0angl. World Meteorological Organization) jsou po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny jako 30let\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011bry z\u00a0homogenizovan\u00fdch a\u00a0dopln\u011bn\u00fdch \u0159ad klimatick\u00fdch prvk\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dle doporu\u010den\u00ed WMO byly d\u0159\u00edve tyto norm\u00e1ly aktualizov\u00e1ny ka\u017ed\u00fdch 30 let. S ohledem na rychle prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu WMO v\u00a0\u010dervnu 2015 resoluc\u00ed Resolution 4.1(4)\/2 (Cg-17) nov\u011b doporu\u010dilo prov\u00e1d\u011bt klimatologick\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho obdob\u00ed vzhledem k\u00a0nejbl\u00ed\u017ee skon\u010den\u00e9mu t\u0159icetilet\u00ed. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto doporu\u010den\u00ed bylo pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 norm\u00e1lov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed 1961\u20131990 nahrazeno obdob\u00edm 1981\u20132010. Toto norm\u00e1lov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed bylo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no do sou\u010dasnosti a\u017e do p\u0159\u00edpravy nov\u00fdch norm\u00e1l\u016f 1991\u20132020. Norm\u00e1l 1961\u20131990 dle doporu\u010den\u00ed WMO z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 platn\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtkem pro hodnocen\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch zm\u011bn klimatu.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Za \u00fa\u010delem v\u00fdpo\u010dtu hodnot nov\u00fdch norm\u00e1l\u016f jsou na \u010cHM\u00da p\u0159ipravov\u00e1ny technick\u00e9 \u0159ady (tj. \u0159ady m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed homogenizovan\u00e9 a\u00a0dopln\u011bn\u00e9 o\u00a0chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed hodnoty) jednotliv\u00fdch klimatologick\u00fdch prvk\u016f. Technick\u00e9 \u0159ady jsou zat\u00edm p\u0159ipraveny pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 prvky teplota vzduchu a\u00a0sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 \u00fahrny v\u00a0lokalit\u00e1ch vybran\u00fdch stanic s\u00a0dostate\u010dn\u011b dlouhou \u0159adou pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edprava technick\u00fdch \u0159ad dal\u0161\u00edch prvk\u016f prozat\u00edm nen\u00ed dokon\u010dena.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Napo\u010dten\u00e9 technick\u00e9 \u0159ady byly vyu\u017eity pro v\u00fdpo\u010det \u00fazemn\u00edch norm\u00e1l\u016f 1991\u20132020 (tj. norm\u00e1l\u016f pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky a\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u016f) pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teploty vzduchu a\u00a0sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch \u00fahrn\u016f. Prostorov\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011bry byly p\u0159ipraveny b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi interpola\u010dn\u00edmi metodami pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi v\u00a0\u010cHM\u00da v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed GIS.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>P\u0159esto\u017ee dosud u\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 norm\u00e1lov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed 1981\u20132010 a\u00a0nov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed 1991\u20132020 se 20 let p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed, je u\u00a0teploty vzduchu dob\u0159e patrn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst.\u00a0<\/strong>Norm\u00e1l pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed teploty vzduchu za obdob\u00ed 1991\u20132020 pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR (8,3 \u00b0C) je o\u00a00,4\u00a0\u00b0C vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e norm\u00e1l 1981\u20132010 (7,9 \u00b0C). V jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u00edch \u010din\u00ed zm\u011bna ro\u010dn\u00edho norm\u00e1lu teploty vzduchu v\u011bt\u0161inou 0,4\u20130,5\u00a0\u00b0C. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f se pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 teplota na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR zv\u00fd\u0161ila o\u00a00,5\u20130,7 \u00b0C. Men\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bna nastala v\u00a0jarn\u00edch a\u00a0podzimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch b\u0159ezen, kv\u011bten, z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159\u00edjen. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst teploty vzduchu v\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu je pozorov\u00e1n dlouhodob\u011b. V \u0159ad\u011b \u00fazemn\u00edch teplot za obdob\u00ed 1961\u20132020 vykazuj\u00ed statisticky nev\u00fdznamn\u00fd trend n\u00e1r\u016fstu m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 0,2\u00a0\u00b0C za 10 let.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Norm\u00e1l ro\u010dn\u00edho \u00fahrnu sr\u00e1\u017eek na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR a\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u016f se t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezm\u011bnil v\u016f\u010di norm\u00e1lu 1981\u20132010.\u00a0<\/strong>Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b kraj\u016f norm\u00e1l 1991\u20132020 p\u0159edstavuje 98\u2013102 % norm\u00e1lu 1981\u20132010. O n\u011bco znateln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nastalo pouze v\u00a0Libereck\u00e9m a\u00a0Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9hradeck\u00e9m kraji (o 4\u20135 % v\u016f\u010di norm\u00e1lu 1981\u20132020). Rozd\u00edly v\u0161ak pozorujeme v\u00a0rozlo\u017een\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku. Sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fd norm\u00e1l 1991\u20132020 pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR je o\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 5 % ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed oproti norm\u00e1lu 1981\u20132010 v\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch duben, listopad a\u00a0prosinec. Naopak v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho \u00fahrnu sr\u00e1\u017eek nastal v\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edci \u0159\u00edjen a\u00a0u\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00a0kraj\u016f tak\u00e9 v\u00a0\u010dervnu a\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. M\u011bs\u00edcem s\u00a0nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdm \u00fahrnem sr\u00e1\u017eek na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR a\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b kraj\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fanor, v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch kraj\u00edch p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0severn\u00ed polovin\u011b \u010cech se v\u0161ak minimum sr\u00e1\u017eek v\u00a0ro\u010dn\u00edm chodu vyskytuje v\u00a0dubnu. M\u011bs\u00edcem s\u00a0nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdm \u00fahrnem sr\u00e1\u017eek z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ve v\u0161ech kraj\u00edch \u010dervenec.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kompletn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek s p\u0159\u00edlohami a diskus\u00ed na:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.infomet.cz\/index.php?id=read&amp;idd=1643815773\">http:\/\/www.infomet.cz\/index.php?id=read&amp;idd=1643815773<\/a><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Lenka Crhov\u00e1, Infomet 2.2.2022<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a260ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a260ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f795b6f\" data-id=\"f795b6f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e585b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e585b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8031b0d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8031b0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ocen\u011bn\u00ed stanic s v\u00edce ne\u017e 100letou \u0159adou pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d831e28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d831e28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na meteorologick\u00fdch a klimatologick\u00fdch stanic\u00edch je z\u00e1slu\u017en\u00e1 \u010dinnost, kter\u00e1 je \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, vy\u017eaduje pe\u010dlivost, trp\u011blivost a vytrvalost. Pozorovatel\u00e9 na meteorologick\u00fdch a klimatologick\u00fdch stanic\u00edch jsou ti, kte\u0159\u00ed nejsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vid\u011bt, av\u0161ak p\u0159\u00ednos jejich pr\u00e1ce je nevy\u010d\u00edsliteln\u00fd. V\u00fdsledkem jejich \u010dinnosti jsou \u0159ady meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou cenn\u00e1 nejen pro klimatologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, ale jsou rovn\u011b\u017e sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed n\u00e1roda.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pro ocen\u011bn\u00ed a podporu udr\u017een\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na stanic\u00edch s\u00a0dlouhou \u0159adou m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed Sv\u011btov\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 organizace (WMO) za\u0159azuje stanice s d\u00e9lkou \u0159ady m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed 100 a v\u00edce let spl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed krit\u00e9ria stanoven\u00e1 WMO mezi tzv. Centennial Observing Stations a ud\u011bluje jim certifik\u00e1t. T\u00edmto certifik\u00e1tem se m\u016f\u017ee py\u0161nit 291 stanic na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b (Centennial Observing Stations World Meteorological Organization (wmo.int)). Od leto\u0161n\u00edho roku se mezi tyto stanice se \u0159ad\u00ed i 6 stanic le\u017e\u00edc\u00edch na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Stanice Opava a Praha-Klementinum z\u00edskaly certifik\u00e1t ji\u017e v roce 2017 a 2018, v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce k nim p\u0159ibyly stanice Klatovy, Mile\u0161ovka, \u0160umperk a P\u0159erov.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed informace ohledn\u011b pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na uveden\u00fdch stanic\u00edch lze naj\u00edt bu\u010f v monografi\u00edch, nebo v publikaci Br\u00e1zdil et al. (2012).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Literatura:<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">BR\u00c1ZDIL, R., B\u011aL\u00cdNOV\u00c1, M., DOBOROVOLN\u00dd, P., MIK\u0160OVSK\u00dd, J., PI\u0160OFT, P. et al., 2012. Temperature and Precipitation Fluctuations in the Czech Lands during the Instrumental Period. Brno: Masarykova Univerzita. ISBN 978-80-210-6052-4.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u010cHM\u00da, 1976. Meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v Praze \u2013 Klementinu I a II., Praha 1976. Praha: Hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">HLAV\u00c1\u010c, V., 1937. Tepeln\u00e9 pom\u011bry hl. m\u011bsta Prahy. Pra\u017esk\u00e9 studie geofysik\u00e1ln\u00ed VIII. Praha: Statn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad statistick\u00fd.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">HOST\u00ddNEK, J., 2014. Klimatologick\u00e1 stanice Klatovy, 100 let m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Praha: \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">SEYDL, O., 1952. Meteorologie na pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b a v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch v minulosti (1852\u20131839). Praha: Nakladatelstv\u00ed St\u00e1tn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">ZACHAROV, P., BLI\u017d\u0147\u00c1K, V., CHL\u00c1DOV\u00c1, Z., MAT\u00da\u0160EK, M., PE\u0160ICE, P. et al., 2015. Observato\u0159 Mile\u0161ovka. Edice: V\u011bda kolem n\u00e1s. Praha: St\u0159edisko spole\u010dn\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed AV \u010cR, v. v. i., pro \u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR, v. v. i.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Anna Valeri\u00e1nov\u00e1, MZ 2021\/6<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d64eed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d64eed\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a2a0fe\" data-id=\"0a2a0fe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72ca9ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"72ca9ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-993fbbc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"993fbbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Klimatologick\u00e1 ro\u010denka \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky 2020<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb4df24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb4df24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00dasek meteorologie a klimatologie \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu zve\u0159ej\u0148uje elektronickou publikaci \u201eKlimatologick\u00e1 ro\u010denka \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky 2020\u201d. Ro\u010denku naleznete v\u00a0odkazu zde\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/info.chmi.cz\/\">https:\/\/info.chmi.cz<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Klimatologick\u00e1 ro\u010denka za rok 2020 voln\u011b navazuje na ro\u010denky ovzdu\u0161n\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek a ro\u010denky pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly vyd\u00e1v\u00e1ny od 20. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed do roku 1978. Po v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159iceti letech tak obnovujeme tradici souhrnn\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u00edch klimatologick\u00fdch hodnocen\u00ed. Celorepublikov\u00e1 hodnocen\u00ed a ro\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ehledy jsou dopln\u011bny extr\u00e9my prvk\u016f dosa\u017een\u00fdmi v roce 2020 a b\u011bhem cel\u00e9 doby jejich sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, a to i pro jednotliv\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce a \u00fazem\u00ed kraj\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159edlo\u017een\u00e1 ro\u010denka p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch klimatologick\u00fdch charakteristik na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v roce 2020. Vyhodnocen\u00ed je provedeno na z\u00e1klad\u011b dat nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch v s\u00edti meteorologick\u00fdch, klimatologick\u00fdch a\u00a0sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fdch stanic ve spr\u00e1v\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu (\u010cHM\u00da), ale i dal\u0161\u00edch subjekt\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ro\u010denka je rozd\u011blena do 9 kapitol: \u00davod, Shrnut\u00ed\/Summary (\u010desky\/anglicky), Teplota vzduchu, Sr\u00e1\u017eky, Sn\u00edh, Slune\u010dn\u00ed svit a obla\u010dnost, V\u00edtr, Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 nebo mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 projevy po\u010das\u00ed, Fenologick\u00e9 charakteristiky a Stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Text ro\u010denky, v\u010detn\u011b grafick\u00fdch a vybran\u00fdch tabel\u00e1rn\u00edch podklad\u016f, lze st\u00e1hnout v\u00a0pdf form\u00e1tu. \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 publikov\u00e1n\u00ed ro\u010denky v\u00a0interaktivn\u00ed webov\u00e9 a v ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 verzi v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu ledna nebo \u00fanora 2022.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na str\u00e1nce\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/info.chmi.cz\/\">https:\/\/info.chmi.cz<\/a>\u00a0naleznete i klimatologickou ro\u010denku \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky za rok 2019, kterou jsme vytvo\u0159ili p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edci a slou\u017eila jako \u0161ablona pro tvorbu ro\u010denky 2020. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee i tato ro\u010denka byla zda\u0159ile zpracov\u00e1na, je tak\u00e9 publikov\u00e1na v\u00a0elektronick\u00e9 form\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z d\u016fvodu omezen\u00e9ho rozsahu, zejm\u00e9na ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 verze klimatologick\u00e9 ro\u010denky, nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 uv\u00e9st podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0p\u0159ehledn\u00e9 informace o stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edti, jak bylo zvykem uv\u00e1d\u011bt v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch typech meteorologick\u00fdch ro\u010denek.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Obsah jednotliv\u00fdch kapitol ve webov\u00e9 interaktivn\u00ed ro\u010dence 2019 je zaj\u00edmav\u011b a modern\u011b zpracov\u00e1n ve form\u011b text\u016f, map, tabulek a graf\u016f. Ve\u0161ker\u00fd obsah ro\u010denky si m\u016f\u017ee \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 st\u00e1hnout k\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmu vyu\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Grafy je mo\u017en\u00e9 si ulo\u017eit ve form\u00e1tech svg, png, nebo csv. U n\u011bkter\u00fdch graf\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt zoom, samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed je interaktivn\u00ed ode\u010det hodnot posunem po ose. Mapa se po kliknut\u00ed zv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a je mo\u017en\u00e9 ji st\u00e1hnout v\u00a0jpg form\u00e1tu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Hodnoty v tabulk\u00e1ch je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159adit dle vybran\u00e9ho sloupce. Prvn\u00edm kliknut\u00edm se \u0159\u00e1dky v tabulce se\u0159ad\u00ed vzestupn\u011b podle sloupce, jeho\u017e z\u00e1hlav\u00ed bylo kliknuto. Dal\u0161\u00edm kliknut\u00edm do z\u00e1hlav\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho sloupce doc\u00edl\u00edte sestupn\u00e9ho \u0159azen\u00ed.\u00a0 V\u00a0tabulk\u00e1ch je tak\u00e9 umo\u017en\u011bno filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed a hled\u00e1n\u00ed. Pod z\u00e1hlav\u00edm ka\u017ed\u00e9ho sloupce je dynamick\u00e9 textov\u00e9 pole, kam je mo\u017en\u00e9 zadat hledan\u00fd v\u00fdraz \u010di jeho \u010d\u00e1st. Filtry je mo\u017en\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemn\u011b kombinovat, tzn. filtrovat jeden sloupec nap\u0159. podle \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 hodnoty a ve vyfiltrovan\u00fdch \u0159\u00e1dc\u00edch d\u00e1le filtrovat podle jin\u00e9ho sloupce. Je tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dky filtrovat i na z\u00e1klad\u011b logick\u00fdch matematick\u00fdch operac\u00ed. Tabulky si lze st\u00e1hnout ve form\u00e1tech json, csv, xlsx a doc. V\u00fd\u0161e popsan\u00e9 funkce jsou bl\u00ed\u017ee uvedeny v\u00a0n\u00e1pov\u011bd\u011b tabulek.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pokud by \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e zaj\u00edmaly podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed informace o meteorologick\u00e9 stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edti \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, tak je mo\u017en\u00e9 je nal\u00e9zt v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku kolektivu autor\u016f pod n\u00e1zvem Meteorologick\u00e1 stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 \u010cHM\u00da v roce 2020, kter\u00fd vy\u0161el v\u00a0\u010dasopise Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy \u010d\u00edslo 5\/2021 a je k\u00a0dispozici na str\u00e1nce \u010dasopisu:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chmi.cz\/files\/portal\/docs\/reditel\/SIS\/casmz\/assets\/2021\/MZ_05_2021.pdf\">https:\/\/www.chmi.cz\/files\/portal\/docs\/reditel\/SIS\/casmz\/assets\/2021\/MZ_05_2021.pdf<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Pavel Lipina a kol, MZ 2021\/6<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-908a708 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"908a708\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bc93e26\" data-id=\"bc93e26\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-158b367 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"158b367\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93366e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"93366e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Storo\u010dnica letiskovej meteorologickej stanice v Bratislave<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52c795a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"52c795a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"mb-2\"><strong>13.1.2022<\/strong>\u00a0|\u00a0<strong>KLIMATOL\u00d3GIA<\/strong>\u00a0| ANAL\u00ddZA | JOZEF PECHO, DALIBOR V\u00ddBER\u010cI, BRANISLAV CHV\u00cdLA<\/div><p>v\u00edce informac\u00ed:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.shmu.sk\/sk\/?page=2049&amp;id=1188\">https:\/\/www.shmu.sk\/sk\/?page=2049&amp;id=1188<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>SHM\u00da, 13.1.2022<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\" data-wplink-edit=\"true\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-19bca69 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"19bca69\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d4a846\" data-id=\"2d4a846\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4477fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e4477fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27df41d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"27df41d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">100 rokov od zalo\u017eenia meteorologickej stanice Ko\u0161ice-letisko<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e521404 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e521404\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"mb-2\"><strong>29.12.2021<\/strong>\u00a0|\u00a0<strong>KLIMATOL\u00d3GIA<\/strong>\u00a0| ANAL\u00ddZA | JOZEF PECHO, DALIBOR V\u00ddBER\u010cI<\/div><p>v\u00edce informac\u00ed:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.shmu.sk\/sk\/?page=2049&amp;id=1186\">https:\/\/www.shmu.sk\/sk\/?page=2049&amp;id=1186<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>SHM\u00da, 29.12.2021<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6998c4b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6998c4b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-332ce51\" data-id=\"332ce51\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8b84dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b8b84dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58dea9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"58dea9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010cHM\u00da slavnostn\u011b otev\u0159el nov\u00e9 Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70d1552 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70d1552\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dosud s\u00eddlilo Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b (CPP) ve skromn\u00e9 budov\u011b v prostor\u00e1ch \u010cHM\u00da v Praze-Komo\u0159anech. Postupn\u011b se roz\u0161i\u0159ovaly slu\u017eby a bylo nutn\u00e9 propojovat meteorologii a hydrologii, proto dosavadn\u00ed kapacita a technick\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed budovy ji\u017e nebyly dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nov\u00e1 budova byla postavena ve stejn\u00e9m are\u00e1lu. Prostory jsou koncipov\u00e1ny tak, aby vyhov\u011bly lep\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci meteorolog\u016f a hydrolog\u016f. V\u0161ichni p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9 a hydrologov\u00e9 budou pohromad\u011b v jedn\u00e9 budov\u011b, a budou tak moci l\u00e9pe kooperovat i mimo sm\u011bnn\u00fd provoz. V budov\u011b bude pracovat celkem cca 35 lid\u00ed. Sm\u011bnn\u00fd provoz po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s 20 zam\u011bstnanci v\u00a0jednom okam\u017eiku.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Stavba byla zapo\u010data v roce 2019 a celkov\u00e1 investice, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1bytku, IT vybaven\u00ed, venkovn\u00edch \u00faprav a parkovi\u0161t\u011b byla 130 mil. K\u010d (v\u010detn\u011b DPH). Architektonick\u00fd n\u00e1vrh budovy a interi\u00e9ru vytvo\u0159il Ing. arch. V\u00e1clav Kruli\u0161, hlavn\u00ed projektant stavby byl Ing. Jan Ro\u0161kot. Objekt je navr\u017een v pasivn\u00edm standardu Nov\u00e9 technologie umo\u017en\u00ed komfortn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci s region\u00e1ln\u00edmi pracovi\u0161ti i se slo\u017ekami integrovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Nov\u00e1 zasedac\u00ed m\u00edstnost umo\u017en\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1dat a\u017e dv\u011b p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky nebo porady najednou, nez\u00e1visle na sob\u011b. D\u00edky nahr\u00e1vac\u00edmu studiu budou aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed informace o o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch, \u010di nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch jevech l\u00e9pe a rychleji publikov\u00e1ny. V\u00a0nat\u00e1\u010dec\u00edm pl\u00e1nu jsou i informativn\u00ed videa k po\u010das\u00ed a v\u00fdstrah\u00e1m.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00a0<em>Hana Stehl\u00edkov\u00e1, MZ 2021\/4<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-966b195 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"966b195\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6307e57\" data-id=\"6307e57\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b709b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5b709b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8b75da elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e8b75da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zm\u011bna zp\u016fsobu pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed hurik\u00e1n\u016f<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f679ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4f679ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fdbor pro hurik\u00e1ny p\u0159i Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizaci (WMO) vy\u0159adil ze seznamu n\u011bkolik jmen tropick\u00fdch cyklon\u016f. Jednalo se o bou\u0159i Dorian z roku 2019 a bou\u0159e Laura, Etu a Iota z roku 2020. Jm\u00e9na bou\u0159\u00ed, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsob\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00ed \u0161kody nebo si vy\u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed velk\u00fd po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed, se ru\u0161\u00ed, aby tyto trag\u00e9die tolik nep\u0159ipom\u00ednala. Od roku 1953, kdy se podle sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu za\u010daly pojmenov\u00e1vat bou\u0159e, bylo ze seznamu povod\u00ed Atlantiku vy\u0159azeno celkem 93 jmen. Dorian bude v roce 2025 nahrazen Dexterem a Lauru v roce 2026 nahrad\u00ed Leah.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Rovn\u011b\u017e se rozhodlo, \u017ee se nebudou pou\u017e\u00edvat k\u00a0pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed bou\u0159\u00ed p\u00edsmena \u0159eck\u00e9 abecedy. Tato praxe byla matouc\u00ed a zam\u011b\u0159ovala pozornost nikoliv na samotnou nebezpe\u010dnou bou\u0159i, ale na jej\u00ed jm\u00e9no.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fdbor pro hurik\u00e1ny souhlasil se zm\u011bnami pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed na sv\u00e9m virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00ed od 15. do 17. b\u0159ezna 2021. Na zased\u00e1n\u00ed byla tak\u00e9 posouzena rekordn\u00ed atlantick\u00e1 sez\u00f3na 2020 a dolad\u011bny p\u0159\u00edpravy na rok 2021, v\u010detn\u011b poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a varov\u00e1n\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako posouzen\u00ed dopad\u016f pro nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v\u011btru, bou\u0159\u00ed a povodn\u011b.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\">K situaci, kdy musela b\u00fdt pro p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00fd po\u010det hurik\u00e1n\u016f pou\u017eita \u0159eck\u00e1 abeceda, do\u0161lo zat\u00edm jen dvakr\u00e1t. V roce 2005 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dvou bou\u0159\u00ed a v roce 2020 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dev\u00edti bou\u0159\u00ed.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pokud se vyskytne v\u00edce ne\u017e 21 pojmenovan\u00fdch bou\u0159\u00ed, dal\u0161\u00ed dostanou jm\u00e9na z nov\u00e9ho dopl\u0148kov\u00e9ho seznamu. V\u00a0n\u011bm jsou na za\u010d\u00e1tku Adria, Braylen, Caridad a Deshawn, na konci je Willem. Meteorologov\u00e9 sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159ipravili i nov\u00fd z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed seznam jmen pro v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Pacifik, kde budou pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed od Aidana a Bruny a\u017e k Zoe.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Literatura:<\/em><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #003366;\">WMO, 2021. WMO Hurricane Committee retires tropical cyclone names and ends the use of Greek alphabet [online]. World meteorological organization [18. 3. 2021]. Dostupn\u00e9 z WWW: https:\/\/ public.wmo.int\/en\/media\/press-release\/wmo-hurricane-commit-tee-retires-tropical-cyclone-names-and-ends-use-of-greek.<\/span><br \/>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Hana Stehl\u00edkov\u00e1, MZ 2021\/3<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d760f98 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d760f98\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fbd914e\" data-id=\"fbd914e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11759c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"11759c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5a8461 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e5a8461\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3df10f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3df10f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"rtejustify\">Anketa: Co si mysl\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed odborn\u00edci o ochran\u011b ozvdu\u0161\u00ed? &#8211; v p\u0159ilo\u017een\u00e9m pdf souboru na konci str\u00e1nky<\/h3><p class=\"rteright\"><em>MZ 2020\/6<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e6e7e5a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e6e7e5a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-db9347e\" data-id=\"db9347e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8558cf7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8558cf7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-148cb89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"148cb89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ALADIN je podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9dc1461 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9dc1461\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>informace z \u010dasopisu M\u017dP Priorita z 2020\/6 je uveden v pdf souboru na konci t\u00e9to str\u00e1nky.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>PRIORITA 2020\/6<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ed7d553 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ed7d553\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bff04be\" data-id=\"bff04be\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b40759 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9b40759\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd1427b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd1427b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">HAMR: on-line syst\u00e9m pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sucha \u2013 webov\u00e1 prezentace pro ve\u0159ejnost<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa97213 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa97213\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek kolektivu autor\u016f z \u010dasopisu VTEI je uveden v pdf souboru na konci t\u00e9to str\u00e1nky<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>VTEI 2020\/5<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-90ebb39 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"90ebb39\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c6c3d1\" data-id=\"7c6c3d1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba15aca elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ba15aca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02bcd58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"02bcd58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Projekt PERUN<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e49b10b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e49b10b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V t\u00e9to dob\u011b se v \u010cesk\u00e9m hydrometeorologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu a dal\u0161\u00edch spolu\u0159e\u0161itelsk\u00fdch instituc\u00edch rozb\u00edh\u00e1 jeden z\u00a0nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch projekt\u016f posledn\u00edch let co do po\u010dtu zapojen\u00fdch instituc\u00ed i d\u00e9lky trv\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 6,5 roku. Projekt PERUN SS02030040 (Predikce, hodnocen\u00ed a v\u00fdzkum citlivosti vybran\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, vlivu sucha a zm\u011bny klimatu v \u010cesku) je zam\u011b\u0159en na v\u00fdzkum klimatick\u00fdch extr\u00e9m\u016f, sucha a d\u016fsledk\u016f jeho prohlubov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Garantem projektu je Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a krom\u011b \u010cHM\u00da je do \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zapojena \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch odborn\u00fdch instituc\u00ed: \u010cesk\u00e1 geologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba, Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulta a P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, \u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR, v. v. i., \u00dastav v\u00fdzkumu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny AV \u010cR, v. v. i., V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd T. G. Masaryka, v. v. i. a PROGEO, s. r. o. Projekt bude prezentov\u00e1n pod n\u00e1zvem PERUN, kter\u00fd vznikl zkr\u00e1cen\u00edm anglick\u00e9ho Prediction, Evaluation and Research for Understanding National sensitivity and impacts of drought and climate change for Czechia.<br \/>Projekt je prvn\u00edm krokem k nov\u011b pojat\u00e9mu dlouhodob\u00e9mu v\u00fdzkumu v oblasti zm\u011bny klimatu a jej\u00edch d\u016fsledk\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR. \u00dakolem projektu je podrobn\u011b analyzovat prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed a predikovan\u00e9 budouc\u00ed zm\u011bny, v\u010detn\u011b identifikace rizik pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a pro spole\u010dnost. V\u00fdstupem budou i podklady nutn\u00e9 pro p\u0159\u00edpravu a aktualizaci strategick\u00fdch dokument\u016f a pro rozhodovac\u00ed procesy nejen v oblasti adaptac\u00ed na zm\u011bnu klimatu, ale i pro doporu\u010den\u00ed a hodnocen\u00ed mitiga\u010dn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed (zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny) v procesu jejich p\u0159\u00edpravy i realizace.<br \/>Projekt je rozd\u011blen do osmi hlavn\u00edch oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b dopl\u0148uj\u00ed a postupuj\u00ed v \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed od modelov\u00e1n\u00ed klimatu p\u0159es p\u0159\u00edpravu sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f jeho zm\u011bny a\u017e k anal\u00fdze d\u016fsledk\u016f nap\u0159\u00edklad v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, lesnictv\u00ed, hydrologii. Projekt a jeho v\u00fdstupy umo\u017en\u00ed reagovat na zm\u011bny ve vodn\u00ed bilanci (sucho i povodn\u011b), analyzovat rizika pro spole\u010dnost spojen\u00e1 s hydrometeorologick\u00fdmi extr\u00e9my, zm\u011bnou hydrologick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu i souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi d\u016fsledky v krajin\u011b.<br \/>Projekt je pestr\u00fd jak spojen\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch odbornost\u00ed, tak n\u00e1vaznost\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f. Tato pestrost umo\u017en\u00ed komplexn\u00ed pohled na zkoumanou problematiku zm\u011bny klimatu a povede ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nejistot z\u00edskan\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radim Tolasz, MZ 2020\/5<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f925777 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f925777\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4207eef\" data-id=\"4207eef\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dbcb16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0dbcb16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1de868a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1de868a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Projekt ARAMIS<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e24805 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e24805\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V r\u00e1mci Programu aplikovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, experiment\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdvoje a inovac\u00ed v oblasti \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u2013 Prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro \u017eivot, kter\u00fd je administrov\u00e1n Technologickou agenturou \u010cR (TA \u010cR), vznik\u00e1 unik\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum ARAMIS (\u201eIntegrovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu, hodnocen\u00ed a kontroly kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed\u201c \/ \u201eAir quality Research, Assessment and Monitoring Integrated System\u201c). Tento projekt sdru\u017euje kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 experty z rezortn\u00edch organizac\u00ed Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol a Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR a disponuje \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm a infrastrukturou mate\u0159sk\u00fdch instituc\u00ed.<br \/>Projekt je prioritn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159en na v\u00fdvoj, aktualizaci a tvorbu n\u00e1stroj\u016f, metodik a postup\u016f pro hodnocen\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, emis\u00ed klasick\u00fdch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek i sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f v\u010detn\u011b jejich projekc\u00ed a kvantifikaci dopad\u016f na zdrav\u00ed obyvatelstva a ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f, spot\u0159ebu energie, ekonomiku a dal\u0161\u00ed aspekty \u017eivota. Ambic\u00ed projektu je prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm aplikace v\u00fdsledk\u016f p\u0159isp\u011bt ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed republiky.<br \/>Hlavn\u00edm \u0159e\u0161itelem projektu je \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav. Spolu\u0159e\u0161iteli jsou \u010cesk\u00e1 geologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba, Fakulta elektrotechnick\u00e1 \u010cesk\u00e9ho vysok\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed technick\u00e9ho v Praze, Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulta a Centrum pro ot\u00e1zky \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Univerzity Karlovy, \u00dastav informatiky AV \u010cR, v. v. i., \u00dastav chemick\u00fdch proces\u016f AV \u010cR, v. v. i., Vysok\u00e1 \u0161kola b\u00e1\u0148sk\u00e1 &#8211; Technick\u00e1 univerzita Ostrava, V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 centrum a V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav Silva Taroucy pro krajinu a okrasn\u00e9 zahradnictv\u00ed, v. v. i.. Projekt je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9 tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci jednoho centra jsou spole\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u0161ena t\u00e9mata, kter\u00fdmi se v minulosti zab\u00fdvaly r\u016fzn\u00e9 instituce v\u00a0r\u00e1mci r\u016fzn\u00fdch projekt\u016f. \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed projektu je napl\u00e1nov\u00e1no na dobu 6,5 let.<br \/>C\u00edlem projektu je v\u00fdvoj metod kontroly kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, identifikace zdroj\u016f zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a jejich pod\u00edl\u016f na koncentrac\u00edch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na hlavn\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed probl\u00e9my kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b kvantifikovateln\u00e9 druhy zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. V n\u00e1vaznosti na v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 budou vyv\u00edjeny modelov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed rozptylu zne\u010dist\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, a to jak s ohledem na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed koncentrace, tak i se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na budouc\u00ed rozvoj technologi\u00ed. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu je i rozvoj laboratorn\u00edch metod pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a hodnocen\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, a to jak metod manu\u00e1ln\u00edch, tak i metod automatick\u00fdch jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad metody izotopov\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy prvk\u016f ve vzorc\u00edch aerosolov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic, element\u00e1rn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy aerosolov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic elektronov\u00fdm mikroskopem, stanoven\u00ed cukr\u016f a iont\u016f iontovou chromatografi\u00ed, automatick\u00e9 stanoven\u00ed amoniaku a plynn\u00e9 rtuti v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Se z\u0159etelem na vliv na zdrav\u00ed obyvatelstva bude na vybran\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice hodnocen dopad ultrajemn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic, a to i s ohledem na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlivy, jako jsou nap\u0159. meteorologick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. V r\u00e1mci \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed projektu bude tak\u00e9 vyhodnoceno rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed stanic sledov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vy\u00fast\u00ed v n\u00e1vrh obnovy st\u00e1tn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b imisn\u00edho monitoringu. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed projektu je tak\u00e9 odhad pod\u00edlu mlhy a n\u00e1mrazy na celkov\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 depozici.<br \/>Zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkem projektu budou i mapy fytotoxick\u00fdch d\u00e1vek ozonu pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 rostliny. Cel\u00fdm projektem se prol\u00edn\u00e1 hodnocen\u00ed vlivu dopravy, a to jak na zdrav\u00ed obyvatelstva, tak na mno\u017estv\u00ed emis\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek a sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Neopomenuteln\u00fdm \u00fakolem tohoto projektu je v\u00fdvoj metodik a emisn\u00edch faktor\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b emisn\u00edch bilanc\u00ed a to v n\u00e1vaznosti na reportingov\u00e9 povinnosti EU a po\u017eadavky mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f (\u00damluva LRTAP a jej\u00ed protokoly).<br \/>Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu metodik v oblasti sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f je i anal\u00fdza potenci\u00e1lu biomasy a tak\u00e9 predikce budouc\u00edho v\u00fdvoje emis\u00ed a kvantifikace dopad\u016f politick\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed, nebo dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emisn\u00edch strop\u016f na spot\u0159ebu energi\u00ed, ekonomiku a dal\u0161\u00ed indik\u00e1tory pomoc\u00ed makro-ekonomick\u00fdch model\u016f a optimaliza\u010dn\u00edho modelu energetick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b budou vyvinuty datov\u00e9 standardy pro informace o zdroj\u00edch, emis\u00edch a imis\u00edch, kter\u00e9 budou z\u00e1kladn\u00edm prvkem n\u00e1sledn\u011b vyv\u00edjen\u00e9ho komplexn\u00edho informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu o kvalit\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<br \/>Informace o projektu jsou dostupn\u00e9 na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.projekt-aramis.cz\/\">www.projekt-aramis.cz<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Jitka Habo\u0148ov\u00e1, MZ 2020\/5<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c78e727 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c78e727\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-75dc13d\" data-id=\"75dc13d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e35ef6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e35ef6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b348b44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b348b44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Czech Globe Star<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80515ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"80515ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Dne 12. 2. 2020 prob\u011bhlo v Americk\u00e9m centru v Praze ocen\u011bn\u00ed 3 nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u0161kol zapojen\u00fdch v programu GLOBE. Program GLOBE je mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed program, ve kter\u00e9m \u017e\u00e1ci zkoumaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodu a aktivn\u011b zlep\u0161uj\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed v okol\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u0161koly.<br \/>GLOBE (neboli Global Learning and Observation to Benefit the Environment) vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdch metod badatelsky orientovan\u00e9ho vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed. Program GLOBE v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice propaguje vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed organizace TEREZA.<br \/>Presti\u017en\u00ed ocen\u011bn\u00ed Czech GLOBE Star, kter\u00e9 organizace TEREZA ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b ud\u011bluje \u0161kol\u00e1m zapojen\u00fdm v programu GLOBE za jejich mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 po\u010diny, si letos p\u0159evzaly 3 skv\u011bl\u00e9 \u0161koln\u00ed t\u00fdmy \u2013 Gymn\u00e1zium Jana Palacha, Z\u0160 a M\u0160 \u0160tefcova Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 a Z\u0160 M\u00e1nesova Otrokovice.<br \/>Gymn\u00e1zium Jana Palacha ka\u017ed\u00fd rok po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 Oslavy Dne Zem\u011b \u2013 zkoumaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed ve m\u011bst\u011b a okol\u00ed, b\u00e1daj\u00ed a v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed probl\u00e9mu navrhuj\u00ed a realizuj\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Z\u0160 a M\u0160 \u0160tefcova Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 se zapojili do projektu p\u0159etvo\u0159it \u0161koln\u00ed zahradu k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed biodiverzit\u011b organism\u016f a \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed se mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed fenologick\u00e9 kampan\u011b, kde spole\u010dn\u011b b\u00e1daj\u00ed se zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi \u0161kolami. Z\u0160 M\u00e1nesova Otrokovice se v\u011bnuje pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch jev\u016f a nast\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn. Zapojuj\u00ed se do mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch kampan\u00ed a Virtual Science Symposia a pravideln\u011b se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed badatelsk\u00e9 konference na GLOBE Games. V\u00a0leto\u0161n\u00edm roce se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na pedologii a problematiku vysych\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fd.<br \/>\u0160koly \u00fazce spolupracuj\u00ed s vybran\u00fdmi odborn\u00edky z \u010cHM\u00da, fenologick\u00e9 t\u00e9matice se velmi \u00fazce v\u011bnuje Z\u0160 M\u00e1nesova Otrokovice. Za \u010cHM\u00da byla po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1na \u010dlenka V\u011bdeck\u00e9 rady GLOBE, aby p\u0159edala ceny v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fdm \u0161kol\u00e1m a pronesla p\u00e1r slov. \u010clenka V\u011bdeck\u00e9 rady se aktivn\u011b pod\u00edl\u00ed i na tvorb\u011b metodik a spolupracuje se \u0161kolami i pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku.<br \/>Slavnostn\u00edho p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed cen se z\u00fa\u010dastnili i z\u00e1stupci Ministerstva \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1de\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy, Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kulturn\u00ed ata\u0161\u00e9 Americk\u00e9 ambas\u00e1dy v Praze pan Erik Black a dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 V\u011bdeck\u00e9 rady Michal Plundr a Jan Spratek.<br \/>\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Lenka H\u00e1jkov\u00e1, MZ 2020\/2<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b10b9c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0b10b9c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-29401d5\" data-id=\"29401d5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0646fc4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0646fc4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6717129 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6717129\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">10. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed pln\u00e9ho \u010dlenstv\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v organizaci EUMETSAT<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a08a8b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a08a8b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Na leto\u0161n\u00ed 12. kv\u011bten 2020 p\u0159ipad\u00e1 des\u00e1t\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zavr\u0161en\u00ed procesu vstupu \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky do organizace EUMETSAT formou pln\u00e9ho \u010dlenstv\u00ed. Poj\u010fme si p\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti stru\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ipomenout nejen jednotliv\u00e9 f\u00e1ze postupn\u00e9ho p\u0159ibli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da a \u010ceska k t\u00e9to organizaci, ale i historii samotn\u00e9 organizace EUMETSAT.<br \/>Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace EUMETSAT (European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, Evropsk\u00e1 organizace pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u017eic) form\u00e1ln\u011b vznikla v roce 1986. Tomu ale p\u0159edch\u00e1zelo n\u011bkolik etap:<br \/>\u2022 v listopadu 1977 vypou\u0161t\u00ed Evropsk\u00e1 vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 agentura (ESA) prvn\u00ed evropskou meteorologickou dru\u017eici na geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dr\u00e1hu, dru\u017eici Meteosat-1;<br \/>\u2022 v lednu 1981 p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed o zalo\u017een\u00ed organizace EUMETSAT;<br \/>\u2022 v b\u0159eznu 1984 vznik\u00e1 EUMETSAT jako jedna ze sekc\u00ed uvnit\u0159 ESA;<br \/>\u2022 19. 6. 1986 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k osamostatn\u011bn\u00ed organizace EUMETSAT, kter\u00e1 se t\u00edm st\u00e1v\u00e1 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizac\u00ed se stejn\u00fdm postaven\u00edm jako ESA. V dob\u011b vzniku m\u00e1 EUMETSAT celkem 17 \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, prvn\u00edm gener\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159editelem EUMETSATu se st\u00e1v\u00e1 John Morgan.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed na\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/cs\/node\/297\">http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/cs\/node\/297<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Martin Setv\u00e1k, MZ 2020\/1<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-98026fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"98026fe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-13ba466\" data-id=\"13ba466\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2cc287 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2cc287\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9006ca6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9006ca6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vznik \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-671cce8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"671cce8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159i z\u00e1niku rakousko-uhersk\u00e9 monarchie bylo nutn\u00e9 z\u0159\u00eddit tak\u00e9 v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed republice \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by p\u0159evzalo v\u00a0oblasti st\u00e1tu ve\u0161ker\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce \u00fastav\u016f ve V\u00eddni a Budape\u0161ti (Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav pro meteorologii a geodynamiku zalo\u017een\u00fd v\u00a0roce 1851). P\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto \u00fakolu \u010dinila pot\u00ed\u017ee ot\u00e1zka kompeten\u010dn\u00ed. O klimatologii a progn\u00f3zu m\u011blo velk\u00fd z\u00e1jem zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, na hydrologii a u\u017eit\u00e9 meteorologii v\u00a0letectv\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a tak\u00e9 vojenstv\u00ed. Po velk\u00fdch diskus\u00edch byl z\u0159\u00edzen St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd s\u00a0p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bn\u00fdm vojensk\u00fdm odborem, pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd Ministerstvu \u0161kolstv\u00ed a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed osv\u011bty.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/vznik-ceskoslovenskeho-statniho-ustavu-meteorologickeho\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f0c398 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3f0c398\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-626a1a6\" data-id=\"626a1a6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d649818 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d649818\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a757c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8a757c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cenu za komunikaci zm\u011bny klimatu dostal klimatolog Radim Tolasz<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6f725f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6f725f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V pond\u011bl\u00ed 16. 9. 2019 odpoledne v\u00a0pra\u017esk\u00e9m s\u00eddle OSN byla ud\u011blena \u201eCena za komunikaci glob\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdzvy zm\u011bny klimatu\u201c. Prvn\u00edm laure\u00e1tem se stal klimatolog \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, pan Radim Tolasz. Celkem bylo navr\u017eeno 9 nominac\u00ed. Radim Tolasz zastupuje \u010cR v Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edm panelu pro zm\u011bnu klimatu (IPCC), \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed se mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch konferenc\u00ed. Dlouhodob\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 do m\u00e9di\u00ed a sna\u017e\u00ed se odborn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky pr\u00e1ce komunikovat se \u0161irokou ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed. Sv\u00e9 my\u0161lenky zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 na blogu, \u010dasto komunikuje se studenty a p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch. Ve sv\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch \u010dasto reaguje na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 dotazy ve\u0159ejnosti, v\u017edy s d\u016frazem na srozumitelnost. V\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee se ned\u00e1 odradit a bude pokra\u010dovat d\u00e1l v p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 r\u00e9torice a trp\u011bliv\u00e9m vyjas\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdch t\u00e9mat ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00edce nap\u0159. na:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/portal.chmi.cz\/\">http:\/\/portal.chmi.cz\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ekolist.cz\/cz\/zpravodajstvi\/zpravy\/cenu-za-komunikaci-zmeny-klimatu-dostal-klimatolog-tolasz?fbclid=IwAR2sqMCXDmTQsBjx-Tp_GktuPmyO3mM8oW65ALG8fKLVlldLdOa_sCq-T6E\">https:\/\/ekolist.cz\/cz\/zpravodajstvi\/zpravy\/cenu-za-komunikaci-zmeny-klim&#8230;<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tolasz.cz\/news\/cena-za-komunikaci-globalni-vyzvy-zmeny-klimatu\/\">https:\/\/www.tolasz.cz\/news\/cena-za-komunikaci-globalni-vyzvy-zmeny-klimatu\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.respekt.cz\/tydenik\/2019\/41\/katedralni-mysleni\">https:\/\/www.respekt.cz\/tydenik\/2019\/41\/katedralni-mysleni<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>-pl- 18.9.2019<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ab0e5dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ab0e5dd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b148658\" data-id=\"b148658\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5215d09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5215d09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"294\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2019_02_56-294x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8943\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2019_02_56-294x300.jpg 294w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2019_02_56.jpg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 294px) 100vw, 294px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa9851 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6fa9851\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PROJEKT FENOFAZE.CZ<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60b80cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60b80cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">\u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav (\u010cHM\u00da) a \u00dastav v\u00fdzkumu glob\u00e1l\u00adn\u00ed zm\u011bny AV \u010cR, v. v. i. p\u0159edstavu\u00adj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fd projekt\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fenofaze.cz\/\">www.fenofaze.cz<\/a>, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje monitoring v\u00fdvojo\u00adv\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed (fenologick\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed, zkr\u00e1ce\u00adn\u011b fenof\u00e1z\u00ed) vybran\u00fdch rostlinn\u00fdch dru\u00adh\u016f v r\u00e1mci cel\u00e9 \u010cR. Monitoring dopo\u00adsud prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fd pozorovateli \u010cHM\u00da, kter\u00fd je dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n a zahu\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n pozo\u00adrov\u00e1n\u00edm student\u016f na univerzit\u00e1ch, je nyn\u00ed otev\u0159en tak\u00e9 pro \u0161irokou ve\u0159ejnost. Port\u00e1l\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fenofaze.cz\/\">www.fenofaze.cz<\/a>, kter\u00fd zve k monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed tzv. fenologick\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed rostlin, nevy\u017eaduje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 spe\u00adci\u00e1ln\u00ed vybaven\u00ed a zapojit se m\u016f\u017ee kdo\u00adkoliv, kdo m\u00e1 r\u00e1d p\u0159\u00edrodu a kraji\u00adnu kolem sebe pravideln\u011b nav\u0161t\u011b\u00advuje a dok\u00e1\u017ee vn\u00edmat jej\u00ed prom\u011bny. Otev\u0159en\u00edm fenologick\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed i pro \u0161irokou ve\u0159ejnost, d\u00edky webov\u00e9mu port\u00e1lu\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fenofaze.cz\/\">www.fenofaze.cz<\/a>, sledujeme z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zahu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, a tedy zlep\u0161en\u00ed st\u00e1va\u00adj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b monitorovan\u00fdch druh\u016f a bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed kontakt mezi v\u0161emi, kter\u00e9 prom\u011bny na\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed a fascinuj\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Lenka H\u00e1jkov\u00e1, MZ 2019\/2, ro\u010d. 72, str. 56<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-177d0af elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"177d0af\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c2b4157\" data-id=\"c2b4157\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20e7e9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"20e7e9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f89ae83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f89ae83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MODEL ALADIN M\u00c1 NYN\u00cd LEP\u0160\u00cd P\u0158EDPOV\u011aDI D\u00cdKY VY\u0160\u0160\u00cdMU ROZLI\u0160EN\u00cd<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c126fe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c126fe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">\u010cHM\u00da vylep\u0161ilo aplikaci p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho modelu Aladin pro \u010ceskou republiku. Statistiky v\u00fdsledk\u016f nov\u00e9ho nastaven\u00ed ukazuj\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed proti p\u0159edchoz\u00ed verzi. Numerick\u00fd model st\u00e1le po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159i dny, nyn\u00ed v\u0161ak na v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed s\u00edti se \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce body. Zm\u011bn oproti p\u0159edcho\u00adz\u00ed verzi je v\u0161ak v\u00edce. V\u00fdsledky z nov\u00e9 verze modelu Aladin m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt na webu \u010cHM\u00da nebo v mobiln\u00ed aplikaci \u010cHM\u00da od 5. 3. 2019.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V ka\u017ed\u00e9m horizont\u00e1ln\u00edm sm\u011bru se krok modelu zv\u00fd\u0161il ze 4,7 km na 2,3 km. Bylo zachov\u00e1no 87 vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch hladin. Co se v\u00fdznamn\u011b vylep\u0161ilo, je detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed topografie. V d\u0159\u00ed\u00adv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed verzi byl ter\u00e9n v\u00edce shlazen pr\u00e1v\u011b vlivem hrub\u0161\u00edho rozli\u0161e\u00adn\u00ed 4,7 km. N\u011bkter\u00e9 horsk\u00e9 polohy tak byly ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e je skute\u010d\u00adnost. Nyn\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edtat s jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed orografi\u00ed, od kter\u00e9 si sli\u00adbujeme p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi nejen pro \u010desk\u00e9 hory nebo \u00fadol\u00ed, ale obecn\u011b zlep\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f pro celou oblast st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Tato zm\u011bna je mo\u017en\u00e1 d\u00edky instalaci nov\u00e9ho superpo\u010d\u00edta\u00ad\u010de, ke kter\u00e9 do\u0161lo v roce 2018. Nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed kapa\u00adcita umo\u017e\u0148uje nejen po\u010d\u00edtat na hust\u0161\u00ed s\u00edti bod\u016f, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 lze pou\u017e\u00edt slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metody. Jednou z nich je p\u0159epnut\u00ed modelu do tzv. nehydrostatick\u00e9 verze. Aladin nyn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9m rovnic, kter\u00fd roz\u0161i\u0159uje popis dynamick\u00fdch jev\u016f v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Jsou to nap\u0159\u00edklad vlny zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 vztlakov\u00fdmi silami, typicky za horsk\u00fdmi h\u0159ebeny, kter\u00e9 jsou dob\u0159e patrn\u00e9 v obla\u010dnosti. D\u00edky tomuto zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, kter\u00e9 mohou v\u00e9st k v\u00fdvoji nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch po\u010dasov\u00fdch jev\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nov\u00e1 provozn\u00ed verze modelu z\u00faro\u010duje p\u0159edchoz\u00ed investice do v\u00fdvoje cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Na procesu se pod\u00edlelo cel\u00e9 odd\u011b\u00adlen\u00ed numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed i se zapojen\u00edm do mezi\u00adn\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce. Samotn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edprava na tak podstatnou zm\u011b\u00adnu, kter\u00e1 se t\u00fdk\u00e1 nejen v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho obsahu modelu jako takov\u00e9\u00adho, ale i nutn\u00fdch technick\u00fdch \u00faprav, prob\u00edhala zhruba rok p\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00e9m zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed produkt\u016f pro velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed odb\u011bratel\u016f dat, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdstupy numerick\u00e9ho modelu pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Martina Sou\u010dkov\u00e1, MZ 2019\/2, ro\u010d. 72, str. 45<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7498bab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7498bab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-039d685\" data-id=\"039d685\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16e874c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"16e874c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-654ec2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"654ec2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">METEOROLOGICK\u00dd SLOVN\u00cdK V NOV\u00c9M KAB\u00c1T\u011a<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ccc64b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ccc64b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p class=\"rtejustify\">V roce 2018 uplynulo ji\u017e \u010dtvrtstolet\u00ed od v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho mez\u00adn\u00edku v historii \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 terminologie, kter\u00fdm bylo kni\u017en\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Meteorologick\u00e9ho slovn\u00edku v\u00fdkladov\u00e9ho a termi\u00adnologick\u00e9ho, zpracovan\u00e9ho terminologickou skupinou \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pod veden\u00edm Bo\u0159ivoje Sob\u00ed\u0161ka. Na bou\u0159liv\u00fd rozvoj terminologie v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech reagova\u00adla \u010cMeS obnoven\u00edm pr\u00e1ce terminologick\u00e9 skupiny, kter\u00e1 ten\u00adtokr\u00e1t pod veden\u00edm Daniely \u0158ez\u00e1\u010dov\u00e9 p\u0159ipravila na z\u00e1klad\u011b kni\u017en\u00edho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed dopln\u011bnou a podstatn\u011b upravenou elektronic\u00adkou verzi slovn\u00edku. Ta slou\u017eila odborn\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti od ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed\u00adho spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na za\u010d\u00e1tku ledna 2015 a do prosince 2018 doznala \u0159adu d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch aktualizac\u00ed. Mezit\u00edm byly nicm\u00e9n\u011b zah\u00e1jeny pr\u00e1ce na zcela nov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu slovn\u00edku, kter\u00fd naplno rozvinul v\u00fdho\u00addy, kter\u00e9 webov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed poskytuje.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pomineme-li jinou grafickou \u00fapravu slovn\u00edku, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed sou\u00ad\u010dasn\u00e1 inovace \u0159adu nov\u00fdch u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro pr\u00e1ci se slovn\u00edkem. Hlavn\u00edm technick\u00fdm rozd\u00edlem je redak\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m slovn\u00edku, spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed s datab\u00e1z\u00ed term\u00edn\u016f a explikac\u00ed hesel, kter\u00fd nahradil st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed statick\u00e9 webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky. Vyu\u017eit\u00ed data\u00adb\u00e1ze umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u017eivatel\u016fm fulltextov\u00e9 vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jak v term\u00ed\u00adnech, tak v explikac\u00edch term\u00edn\u016f, editor\u016fm slovn\u00edku pak p\u0159\u00edstup k jednotliv\u00fdm hesl\u016fm a jejich opravy. Po zad\u00e1n\u00ed opravy hesla editorem vy\u010dk\u00e1 opraven\u00e9 nebo nov\u011b navr\u017een\u00e9 heslo na schv\u00e1\u00adlen\u00ed administr\u00e1torem a oprava hesla se zobraz\u00ed online. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed tak k v\u00fdrazn\u011b rychlej\u0161\u00ed aktualizaci slovn\u00edku. Dal\u0161\u00ed u\u017eivatelsky p\u0159\u00edjemnou novinkou je prolinkov\u00e1n\u00ed odkaz\u016f v jednotliv\u00fdch hes\u00adlech. U\u017eivatel nemus\u00ed odkazovan\u00e1 hesla hledat, ale po kliknu\u00adt\u00ed na odkaz se heslo otev\u0159e v tzv. mod\u00e1lu nad str\u00e1nkou a u\u017eiva\u00adtel si m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst explikaci odkazu, ani\u017e by byl nucen p\u016fvodn\u00ed heslo opustit. Do slovn\u00edku jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b za\u010dlen\u011bny cel\u00e9 dostupn\u00e9 rejst\u0159\u00edky v angli\u010dtin\u011b, sloven\u0161tin\u011b a ru\u0161tin\u011b a v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti francouzsk\u00e9ho a n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho rejst\u0159\u00edku, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b st\u00e1le pro\u00adch\u00e1zej\u00ed kontrolami.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 podoba slovn\u00edku je provozov\u00e1na \u010ceskou mete\u00adorologickou spole\u010dnost\u00ed za p\u0159isp\u011bn\u00ed \u00dastavu fyziky atmosf\u00e9\u00adry AV \u010cR, v. v. i., na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed t\u00e9to verze se pod\u00edlela finan\u010d\u00adn\u011b jak \u010cMeS, tak Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm progra\u00admu Strategie AV21. Terminologick\u00e1 skupina \u010cMeS v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee se u\u017eivatel\u016fm bude se slovn\u00edkem dob\u0159e pracovat a \u017ee se odvd\u011b\u010d\u00ed autor\u016fm slovn\u00edku \u010detn\u00fdmi p\u0159ipom\u00ednkami a n\u00e1vrhy na zlep\u0161en\u00ed. Dovolujeme si rovn\u011b\u017e po\u017e\u00e1dat o propagaci slovn\u00edku, aby z n\u011bj mohl profitovat co nej\u0161ir\u0161\u00ed okruh u\u017eivatel\u016f. Upraven\u00fd elektro\u00adnick\u00fd meteorologick\u00fd slovn\u00edk najdete od ledna 2019 na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/slovnik.cmes.cz\/\">http:\/\/slovnik.cmes.cz<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Petr Zacharov, Miloslav Muller a dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 terminologick\u00e9 skupiny \u010cMeS, MZ 2019\/1, ro\u010d. 72, str.32<\/em><\/p><\/div><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a8d3fa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a8d3fa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-33c7ab7\" data-id=\"33c7ab7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99b735c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"99b735c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2019_01_18-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8947\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2019_01_18-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2019_01_18.jpg 581w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ae09c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ae09c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">VANGUARD 2 - 60. V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd STARTU PRVN\u00cd EXPERIMENT\u00c1LN\u00cd METEOROLOGICK\u00c9 DRU\u017dICE<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce9efbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ce9efbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">17. \u00fanora 1959 byl vypu\u0161t\u011bn Vanguard 2, prvn\u00ed experi\u00adment\u00e1ln\u00ed dru\u017eice zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na studium atmosf\u00e9ry Zem\u011b (pro\u00adto se n\u011bkdy &#8211; trochu nep\u0159esn\u011b &#8211; ozna\u010duje jako \u201eprvn\u00ed meteo\u00adrologick\u00e1 dru\u017eice\u201c).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi meteorologick\u00fdmi dru\u017eice\u00admi se jednalo o velmi jednoduchou technologii a pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 experimenty. Prvn\u00edm z nich bylo pokusn\u00e9 sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed rozlo\u017een\u00ed obla\u010dnosti v p\u00e1su kolem rovn\u00edku, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b do 35\u00b0 zem\u011bpis\u00adn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky, kter\u00e9 m\u011blo b\u00fdt realizov\u00e1no jednoduch\u00fdmi kamera\u00admi, sn\u00edmaj\u00edc\u00edmi ve viditeln\u00e9m oboru, s vyu\u017eit\u00edm rotace dru\u017ei\u00adce. Vzhledem k probl\u00e9m\u016fm rotace (zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch p\u0159i odd\u011blen\u00ed dru\u017eice od posledn\u00edho, t\u0159et\u00edho stupn\u011b nosn\u00e9 rakety) byla data z t\u011bchto kamer t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nepou\u017eiteln\u00e1. Tento p\u0159\u00edstroj se odml\u010del po 18 dnech provozu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Druh\u00fdm experimentem bylo studium vlivu vysok\u00fdch hladin atmosf\u00e9ry na dr\u00e1hu dru\u017eice (brzd\u011bn\u00ed dru\u017eice zbytko\u00advou atmosf\u00e9rou) p\u0159i pr\u016fletu dru\u017eice perigeem &#8211; nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edm bodem prot\u00e1hl\u00e9 eliptick\u00e9 ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy. Krom\u011b atmosf\u00e9ry se na zm\u011bn\u00e1ch dr\u00e1hy rovn\u011b\u017e pod\u00edl\u00ed tlak slune\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btru a nerovnom\u011brnosti gravita\u010dn\u00edho pole Zem\u011b. Pro zam\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed dr\u00e1hy byla dru\u017eice vybavena jednoduch\u00fdm radiomaj\u00e1- kem, kter\u00fd se odml\u010del po 26 dnech provozu (dru\u017eice nebyla vybavena sol\u00e1rn\u00edmi panely a byla z\u00e1visl\u00e1 pouze na bateri\u00ad\u00edch). D\u00edky modern\u00edm metod\u00e1m sledov\u00e1n\u00ed um\u011bl\u00fdch t\u011bles na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze Zem\u011b se ale Vanguard 2 pro studium vlivu atmo\u00adsf\u00e9ry na dr\u00e1hy dru\u017eic pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dodnes. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je z\u00e1rove\u0148 jedn\u00edm z nejstar\u0161\u00edch um\u011bl\u00fdch t\u011bles na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze Zem\u011b, v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm bod\u011b sv\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do vzd\u00e1lenosti pouh\u00fdch cca 560 km nad zemsk\u00fd povrch, v nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edm bod\u011b je vzd\u00e1lena 2950 km. Dle sou\u010dasn\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f dru\u017eice vydr\u017e\u00ed na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze je\u0161t\u011b cca dv\u011b a\u017e t\u0159i stalet\u00ed, ne\u017e se jej\u00ed rychlost vlivem t\u0159en\u00ed o vysokou atmosf\u00e9ru sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed natolik, \u017ee nakonec v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e, kterou cel\u00fd sv\u016fj \u201e\u017eivot\u201c studova\u00adla, zanikne (p\u0159i fin\u00e1ln\u00edm vstupu do atmosf\u00e9ry v n\u00ed sho\u0159\u00ed). Nejstar\u0161\u00edm um\u011bl\u00fdm t\u011blesem, kter\u00e9 je doposud na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze, je dru\u017eice Vanguard 1, prvn\u00ed dru\u017eice vybavena sol\u00e1r\u00adn\u00edmi panely.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prvn\u00ed dru\u017eic\u00ed, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e poskytovala meteorologick\u00e1 pozo\u00adrov\u00e1n\u00ed v operativn\u00edm re\u017eimu, byla p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o rok pozd\u011bji dru\u00ad\u017eice TIROS-1, jej\u00ed\u017e 60. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed startu si p\u0159ipomeneme p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok, 1. dubna 2020.<\/p><p>Zdroj informac\u00ed: NASA, NOAA, a dal\u0161\u00ed odkazy uveden\u00e9 na\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vanguard_2\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vanguard_2<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Martin Setv\u00e1k, MZ 2019\/1, ro\u010d. 72, str. 18-19<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-218d1ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"218d1ac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56de65c\" data-id=\"56de65c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f7d41f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8f7d41f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-355c1dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"355c1dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Chemtrails - spole\u010dn\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da, \u00daFA AV\u010cR, KMOP MFF UK a \u010cMeS<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c0e1fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c0e1fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Vzhledem ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 aktivit\u011b kolem chemtrails v t\u011bchto dnech se znovu vrac\u00edme k\u00a0obl\u00edben\u00e9mu t\u00e9matu chemtrails a dovolujeme si V\u00e1m, \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, nab\u00eddnout Spole\u010dn\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu (\u010cHM\u00da), \u00dastavu fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR (\u00daFA AV\u010cR), Katedry meteorologie a ochrany prost\u0159ed\u00ed Matematicko\u2010fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulty Univerzity Karlovy (KMOP MFF UK) a \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (\u010cMeS) k problematice tzv. \u201echemtrails\u201c.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jedn\u00e1 se o tiskov\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed vydan\u00e9 17.2.2010 a publikovan\u00e9 na serveru army.cz, jeho\u017e pln\u00e9 zn\u011bn\u00ed V\u00e1m p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Spole\u010dn\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu (\u010cHM\u00da), \u00dastavu fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR (\u00daFA AV\u010cR), Katedry meteorologie a ochrany prost\u0159ed\u00ed Matematicko<\/strong><strong>\u2010<\/strong><strong>fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulty Univerzity Karlovy (KMOP MFF UK) a \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (\u010cMeS) k problematice tzv. \u201echemtrails\u201c.<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V n\u011bkolika posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch do\u0161lo k n\u00e1r\u016fstu z\u00e1jmu ve\u0159ejnosti o kondenza\u010dn\u00ed stopy za letadly, zkreslen\u011b interpretovan\u00e9 jako tzv. \u201echemtrails\u201c (viz nap\u0159.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chemtrail\">http:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chemtrail<\/a>). Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee ji\u017e i jedna soukrom\u00e1 celoplo\u0161n\u00e1 televize v \u010cR ned\u00e1vno odvys\u00edlala neobjektivn\u00ed report\u00e1\u017e na toto t\u00e9ma, a \u017ee i n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze st\u00e1tn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f vznesly dotaz na n\u00e1zor meteorologick\u00fdch instituc\u00ed na \u201echemtrails\u201c, pova\u017eujeme za nutn\u00e9 se k tomuto t\u00e9matu vyj\u00e1d\u0159it formou tiskov\u00e9ho prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">C\u00edlem tohoto prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nen\u00ed polemizovat se zast\u00e1nci \u201echemtrails\u201c ale poskytnout ve\u0159ejnosti a sd\u011blovac\u00edm prost\u0159edk\u016fm vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed k jev\u016fm ozna\u010dovan\u00fdm jako \u201echemtrails\u201c \u2013 kondenza\u010dn\u00edm stop\u00e1m za letadly \u2013 z \u00fast odborn\u00edk\u016f, meteorolog\u016f a fyzik\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Kondenza\u010dn\u00ed stopy za letadly (anglicky contrails neboli condensation trails) jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm jevem, pozorovan\u00fdm ji\u017e od po\u010d\u00e1tku leteck\u00e9ho provozu v dne\u0161n\u00edch standardn\u00edch letov\u00fdch hladin\u00e1ch, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b mezi 8 a\u017e 12 kilometry nad hladinou mo\u0159e. S r\u016fstem intenzity leteck\u00e9ho provozu roste i celkov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed kondenza\u010dn\u00edch stop, a tedy i frekvence jejich pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Kondenza\u010dn\u00ed stopy mohou m\u00edt velmi rozmanit\u00fd vzhled a dobu trv\u00e1n\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na meteorologick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch v oblasti letov\u00e9 hladiny. Je to pr\u00e1v\u011b hrub\u00e1 neznalost t\u011bchto vliv\u016f na vzhled kondenza\u010dn\u00edch stop, kter\u00e1 vede \u201eznalce chemtrails\u201c k pokus\u016fm o r\u016fzn\u00e1 alternativn\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161inou \u201ekonspira\u010dn\u00ed\u201c a z pohledu odborn\u00edk\u016f naprosto scestn\u00e1 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed. Je s podivem, jak \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b se t\u011bmto nesmysl\u016fm da\u0159\u00ed ovliv\u0148ovat \u010d\u00e1st populace. Bohu\u017eel se zde projevuje tendence mnoh\u00fdch uv\u011b\u0159it sn\u00e1ze \u201etajemnu\u201c a\u00a0 nikoliv racion\u00e1ln\u00edmu vysv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Kondenza\u010dn\u00ed stopy mohou vznikat na bezobla\u010dn\u00e9m nebi jako p\u0159irozen\u00fd d\u016fsledek prom\u00edch\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed chladn\u00e9ho vzduchu s hork\u00fdmi produkty spalov\u00e1n\u00ed keros\u00ednu. Chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed plynn\u00fdch a pevn\u00fdch slo\u017eek t\u011bchto leteck\u00fdch emis\u00ed i jejich p\u016fsoben\u00ed na okoln\u00ed vzduch je zn\u00e1mo. Na p\u0159irozen\u00fdch i dodan\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic\u00edch vznikaj\u00ed nejprve drobn\u00e9 vodn\u00ed kapky, kter\u00e9 rychle mrznou na ledov\u00e9 krystalky vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00edc\u00ed kondenza\u010dn\u00ed stopu. Na vzhled a dobu trv\u00e1n\u00ed kondenza\u010dn\u00edch stop maj\u00ed vliv p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vlhkost a teplota okoln\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Pokud je okoln\u00ed vzduch p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 such\u00fd nebo tepl\u00fd, kondenza\u010dn\u00ed stopa nevznikne nebo miz\u00ed kr\u00e1tce po pr\u016fletu letadla. Pokud naopak okoln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed obsahuje dostate\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry, p\u016fvodn\u011b drobn\u00e9 ledov\u00e9 krystalky d\u00e1le rostou, a t\u00edm stopu je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zviditel\u0148uj\u00ed. O dal\u0161\u00edm vzhledu stopy rozhoduj\u00ed i vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed pohyby vzduchu. Pokud se v m\u00edst\u011b stopy vyskytuj\u00ed sestupn\u00e9 pohyby, doch\u00e1z\u00ed rychleji k jej\u00edmu rozpou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b velk\u00e1 horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed prom\u011bnlivost vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch pohyb\u016f p\u0159i rozvln\u011bn\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e m\u00e1 na sv\u011bdom\u00ed \u201emizen\u00ed\u201c nepravideln\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f kondenza\u010dn\u00edch stop, podobn\u011b jako je tomu u p\u0159irozen\u00e9 obla\u010dnosti. Turbulence proud\u011bn\u00ed pak zp\u016fsobuje r\u016fzn\u00e9 deformace stop, tvorbu r\u016fzn\u00fdch vln \u010di \u201ekli\u010dek\u201c, apod. Pokud je stopa stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt proud\u011bn\u00edm vzduchu p\u0159enesena na zna\u010dn\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti. V extr\u00e9mn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se stopy mohou roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it natolik, a\u017e se zcela propoj\u00ed a vytvo\u0159\u00ed tak souvislou vrstvu p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 ledov\u00e9 oblaky \u2010 cirry. \u010casto se stopy hojn\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159i v\u00fdskytu p\u0159irozen\u00fdch cirr\u016f, od nich\u017e je pak ji\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nelze odli\u0161it. O vzhledu stopy rozhoduje i nasv\u00edcen\u00ed Sluncem. Podobn\u011b jako jin\u00e1 p\u0159irozen\u00e1 obla\u010dnost i kondenza\u010dn\u00ed stopa m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdy vypadat sv\u011btle, jindy tmav\u011b, a m\u016f\u017ee rovn\u011b\u017e vrhat st\u00edny na n\u00ed\u017ee le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed \u0159\u00eddk\u00e9 vrstvy vysok\u00e9 nebo st\u0159edn\u00ed obla\u010dnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jako jedn\u00edm z \u201ed\u016fkaz\u016f chemtrails\u201c, maj\u00edc\u00edch souvislost s meteorologi\u00ed, je \u010dasto argumentov\u00e1no i r\u016fzn\u00fdmi pokusy o um\u011bl\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy do po\u010das\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prob\u00edhaj\u00ed v n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech sv\u011bta. Podobn\u00e9 akce \u010di experimenty v\u0161ak vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jin\u00e9 technick\u00e9 prost\u0159edky ne\u017e civiln\u00ed dopravn\u00ed letadla a s kondenza\u010dn\u00edmi stopami za letadly je nelze v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zam\u011b\u0148ovat. Nav\u00edc oblasti, kde se tak d\u011bje, jsou mimo \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR, kter\u00e9 je pro podobn\u00e9 experimenty klimatologicky zcela nevhodn\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z\u00e1v\u011brem nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e apelovat na zdrav\u00fd rozum a v kondenza\u010dn\u00edch stop\u00e1ch nehledat, co tam nen\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>\u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>\u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Katedra meteorologie a ochrany prost\u0159ed\u00ed Matematicko<\/em><em>\u2010<\/em><em>fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulty Univerzity Karlovy<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>\u010cesk\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zdroj:\u00a0<u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.army.cz\/images\/id_15001_16000\/15635\/011.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">army.cz<\/a><\/u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.army.cz\/images\/id_15001_16000\/15635\/011.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0nebo tak\u00e9 na\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.flymag.cz\/article.php?id=4544\">http:\/\/www.flymag.cz\/article.php?id=4544<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>-pl- 27.2.2019<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d371d39 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d371d39\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-89a8a23\" data-id=\"89a8a23\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a9e4ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8a9e4ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aacd115 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aacd115\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MEZIN\u00c1RODN\u00cd \u00daSP\u011aCH ODBORN\u00ddCH \u010cL\u00c1NK\u016e PUBLIKOVAN\u00ddCH V METEOROLOGICK\u00ddCH ZPR\u00c1V\u00c1CH<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c3ffaf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c3ffaf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Odborn\u00edci \u010cHM\u00da jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159ady mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch org\u00e1\u00adn\u016f, vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a hodnot\u00edc\u00edch komis\u00ed. Jedn\u00edm z t\u011bchto org\u00e1\u00adn\u016f je tzv. Emission Factor Database (EFDB), kter\u00e1 je sou\u010d\u00e1s\u00adt\u00ed technick\u00e9 jednotky Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edho Panelu pro zm\u011bnu klimatu. Do hodnot\u00edc\u00ed komise t\u00e9to datab\u00e1ze jsou vyb\u00edr\u00e1ni odborn\u00edci se zku\u0161enostmi s vykazov\u00e1n\u00edm emis\u00ed a propad\u016f sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch ply\u00adn\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b sv\u00fdch odborn\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Do datab\u00e1ze jsou odes\u00edl\u00e1ny n\u00e1vrhy pro za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed nov\u011b vyvi\u00adnut\u00fdch, zm\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch a v\u011bdecky podlo\u017een\u00fdch emisn\u00edch faktor\u016f pro reporting emis\u00ed a propad\u016f sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Experti hod\u00adnot\u00edc\u00ed komise pak rozhoduj\u00ed, zda je v\u00fdzkum dostate\u010dn\u011b podlo\u00ad\u017een\u00fd, data jsou exaktn\u00ed a vyvinut\u00e9 emisn\u00ed faktory jsou relevantn\u00ed pro vykazov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed a propad\u016f sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u00e9to komise je nyn\u00ed i sou\u010dasn\u00e1 koordin\u00e1torka \u010desk\u00e9 inventarizace emis\u00ed a propad\u016f sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f E. Krtkov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 b\u011bhem leto\u0161n\u00edho setk\u00e1n\u00ed hodnot\u00edc\u00ed komise EFDB navrh\u00adla \u010dl\u00e1nek publikovan\u00fd v Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch, The PHOENIX calculation model for emission estimates of f-gases used in refrigeration and air conditioning (Ondru\u0161ov\u00e1, Krtkov\u00e1 2018). Tato publikace byla ostatn\u00edmi \u010dleny komise velmi pozi\u00adtivn\u011b p\u0159ijata a emisn\u00ed faktory v n\u00ed publikovan\u00e9 budou nyn\u00ed sou\u00ad\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed EFDB. Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hodnoty emisn\u00edch faktor\u016f jsou v r\u00e1mci datab\u00e1ze odkazov\u00e1ny na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed publikaci, tud\u00ed\u017e i tato, publi\u00adkovan\u00e1 v Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch, bude jej\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Literatura:<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">ONDRU\u0160OV\u00c1, B., KRTKOV\u00c1, E., 2018. The PHOENIX calcu\u00adlation model for emission estimates of f-gases used in refrigera- tion and air conditioning. Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 71, \u010d. 1, s. 24-29. ISSN 0026-1173.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Eva Krtkov\u00e1, MZ 2018\/6, ro\u010d. 71, str. 185<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-88b6fbf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"88b6fbf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f5fa12a\" data-id=\"f5fa12a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bba0258 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bba0258\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9ee016 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f9ee016\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MIMO\u0158\u00c1DN\u00c1 ZPR\u00c1VA IPCC K OTEPLEN\u00cd O 1,5 \u00b0C<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53a6d82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53a6d82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00ed panel pro zm\u011bnu klimatu (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC) publikoval 8. \u0159\u00edjna 2018 prv\u00adn\u00ed ze t\u0159\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v, kter\u00e9 jsou napl\u00e1nov\u00e1ny do roku 2021. Zpr\u00e1va s n\u00e1zvem \u201eGlob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplen\u00ed o 1,5 \u00b0C\u201c m\u00e1 pod\u00adtitul \u201eSpeci\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1va IPCC o dopadech glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteple\u00adn\u00ed o 1,5 \u00b0C ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edindustri\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovn\u00ed a v\u00fdvoj glo\u00adb\u00e1ln\u00edch emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f v souvislosti s pos\u00edlen\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed reakce na ohro\u017een\u00ed klimatickou zm\u011bnou, s udr\u00ad\u017eiteln\u00fdm rozvojem a s \u00fasil\u00edm o vym\u00fdcen\u00ed chudoby\u201c. Zpr\u00e1va byla p\u0159ipravena na z\u00e1klad\u011b po\u017eadavku, uveden\u00e9ho v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 dohod\u011b z roku 2015, \u0161irok\u00fdm t\u00fdmem v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 autor\u016f, s vyu\u017eit\u00edm v\u00edce ne\u017e 6 000 citovan\u00fdch publikac\u00ed. Podle pra\u00advidel IPCC byla zpr\u00e1va pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednkovan\u00e1 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u00ad\u0161en\u00fdmi experty a v posledn\u00ed f\u00e1zi i vl\u00e1dami \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Auto\u0159i p\u0159ipravili stru\u010dn\u00e9 shrnut\u00ed 800str\u00e1nkov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy pro politick\u00e9 p\u0159edstavitele (tzv. Summary for Policy Makers), kter\u00e9 bylo rovn\u011b\u017e posuzov\u00e1no \u0161irok\u00fdm t\u00fdmem expert\u016f a diplomat\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/2018_05_IPCC.JPG\" alt=\"\" \/>Zpr\u00e1va je \u010dlen\u011bna do p\u011bti z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, od popi\u00adsu aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edho se klimatu a jeho projekce do budouc\u00edch desetilet\u00ed, p\u0159es popis mo\u017en\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f sni\u017eo\u00adv\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, dopady oteplen\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edrod\u00adn\u00ed a antropogenn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, mo\u017enosti reakce lidstva na tento probl\u00e9m, a\u017e k hodnocen\u00ed udr\u017eitelnosti a k mo\u017enostem zmen\u00ad\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed chudoby a nerovnost\u00ed. O tom, \u017ee zm\u011bna klimatu pro\u00adb\u00edh\u00e1 a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed lidstvu probl\u00e9my, u\u017e nikdo nepochybuje, pro\u00adto pova\u017euji za nutn\u00e9 zm\u00ednit, \u017ee aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed modely ukazuj\u00ed velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl v dopadech pro lidskou spole\u010dnost a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9\u00admy p\u0159i oteplen\u00ed o 1,5 nebo o 2,0 \u00b0C. Zpr\u00e1va v\u0161ak ukazuje, \u017ee udr\u017een\u00ed r\u016fstu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed teploty pod 2,0 \u00b0C p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 zah\u00e1\u00adjen\u00ed mas\u00edvn\u00edho sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f ji\u017e do roku 2030, s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm poklesem na tzv. \u010distou nulu v polovin\u011b stolet\u00ed (zbytkov\u00e9 emise budou dorovn\u00e1ny tzv. pro\u00adpady uhl\u00edk\u016f nap\u0159\u00edklad z nov\u00fdch lesn\u00edch porost\u016f nebo zachy\u00adt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm uhl\u00edku p\u0159\u00edmo na zdroj\u00edch). Toho lze v\u0161ak dos\u00e1hnout jen radik\u00e1ln\u00edmi zm\u011bnami v energetice, pr\u016fmyslu, doprav\u011b, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, lesnictv\u00ed, vodohospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch oborech. Na takov\u00e9 zm\u011bny nen\u00ed lidstvo ani technicky, ani psychicky p\u0159ipraveno, a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj bude proto z\u00e1le\u017eet na politick\u00fdch reprezentac\u00edch jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radim Tolasz, MZ 2018\/5, ro\u010d. 71, str. 137<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5324abb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5324abb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d14e8eb\" data-id=\"d14e8eb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86da620 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"86da620\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-251abce elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"251abce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">30 LET MONTREALSK\u00c9HO PROTOKOLU<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e3de47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e3de47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V roce 1973 vyslovili chemici Frank Sherwood Rowland a Mario Molina teorii, podle kter\u00e9 atom\u00e1rn\u00ed chlor uvol\u0148ovan\u00fd z chlorofluorokarbon\u016f (CFC) p\u016fsoben\u00edm ultrafialov\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed ve stratosf\u00e9\u0159e, m\u016f\u017ee pomoc\u00ed proces\u016f podobn\u00fdch katalytick\u00fdm rozkl\u00e1dat ozon a t\u00edm po\u0161kozovat ozonovou vrstvu. Tato teorie byla zpo\u010d\u00e1tku ter\u010dem kritiky, zejm\u00e9na ze strany chemick\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch kruh\u016f, jejich\u017e ekonomick\u00e9 aktivity byly zalo\u017eeny pr\u00e1v\u011b na vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed CFC. Postupn\u011b se ale st\u00e1le v\u00edce ukazovalo, \u017ee tato teorie je spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 a CFC p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00e9 riziko pro stav ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u011bchto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed byla v roce 1985 podeps\u00e1na V\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e1 konvence o ochran\u011b ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy. \u0160lo o r\u00e1mcovou dohodu, bez konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f na redukci emis\u00ed CFC. V platnost vstoupila po ratifikaci ve 20 zem\u00edch 22. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1988 a do sou\u010dasnosti ji ratifikovalo 197 st\u00e1t\u016f, tedy prakticky v\u0161echny \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty OSN.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Definitivn\u00ed experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed potvrzen\u00ed Rowlandovy a Molinovy teorie p\u0159i\u0161lo v roce 1985, kdy odborn\u00edci z British Antarctic Survey, Joe Farman, Brian Gardiner a Jonathan Shanklin, detekovali v\u00fdraznou redukci ozonu nad stanic\u00ed Halley Bay v Antarktid\u011b a ta byla nav\u00edc nez\u00e1visle potvrzena odborn\u00edky z NASA pomoc\u00ed satelitn\u00edch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Toto markantn\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed ozonu v oblasti tzv. ozonov\u00e9 d\u00edry vedlo k pot\u0159eb\u011b realizace konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch krok\u016f zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na redukci emis\u00ed CFC. Nav\u00edc mno\u017estv\u00ed ozonu postupn\u011b za\u010dalo klesat nejen v antarktick\u00e9 oblasti, ale i v m\u00edrn\u00fdch zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch obou polokoul\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem politick\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed byla mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed dohoda, kter\u00e1 byla podeps\u00e1na 16. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1987 v Montrealu a kter\u00e1 poprv\u00e9 kvantifikovala po\u017eadavky na sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed l\u00e1tek po\u0161kozuj\u00edc\u00edch ozonovou vrstvu. Tato dohoda je zn\u00e1ma pod n\u00e1zvem Montrealsk\u00fd protokol. Od jej\u00edho podpisu tedy ned\u00e1vno uplynulo 30 let.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Montrealsk\u00fd protokol vstoupil v platnost 1. 1. 1989 a do sou\u010dasnosti ho ratifikovalo rovn\u011b\u017e v\u0161ech 197 \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f OSN. Z tohoto pohledu jsou V\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e1 \u00famluva o ochran\u011b ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy a Montrealsk\u00fd protokol prvn\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u011b ratifikovan\u00e9 dohody v historii OSN.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Montrealsk\u00fd protokol p\u0159edstavoval ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b \u201emaximum mo\u017en\u00e9ho\u201c, ale je\u0161t\u011b zdaleka nezaru\u010doval \u00fa\u010dinnou ochranu ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy v takov\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e, jak bylo t\u0159eba. Postupn\u011b ov\u0161em bylo p\u0159ijato n\u011bkolik jeho reviz\u00ed a dodatk\u016f. Mezi ty podstatn\u00e9 dodatky pat\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na Lond\u00fdnsk\u00fd (1990), Koda\u0148sk\u00fd (1992), Montrealsk\u00fd (1997), Pekingsk\u00fd (1999) a dodatek z Kigali (2016 &#8211; je\u0161t\u011b nevstoupil v platnost). Lze konstatovat, \u017ee teprve koda\u0148sk\u00fd dodatek z roku 1992 znamenal takov\u00e9 zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed emis\u00ed CFC a dal\u0161\u00edch l\u00e1tek po\u0161kozuj\u00edc\u00edch ozonovou vrstvu, kter\u00e9 mohlo v\u00e9st k jej\u00ed postupn\u00e9 regeneraci v pr\u016fb\u011bhu 21. stolet\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Montrealsk\u00fd protokol a jeho dodatky postupn\u011b vedly k n\u00e1hrad\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch CFC (chlorofluorokarbony) m\u00e9n\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi HCFC (hydrochlorofluorokarbony). I ty jsou ale postupn\u011b nahrazov\u00e1ny slou\u010deninami typu HFC (hydrofluorokarbony). HFC neobsahuj\u00ed chlor, nejsou tedy nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pro ozonovou vrstvu, jsou to ale siln\u00e9 sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny. P\u0159itom jsou st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e (nap\u0159. HFC-134a v automobilov\u00fdch klimatizac\u00edch). Jejich redukc\u00ed a n\u00e1hradou za m\u00e9n\u011b sklen\u00edkov\u011b aktivn\u00ed slou\u010deniny se zab\u00fdval nap\u0159. dodatek z Kigali (2016). Je zde tedy vid\u011bt celkem jasn\u00e9 propojen\u00ed problematiky ochrany ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy (Montrealsk\u00fd protokol a jeho dodatky) a problematiky ochrany klimatu (Kj\u00f3tsk\u00fd protokol, resp. Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e1 dohoda).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00fdsledky Montrealsk\u00e9ho protokolu a jeho dodatk\u016f jsou nesporn\u00e9 a jasn\u011b m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9. K nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed ozono- v\u00e9 vrstvy doch\u00e1zelo v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. Od t\u00e9 doby koncentrace reaktivn\u00edho chloru ve stratosf\u00e9\u0159e zvolna klesaj\u00ed, mno\u017estv\u00ed ozonu v m\u00edrn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch obou polokoul\u00ed zvolna roste a i rozsah a hloubka ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed ozonov\u00e9 d\u00edry nad Antarktidou za\u010daly vykazovat klesaj\u00edc\u00ed trend. N\u00e1vrat ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy do jej\u00edho p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho stavu ale i tak potrv\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed, a lze ho p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat n\u011bkdy ve t\u0159et\u00ed \u010dtvrtin\u011b 21. stolet\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">U\u017e dnes lze ale konstatovat, \u017ee Montrealsk\u00fd protokol se stal dosud nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dohodou podobn\u00e9ho typu.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Ladislav Metelka, MZ 2018\/2, ro\u010d. 71, str. 38<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e6539a5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e6539a5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f7451a8\" data-id=\"f7451a8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75be30c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"75be30c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3399a76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3399a76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010cesk\u00e1 republika se stala pr\u00e1voplatnou smluvn\u00ed stranou Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 dohody<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ef8d99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ef8d99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se bude moci zapojit do aktivn\u00edho rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o pravidlech napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed o ochranu klimatu.<em>\u00a0\u201eJe symbolick\u00e9, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republiko po zdlouhav\u00fdch debat\u00e1ch v Poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovn\u011b dokon\u010dila ratifikaci a stala se smluvn\u00ed stranou p\u0159esn\u011b rok pot\u00e9, co Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e1 dohoda vstoupila v platnost,&#8221;uvedl ministr \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Richard Brabec.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e1 dohoda byla p\u0159ijata 12. prosince 2015, v platnost vstoupila 4. listopadu 2016 pot\u00e9, co se k n\u00ed p\u0159ipojilo 55 st\u00e1t\u016f se souhrn\u00adn\u00fdm 55procentn\u00edm pod\u00edlem na glob\u00e1ln\u00edch emis\u00edch sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f a naplnily se tak podm\u00ednky pro jej\u00ed platnost. Nyn\u00ed m\u00e1 Dohoda 169 smluvn\u00edch stran, k nim\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 Evrop\u00adsk\u00e1 unie a v\u0161echny jej\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e1 dohoda upravuje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1\u00adsady mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany klimatu pro ob\u00addob\u00ed po roce 2020, kdy by m\u011bla nahradit dosavadn\u00ed Kj\u00f3tsk\u00fd protokol. Jej\u00edm dlouho\u00addob\u00fdm c\u00edlem je p\u0159isp\u011bt k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f a t\u00edm k udr\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fstu pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed teploty v\u00fdrazn\u011b pod hranic\u00ed 2 \u00b0C v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s obdob\u00edm p\u0159ed pr\u016fmyslovou revoluc\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na z\u00e1klad\u011b Dohody se \u010cesko spole\u010dn\u011b s ostatn\u00edmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty Unie zav\u00e1zalo ke spole\u010dn\u00e9mu c\u00edli sn\u00ed\u017eit do roku 2030 emi\u00adse sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f o nejm\u00e9n\u011b 40 procent ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rokem 1990. Tento spole\u010dn\u00fd c\u00edl Evropsk\u00e9 unie a jej\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f byl p\u0159ijat Evropskou radou u\u017e v roce 2014. \u010ces\u00adk\u00e1 republika by s napln\u011bn\u00edm sv\u00e9ho z\u00e1vazku nem\u011bla m\u00edt za sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu probl\u00e9m. Po roce 2020 bude ale nutn\u00e9 realizovat i u n\u00e1s razantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kroky vedouc\u00ed ke sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed masivn\u00ed zateplov\u00e1n\u00ed budov a dom\u016f z progra\u00admu Nov\u00e1 zelen\u00e1 \u00faspor\u00e1m a z Opera\u010dn\u00edho programu \u017divotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pod\u00ed\u00adlu OZE nejenom v dom\u00e1cnostech, zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed chytr\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed v obc\u00edch a m\u011bstech v\u010detn\u011b podpory elektromobility.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na rozd\u00edl od Kj\u00f3tsk\u00e9ho protokolu ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 Dohoda povinnosti v\u0161em st\u00e1t\u016fm bez rozd\u00edlu. Hospod\u00e1\u0159sky vysp\u011bl\u00e9 i rozvojov\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jsou povinny stanovit si reduk\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1vazky sni\u017eo\u00adv\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed. Jejich napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed se bude pravi\u00addeln\u011b v p\u011btilet\u00fdch intervalech vyhodnocovat.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dohoda d\u00e1le formuluje glob\u00e1ln\u00ed adapta\u010d\u00adn\u00ed c\u00edl, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 v\u00e9st k pos\u00edlen\u00ed schopnost\u00ed jed\u00adnotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f se adaptovat na zm\u011bnu klima\u00adtu a b\u00fdt odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di negativn\u00edm projev\u016fm zm\u011bny klimatu. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 vymezuje r\u00e1mec opat\u0159en\u00ed na vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farovni a v oblasti spolupr\u00e1ce a podpory rozvojov\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Rozvinut\u00e9 st\u00e1ty maj\u00ed s Dohodou tak\u00e9 povinnost p\u0159isp\u00edvat finan\u010dn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky na opat\u0159en\u00ed v oblastech sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed skle\u00adn\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f a adaptace na zm\u011bnu klima\u00adtu v nejchud\u0161\u00edch rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Podle Dohody mohou opat\u0159en\u00ed finan\u010dn\u011b podpo\u0159it i rozvojov\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 jsou ji\u017e natolik hospo\u00add\u00e1\u0159sky vysp\u011bl\u00e9, \u017ee i ony jsou schopny se pod\u00ed\u00adlet na financov\u00e1n\u00ed klimatick\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b smluvn\u00ed strany projed\u00adn\u00e1vaj\u00ed podrobn\u00e1 pravidla pro praktick\u00e9 napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed Dohody. Ta maj\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ijata u\u017e na zased\u00e1n\u00ed smluvn\u00edch stran v roce 2018 v polsk\u00fdch Katovic\u00edch.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Priorita, Informa\u010dn\u00ed zpravodaj St\u00e1tn\u00edho fondu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR, \u010d. 12, prosinec 2017<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dne 5. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2017 dala Poslaneck\u00e1 sn\u011bmovna souhlas s ratifikac\u00ed (d\u0159\u00edve u\u017e tak u\u010dinil Sen\u00e1t),\u00a0prezident dokon\u010dil kroky k ratifikaci sv\u00fdm podpisem 14. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2017. Ratifikace nastala 5. \u0159\u00edjna, samotn\u00e1 dohoda pro \u010ceskou republiku vstoupila v platnost 4. listopadu 2017.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radim Tolasz, Pavel Lipina, 15. ledna 2018<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2fe2b61 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2fe2b61\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4382a78\" data-id=\"4382a78\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d093337 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d093337\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb4fecd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb4fecd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bbd0cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4bbd0cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dne 21. prosince 2017 byl z\u0159\u00edzen FB profil \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>-pl- 15.1.2018<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a41b2b1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a41b2b1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b8d937\" data-id=\"4b8d937\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33f5bf3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"33f5bf3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"403\" height=\"621\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_198.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9450\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_198.jpg 403w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_198-195x300.jpg 195w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 403px) 100vw, 403px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-958205f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"958205f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dv\u011b leteck\u00e1 osmdes\u00e1tilet\u00e1 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bc94b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6bc94b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Prvn\u00ed upom\u00edn\u00e1 na slavnostn\u00ed zah\u00e1jen\u00ed provozu na nov\u00e9m leti\u0161ti Praha Ruzyn\u011b, kter\u00e9 nahradilo civiln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st dosavadn\u00edho vojensk\u00e9ho leti\u0161t\u011b Kbely. Provoz byl zah\u00e1jen 5. dubna 1937, kdy\u017e v 9,30 hodin na nov\u00e9m leti\u0161ti p\u0159ist\u00e1lo prvn\u00ed letadlo \u010cesk\u00e9 leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti na lince Pie\u0161\u0165any \u2013 Zl\u00edn \u2013 Brno \u2013 Praha.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Druh\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed se t\u00fdk\u00e1 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed skv\u011bl\u00e9 publikace, kter\u00e1 podstatn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bla ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich odborn\u00edk\u016f v leteck\u00e9 meteorologii a zkvalitnila meteorologick\u00e9 zabezpe\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed leteck\u00e9 dopravy.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/dve-letecka-osmdesatileta-vyroci\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3637e49 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3637e49\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47488c9\" data-id=\"47488c9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7d7a64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d7d7a64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"246\" height=\"340\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1747_spis.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-9460\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1747_spis.jpg 246w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1747_spis-217x300.jpg 217w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 246px) 100vw, 246px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-370b66e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"370b66e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jak meteorologie kr\u00e1\u010dela d\u011bjinami, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u010desk\u00fdmi<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24083c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24083c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Je moc dob\u0159e, \u017ee slav\u00edme jen kulat\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed kon\u010d\u00edc\u00ed nulou, jako nap\u0159. 70 let Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v. Kdybychom si p\u0159ipom\u00ednali i v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed mimo des\u00edtky, letos nap\u0159. 374. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vyn\u00e1lezu tlakom\u011bru, nebo 57. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed prvn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 dru\u017eice TIROS I, to by byly sam\u00e9 konference, semin\u00e1\u0159e, chlastoplesy a opi\u00e1\u0161e, jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1val zv\u011b\u010dn\u011bl\u00fd n\u00e1m\u011bstek \u0159editele \u010cHM\u00da dr. Mari\u00e1n Wolek, a k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci bychom se nedostali. V\u00a0meteorologii se toho toti\u017e za posledn\u00edch v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b tis\u00edcilet\u00ed hodn\u011b ud\u00e1lo.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/jak-meteorologie-kracela-dejinami-zvlaste-ceskymi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a50d388 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a50d388\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0527ec1\" data-id=\"0527ec1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c678ccc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c678ccc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"209\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_199-300x209.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8961\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_199-300x209.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_199.jpg 575w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d44d222 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d44d222\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">10 LET S INFORMA\u010cN\u00cdM SYST\u00c9MEM VISUAL WEATHER V P\u0158EDPOV\u011aDN\u00cd SLU\u017dB\u011a<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef205bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef205bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Letos uplynulo 10 let od chv\u00edle, kdy byla na p\u016fd\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu provedena prvn\u00ed instalace informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu Visual Weather a kdy se tak za\u010dala ps\u00e1t historie vyu\u017eit\u00ed tohoto komplexn\u00edho n\u00e1stroje na centr\u00e1ln\u00edm i region\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch pracovi\u0161t\u00edch a na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch leteck\u00e9 meteorologie. Za tu dobu se Visual Weather stal jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch a v ur\u010dit\u00fdch ohledech dost mo\u017en\u00e1 i nepostradateln\u00fdch pomocn\u00edk\u016f meteorologa v p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eb\u011b. Slou\u017e\u00ed k prohl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a prezentaci podkladov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f ve form\u011b map, meteogram\u016f, aerologick\u00fdch diagram\u016f, hodograf\u016f nebo tabulek obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch jak pozorovan\u00e9 \u00fadaje, tak v\u00fdstupy numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch model\u016f. Tyto produkty lze manu\u00e1ln\u011b i automaticky exportovat a d\u00e1le distribuovat pro pot\u0159eby dal\u0161\u00edch odb\u011bratel\u016f mimo \u010cHM\u00da.<\/p><p>Sou\u010dasn\u011b je syst\u00e9m v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b ji\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u00edm n\u00e1strojem tvorby obecn\u00fdch i speci\u00e1ln\u00edch textov\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed ve form\u011b ikon ukl\u00e1dan\u00fdch do xml soubor\u016f. Prvn\u00edm produktem odeslan\u00fdm z p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed aplikace &#8211; Message Editoru &#8211; byla na CPP v kv\u011btnu 2010 p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f pro evropsk\u00e1 m\u011bsta ve form\u011b ikon. P\u016fvodn\u00ed, ru\u010dn\u011b kreslenou front\u00e1ln\u00ed anal\u00fdzu nahradila velmi brzy po nasazen\u00ed Visual Weather do provozu front\u00e1ln\u00ed anal\u00fdza prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e1 za pomoci zde dostupn\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroje. Nadto se Visual Weather vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k pravideln\u00e9 tvorb\u011b objektivn\u00edch anal\u00fdz vybran\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch parametr\u016f, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed mj. i jako podklad pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159i tvorb\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch front\u00e1ln\u00edch anal\u00fdz. Mo\u017enosti syst\u00e9mu d\u00e1le v\u00fdznamn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159uje schopnost zpracov\u00e1vat r\u016fzn\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed typy dat nebo n\u00e1stroj, s jeho\u017e pomoc\u00ed lze prov\u00e9st v\u00fdpo\u010det dodate\u010dn\u00fdch diagnostick\u00fdch pol\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm dat numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch model\u016f. \u0158adu \u00fakon\u016f, jak\u00fdmi mohou b\u00fdt automatick\u00e1 tvorba n\u011bkter\u00fdch produkt\u016f nebo uveden\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010det dodate\u010dn\u00fdch pol\u00ed, lze v syst\u00e9mu zav\u00e9st jako napl\u00e1novanou \u00falohu.<\/p><p>V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se dokon\u010duje implementace nov\u00e9 d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed aplikace pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Syst\u00e9mu integrovan\u00e9 v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eby (SIVS) a Smogov\u00e9ho varovn\u00e9ho a regula\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu (SVRS) a zm\u011bny navazuj\u00edc\u00edch intern\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f. Aplikace &#8211; Alert Editor &#8211; vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 napojen\u00ed na datab\u00e1zi Visual Weather a jej\u00ed vlastn\u00ed datab\u00e1ze je zalo\u017eena na struktu\u0159e v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9ho protokolu (Common Alerting Protocol, CAP), kter\u00fd je z\u00e1rove\u0148 hlavn\u00edm v\u00fdstupn\u00edm produktem. Od z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2017 jsou ji\u017e v tomto form\u00e1tu dod\u00e1v\u00e1na data na v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00fd port\u00e1l Meteoalarm.eu. P\u0159echod ke v\u0161eobecn\u00e9mu v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9mu protokolu umo\u017en\u00ed snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed a filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdstrah p\u0159ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi meteorologick\u00fdmi jevy, v\u010detn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch doprovodn\u00fdch text\u016f. Toto zaru\u010d\u00ed mo\u017enost adresn\u00e9ho informov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatele v\u00fdstrahy, kter\u00e9ho se varov\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b t\u00fdk\u00e1, p\u0159i zna\u010dn\u00e9m omezen\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u00e9ho informa\u010dn\u00edho \u0161umu, ke kter\u00e9mu n\u011bkdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0d\u016fsledku distribuce v\u00fdstrah popisuj\u00edc\u00edch situaci z hlediska cel\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. V dosavadn\u00edm SIVS nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 odd\u011blit oblasti a jevy, u nich\u017e nedo\u0161lo p\u0159i aktualizaci v\u00fdstrahy k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b, a v\u00fdstraha tak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00edcen\u00e1sobn\u011b distribuov\u00e1na i do oblast\u00ed, jich\u017e se zm\u011bna net\u00fdk\u00e1. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato vlastnost sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu byla v minulosti, nap\u0159. v souvislosti s \u010dervnov\u00fdmi povodn\u011bmi v roce 2013, p\u0159edm\u011btem velk\u00e9 kritiky.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Datab\u00e1ze Visual Weather obsahuje data z profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch i automatick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch stanic, data z aerologick\u00fdch sond\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, data ze stanic silni\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, vodn\u00ed stavy a pr\u016ftoky, radarov\u00e1 a dru\u017eicov\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a v\u00fdstupy numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch model\u016f. P\u0159edpov\u011bdi meteorolog\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed i nad\u00e1le zahrnuty jen v\u00a0podob\u011b ucelen\u00fdch produkt\u016f (text\u016f a tabulek). Posledn\u00ed verze informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu v\u0161ak umo\u017en\u00ed v r\u00e1mci dal\u0161\u00edho budouc\u00edho v\u00fdvoje funk\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm p\u0159edpov\u00eddan\u00fdm hodnot\u00e1m vybran\u00fdm na z\u00e1klad\u011b zvolen\u00e9ho parametru, m\u00edsta a \u010dasu, a bude tak mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00a0p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed meteorolog\u016f snadno sestavovat velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch produkt\u016f, zobrazovat jejich p\u0159edpov\u011bdi v map\u00e1ch a vyvinout syst\u00e9m hodnocen\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti i bodov\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed. To pom\u016f\u017ee ke zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed regionalizace obecn\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed i v\u00fdstrah.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mo\u017enosti informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu Visual Weather se s postupuj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dasem st\u00e1le rozr\u016fstaj\u00ed. Je to d\u00e1no t\u00edm, \u017ee tento syst\u00e9m dnes vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro svou pr\u00e1ci pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eby ji\u017e na v\u0161ech kontinentech, v\u010detn\u011b meteorologick\u00fdch stanic v Antarktid\u011b. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 syst\u00e9mu tvo\u0159\u00ed komunitu, kter\u00e1 se pravideln\u011b setk\u00e1v\u00e1, a vz\u00e1jemn\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna informac\u00ed o vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00fdch produktech a zp\u016fsobech pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f vede k\u00a0rozvoji mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce a bohat\u00e9 a pro budouc\u00ed v\u00fdvoj d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 inspiraci dom\u00e1c\u00ed slu\u017eby i samotn\u00e9ho tv\u016frce informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Pavel Borovi\u010dka, MZ 2017\/6, ro\u010d. 70, str. 199-200<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-82a86e3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"82a86e3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad555da\" data-id=\"ad555da\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66772c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"66772c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"575\" height=\"674\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8962\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_200.jpg 575w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_200-256x300.jpg 256w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-848fa3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"848fa3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"578\" height=\"437\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_200_1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8963\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_200_1.jpg 578w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_6_200_1-300x227.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 578px) 100vw, 578px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c9af92\" data-id=\"7c9af92\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e1bfdac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e1bfdac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b615015\" data-id=\"b615015\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e41669 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e41669\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"230\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_06_193_1-300x230.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8968\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_06_193_1-300x230.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_06_193_1.jpg 711w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94603a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"94603a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">NOV\u00dd KOMUNIKA\u010cN\u00cd PROTOKOL V\u00ddSTRA\u017dN\u00ddCH ZPR\u00c1V - CAP<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4efb67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4efb67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed p\u00edsmena v\u00fdrazu Common Alerting Protocol se v posledn\u00edch letech stala symbolem sjednocen\u00ed a zobecn\u011bn\u00ed form\u00e1tu sd\u011blen\u00ed obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho informaci o bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edm se nebo ji\u017e pozorovan\u00e9m nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, o jeho lokalizaci, dob\u011b trv\u00e1n\u00ed, doporu\u010den\u00e9m zp\u016fsobu chov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b odkazu na podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace z autorizovan\u00e9ho zdroje. St\u00e1le intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pot\u0159eba univerz\u00e1ln\u00edho protokolu byla p\u0159edur\u010dena jak \u010detnost\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch katastrof s nar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edm po\u010dtem ob\u011bt\u00ed, tak rozvojem telekomunikac\u00ed, informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed navigace i prost\u0159edk\u016f d\u00e1lkov\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu Zem\u011b. Sb\u011brn\u00e1 centra v\u00fdstrah umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00ed podle pot\u0159eby filtrovan\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v, a\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o pohyb hurik\u00e1n\u016f, vlny tsunami, sesuvy p\u016fdy, \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vulkanick\u00e9ho prachu, zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed, nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 projevy po\u010das\u00ed nebo \u00faniky chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek. Standard CAP je propagov\u00e1n pod z\u00e1\u0161titou Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace (WMO), Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed unie (ITU) a odborn\u00e9 komise pro krizov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (OASIS) prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00edch workshop\u016f &#8211; v roce 2016 prob\u011bhlo jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v Bangkoku s c\u00edlem podpo\u0159it zaveden\u00ed protokolu CAP v Asii a Indon\u00e9sii. Dosud se nov\u00fd form\u00e1t v\u00fdstrah roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il z americk\u00e9ho kontinentu do Austr\u00e1lie, ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky, n\u011bkolika zem\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u00ed polokoule a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Meteoalarmu se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 na evropsk\u00fd kontinent.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00fdvoj univerz\u00e1ln\u00edho protokolu nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho na technologi\u00edch a varovn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech provozovan\u00fdch v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech sv\u011bta byl iniciov\u00e1n doporu\u010den\u00edm N\u00e1rodn\u00ed rady pro v\u011bdu a technologii USA (NTSC), kter\u00e1 koncem roku 2000 ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b o pot\u0159eb\u011b efektivn\u00edho varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed katastrofami doporu\u010dila vyvinout standardn\u00ed metodu pro okam\u017eit\u00fd a automatick\u00fd sb\u011br a p\u0159enos v\u00fdstrah na v\u0161echny typy rizika od lok\u00e1ln\u00edho a\u017e po n\u00e1rodn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko. Pracovn\u00ed skupina 130 odborn\u00edk\u016f z r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed s vyu\u017eit\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00fdch poznatk\u016f o krizov\u00fdch situac\u00edch a reakc\u00edch lid\u00ed v posti\u017een\u00fdch oblastech odsouhlasila prvn\u00ed verzi protokolu v roce 2001. B\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dvou let byl protokol testov\u00e1n ve Virginii a Kalifornii a v\u00a0roce 2004 p\u0159ijat jako standard OASIS CAP 1.0. V roce 2007 byla ve spolupr\u00e1ci s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed uni\u00ed ITU uvoln\u011bna verze 1.1 zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed ASN.1 a v roce 2008 po zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00ednek u\u017eivatel\u016f dosud platn\u00e1 verze CAP 1.2.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mezi v\u00fdhody nov\u00e9ho protokolu pat\u0159\u00ed bezesporu mo\u017enost publikovat v\u00fdstrahu sou\u010dasn\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky, od slo\u017eek civiln\u00ed ochrany p\u0159es rozli\u010dn\u00e1 m\u00e9dia, webov\u00e9 servery n\u00e1rodn\u00ed i zahrani\u010dn\u00ed, lid\u00e9 se tak o hroz\u00edc\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00ed dozv\u00ed z v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu zdroj\u016f, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje v\u011brohodnost v\u00fdstrahy. Kompatibiln\u00ed sd\u011blen\u00ed nav\u00edc umo\u017e\u0148uje skl\u00e1dat informa\u010dn\u00ed mozaiku u jev\u016f p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch hranice. CAP m\u016f\u017ee prezentovat v\u00fdstrahu ve v\u00edce jazyc\u00edch nebo n\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u00edch. O\u0161et\u0159ena je n\u00e1vaznost up\u0159es\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdstrah nebo naopak v\u010dasn\u00e9ho odvol\u00e1n\u00ed. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed linie souvisej\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdstrah pak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 v procesu verifikace, dokonce v nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. K vymezen\u00ed posti\u017een\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed standardn\u00ed geok\u00f3dy nebo polygony vymezen\u00e9 geografick\u00fdmi sou\u0159adnicemi, oblasti tak lze operativn\u011b zobrazit v map\u00e1ch nebo prost\u0159ed\u00ed GIS.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed katastrofy vy\u017eaduj\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed koordinaci z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch prac\u00ed, v\u010dasn\u00e9 varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed takov\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi tak zvy\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dinnost n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed a poskytuje p\u0159edstih k organizov\u00e1n\u00ed technick\u00e9 a humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci. V Evrop\u011b tuto funkci pln\u00ed koordina\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edisko Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC) pod\u00edlej\u00edc\u00ed se na z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch mis\u00edch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed situaci lze monitorovat na port\u00e1lu ERCC pod z\u00e1lo\u017ekou \u201eECHO Flash\u201c (viz odkazy pod \u010dl\u00e1nkem) s denn\u00edm p\u0159ehledem aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch rizik v r\u00e1mci Evropy i ve sv\u011bt\u011b, s mo\u017enost\u00ed vstupu do archivu. Aktivity ERCC jsou podporov\u00e1ny projektem Copernicus, kter\u00fd je zam\u011b\u0159en na z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat z r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na pak z flotily \u0161esti satelit\u016f Sentinel provozovan\u00fdch Evropskou kosmickou agenturou (ESA). Pokud nastane mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost, je pozastaven v\u011bdeck\u00fd program a satelity jsou vyu\u017eity pro c\u00edlen\u00e9 sn\u00edmkov\u00e1n\u00ed posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti (rapid mapping), jeho\u017e v\u00fdsledky je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase pro z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce nebo pozd\u011bji pro vyhodnocen\u00ed extremity ud\u00e1losti a ekonomick\u00fdch dopad\u016f. Copernicus d\u00e1le podporuje projekty glob\u00e1ln\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed povodn\u00ed (EFAS), pro varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010d\u00edm po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f (EFFIS), pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed monitoring sucha (GDO) a dal\u0161\u00ed. Informa\u010dn\u00ed podporu ERCC bude zaji\u0161\u0165ovat tak\u00e9 projekt integrovan\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed ARISTOTLE (All Risk Integrated System TOwards Trans-boundary Holistic Early-warning) zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na expertn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f katastrof. Do pln\u00e9ho provozu s nep\u0159etr\u017eitou slu\u017ebou by m\u011bl vstoupit b\u011bhem roku 2018.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee syst\u00e9my v\u010dasn\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou velmi \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed a \u017ee jsou kladeny velk\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed obsah v\u00fdstrah. Common Alerting Protocol poskytuje prostor pro spln\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto po\u017eadavk\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uje tvo\u0159it datab\u00e1zi v\u00fdstrah spole\u010dn\u011b s katalogem extr\u00e9mn\u00edch projev\u016f po\u010das\u00ed a zm\u011bn klimatu a s ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm informac\u00ed o bezprost\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kod\u00e1ch a dlouhodob\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t\u00e1ch (n\u00e1vaznost na Rezoluci 9, Cg-17 WMO). V\u00fdstrahy budou operativn\u011b shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1ny v tzv. Alert Hub WMO napojen\u00e9m na dal\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e1 centra (nap\u0159. krizov\u00e9 mapy Google) rozes\u00edlaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy. Dlouhodob\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem WMO je vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho varovn\u00e9ho syt\u00e9mu Global Meteo Alarm System (GMAS).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Internetov\u00e9 odkazy na projekty a str\u00e1nky zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 v textu:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/erccportal.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/ECHO-Flash\">http:\/\/erccportal.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/ECHO-Flash<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www\/\">http:\/\/www<\/a>.copernicus.eu<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sentinels.copernicus.eu\/web\/sentinel\/home\">https:\/\/sentinels.copernicus.eu\/web\/sentinel\/home<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/emergency\/\">http:\/\/emergency<\/a>.copernicus.eu\/<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/alerthub.meteoalarm.eu\/\">http:\/\/alerthub.meteoalarm.eu\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.org\/crisismap\/weather_and_events\">http:\/\/www.google.org\/crisismap\/weather_and_events<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wmo.int\/pages\/prog\/amp\/pwsp\/CommonAlerting\">http:\/\/www.wmo.int\/pages\/prog\/amp\/pwsp\/CommonAlerting<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Protocol_en.html<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Jan Sulan, MZ 2017\/6, ro\u010d. 70, str. 193 a 197<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-39a7527 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"39a7527\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a8290c7\" data-id=\"a8290c7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46a9611 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"46a9611\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"582\" height=\"388\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_06_193_2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8969\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_06_193_2.jpg 582w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_06_193_2-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-47eff12 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"47eff12\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fe4d971\" data-id=\"fe4d971\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c11990 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3c11990\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"277\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_05_geost-277x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8973\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_05_geost-277x300.jpg 277w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_05_geost.jpg 580w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 277px) 100vw, 277px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62ce3f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"62ce3f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meteorologick\u00e9 geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dru\u017eice nov\u00e9 generace<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4482323 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4482323\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V roce 2017 si evropsk\u00e1 meteorologie p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 40. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dru\u017eice Meteosat-1, prvn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dru\u017eice vyroben\u00e9 Evropskou kosmickou agenturou (European Space Agency, ESA). Start dru\u017eice 23. listopadu 1977 se sice je\u0161t\u011b uskute\u010dnil pomoc\u00ed americk\u00e9ho nosi\u010de Delta, nicm\u00e9n\u011b \u00fasp\u011bch t\u00e9to dru\u017eice inicioval vznik mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace EUMETSAT (European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, Evropsk\u00e1 organizace pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u017eic). EUMETSAT n\u00e1sledn\u011b od ESA p\u0159evzal operativn\u00ed program dru\u017eic Meteosat (p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ESA i nad\u00e1le pro EUMETSAT zaji\u0161tuje v\u00fdvoj a v\u00fdrobu samotn\u00fdch dru\u017eic), v sou\u010dasnosti zastoupen\u00fd dru\u017eicemi Meteosat druh\u00e9 generace (Meteosat Second Generation, MSG). Poj\u010fme se nyn\u00ed stru\u010dn\u011b poohl\u00e9dnout po historii t\u011bchto dru\u017eic, n\u00e1sledn\u011b pak nahl\u00e9dn\u011bme na meteorologick\u00e9 geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dru\u017eice nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, nastupuj\u00edc\u00edch generac\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dru\u017eice (dru\u017eice na geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dr\u00e1ze) jsou dru\u017eice s kruhovou ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hou nad zemsk\u00fdm rovn\u00edkem, s polom\u011brem dr\u00e1hy 42 168 km. Ob\u011b\u017en\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha je zvolena pr\u00e1v\u011b tak, aby ob\u011b\u017en\u00e1 doba dru\u017eice kolem Zem\u011b byla stejn\u00e1 jako doba rotace Zem\u011b. Dru\u017eice tak zd\u00e1nliv\u011b \u201evis\u00ed\u201c nad jedn\u00edm pevn\u00fdm m\u00edstem na Zemi nad zemsk\u00fdm rovn\u00edkem a sn\u00edmaj\u00ed st\u00e1le stejnou oblast zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu, k dru\u017eici p\u0159ivr\u00e1cenou polokouli (nap\u0159. obr. 1).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u016fbec prvn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dru\u017eice byla vypu\u0161t\u011bna v roce 1966 americk\u00fdm N\u00e1rodn\u00edm \u00fa\u0159adem pro letectv\u00ed a kosmonautiku (National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA). Jednalo se o dru\u017eici ATS-1 (Applications Technology Satellite). Prvn\u00ed evropsk\u00e1 geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dru\u017eice, Meteosat-1, byla vypu\u0161t\u011bna o 11 let pozd\u011bji, viz v\u00fd\u0161e. Tato dru\u017eice pat\u0159ila do kategorie dru\u017eic Meteosat prvn\u00ed generace (Meteosat First Generation, MFG). Posledn\u00ed dru\u017eice t\u00e9to generace, Meteosat-7 vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 v roce 1997, doslou\u017eila letos za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u00fanora v pozici nad Indick\u00fdm oce\u00e1nem, kam byla p\u0159esunuta v roce 2006.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V sou\u010dasnosti je oblast Evropy, Afriky a p\u0159ilehl\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Atlantiku a Indick\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu, sn\u00edm\u00e1na geostacion\u00e1rn\u00edmi dru\u017eicemi Meteosat druh\u00e9 generace (MSG). Prvn\u00ed dru\u017eic\u00ed t\u00e9to generace byla MSG-1, po uveden\u00ed do provozu p\u0159ejmenovan\u00fd na Meteosat-8, jej\u00ed\u017e start se uskute\u010dnil 28. srpna 2002. Hlavn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstrojem dru\u017eic MSG je radiometr SEVIRI (Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager), kter\u00fd po\u0159izuje sn\u00edmky Zem\u011b ve 12 spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1lech. P\u0159i standardn\u00edm re\u017eimu, kdy je sn\u00edm\u00e1na oblast cel\u00e9ho zemsk\u00e9ho disku, jsou sn\u00edmky k dispozici ka\u017ed\u00fdch 15 minut. Tato slu\u017eba je v sou\u010dasnosti zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1na dru\u017eic\u00ed Meteosat-10 (MSG-3). V re\u017eimu rapid scan (Rapid Scanning Service, RSS) sn\u00edm\u00e1 z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed dru\u017eice, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b Meteosat-9 (MSG-2), pouze t\u0159etinu zemsk\u00e9ho disku, ale poskytuje sn\u00edmky t\u00e9to oblasti ka\u017ed\u00fdch 5 minut. Prostorov\u00e9 rozli\u0161en\u00ed dat m\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstrojem SEVIRI, v obou re\u017eimech sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, je pro prvn\u00edch 11 kan\u00e1l\u016f v poddru\u017eicov\u00e9m bod\u011b 3&#215;3 km (velikost obrazov\u00e9ho pixelu), pro kan\u00e1l HRV (High Resolution Visible) pak 1&#215;1 km. V\u00edce informac\u00ed o dru\u017eic\u00edch MSG lze nal\u00e9zt nap\u0159. v pr\u00e1ci Setv\u00e1ka (2004).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Posledn\u00ed z dru\u017eic Meteosat druh\u00e9 generace, MSG-4 (Meteosat-11), byla vypu\u0161t\u011bna 15. \u010dervence 2015 a je na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze p\u0159ipravena k vyu\u017eit\u00ed, jakmile j\u00ed bude pot\u0159eba. Ukon\u010den\u00ed provozu s\u00e9rie dru\u017eic Meteosat druh\u00e9 generace se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 kolem roku 2025 \u010di pozd\u011bji, dle aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu samotn\u00fdch dru\u017eic a jejich z\u00e1sob paliva, pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho pro stabilizaci dru\u017eice a z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 naveden\u00ed dru\u017eice na tzv. h\u0159bitovn\u00ed dr\u00e1hu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na druhou generaci dru\u017eic Meteosat ji\u017e za n\u011bkolik let nav\u00e1\u017e\u00ed chystan\u00e9 dru\u017eice Meteosat t\u0159et\u00ed generace (Meteosat Third Generation, MTG). Dru\u017eice MTG budou dvoj\u00edho typu, li\u0161\u00edc\u00ed se sv\u00fdm ur\u010den\u00edm a p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm. Prvn\u00ed skupinou jsou dru\u017eice ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako MTG-I (MTG Imager), zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na po\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed obrazov\u00fdch dat. Start prvn\u00ed z nich, MTG-I1, je moment\u00e1ln\u011b pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n na rok 2021 a\u017e 2022, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed celkem \u010dty\u0159i dru\u017eice t\u00e9to skupiny (MTG-I). Druhou skupinou budou dru\u017eice zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed sond\u00e1\u017e atmosf\u00e9ry, MTG-S (MTG Sounder), kter\u00e9 budou celkem dv\u011b. Jejich start se uskute\u010dn\u00ed a\u017e po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m startu prvn\u00ed z dru\u017eic MTG-I; dru\u017eice MTG-S pot\u0159ebuje pro sv\u00e9 posl\u00e1n\u00ed pln\u011b funk\u010dn\u00ed dru\u017eici MTG-I.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V posledn\u00edch letech ji\u017e byly vypu\u0161t\u011bny dv\u011b japonsk\u00e9, americk\u00e1 a \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed dru\u017eice nov\u00fdch generac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v \u0159ad\u011b sv\u00fdch parametr\u016f v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dru\u017eice Meteosat druh\u00e9 generace, a v \u0159ad\u011b ohled\u016f se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed budouc\u00edm dru\u017eic\u00edm Meteosat t\u0159et\u00ed generace. Jedn\u00e1 se o dru\u017eice Himawari-8 a Himawari-9, provozovan\u00e9 JMA (Japan Meteorological Agency), GOES-16 (GOES-R), provozovanou NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), a FY-4A, provozovanou CMA (China Meteorological Administration). Himawari-8 byla vypu\u0161t\u011bna v \u0159\u00edjnu 2014 a v \u010dervenci 2015 se stala operativn\u00ed dru\u017eic\u00ed (um\u00edst\u011bnou na poloze 140,7\u00b0 v. d.). Himawari-9 (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b stejn\u00e1 poloha jako Himawari-8) a GOES-16 byly vypu\u0161t\u011bny v listopadu 2016. Dru\u017eice GOES-16 bude od prosince 2017 operativn\u00ed dru\u017eic\u00ed na pozici GOES-E, tedy na 75\u00b0 z. d. Dru\u017eice FY-4A byla vypu\u0161t\u011bna v prosinci 2016 a bude vyu\u017eita jako experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed. Operativn\u011b budou vyu\u017eity a\u017e n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dru\u017eice t\u00e9to generace (FY-4), kter\u00fdch bude \u0161est, budou postupn\u011b vypu\u0161t\u011bny p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve dvou a\u017e t\u0159\u00edlet\u00e9m odstupu a budou um\u00edst\u011bny v rozmez\u00ed 86,5\u00b0 a\u017e 105\u00b0 v. d. Hlavn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstrojem dru\u017eic Himawari je AHI (Advanced Himawari Imager), GOES-16 je vybaven radiometrem ABI (Advanced Baseline Imager) a dru\u017eice FY-4A p\u0159\u00edstrojem AGRI (Advanced Geostationary Radiation Imager). V\u0161echny t\u0159i p\u0159\u00edstroje jsou si velmi bl\u00edzk\u00e9, co\u017e je d\u00e1no tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee maj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobce, firmu Exelis Geospatial Systems, nyn\u00ed p\u0159ejmenovanou na Harris Space &amp; Intelligence Systems. Dru\u017eice MTG-I ponesou p\u0159\u00edstroj FCI (Flexible Combined Imager), pro EUMETSAT vyv\u00edjen\u00fd, spole\u010dn\u011b se samotnou dru\u017eic\u00ed MTG-I, firmou Thales Alenia Space. Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f s radiometrem SEVIRI vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm na sou\u010dasn\u00fdch dru\u017eic\u00edch MSG je uvedeno v tab. 1. V\u0161echny \u010dty\u0159i nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00edskat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed informac\u00ed, nebo\u0165 maj\u00ed v\u00edce (AHI, ABI, FCI &#8211; 16, AGRI &#8211; 14) spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f oproti p\u0159\u00edstroji SEVIRI (12 kan\u00e1l\u016f). P\u0159\u00edkladem jsou p\u0159idan\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly v oblasti bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho infra\u010derven\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (mezi 0,8-2,5 pm), kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed informace zejm\u00e9na o mikrofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch vlastnostech obla\u010dnosti. Tyto p\u0159\u00edstroje tak\u00e9 nov\u011b sn\u00edmaj\u00ed i v krat\u0161\u00edch vlnov\u00fdch d\u00e9lk\u00e1ch ne\u017e p\u0159edchoz\u00ed generace p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f. Jedn\u00edm z nov\u00fdch spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f AHI, ABI a AGRI je 0,47 pm (azurov\u00e1), resp. u p\u0159\u00edstroje FCI 0,444 pm (st\u0159ed modr\u00e9 slo\u017eky slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed). Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159idan\u00fdm kan\u00e1lem (FCI a AHI) bude, resp. je kan\u00e1l kolem 0,51 pm v zelen\u00e9 oblasti. Spole\u010dnou vlastnost\u00ed v\u0161ech t\u011bchto kr\u00e1tkovlnn\u00fdch kan\u00e1l\u016f je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed citlivost na atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 aerosoly, co\u017e byl hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvod pro jejich za\u0159azen\u00ed. Vedlej\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00ednosem je mo\u017enost poskytovat sn\u00edmky v t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 (AHI, ABI a AGRI), resp. ve zcela (FCI) \u201eprav\u00fdch barv\u00e1ch\u201c (tzv. True Color Imagery), uk\u00e1zkou je obr. 1.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-752f57f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"752f57f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f827508\" data-id=\"f827508\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29ece14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"29ece14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-886014b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"886014b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Klimatologie a klimatologov\u00e9 dnes a v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37a34d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37a34d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce uzav\u00edraj\u00ed sv\u016fj 70. ro\u010dn\u00edk. Po celou dobu sv\u00e9 existence d\u00e1vaj\u00ed prostor pro prezentaci obor\u016f \u00fazce spjat\u00fdch s meteorologi\u00ed, klimatologi\u00ed, hydrologi\u00ed i \u010distotou ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Odborn\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky a prezentace v\u00fdsledk\u016f pr\u00e1ce jednotliv\u00fdch expert\u016f i autorsk\u00fdch kolektiv\u016f, informace o technologick\u00fdch novink\u00e1ch a zahrani\u010dn\u00edch publikac\u00edch jsou dokladem v\u00fdvoje t\u011bchto obor\u016f v \u010cesku. Klimatologie je v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 v\u011bda s dlouhou histori\u00ed. Podneb\u00ed a zm\u011bna klimatu se v\u0161ak v posledn\u00edch letech staly medi\u00e1ln\u00edm tah\u00e1kem, a ne v\u017edy jsou dostupn\u00e9 informace spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 a \u00fapln\u00e9. Klimatologie jako v\u011bda b\u00fdv\u00e1 zpochyb\u0148ov\u00e1na a klimatologov\u00e9 ostouzeni. I proto se redakce s ot\u00e1zkami \u201eJak ovliv\u0148uje a v dal\u0161\u00edch desetilet\u00edch bude ovliv\u0148ovat podneb\u00ed \u017eivot \u010dlov\u011bka? Jak\u00e1je a bude role klimatologie a klimatolog\u016f?\u201c, obr\u00e1tila na n\u011bkolik \u010desk\u00fdch a slovensk\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou aktivn\u00edmi klimatology. Odpov\u011bdi t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed na\u0161li odvahu se ve\u0159ejn\u011b pod\u011blit o sv\u00e9 n\u00e1zory, zde p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1me v abecedn\u00edm po\u0159ad\u00ed (Doc. RNDr. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Halenka, CSc.,\u00a0RNDr. Radan Huth, DrSc.,\u00a0Prof. RNDr. Milan Lapin, Ph.D., RNDr. Ladislav Metelka, Ph.D., Prof. RNDr. Bed\u0159ich Moldan, CSc., RNDr. Jan Pretel, CSc. RNDr. Ing. Jaroslav Ro\u017enovsk\u00fd, CSc., RNDr. Radim Tolasz, Ph.D. a Prof. Ing. Zden\u011bk \u017dalud, Ph.D.). Hodnocen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch pohled\u016f nech\u00e1v\u00e1me na \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u00edch.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/CHMU_MZ_4-17_120-128.pdf\">http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/CHMU_MZ_4-17_120-128.pdf<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>MZ 2017\/4, ro\u010d. 70, str. 120-128<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b679c0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3b679c0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f5c4428\" data-id=\"f5c4428\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41db791 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"41db791\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"102\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_atlas_1-300x102.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8977\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_atlas_1-300x102.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_atlas_1-768x261.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_atlas_1.jpg 836w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22e6bd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22e6bd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nov\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed atlas oblak\u016f SMO<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e035970 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e035970\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gener\u00e1ln\u00ed tajemn\u00edk Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace (SMO) Petteri Taalas p\u0159edstavil dlouho o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed internetov\u00e9 verze Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho atlasu oblak\u016f (MAO). Proto\u017ee doposud chyb\u011bl on-line p\u0159\u00edstup k MAO SMO, za\u010daly se na webu objevovat alternativn\u00ed atlasy, co\u017e v d\u016fsledku vedlo k ohro\u017een\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed standardizace klasifikace oblak\u016f, kter\u00e1 byla hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem vzniku p\u016fvodn\u00edho MAO v roce 1939. P\u0159esn\u00e9 a nem\u011bnn\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed obla\u010dnosti a jev\u016f je st\u00e1le velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro meteorologii, klimatologii a hydrologii a nov\u00e1 verze tak zajist\u00ed, \u017ee pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 celosv\u011btov\u011b standardizovan\u00e9. Nov\u00fd MAO byl proto poprv\u00e9 vytvo\u0159en ve form\u011b webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek a tato elektronick\u00e1 podoba umo\u017e\u0148uje jeho lep\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdcviku a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Webov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka byla navr\u017eena pracovn\u00ed skupinou a odborn\u00edky z observato\u0159e v Hongkongu a byla vytvo\u0159ena a je provozov\u00e1na jm\u00e9nem WMO na domovsk\u00e9 str\u00e1nce port\u00e1lu (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wmocloudatlas.org\/\">https:\/\/www.wmocloudatlas.org<\/a>). Struktura hlavn\u00edch z\u00e1lo\u017eek menu webov\u00e9 podoby atlasu z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti reflektuje text aktualizace atlasu z roku 1975.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prvn\u00ed z\u00e1lo\u017eka v menu zavede u\u017eivatele k definici jev\u016f pozorovan\u00fdch v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e nebo na zemsk\u00e9m povrchu &#8211; meteor\u016f a z\u00e1kladn\u00ed klasifikaci t\u011bchto jev\u016f na hydrometeory, litometeory, fotometeory a elektrometeory.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pod n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1lo\u017ekou lze naj\u00edt nejen rozd\u011blen\u00ed 10 druh\u016f oblak\u016f podle v\u00fd\u0161ky a vertik\u00e1ln\u00edho rozsahu do t\u0159\u00ed pater (n\u00edzk\u00e9, st\u0159edn\u00ed a vysok\u00e9) a jejich definice, popisy, symboly \u010di zkrat ky a dal\u0161\u00ed specifikace podle tvar\u016f, odr\u016fd, zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost\u00ed, \u010di pr\u016fvodn\u00edch oblak\u016f, ale i vlivy orografie \u010di oblaka horn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry (nap\u0159. no\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed oblaky). P\u016fvodn\u00ed klasifikace 10 druh\u016f oblak\u016f z\u016fstala stejn\u00e1 (stratus, stratocumulus, cumulus, cumulonimbus, nimbostratus, altostratus, altocumulus, cirrus, cirrostratus a cirrocumulus), ke 14 dosavadn\u00edm tvar\u016fm (fibratus, uncinus, spissatus, castellanus, floccus, stratiformis, nebulosus, lenticularis, fractus, humilis, mediocris, congestus, calvus a capillatus) p\u0159ibyl jeden nov\u00fd tvar (volutus, obr. 1). 9 odr\u016fd oblak\u016f z\u016fstalo beze zm\u011bn (intortus, vertebratus, undulatus, radiatus, lacunosus, duplicatus, translucidus, perlucidus a opacus).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mezi zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti oblak\u016f (incus, mamma, virga, praecipitatio, arcus a tuba) bylo p\u0159id\u00e1no 5 nov\u00fdch (asperitas, cauda, cavum (obr. 2), fluctus (obr. 3) a murus) a mezi pr\u016fvodn\u00ed oblaky (pannus, pileus a velum) jeden nov\u00fd pr\u016fvodn\u00ed oblak (flumen). Tvar floccus byl ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uzn\u00e1n i v souvislosti se stratocumulem. D\u0159\u00edve odd\u011blen\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st o mate\u0159sk\u00fdch a speci\u00e1ln\u00edch<br \/>oblac\u00edch jako jsou cataraktagenitus, flammagenitus, homogenitus, silvagenitus a homomutatus byla p\u0159ipojena ke klasifika\u010dn\u00edmu sch\u00e9matu obla\u010dnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pod samostatnou z\u00e1lo\u017ekou jsou pops\u00e1ny v\u0161echny zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 jevy (jin\u00e9 ne\u017e oblaky). Mezi hydrometeory bylo zahrnuto n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch jev\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad sn\u011bhov\u00fd v\u00edr \u010di v\u00edr z mlhy z vypa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nad hladinou (obr. 4), tzv. \u201erar\u00e1\u0161ci\u201c, a byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny podrobnosti t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se typ\u016f torn\u00e1d. Optick\u00e9 jevy (fotometeory) se zna\u010dn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily o popisy halov\u00fdch jev\u016f, duhy a fata morg\u00e1ny. P\u0159id\u00e1ny byly elektrometeory horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti atmosf\u00e9ry (pol\u00e1rn\u00ed stratosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 a mezosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 oblaky jako irizuj\u00ed- c\u00ed perle\u0165ov\u00e9 oblaky, sk\u0159\u00edtci nebo no\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed oblaky), kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b nebyly v\u0161eobecn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 v dob\u011b p\u0159edchoz\u00edho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Samostatn\u00fd odd\u00edl tvo\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1vod pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed oblak\u016f, obsahuje \u010d\u00e1sti z p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00e9ho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se zab\u00fdvalo tvorbou a n\u00e1zvy k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Novou p\u0159\u00ednosnou pom\u016fckou pro ur\u010den\u00ed obla\u010dnosti a jej\u00edho spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 diagramy s barevn\u00fdmi ilustracemi zpracovan\u00e9 MeteoSwiss. Pro amat\u00e9rsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznivce po\u010das\u00ed je p\u0159ipojen pr\u016fvodce pro identifikaci z\u00e1kladn\u00edch druh\u016f oblak\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Webov\u00e1 forma atlasu umo\u017enila vznik zcela nov\u00e9 funkce, prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de obr\u00e1zk\u016f, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje zobrazit v\u0161echny fotografie shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 v tomto vyd\u00e1n\u00ed atlasu. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyhledat metadata, kter\u00e1 jsou spojen\u00e1 s ka\u017ed\u00fdm obr\u00e1zkem, hledat obr\u00e1zky jednotliv\u00fdch oblak\u016f nebo jin\u00fdch jev\u016f pomoc\u00ed filtr\u016f a porovn\u00e1vat r\u016fzn\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky mezi sebou.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Posledn\u00ed dv\u011b z\u00e1lo\u017eky zahrnuj\u00ed v\u00fdkladov\u00fd abecedn\u00ed rejst\u0159\u00edk pou\u017eit\u00fdch term\u00edn\u016f a \u010d\u00e1st obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed informace, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k p\u0159edmluv\u00e1m a dodatk\u016fm z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a PDF verze p\u0159edchoz\u00edch vyd\u00e1n\u00ed ke sta\u017een\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nov\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed koresponduje s nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi poznatky a nov\u00fdmi technologiemi, pou\u017eito bylo mnoho nov\u00fdch, barevn\u00fdch, digit\u00e1ln\u00edch obr\u00e1zk\u016f s vysok\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm s metadaty a podrobn\u00fdmi popisy v\u010detn\u011b synoptick\u00fdch anal\u00fdz, satelitn\u00edch nebo radarov\u00fdch sn\u00edmk\u016f \u010di v\u00fdstup\u016f z aerologick\u00fdch sond\u00e1\u017e\u00ed. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech byly pou\u017eity \u010dasov\u00e9 sledy obr\u00e1zk\u016f nebo videa, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed pozorovateli pochopit v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 f\u00e1ze konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho typu oblaku.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Str\u00e1nky atlasu jsou p\u0159ehledn\u00e9 a velice dob\u0159e se s nimi pracuje.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Literatura:<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">SMO, 2017. International Cloud Atlas, Manual on the Observation of Clouds and Other Meteors (WMO-No. 407) [online]. World Meteorological Organization [cit. 30. 5. 2017] Dostupn\u00e9 z WWW:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wmocloudatlas.org\/\">https:\/\/www.wmocloudatlas.org<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Ilona Zuskov\u00e1, MZ 2017\/3, ro\u010d. 70, s. 92-94<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-34d613e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"34d613e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1b7817\" data-id=\"a1b7817\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89595e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"89595e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c09cd9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c09cd9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed fenologick\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce a program GLOBE<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a22a26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a22a26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fenologov\u00e9 se sch\u00e1zej\u00ed nejen na evropsk\u00fdch a celosv\u011btov\u00fdch konferenc\u00edch, ale jednou za rok i na pravideln\u00e9m pracovn\u00edm jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v r\u00e1mci v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 aktivity PEP 725 (Pan European Phenology Project 725). Toto jedn\u00e1n\u00ed se obvykle kon\u00e1 na pracovi\u0161ti rakousk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby ZAMG (Zentralanstalt f\u00fcr Meteorologii und Geodynamik) ve V\u00eddni, zpravidla ve stejn\u00e9m term\u00ednu jako je konference EGU (European Geosciences Union). Je to z d\u016fvodu, aby se fenologov\u00e9 mohli z\u00fa\u010dastnit i t\u00e9to konference a z\u00e1rove\u0148 mohli b\u00fdt p\u0159izv\u00e1ni odborn\u00edci na odpoledn\u00ed sympozium. Projekt PEP 725 (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pep725.eu\/\">www.pep725.eu<\/a>) navazuje na spolupr\u00e1ci COST 725, kdy byla poprv\u00e9 vytvo\u0159ena spole\u010dn\u00e1 evropsk\u00e1 datab\u00e1ze, a je financov\u00e1n v r\u00e1mci odborn\u00fdch aktivit EUMETNET. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je do projektu PEP 725 zapojeno 20 meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb a 7 dal\u0161\u00edch partner\u016f. \u010cHM\u00da je \u010dlenem od vzniku COST 725, pravideln\u011b poskytuje vybran\u00e1 fenologick\u00e1 data do spole\u010dn\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze a pod\u00edl\u00ed se na dal\u0161\u00edch aktivit\u00e1ch. Evropsk\u00e1 fenologick\u00e1 datab\u00e1ze je ve\u0159ejn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e1, je ur\u010dena pro vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u011bdu a v\u00fdzkum, a na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u011bchto dat ji\u017e vznikla spousta zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch publikac\u00ed (nap\u0159. Intercomparison of satellite sensor land surface phenology and ground phenology in Europe).<\/p><p>Na jedn\u00e1n\u00ed se zpo\u010d\u00e1tku diskutovalo o importu, kontrole a validaci fenologick\u00fdch dat. D\u00e1le se intenzivn\u011b prob\u00edralo dru\u017eicov\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee i ve fenologii se v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nejen v\u00fdsledky z pozemn\u00edho fenologick\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale i dru\u017eicov\u00e9 sn\u00edmky. Vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed dru\u017eicov\u00fdch sn\u00edmk\u016f m\u00e1 v\u0161ak sv\u00e1 \u00faskal\u00ed, kvalita sn\u00edmk\u016f je nap\u0159. velmi z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na mno\u017estv\u00ed obla\u010dnosti a pro fenologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd detail rozli\u0161en\u00ed. Kombinace obou metod je sice v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm pomocn\u00edkem v mnoha biologick\u00fdch modelech, ale i tak se bez pozemn\u00edho fenologick\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed nelze obej\u00edt! V podstat\u011b nejv\u00edce diskutovan\u00fdm t\u00e9matem bylo, jak nejl\u00e9pe zapojit ve\u0159ejnost do fenologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Kolegov\u00e9 z Holandska vyvinuli aplikaci GrowApp (www. growapp.today), kter\u00e1 byla spu\u0161t\u011bna v r\u00e1mci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed fenologick\u00e9 kampan\u011b, rok 2017 byl toti\u017e vyhl\u00e1\u0161en mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm fenologick\u00fdm rokem. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u00e9to aplikace se m\u016f\u017ee do fenologick\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed zapojit kdokoliv, co\u017e je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 forma spolupr\u00e1ce. Evrop\u0161t\u00ed fenologov\u00e9 spolupracuj\u00ed i prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm facebooku (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook\/\">http:\/\/www.facebook<\/a>. com\/groups\/pep725), kde sd\u00edlej\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed fenologick\u00e9 informace z r\u016fzn\u00fdch kout\u016f Evropy. Na zahrad\u011b rakousk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby byl vybudov\u00e1n tzv. v\u011bdeck\u00fd park pro ve\u0159ejnost (obr. 1), v jeho\u017e r\u00e1mci je v\u011bnov\u00e1n samostatn\u00fd odd\u00edl rovn\u011b\u017e fenologii (obr. 2). Jsou zde uvedena i fenologick\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed, u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed jsou vys\u00e1zeny rostliny, kter\u00e9 dan\u00e9 obdob\u00ed charakterizuj\u00ed.<\/p><p>\u010cHM\u00da se poda\u0159ilo nav\u00e1zat spolupr\u00e1ci s nadac\u00ed TEREZA, kter\u00e1 za\u0161ti\u0165uje program GLOBE (Global Learning and Observation to Benefit the Environment) v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. GLOBE je mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed program, ve kter\u00e9m \u017e\u00e1ci zkoumaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodu a aktivn\u011b zlep\u0161uj\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed v okol\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u0161koly. A tak, jak je ten leto\u0161n\u00ed rok celosv\u011btov\u011b vyhl\u00e1\u0161en mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm fenologick\u00fdm rokem, bude rok 2018 ve znamen\u00ed fenologick\u00e9ho roku v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Postupn\u011b jsou navazov\u00e1ny kontakty, abychom prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u017e\u00e1k\u016f a student\u016f z\u00edskali dal\u0161\u00ed fenologick\u00e9 \u00fadaje. Z\u00fa\u010dastnili jsme se tzv. GLOBE games (obr. 3), kter\u00e9 se konaj\u00ed pravideln\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem. V leto\u0161n\u00edm roce se konaly v Moravsk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch ve dnech 11. 5. a\u017e 14. 5. P\u0159i setk\u00e1n\u00ed s u\u010diteli byla pod\u00e1na informace o fenologick\u00e9m pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cHM\u00da v\u010detn\u011b p\u0159edstavy, jak by se \u017e\u00e1ci a studenti mohli, podle jednoduch\u00e9 metodiky p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 \u010cHM\u00da, aktivn\u011b zapojit do fenologick\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u00e1zorn\u00e1 uk\u00e1zka byla d\u011btem p\u0159edvedena p\u0159i sobotn\u00ed ter\u00e9nn\u00ed h\u0159e. Jak u\u010ditel\u00e9, tak d\u011bti projevili velk\u00fd z\u00e1jem o fenologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edmo na m\u00edst\u011b v Moravsk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1dali o p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky na jejich \u0161kol\u00e1ch.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a8714c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a8714c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9300\" data-id=\"0cb9300\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a52770f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a52770f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"579\" height=\"432\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_GLOBE_2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8983\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_GLOBE_2.jpg 579w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_GLOBE_2-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e0f11e6\" data-id=\"e0f11e6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e962fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6e962fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"581\" height=\"435\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_GLOBE_3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8984\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_GLOBE_3.jpg 581w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_GLOBE_3-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2716520 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2716520\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-be7caa8\" data-id=\"be7caa8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8aac1be elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8aac1be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"189\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_1_normal-300x189.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8989\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_1_normal-300x189.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_1_normal.jpg 583w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01c7d66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"01c7d66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159echod na klimatick\u00fd norm\u00e1l 1981\u20132010<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d51638b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d51638b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Na z\u00e1klad\u011b doporu\u010den\u00ed vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch z Rezoluce Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace (WMO 2015) p\u0159ipravil \u010cHM\u00da norm\u00e1ly vybran\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch prvk\u016f za obdob\u00ed 1981 a\u017e 2010. Hodnocen\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho obdob\u00ed z klimatologick\u00e9ho hlediska by m\u011blo b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bno vzhledem k tomuto nejbl\u00ed\u017ee skon\u010den\u00e9mu t\u0159icetilet\u00ed.<\/p><p>Pro v\u00fdpo\u010det \u00fazemn\u00edch norm\u00e1l\u016f 1981-2010, tj. norm\u00e1l\u016f pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky a jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u016f, byly vyu\u017eity hodnoty norm\u00e1l\u016f vybran\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch prvk\u016f stanoven\u00e9 pro jednotliv\u00e9 stanice. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b teploty vzduchu byly vyu\u017eity technick\u00e9 \u0159ady stani\u010dn\u00edch hodnot (technick\u00e1 \u0159ada je \u0159ada m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je homogenizovan\u00e1 a dopln\u011bn\u00e1 o chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed hodnoty). Pro v\u00fdpo\u010det \u00fazemn\u00edch norm\u00e1l\u016f sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch \u00fahrn\u016f byly vyu\u017eity jak stani\u010dn\u00ed norm\u00e1ly vypo\u010dten\u00e9 z technick\u00fdch \u0159ad, tak i stani\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty norm\u00e1l\u016f ur\u010den\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo z pozorovan\u00fdch hodnot pro stanice, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed zat\u00edm technickou \u0159adu p\u0159ipravenu. Prostorov\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011bry byly p\u0159ipraveny interpola\u010dn\u00edmi metodami pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi v \u010cHM\u00da v prost\u0159ed\u00ed GIS.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pro hodnocen\u00ed dan\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed z klimatologick\u00e9ho hlediska \u010di pro popis pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdch hodnot klimatick\u00fdch prvk\u016f v dan\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b jsou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny klimatick\u00e9 norm\u00e1ly. Standardn\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 norm\u00e1ly dle WMO jsou po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny jako 30let\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011bry teploty, sr\u00e1\u017eek a dal\u0161\u00edch klimatick\u00fdch prvk\u016f. Tyto norm\u00e1ly byly doned\u00e1vna aktualizov\u00e1ny ka\u017ed\u00fdch 30 let. Dle tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu bylo v sou\u010dasnosti platn\u00e9 norm\u00e1lov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed 1961 a\u017e 1990. Vzhledem k prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edm klimatick\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m WMO doporu\u010duje, p\u0159epo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vat klimatick\u00e9 norm\u00e1ly pro operativn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely ka\u017ed\u00fdch deset let. Sou\u010dasn\u00fdm standardn\u00edm klimatick\u00fdm norm\u00e1lem je tedy norm\u00e1l spo\u010dten\u00fd za obdob\u00ed 1981 a\u017e 2010. Norm\u00e1l 1961-1990 v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 platn\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtkem pro hodnocen\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch zm\u011bn klimatu.<\/p><p>U teploty vzduchu je dob\u0159e patrn\u00fd jej\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst mezi norm\u00e1lov\u00fdmi obdob\u00edmi 1961-1990 a 1981-2010. Norm\u00e1l pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed teploty vzduchu za obdob\u00ed 1981-2010 pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky je o 0,4 \u00b0C vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e norm\u00e1l 1961-1990. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed teploty vzduchu pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR oproti norm\u00e1lu 1961 a\u017e 1990 bylo zaznamen\u00e1no v letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch \u010dervenec a srpen, kde se hodnota zv\u00fd\u0161ila o 0,9 \u00b0C. Naopak v m\u011bs\u00edci z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed hodnota z\u016fstala shodn\u00e1 s norm\u00e1lem 1961-1990. O pouh\u00fdch 0,1 \u00b0C se norm\u00e1l teploty vzduchu na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR zv\u00fd\u0161il v m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch \u0159\u00edjen a prosinec (obr. 1). V n\u011bkter\u00fdch kraj\u00edch je v t\u011bchto m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch nov\u00fd norm\u00e1l dokonce ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e norm\u00e1l 1961-1990. K nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu poklesu v hodnot\u011b norm\u00e1lu teploty vzduchu do\u0161lo v Karlovarsk\u00e9m kraji, kde je hodnota nov\u00e9ho norm\u00e1lu pro z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed o 0,5 \u00b0C ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed oproti norm\u00e1lu 1961-1990. V tomto kraji do\u0161lo k m\u00edrn\u00e9mu poklesu teploty u v\u011bt\u0161iny m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, nov\u00fd norm\u00e1l pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed teploty vzduchu pro Karlovarsk\u00fd kraj je o 0,2 \u00b0C ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed oproti norm\u00e1lu 1961 a\u017e 1990.<br \/>Pro vysv\u011btlen\u00ed tohoto faktu je nutn\u00e9 poznamenat, \u017ee vedle \u010dasov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje teploty vzduchu m\u00e1 na v\u00fdslednou hodnotu \u00fazemn\u00edch pr\u016fm\u011br\u016f (norm\u00e1l\u016f) tak\u00e9 vliv po\u010det a rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed stanic vstupuj\u00edc\u00edch do v\u00fdpo\u010dtu. Oproti obdob\u00ed 1961-1990 je \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR meteorologick\u00fdmi stanicemi obsazeno hust\u011bji, co\u017e je pro v\u00fdpo\u010det plo\u0161n\u00fdch pr\u016fm\u011br\u016f up\u0159es\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed faktor. V Karlovarsk\u00e9m kraji p\u0159ibyly ve v\u00fdpo\u010dtu norm\u00e1lu vzduchu za obdob\u00ed 1981-2010 stanice nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v Kru\u0161n\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch (nap\u0159. stanice \u0160indelov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 je um\u00edst\u011bna v mrazov\u00e9 kotlin\u011b), co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00e9st ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho plo\u0161n\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011bru a k z\u00e1porn\u00e9 odchylce oproti norm\u00e1lu 1961-1990.<\/p><p>Norm\u00e1l ro\u010dn\u00edho \u00fahrnu sr\u00e1\u017eek za obdob\u00ed 1981-2010 pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky nezaznamenal oproti norm\u00e1lu 1961 a\u017e 1990 v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch zm\u011bn, \u010din\u00ed 102 % norm\u00e1lu 1961 a\u017e 1990. I na \u00fazem\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u016f nastaly v hodnot\u011b norm\u00e1lu ro\u010dn\u00edho \u00fahrnu sr\u00e1\u017eek pouze mal\u00e9 zm\u011bny, norm\u00e1l 1981-2010 p\u0159edstavuje ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b kraj\u016f 97-105 % norm\u00e1lu 1961-1990. Pouze v\u00a0Karlovarsk\u00e9m kraji je rozd\u00edl vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, zde nov\u00fd norm\u00e1l \u010din\u00ed 111 % norm\u00e1lu 1961 a\u017e 1990. Toto nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vysv\u011btleno vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hustotou stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, kdy do v\u00fdpo\u010dtu nov\u00e9ho norm\u00e1lu byly zahrnuty i stanice um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 v lokalit\u00e1ch s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi \u00fahrny sr\u00e1\u017eek, kter\u00e9 v obdob\u00ed 1961-1990 nepozorovaly a data z t\u00e9to oblasti nebyla k dispozici.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">O n\u011bco v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozd\u00edly oproti norm\u00e1lov\u00e9mu obdob\u00ed 1961 a\u017e 1990 nast\u00e1vaj\u00ed v m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch \u00fahrnech sr\u00e1\u017eek (obr. 2). Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed norm\u00e1lu m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek nastalo v m\u011bs\u00edci b\u0159ezen (120 % norm\u00e1lu 1961-1990), \u010dervenec a z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed (111 a 112 % norm\u00e1lu 1961-1990). Naopak m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed \u00fahrny sr\u00e1\u017eek poklesly nejv\u00edce v\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch duben a \u010derven (89 % norm\u00e1lu 1961-1990).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00dazemn\u00ed norm\u00e1ly 1981-2010 teploty vzduchu a sr\u00e1\u017eek jsou uvedeny v tabulce 1 a 2. Na obr. 1 a 2 je zobrazeno srovn\u00e1n\u00ed norm\u00e1lu 1981-2010 s norm\u00e1lem 1961-1990 pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Literatura:<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">WMO, 2015. Seventeenth World Meteorological Congress Resolution [online]. World Meteorological Organization [cit. 30. 1. 2017] Resolution 4.1(4)\/2 (Cg-17), Geneva, 25 May-12 June 2015. Dostupn\u00e9 z WWW:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wmo\/\">http:\/\/www.wmo<\/a>.int\/aemp\/sites\/default\/files\/wmo_1157_en.pdf.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Lenka Crhov\u00e1, Sl\u00e1vek Podzimek, MZ 2017\/3, ro\u010d. 70, s. 89-90<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dc3ea07 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dc3ea07\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a0a80a\" data-id=\"3a0a80a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b29c34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7b29c34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"582\" height=\"361\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_2_normal.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8990\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_2_normal.jpg 582w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_2_normal-300x186.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36143d7\" data-id=\"36143d7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8310d9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8310d9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"839\" height=\"643\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_3_normal.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8991\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_3_normal.jpg 839w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_3_normal-300x230.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_3_normal-768x589.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 839px) 100vw, 839px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a331af6\" data-id=\"a331af6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a43f8dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a43f8dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"838\" height=\"640\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_4_normal.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8992\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_4_normal.jpg 838w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_4_normal-300x229.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_03_4_normal-768x587.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f87109f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f87109f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-69578ba\" data-id=\"69578ba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cb61bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7cb61bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"216\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_02_certifikat-300x216.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8996\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_02_certifikat-300x216.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_02_certifikat.jpg 487w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82d61b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"82d61b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recertifikace \u010cHM\u00da k poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed leteck\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a1ad54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a1ad54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tradice a sou\u010dasn\u011b povinnost \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu (\u010cHM\u00da) zabezpe\u010dovat civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed v \u010cR je logicky spojena s jeho vznikem. Ov\u0161em osv\u011bd\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da jako zp\u016fsobil\u00e9ho poskytovatele leteck\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb v r\u00e1mci letov\u00fdch naviga\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb zapo\u010dalo s n\u00e1stupem uplatn\u011bn\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 legislativy a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch zm\u011bn z\u00e1kona \u010d. 49\/1997 Sb. o civiln\u00edm letectv\u00ed. Podle t\u011bchto nov\u00fdch pravidel, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch zejm\u00e9na po\u017eadavky na zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed provozn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, byl \u010cHM\u00da poprv\u00e9 certifikov\u00e1n \u00da\u0159adem pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed (\u00daCL) v roce 2007. Tehdy z\u00edskal osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed pro poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed v \u010cR s platnost\u00ed na 4 roky, do 30. 4. 2011, a to v souladu s ustanoven\u00edm \u00a7 49a odst. 2 z\u00e1kona o civiln\u00edm letectv\u00ed, na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm (ES) \u010d. 550\/2005 o poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed letov\u00fdch naviga\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb v jednotn\u00e9m evropsk\u00e9m nebi a na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu a Rady (ES) \u010d. 2096\/2004. Na stejn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed byl \u010cHM\u00da na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b absolvovan\u00fdch audit\u016f, \u017e\u00e1dosti a p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00ed nem\u00e1lo d\u016fkazn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f o pln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f u \u00daCL pov\u011b\u0159en slu\u017ebu poskytovat v letov\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed oblasti Praha (vzdu\u0161n\u00e9m prostoru \u010cR) a na leti\u0161t\u00edch Karlovy Vary (LKKV), Praha\/Ruzyn\u011b (LKPR), Brno\/Tu\u0159any (LKTB) a Ostrava\/Mo\u0161nov (LKMT).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Obnova platnosti certifikace prob\u011bhla pro \u010cHM\u00da \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 v roce 2011 a platnost osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed i pov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed byla prodlou\u017eena na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch 6 let, s platnost\u00ed do 30. 4. 2017. Certifik\u00e1ty z r. 2007 i 2011 byly specifikov\u00e1ny obecn\u011b jen na poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby bez up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed. Rozhodnut\u00edm \u00daCL ze dne 22. 8. 2013 byla sjedn\u00e1na n\u00e1prava tohoto form\u00e1ln\u00edho nedostatku z roku 2011 v podob\u011b administrativn\u011b revidovan\u00e9ho osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed pro poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed v rozsahu: Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, P\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eba, V\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e1 slu\u017eba, MET informace.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V lednu 2017 \u010cHM\u00da podal na \u00daCL \u017e\u00e1dost o recertifikaci leteck\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb z d\u016fvodu kon\u010d\u00edc\u00ed platnosti vydan\u00e9ho osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed. Po ov\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed procedu\u0159e ze strany \u00daCL, kterou vykonal Ing. R. Doba (inspektor meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb) a po zaplacen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00edho poplatku obdr\u017eel \u010cHM\u00da dne 6. 3. 2017 Rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jej osv\u011bd\u010duje pro poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9m rozsahu s t\u011bmito podm\u00ednkami (zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd v\u00fd\u010det):<\/p><ul><li class=\"rtejustify\">Meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed poskytovat v re\u017eimu H24 (nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b).<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek vykon\u00e1vat pomoc\u00ed automatizovan\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho pozorovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd odpov\u00edd\u00e1 podm\u00ednk\u00e1m vzlet\u016f, p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed podle kategorie ICAO (Sv\u011btov\u00e1 organizace pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed) na leti\u0161t\u00edch Praha\/Ruzyn\u011b, Ostrava\/Mo\u0161nov, Brno\/Tu\u0159any a Karlovy Vary.<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed je vymezeno na poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed br\u00edfinku, informac\u00ed leteck\u00e9 klimatologie a na roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed.<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Zajistit ty druhy celosv\u011btov\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdch provozn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edmo sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch poskytovan\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, a akceptovat podm\u00ednky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edjmu, zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a distribuce t\u011bchto celosv\u011btov\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdch informac\u00ed.<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Neposkytovat meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee provozn\u00ed person\u00e1l neprokazuje p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou kvalifikaci, schv\u00e1len\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nedosahuj\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e9 provozn\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti a nemaj\u00ed platn\u00e9 kalibra\u010dn\u00ed protokoly nebo dokon\u010den\u00e9 p\u0159edepsan\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed zkou\u0161ky a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed nezaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed integritu dat a nemaj\u00ed k dispozici po\u017eadovan\u00e1 vstupn\u00ed data.<\/li><li><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na z\u00e1klad\u011b Rozhodnut\u00ed o osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1dal \u010cHM\u00da o vyd\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho pov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed poskytovat LMS (Meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed) na leti\u0161t\u00edch Karlovy Vary, Praha\/Ruzyn\u011b, Brno\/Tu\u0159any a Ostrava\/Mo\u0161nov.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vlastn\u00ed Osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed ONS\/1\/2017, platn\u00e9 od 1.5.2017, bylo v listinn\u00e9 podob\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1no z\u00e1stupc\u016fm Odboru leteck\u00e9 meteorologie (OLM) \u010cHM\u00da shodou okolnost\u00ed na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd den, tj. 23. 3. 2017, na \u00daCL \u0159editelem provozn\u00ed sekce Ing. V. Hezk\u00fdm. Ud\u011blen\u00e9 Osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed (navazuj\u00edc\u00ed na minul\u00e1) je poprv\u00e9 \u010dasov\u011b neomezeno, co\u017e je projevem uzn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edcelet\u00e9 kvality slu\u017eeb poskytovan\u00fdch \u010cHM\u00da a spln\u011bn\u00ed \u0159ady spole\u010dn\u00fdch i specifick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek v oblasti poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed letov\u00fdch naviga\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb, kam pat\u0159\u00ed i leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby \u010cHM\u00da. Pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v\u0161em meteorolog\u016fm, pozorovatel\u016fm a technik\u016fm OLM \u010cHM\u00da za jejich dlouholetou a bezchybnou pr\u00e1ci.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Bohumil Techlovsk\u00fd, Ren\u00e9 Tydlit\u00e1t, MZ 2017\/2, ro\u010d. 70, s. 64<\/em><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-626777a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"626777a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-851cebf\" data-id=\"851cebf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2d6a2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f2d6a2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"487\" height=\"404\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_02_Techl-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8997\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_02_Techl-1.jpg 487w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2017_02_Techl-1-300x249.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 487px) 100vw, 487px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a002113\" data-id=\"a002113\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a8b964c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a8b964c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0c3d349\" data-id=\"0c3d349\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c92218d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c92218d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e5491b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1e5491b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Konvek\u010dn\u00ed x konvektivn\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-445e412 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"445e412\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00e1\u017een\u00ed kolegov\u00e9,<br \/>tak kone\u010dn\u011b jsme se dostali k\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9mu rozumn\u00e9mu v\u00fdsledku, kter\u00fd V\u00e1s pot\u011b\u0161\u00ed (viz n\u00ed\u017ee). Bohu\u017eel to ji\u017e nem\u016f\u017eeme pou\u017e\u00edt u \u010d. 1 leto\u0161n\u00edch MZ, ale do dvojky d\u00e1me pro informaci bu\u010f s\u00a0citac\u00ed mailu od \u00dastavu pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd, nebo jako redak\u010dn\u00ed sd\u011blen\u00ed a za\u010dneme pou\u017e\u00edvat adjektivum konvektivn\u00ed. Jen budeme v\u00a0nakladatelstv\u00ed a redakci trvat na tom, aby pou\u017eit\u00ed bylo jednotn\u00e9 v\u00a0cel\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku nebo publikaci.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zdrav\u00edm a p\u0159eji p\u011bkn\u00fd den.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Olga \u0160uvarinov\u00e1, SIS \u010cHM\u00da, 16. 2. 2016<\/em><\/p><p>V\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 pan\u00ed \u0160uvarinov\u00e1,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">jak jsem sl\u00edbila, na dne\u0161n\u00ed porad\u011b jsme prodiskutovali dvojici konvek\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159e \u2013 konvektivn\u00ed bou\u0159e.\u00a0<strong>Podle na\u0161eho n\u00e1zoru jsou p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na konvek\u010dn\u00ed a konvektivn\u00ed synonymn\u00ed; z \u010dist\u011b jazykov\u00e9ho hlediska lze tedy pou\u017e\u00edt ve spojen\u00ed s\u00a0podst. jm\u00e9nem bou\u0159e jak konvektivn\u00ed, tak konvek\u010dn\u00ed.<\/strong>\u00a0V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9m n\u00e1rodn\u00edm korpusu je pom\u011br v\u00fdskyt\u016f konvektivn\u00ed bou\u0159e \u2013 konvek\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159e 69 : 1. Zd\u00e1 se tedy, \u017ee v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b spojen\u00ed konvektivn\u00ed bou\u0159e, mo\u017en\u00e1 i vlivem angli\u010dtiny, p\u0159evl\u00e1d\u00e1. Ob\u011b hesla v\u00a0Internetov\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce uprav\u00edme. Je v\u0161ak na odborn\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho oboru, aby se rozhodli, zda budou nad\u00e1le preferovat konvek\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159i, nebo up\u0159ednostn\u00ed konvektivn\u00ed bou\u0159i, nebo budou u\u017e\u00edvat oboj\u00ed (nap\u0159. v\u00a0lingvistice se\u00a0 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 obouvid\u00fd i obouvidov\u00fd, bezp\u0159edm\u011btn\u00fd i bezp\u0159edm\u011btov\u00fd).<\/p><p>S pozdravem<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Ivana Svobodov\u00e1,\u00a0<\/em><em>Jazykov\u00e1 poradna \u00daJ\u010c AV \u010cR, 16. 2. 2016<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8c12a12 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8c12a12\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8ae03f0\" data-id=\"8ae03f0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e82d6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5e82d6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0c1880 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d0c1880\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prodlou\u017een\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi modelu ALADIN na 72 hodin<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71dcc3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71dcc3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u00e1\u017een\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 modelu ALADIN,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">po\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc dne\u0161n\u00ed (21. 1. 2016) 06 UTC produkc\u00ed byla p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f modelu ALADIN\/\u010cHM\u00da prodlou\u017eena z 54 na 72 hodin. Prodlou\u017een\u00ed se t\u00fdk\u00e1 b\u011bh\u016f z 00, 06 a 12 UTC. B\u011bh z 18 UTC z\u016fstane po\u010d\u00edtan\u00fd na 54 hodin.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00a0prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi se prodlou\u017een\u00ed t\u00fdk\u00e1 produkt\u016f pro intern\u00ed u\u017eivatele a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho webu (ALADIN mapy a meteogramy). Pokud se V\u00e1m ALADIN mapy na 72 hodin v prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010di nezobraz\u00ed, zkuste obnovit str\u00e1nku (stla\u010den\u00edm kl\u00e1vesy F5, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b Alt+F5).<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Za operativn\u00ed t\u00fdm modelu ALADIN na \u010cHM\u00da J\u00e1n Ma\u0161ek (ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed informace z ONPP \u010cHM\u00da)<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0f4c0a6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0f4c0a6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-efe6e1f\" data-id=\"efe6e1f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8aae41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e8aae41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2753ac4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2753ac4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meteorologick\u00fd slovn\u00edk na webu \u010cMeS<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-993766a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"993766a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u00fanora 2015 zve\u0159ejnila Terminologick\u00e1 Skupina \u010cMeS (d\u00e1le jen TS) elektronickou verzi meteorologick\u00e9ho slovn\u00edku (d\u00e1le jen eMS) na webovsk\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u010cMeS a v\u00a0b\u0159eznu prob\u011bhl prvn\u00ed upgrade slovn\u00edkov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 najdou slovn\u00edk na linku\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/slovnik.cmes.cz\/\">http:\/\/slovnik.cmes.cz\/<\/a>, na kter\u00fd odkazuje \u00favodn\u00ed str\u00e1nka webu \u010cMeS (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/cs\">http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/cs<\/a>) ve sloupci odkaz\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Slovn\u00edk pova\u017eujeme za otev\u0159en\u00fd produkt, kter\u00fd bude TS aktualizovat na z\u00e1klad\u011b vlastn\u00edch poznatk\u016f i podn\u011bt\u016f od u\u017eivatel\u016f eMS. Komunikace s\u00a0u\u017eivateli je v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti umo\u017en\u011bna zasl\u00e1n\u00edm sd\u011blen\u00ed na emailovou adresu\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:slovn%C3%ADk@cmes.cz\">slovn\u00edk@cmes.cz<\/a>. P\u0159es tuto adresu i p\u0159\u00edmo na adresy \u010dlen\u016f TS jsme ji\u017e dostali\u00a0 n\u011bkolik u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch n\u00e1vrh\u016f na opravy a dopln\u011bn\u00ed explikac\u00ed. Je t\u0159eba \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee v\u017edy \u0161lo o v\u011bcn\u00e9 a konstruktivn\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00ednky. \u010c\u00e1st z\u00a0nich ji\u017e TS projednala a pou\u017eila, n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159ipraveny pro dal\u0161\u00ed upgrade a \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159ipom\u00ednek je nyn\u00ed v\u00a0jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Zd\u00e1 se tedy, \u017ee u\u017eivatel\u00e9 p\u0159ijali eMS pozitivn\u011b a v\u0161ech p\u0159ipom\u00ednek si velmi cen\u00edme. Po\u010det p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f ke slovn\u00edku je t\u00fddn\u011b automaticky registrov\u00e1n p\u0159es TOPlist.cz a od zaveden\u00ed eMS na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky \u010cMeS jsme zaregistrovali 1834 p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Informace o pr\u00e1ci TS na p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b eMS je zahrnuta do p\u0159edmluvy dostupn\u00e9 z\u00a0tituln\u00ed str\u00e1nky produktu. \u010clenov\u00e9 \u010cMeS byli o v\u00fdvoji eMS informov\u00e1ni na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch V\u011bstn\u00edku \u010cMeS, na semin\u00e1\u0159\u00edch \u010cMeS a informace o zprovozn\u011bn\u00ed eMS byla uvedena i v\u00a0\u010dasopisu Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy (2\/2015) v rubrice INFORMACE-RECENZE. Mezi informace dostupn\u00e9 z tituln\u00ed str\u00e1nky eMS pat\u0159\u00ed i slo\u017een\u00ed TS a seznam extern\u00edch spolupracovn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00e9m rozsahu p\u0159isp\u011bli k\u00a0tvorb\u011b explikac\u00ed. Tento seznam i slo\u017een\u00ed TS se jist\u011b bude dopl\u0148ovat a vyv\u00edjet. O uvoln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00a0pr\u00e1ce TS po\u017e\u00e1dal doktor Karel Van\u00ed\u010dek vzhledem k\u00a0odchodu do d\u016fchodu. Za jeho rozs\u00e1hlou a kvalitn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci p\u0159i revizi a aktualizaci \u0159ady explikac\u00ed mu pat\u0159\u00ed na\u0161e velk\u00e9 pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je pr\u00e1ce TS zam\u011b\u0159ena na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed n\u011bkolika probl\u00e9mov\u00fdch okruh\u016f. Na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b jde o opravy a aktualizaci hesel a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch explikac\u00ed spolu s\u00a0dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm hesel nov\u00fdch. Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee tento proces bude pokra\u010dovat i v\u00a0budoucnu a komunikace s\u00a0u\u017eivateli je jeho d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Druh\u00fdm \u00fakolem je aktualizace v\u011bcn\u00fdch rejst\u0159\u00edk\u016f. Do zahajovac\u00ed verze byl za\u0159azen aktualizovan\u00fd \u010desk\u00fd a anglick\u00fd rejst\u0159\u00edk a p\u0159i b\u0159eznov\u00e9m upgradu byl p\u0159ipojen rejst\u0159\u00edk slovensk\u00fd. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce na aktualizaci dal\u0161\u00edch t\u0159\u00ed cizojazy\u010dn\u00fdch rejst\u0159\u00edk\u016f. Teprve po dokon\u010den\u00ed t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ce budeme moci p\u0159ej\u00edt od sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho ozna\u010den\u00ed BETA verze ke skute\u010dn\u00e9 ALFA verzi. T\u0159et\u00edm okruhem budouc\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e9mu TS v\u011bnovala ji\u017e \u0159adu diskus\u00ed, je modernizace eMS jako softwarov\u00e9ho produktu. Koncepce datab\u00e1zov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k\u00a0ulo\u017een\u00fdm informac\u00edm i po\u017eadavek na roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vyhled\u00e1vac\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f jsou v\u00a0z\u00e1sad\u011b jasn\u00e9. Obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je jejich realizace, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e pot\u0159ebujeme asistenci i nad r\u00e1mec meteorologick\u00fdch a klimatologick\u00fdch znalost\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z\u00e1v\u011brem t\u00e9to stru\u010dn\u00e9 informace chci jm\u00e9nem TS pod\u011bkovat v\u0161em za vl\u00eddn\u00e9 p\u0159ijet\u00ed eMS. V\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee \u010dlenov\u00e9 \u010cMeS p\u0159ijmou tento produkt za sv\u016fj a pomohou n\u00e1m s\u00a0jeho dal\u0161\u00edm zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p><div><p class=\"rteright\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<em>Daniela \u0158ez\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1, V\u011bstn\u00edk \u010cMeS 2015\/1 vydan\u00fd v \u010dervenci 2015<\/em><\/p><\/div><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-493a058 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"493a058\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c12b8e9\" data-id=\"c12b8e9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10c18b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"10c18b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb32385 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb32385\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Facebook \u010cHM\u00da \u010cistota ovzdu\u0161\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d59ff87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d59ff87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dne 25. \u010dervna 2014 byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek o \u010distot\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed na Facebooku \u010cHM\u00da<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Vladim\u00edra Voln\u00e1, \u00fastn\u00ed sd\u011blen\u00ed 25.1.2017<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96ae7bf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96ae7bf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1461a07\" data-id=\"1461a07\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ff62f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1ff62f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0edc79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c0edc79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ukon\u010den\u00ed provozu meteorologick\u00e9 stanice a slu\u017eebny na leti\u0161ti P\u0159erov<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64c0037 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"64c0037\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V souvislosti s dlouho avizovan\u00fdm odchodem Arm\u00e1dy \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky z leti\u0161t\u011b Bocho\u0159 u P\u0159erova do\u0161lo 30. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2013 i k ukon\u010den\u00ed provozu leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 stanice a slu\u017eebny na tomto leti\u0161ti.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Stanice byla zalo\u017eena roku 1953 a prvn\u00ed historicky zaznamenan\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed bylo provedeno v listopadu 1953 (od tohoto data existuje 60ti let\u00e1 souvisl\u00e1 \u0159ada m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek). Od roku 2003 byla meteorologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba na leti\u0161ti P\u0159erov zp\u016fsobil\u00e1 poskytovat leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby i civiln\u00edmu letectv\u00ed. Certifikaci k t\u00e9to zp\u016fsobilosti vystavil odbor vojensk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed MO. Slu\u017eebna i stanice vedle leti\u0161tn\u00edch v\u00fdstrah a p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed zaji\u0161\u0165ovala sestavov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v INTER, SYNOP a v r\u00e1mci vojensk\u00e9ho i civiln\u00edho letectv\u00ed zejm\u00e9na zpr\u00e1v METAR a SPECI.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Posledn\u00ed vyslan\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va: METAR LKPO 010000Z VRB01KT CAVOK 11\/10 Q1011 RMK CNCLD DUE END OF FLYING=<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">B\u011bhem \u0159ady let se na meteorologick\u00e9 stanici i slu\u017eebn\u011b P\u0159erov vyst\u0159\u00eddalo nem\u00e1lo specialist\u016f hydrometeorologick\u00e9 su\u017eby Arm\u00e1dy \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z nich se n\u00e1sledn\u011b uplatnili na v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch pozic\u00edch na Velitelstv\u00ed pozemn\u00edch sil v Olomouci, ve v\u00fdcvikov\u00e9m st\u0159edisku pro p\u0159\u00edpravu vojensk\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f v Prost\u011bjov\u011b nebo po ukon\u010den\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 kari\u00e9ry na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch \u010cHM\u00da.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Se v\u0161emi t\u011bmito specialisty mi bylo ct\u00ed slou\u017eit a spolupracovat.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Ren\u00e9 Tydlit\u00e1t, MZ 2014\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 67, str. 32<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9eb49ee elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9eb49ee\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff58e9d\" data-id=\"ff58e9d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16c2b2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"16c2b2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"172\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Hajkova_cena-za-Atlas-300x172.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9008\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Hajkova_cena-za-Atlas-300x172.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Hajkova_cena-za-Atlas-768x439.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Hajkova_cena-za-Atlas.jpg 939w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18ac29e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"18ac29e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mapa roku 2012 pro Atlas fenologick\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f \u010ceska<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7a2e55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a7a2e55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Cenu Mapa roku 2012 Kartografick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky z\u00edskal Atlas fenologick\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f \u010ceska vydan\u00fd spole\u010dn\u00fdmi silami \u010cHM\u00da a Univerzity Palack\u00e9ho. Slavnostn\u00ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed se konalo 16. kv\u011btna v r\u00e1mci presti\u017en\u00edho veletrhu Sv\u011bt knihy 2013 v Liter\u00e1rn\u00edm s\u00e1le na pra\u017esk\u00e9m V\u00fdstavi\u0161ti. V konkurenci 19 dal\u0161\u00edch publikac\u00ed Atlas zv\u00edt\u011bzil v\u00a0kategorii Atlasy, soubory a edice map. Diplom p\u0159evzala hlavn\u00ed autorka odborn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti za \u010cHM\u00da Ing. Lenka H\u00e1jkov\u00e1 (vlevo). Blahop\u0159ejeme autor\u016fm a nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e si p\u0159\u00e1t, aby meteorologick\u00e1 (klimatologick\u00e1, fenologick\u00e1&#8230;) obec sb\u00edrala vav\u0159\u00edny i v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Martin Nov\u00e1k, MZ 2013\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 66, str. 87<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9182040 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9182040\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-399f5d3\" data-id=\"399f5d3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d81d0ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d81d0ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"207\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/uznani_ozon-300x207.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9012\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/uznani_ozon-300x207.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/uznani_ozon-768x531.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/uznani_ozon.jpg 911w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b417f6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b417f6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010cR p\u0159evzala v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ocen\u011bn\u00ed za pr\u00e1ci v oblasti ochrany ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75eeba3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75eeba3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Ministr \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Tom\u00e1\u0161 Chalupa p\u0159evzal 17. 9. 2012 z rukou z\u00e1stupce Programu pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed OSN plaketu, kter\u00e1 oce\u0148uje 25 let pr\u00e1ce \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky a jej\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou roli v ochran\u011b ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy a v\u00a0Montrealsk\u00e9m protokolu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159ed 25 lety byla podeps\u00e1na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed smlouva, na jej\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b se \u010din\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed k\u00a0zastaven\u00ed po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy Zem\u011b. Dne 16. 9.1981 byl sjedn\u00e1n Montrealsk\u00fd protokol o l\u00e1tk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 po\u0161kozuj\u00ed ozonovou vrstvu. D\u00edky pln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1vazk\u016f, stanoven\u00fdch v protokolu, se poda\u0159ilo sn\u00ed\u017eit spot\u0159ebu a v\u00fdrobu l\u00e1tek po\u0161kozuj\u00edc\u00edch ozonovou vrstvu (freon\u016f, halon\u016f, metylbromidu, tetrachlormetanu) od roku 1987 o 98 %. Valn\u00e9 shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed OSN proto vyhl\u00e1silo 16. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm dnem ochrany ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed Montrealsk\u00e9ho protokolu se poda\u0159ilo dos\u00e1hnout toho, \u017ee se v pr\u016fmyslu, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed i v dopravn\u00edm sektoru pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u00e1hrady, kter\u00e9 jsou z hlediska ochrany ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy bezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Ov\u0161em kv\u016fli mno\u017estv\u00ed l\u00e1tek v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed a jejich dlouhodob\u00e9mu p\u016fsoben\u00ed (a\u017e 100 let) doch\u00e1z\u00ed k obnov\u011b ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy pomalu a k \u00fapln\u00e9 obnov\u011b dojde (podle posledn\u00edch modelov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f) pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b a\u017e kolem 2050\u20132065.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a ozonov\u00e1 observato\u0159 \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 monitoruje stav ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b ji\u017e od r. 1962. Data z Hradce Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 jsou vzhledem ke sv\u00e9 kvalit\u011b a d\u00e9lce \u0159ady standardn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na ke sledov\u00e1n\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch glob\u00e1ln\u00edch trend\u016f a ke kalibraci dru\u017eicov\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed ozonu. Ji\u017e 21 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f (od ledna 2011) je ozonov\u00e1 vrstva nejen nad \u010cR, ale i nad velkou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Evropy zeslabena. D\u016fsledkem je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pronikaj\u00edc\u00edho UV-z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. V roce 2011 byla nam\u011b\u0159ena druh\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00ed d\u00e1vka UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed od roku 1964.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u010cesk\u00e1 republika v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee se z\u00e1vazky, stanoven\u00e9 v Montrealsk\u00e9m protokolu da\u0159\u00ed plnit. Na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni vytvo\u0159ila funk\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00fapravy a kontroly pro nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s l\u00e1tkami, po\u0161kozuj\u00edc\u00edmi ozonovou vrstvu a p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti st\u00e1t\u016fm ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed a ji\u017en\u00ed Evrop\u011b. \u010cesk\u00e9 firmy nab\u00edzej\u00ed technologie, kter\u00e9 ozonovou vrstvu nepo\u0161kozuj\u00ed. Experti Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a ozonov\u00e9 observato\u0159e \u010cHM\u00da pom\u00e1hali s instalac\u00ed a kalibrac\u00ed Dobsonov\u00fdch ozonov\u00fdch spektrofotometr\u016f, nap\u0159. v Keni&#8217;, Egypt\u011b, Jihoafrick\u00e9 republice \u010di Botswan\u011b. \u010c\u00e1st pomoci byla realizov\u00e1na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u010desk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed rozvojov\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">A co v\u00edce, \u010de\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci m\u011b\u0159\u00ed stav ozonu a UV-z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed tak\u00e9 v Antarktid\u011b. Tato data pak vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e9 spolupracuj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci Montrealsk\u00e9ho protokolu a V\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e9 \u00famluvy na ochranu ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy k tomu, aby rozhodly, zdaje nutn\u00e9 celosv\u011btovou regulaci zp\u0159\u00edsnit, a jak. V\u011bdci d\u00e1vaj\u00ed podklady k tomu, aby politici rozhodli, jak spr\u00e1vn\u011b j\u00edt d\u00e1l.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Za 25 let pr\u00e1ce v t\u00e9to oblasti proto v\u00fdkonn\u00fd \u0159editel Programu OSN pro \u017divotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed Achim Steiner a v\u00fdkonn\u00fd tajemn\u00edk ozonov\u00e9ho sekretari\u00e1tu Marco Gonz\u00e1Iez ud\u011blil \u010cesk\u00e9 republice plaketu, kter\u00e1 uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v ochran\u011b ozonov\u00e9 Vrstvy pro dal\u0161\u00ed generace.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Obr. Plaketa programu pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed OSN, kter\u00e1 oce\u0148uje 25 let pr\u00e1ce \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky a jej\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou roli v\u00a0ochran\u011b ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy a v\u00a0Montrealsk\u00e9m protokolu.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Michal Janouch, MZ 2012\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 65, str. 190<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-06932dc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"06932dc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e446c4e\" data-id=\"e446c4e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21ea1b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"21ea1b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8213f48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8213f48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010cesk\u00fd teplotn\u00ed rekord \u2013 Dob\u0159ichovice 20. 8. 2012<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ad63fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ad63fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">I kdy\u017e se v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u011bnuje r\u016fzn\u00fdm rekord\u016fm zbyte\u010dn\u011b velk\u00e1 pozornost, je p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed hodnoty 40,2 \u00b0C, kter\u00e1 byla dosud pokl\u00e1d\u00e1na za nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplotu nam\u011b\u0159enou na standardn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 stanici v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice, ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt v\u011bnov\u00e1na na\u0161e pozornost. V\u00a0pond\u011bl\u00ed 20. srpna 2012 v\u00a015:20 SEL\u010c byla na stanici Dob\u0159ichovice (14\u00b0 16\u201933\u2018\u2018 v. d., 49\u00b0 56\u201800\u2018\u2018 s. \u0161.) nam\u011b\u0159ena teplota vzduchu 40,4 \u00b0C. T\u00edm byl p\u0159ekon\u00e1n dosud uzn\u00e1van\u00fd teplotn\u00ed rekord pro \u010ceskou republiku z\u00a027. \u010dervence 1983 nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd v\u00a0Praze-Uh\u0159\u00edn\u011bvsi ve V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9m \u00fastavu \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 v\u00fdroby.<\/p><p><em>V\u00edce informac\u00ed je uvedeno na samostatn\u00e9 str\u00e1nce k\u00a0t\u00e9to ud\u00e1losti<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Lubo\u0161 N\u011bmec, MZ 2012\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 65, str. 145\u2013148<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cf4d052 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cf4d052\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4e4b252\" data-id=\"4e4b252\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa0c7a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"aa0c7a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"211\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0005_0-211x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9016\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0005_0-211x300.jpg 211w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0005_0-720x1024.jpg 720w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0005_0-768x1092.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0005_0.jpg 961w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 211px) 100vw, 211px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f2c039 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f2c039\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ivan Hanl \u2013 osobnost \u010desk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-628a19c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"628a19c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Na 3. zased\u00e1n\u00ed Podv\u00fdboru pro v\u011bdu v\u00fdzkum, letectv\u00ed a kosmonautiku, spadaj\u00edc\u00edho pod Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd v\u00fdbor Poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovny Parlamentu \u010cR, kter\u00e9 se konalo v\u00a0Kongresov\u00e9m centru Leti\u0161t\u011b Praha dne 5. dubna. 2012, tj. p\u0159esn\u011b v den 75. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zah\u00e1jen\u00ed provozu na leti\u0161ti v Praze-Ruzyni, se uskute\u010dnil slavnostn\u00ed akt vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed osobnost\u00ed \u010ds. letectv\u00ed a kosmonautiky za rok 2011. Jde o ocen\u011bn\u00ed pro osobnosti a pracovn\u00ed t\u00fdmy \u010desk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed a kosmonautiky za celo\u017eivotn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos nebo mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky v t\u011bchto odv\u011btv\u00edch. v tajn\u00e9m hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed byl za rok 2011 vybr\u00e1n z 23 n\u00e1vrh\u016f jeden pracovn\u00ed t\u00fdm a osm jednotlivc\u016f. Mezi nimi byl ocen\u011bn p. Ivan Hanl, a to za celo\u017eivotn\u00ed p\u016fsoben\u00ed v oblasti leteck\u00e9 meteorologie ve funkci vedouc\u00edho leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 stanice na leti\u0161ti Praha-Ruzyn\u011b, za p\u0159edpisovou a certifika\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost a za zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch a monitorovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f do leti\u0161tn\u00edho provozu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Leteck\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 stanice na leti\u0161ti Praha-Ruzyn\u011b hraje v\u00fdznamnou roli v poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed pro letov\u00fd provoz, zejm\u00e9na pro fin\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1ze letu, tj. vzlety a p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159i zt\u00ed\u017een\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch &#8211; letech za tzv. podm\u00ednek n\u00edzk\u00fdch dohlednost\u00ed kategorie IIIb dle klasifikace Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed ICAO (International Civil Aviation organization). P\u0159edpisov\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 a v\u010dasn\u00e9 dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto informac\u00ed z jednotliv\u00fdch senzor\u016f, jejich vyhodnocen\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a tvorba a distribuce leteck\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v v souladu s p\u0159edpisem L3-METEOROLOGIE je zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1na syst\u00e9mem AWOS (Airport Weather observation System) finsk\u00e9 firmy Vaisala, jeho\u017e 3. generace Avimet (ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed verze software 6.0.8.0) je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b testov\u00e1na a bude v \u010dervnu provozn\u011b certifikov\u00e1na \u00da\u0159adem pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed a pot\u00e9 nasazena do rutinn\u00edho provozu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ivan Hanl byl vedouc\u00edm leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 stanice neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch 35 let (1974\u20132009). V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b \u017eezlo vedouc\u00edho ji\u017e p\u0159edal mlad\u0161\u00ed generaci, st\u00e1le v\u0161ak pracuje jako leteck\u00fd meteorologick\u00fd pozorovatel a v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se pod\u00edl\u00ed na lad\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu Avimet, stejn\u011b jako se pod\u00edlel na lad\u011bn\u00ed a uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed do rutinn\u00edho provozu jeho p\u0159edch\u016fdc\u016f v 1. a 2. generaci, tj. syst\u00e9m\u016f AWOS MIDAS 600 (Meteorological Information and Data Aquisition System) a AWOS MIDAS IV.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Bohumil Techlovsk\u00fd, MZ 2012\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 65, str. 94\u201395<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae67922 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ae67922\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d519138\" data-id=\"d519138\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a785e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4a785e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba34984 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ba34984\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Teplotn\u00ed rekordy<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229369d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"229369d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Kdo d\u00e1l, kdo v\u00fd\u0161, kdo rychleji, to jsou z\u00e1vody. Nejvyda\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou ty, p\u0159i nich\u017e padaj\u00ed rekordy. T\u011bch je v\u00edce druh\u016f: halov\u00e9, osobn\u00ed, n\u00e1rodn\u00ed, sv\u011btov\u00e9 a jin\u00e9. Tak\u00e9 jaro, l\u00e9to, podzim a zima jsou vyda\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed rekordy. Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou denn\u00ed rekordy teploty vzduchu, kter\u00e9 s radost\u00ed oznamuj\u00ed komer\u010dn\u00ed televizn\u00ed stanice, a ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed televize nem\u016f\u017ee z\u016fstat pozadu. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b letos v \u00fanoru byly sv\u011bdomit\u011b ohla\u0161ov\u00e1ny a zmi\u0148ov\u00e1ny i tehdy, kdy\u017e se nevyskytly, p\u0159esto\u017ee se o\u010dek\u00e1valy. \u0160koda. (Kolik poslucha\u010d\u016f v\u00ed, \u017ee tzv. rekordy se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed jen jednotliv\u00fdch konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch dn\u00ed v roce?)<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed pozorovac\u00ed \u0159ady n\u011bkter\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch stanic jsou tak kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, \u017ee k tomu, aby vzniklo nov\u00e9 absolutn\u00ed denn\u00ed minimum teploty vzduchu, nebo nov\u00e9 absolutn\u00ed denn\u00ed maximum teploty vzduchu nen\u00ed moc zapot\u0159eb\u00ed. Dokonce na stanic\u00edch, kter\u00e9 teprve pozorovat za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed, je ka\u017ed\u00e1 nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teplota nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 v noci a ka\u017ed\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplota nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 p\u0159es den hodnotou rekordn\u00ed, a tedy medi\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00edtanou.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jakmile v uplynul\u00e9 zim\u011b v\u00edce p\u0159ituhlo, hodn\u011b bylo om\u00edl\u00e1no \u010desk\u00e9 a \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 absolutn\u00ed minimum teploty vzduchu 42,2 \u00b0C, nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 11. \u00fanora 1929 na klimatologick\u00e9 stanici v Litv\u00ednovic\u00edch. (Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee se nikdo z televizn\u00edch redaktor\u016f \u010di moder\u00e1tor\u016f nezeptal, jak se zm\u011b\u0159ilo rtu\u0165ov\u00fdm teplom\u011brem, kdy\u017e rtu\u0165, jak zn\u00e1mo, tuhne p\u0159i \u201339 \u00b0C.). I z hlasu meteorolog\u016f bylo mo\u017eno vyc\u00edtit l\u00edtost nad t\u00edm, \u017ee se letos teplota p\u0159i no\u010dn\u00edm poklesu Zastavila pon\u011bkud p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b a litv\u00ednovick\u00fd rekord nebyl p\u0159ekon\u00e1n.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Slovensk\u00e9 absolutn\u00ed minimum teploty vzduchu \u201341,0 \u00b0C zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 na stanici V\u00edgIa\u0161, Pstru\u0161a poch\u00e1z\u00ed z t\u00e9ho\u017e dne jako minimum \u010desk\u00e9. Ned\u00e1 mi nep\u0159ipomenout konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed profesora Mikul\u00e1\u0161e Kon\u010deka, \u017ee kdyby v t\u00e9 dob\u011b u\u017e fungovala stanice Erd\u00fadka (nyn\u00ed Oravsk\u00e1 Lesn\u00e1), \u017ee by minimum bylo je\u0161t\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Myslel t\u00edm samoz\u0159ejm\u011b teplotu nam\u011b\u0159enou v regul\u00e9rn\u00ed stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edti.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dnes je situace jin\u00e1: objevili se lovci mraz\u016f. Jsou to \u010dmuchalov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed v horsk\u00fdch oblastech hledaj\u00ed v ploch\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eenin\u011b dol\u00edk s p\u0159ikr\u010denou teplotou, kterou by mohli omr\u00e1\u010dit sv\u011bt. Maj\u00ed sm\u016flu, jeliko\u017e mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b tuh\u00e1 zima 1928\/1929 je d\u00e1vno za n\u00e1mi, tak \u017ee podobn\u00e1 sl\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed b\u011bhem n\u00ed u\u017e nelze zopakovat.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Klimatologov\u00e9 v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee absolutn\u00ed extr\u00e9my del\u0161\u00edch \u0159ad nem\u016f\u017eeme odvozovat nebo zp\u011btn\u011b dopl\u0148ovat. A moud\u0159\u00ed prognostici tak\u00e9 nikdy rekordy nep\u0159edpov\u00eddaj\u00ed, proto\u017ee v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee vznikaj\u00ed souhrou mnoha p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, zpravidla neposti\u017eiteln\u00fdch.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Je dob\u0159e, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 novin\u00e1\u0159e hejna rekord\u016f neom\u00e1mila a nep\u0159iplavila o kritick\u00fd pohled na v\u011bc. D\u016fkazem je n\u00e1zor Zby\u0148ka Petr\u00e1\u010dka, redaktora Lidov\u00fdch novin, kter\u00fd napsal:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jakmile ude\u0159\u00ed opravdu siln\u00e9 mrazy, nast\u00e1v\u00e1 sezona \u201elovc\u016f rekord\u016f\u201c. Ve vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 shod\u011b postupuj\u00ed m\u00e9dia, amat\u00e9r\u0161t\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9, ba i st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav. \u201eMrazy p\u0159ekonaly rekordy v\u0161ech stanic na Vyso\u010din\u011b\u201c, \u201eHistorick\u00fd rekord \u201342,2 \u00b0C nepadl\u201c, tak zn\u00ed titulky dne\u0161n\u00edch dn\u016f. Jak\u00fd to m\u00e1 smysl? Na to u\u017e se lid\u00e9 moc neptaj\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pro m\u00e9dia je smysl jasn\u00fd, nebo\u0165 rekordy prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed noviny a tituly s \u010d\u00edsly maj\u00ed sv\u016fj p\u016fvab&#8230; Pro v\u011bdce by m\u011bly rekordy v\u00fdznam v pra\u017esk\u00e9m Klementinu, kde se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed u\u017e 237 let. To u\u017e je slu\u0161n\u00e1 \u0159ada. Jen\u017ee nelze jen tak srovn\u00e1vat \u00fadaje nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 v \u00e9\u0159e nedl\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch ulic a kon\u00ed s \u010d\u00edsly z doby, kdy technologick\u00fd rozvoj d\u011bl\u00e1 z velkom\u011bst \u201etepeln\u00e9 ostrovy\u201c. A jak\u00fd smysl maj\u00ed mrazov\u00e9 rekordy stanic na Vyso\u010din\u011b, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed jen 23 let? Mluv\u010d\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee kdyby se na Kvild\u011b m\u011b\u0159ilo u\u017e v \u00fanoru 1929, nam\u011b\u0159ili by \u201350 \u00b0C. To je logika \u201ekdyby byly n\u011bkde ryby\u201c. Kdyby m\u011bl v roce 1936 Jesse Owens dne\u0161n\u00ed v\u00fdstroj a tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti zab\u011bhl by stovku za 9,5 sekundy. Zkuste to vyvr\u00e1tit.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ne, honba za mrazov\u00fdmi rekordy je sp\u00ed\u0161e honbou za technikou m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Na leto\u0161n\u00ed zim\u011b je zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cosi jin\u00e9ho. V\u0161imn\u011bte si, jak je extr\u00e9mn\u011b such\u00e1 a jak v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 a n\u00e1hl\u00e9 zm\u011bny p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed? (Lidov\u00e9 noviny 4. 2. 2012.)<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V b\u0159eznu se oteplilo v\u00edc, ne\u017e m\u011blo, a zas u\u017e kdesi padly rekordy. Pomaten\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 jsou py\u0161n\u00ed na to, \u017ee pro\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u011bco, co tu je\u0161t\u011b nebylo a lovci letn\u00edch veder ji\u017e p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed, jak se dostat k teplot\u011b vzduchu vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 40,2 \u00b0C, aby Praha-Uh\u0159\u00edn\u011bves upadla do zaslou\u017een\u00e9ho zapomenut\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 z meteorologick\u00e9 bran\u017ee, je p\u0159erekordov\u00e1no a v\u0161eho moc \u0161kod\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka, MZ 2012\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 65, str. 57<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4542a8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c4542a8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d2dd63e\" data-id=\"d2dd63e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9690c30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9690c30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53c2ec2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"53c2ec2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Twitter \u010cHM\u00da Meteorologie<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ae65b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ae65b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V \u010dervenci roku 2011 byl zah\u00e1jen meteorologick\u00fd informa\u010dn\u00ed servis na Twitteru<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radim Tolasz, \u00fastn\u00ed sd\u011blen\u00ed 25.1.2017<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dc162ea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dc162ea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5bcf90e\" data-id=\"5bcf90e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29a7b95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"29a7b95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90ae8fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"90ae8fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Facebook \u010cHM\u00da Meteorologie<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4ca6e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4ca6e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dne 20. dubna 2011 byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn prvn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek na Facebooku \u010cHM\u00da<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radim Tolasz, \u00fastn\u00ed sd\u011blen\u00ed 25.1.2017<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-62e5e4d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"62e5e4d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55563f6\" data-id=\"55563f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-112bbf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"112bbf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32a7bce elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"32a7bce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">50 let \u00dastavu fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6dc4dc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6dc4dc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00dastav zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdzkumem atmosf\u00e9ry Zem\u011b v cel\u00e9m jej\u00edm rozsahu od p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed vrstvy a\u017e po magnetosf\u00e9ru a kosmick\u00e9 okol\u00ed slav\u00ed v lednu 2014 pades\u00e1t\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed sv\u00e9ho vzniku.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry vznikl 1. ledna 1964. Jeho zalo\u017een\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zelo ustaven\u00ed samostatn\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b v \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 akademii v\u011bd. Z iniciativy prof. A. Gregora a prof. S. Brandejse vznikl v Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fastavu \u010cSAV tzv. meteorologick\u00fd sektor, z n\u011bho\u017e se vyvinulo samostatn\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b \u2013 Laborato\u0159 meteorologie. Byla ustavena 1. ledna 1961 a zam\u011b\u0159ila se na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd a klimatologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum.<br \/>\u00daFA zah\u00e1jil svou \u010dinnost na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozhodnut\u00ed Prez\u00eddia \u010cSAV z 30. \u0159\u00edjna 1963. K \u00fastavu, jeho\u017e hlavn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v are\u00e1lu Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR v Praze na Spo\u0159ilov\u011b, d\u00e1le pat\u0159ilo deta\u0161ovan\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, meteorologick\u00e1 observato\u0159 na Mile\u0161ovce a pozd\u011bji i observato\u0159 Kopisty u Mostu. \u00dastav sest\u00e1val ze t\u0159\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed: fyziky oblak\u016f; v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 cirkulace atmosf\u00e9ry; mezn\u00ed vrstvy. Tato struktura odpov\u00eddala trojici hlavn\u00edch sm\u011br\u016f v\u00fdzkumu, jimi\u017e byly laboratorn\u00ed a experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed studium f\u00e1zov\u00fdch zm\u011bn v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e a anal\u00fdza vlivu um\u011bl\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed na vznik sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic, studium v\u00fdvoje velkoprostorov\u00fdch pol\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch prom\u011bnn\u00fdch v\u010detn\u011b studia vyu\u017eitelnosti dru\u017eicov\u00fdch informac\u00ed v meteorologii a v\u00fdzkum mezn\u00ed vrstvy atmosf\u00e9ry se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na ot\u00e1zky \u010distoty ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed na:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/abicko.avcr.cz\/2014\/01\/06\/index.html\">http:\/\/abicko.avcr.cz\/2014\/01\/06\/index.html<\/a><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>-pl- 21.1.2022<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-711f2c3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"711f2c3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-421cbe6\" data-id=\"421cbe6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac45c33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ac45c33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"198\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0011_0-300x198.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9024\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0011_0-300x198.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0011_0-768x507.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0011_0.jpg 955w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50af757 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"50af757\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ALADIN \u2013 20 let mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce v numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-131b59d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"131b59d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Dne 15. prosince 2010, za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti n\u00e1m\u011bstkyn\u011b ministra \u017divotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Rut B\u00edzkov\u00e9, bylo slavnostn\u011b podeps\u00e1no ji\u017e \u010dtvrt\u00e9 memorandum o porozum\u011bn\u00ed konsorcia ALADIN. Toto memorandum bude na dal\u0161\u00edch p\u011bt let zaji\u0161\u0165ovat spolupr\u00e1ci \u0161estn\u00e1cti n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb na spole\u010dn\u00e9m programu v oboru numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">ALADIN je meteorolog\u016fm i \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti zn\u00e1m v\u00a0prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b jako n\u00e1zev p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho modelu po\u010das\u00ed. Tak tomu i historicky bylo \u2013 jm\u00e9no ALADIN je francouzsk\u00fd akronym \u201eAire Limit\u00e9e Adaptation dynamique D\u00e9v\u00e9loppement International\u201c, kter\u00fd vyjad\u0159uje, \u017ee jde o model na omezen\u00e9 oblasti, vyv\u00edjen\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm t\u00fdmem. Tento akronym vyst\u0159\u00eddal p\u016fvodn\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b poetick\u00fd, zato velmi technick\u00fd n\u00e1zev LAM ARPEGE (\u201eLimited Area Model\u201c tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st glob\u00e1ln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu ARPEGE). Teprve pozd\u011bji se p\u016fvodn\u00ed projekt, p\u0159ejmenovan\u00fd na ALADIN, stal programem a kolem n\u011bho se postupn\u011b vybudovalo stejnojmenn\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed mnoha zemi. Proto\u017ee jsme na sklonku roku 2010 mohli spolu s podpisem nov\u00e9ho memoranda oslavit i dvacet let od za\u010d\u00e1tku t\u00e9to nev\u0161edn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce, m\u00e1me tak dobrou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost p\u0159ipomenout si na jak\u00fdch principech vznikla, a jak ovlivnila rozvoj oboru nejenom u n\u00e1s, ale v\u00a0cel\u00e9m regionu st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na konci listopadu 1990 napsal tehdej\u0161\u00ed \u0159editel M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France, Andr\u00e9 Lebeau, dopis sv\u00fdm koleg\u016fm v zem\u00edch st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy. Nab\u00eddl jim \u00fa\u010dast na projektu, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem bylo spole\u010dn\u011b vyvinout region\u00e1ln\u00ed verzi glob\u00e1ln\u00edho modelu ARPEGE. Z odborn\u00e9ho hlediska \u0161lo skute\u010dn\u011b o sou\u010d\u00e1st, kter\u00e1 chyb\u011bla v tehdej\u0161\u00edch pl\u00e1nech spole\u010dn\u00e9ho glob\u00e1ln\u00edho projektu IFS\/ARPEGE mezi M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France a Evropsk\u00fdm centrem pro st\u0159edn\u011bdobou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed (ECMWF), a kter\u00e1 m\u011bla zajistit operativn\u00ed nasazen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu ve vysok\u00e9m rozli\u0161en\u00ed. Nab\u00eddka byla velmi konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed a znamenala zapojen\u00ed do relativn\u011b komplexn\u00edho projektu. Tehdy kr\u00e1tce po revoluci na za\u010d\u00e1tku devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let z\u00e1rove\u0148 znamenala pro Bulharsko, \u010ceskoslovensko, Ma\u010farsko, Polsko a Rumunsko, zem\u011b b\u00fdval\u00e9ho socialistick\u00e9ho bloku, jeden z prvn\u00edch krok\u016f ke spolupr\u00e1ci mezi n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi meteorologick\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami z\u00e1padn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy, rozd\u011blen\u00e9 po mnoho let \u017eeleznou oponou.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Projekt nov\u00e9ho region\u00e1ln\u00edho modelu byl samoz\u0159ejm\u011b koncipov\u00e1n jako vz\u00e1jemn\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00fd. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b ve sv\u00fdch po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch se musel vyrovnat s velk\u00fdmi rozd\u00edly ve financ\u00edch a dostupn\u00fdch technologi\u00edch z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Andr\u00e9 Lebeau proto navrhl postupovat po etap\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 pak v praxi skute\u010dn\u011b prob\u011bhly podle p\u0159edv\u00eddan\u00e9ho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e. V\u00a0prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi prob\u00edhal v\u00fdvoj modelu ALADIN jenom na jednom m\u00edst\u011b \u2013 nov\u00e9m modern\u00edm pracovi\u0161ti M\u00e9t\u00e9o France v\u00a0Toulouse prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00fdch a v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch st\u00e1\u017ei, jej\u00edch\u017e financov\u00e1n\u00ed v tomto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9m za\u010d\u00e1tku podpo\u0159ila francouzsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da. Ze strany v\u0161ech z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb se jednalo v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi o dlouhodobou investici do lidsk\u00e9ho odborn\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu. Doslova na Zelen\u00e9 louce byl vybudov\u00e1n mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u00fdm, kde doch\u00e1zelo ke konfrontaci v\u011bdeck\u00fdch my\u0161lenek, v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b znalost\u00ed, sezn\u00e1men\u00ed se s technologiemi vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b s\u00a0architekturou k\u00f3du modelu IFS\/ARPEGE, ur\u010den\u00e9mu pro po\u010detn\u011b efektivn\u00ed provoz.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00fdvoj prvn\u00ed verze modelu ALADIN zapo\u010dal v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1991 a trval p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dva a p\u016fl roku. Prvn\u00ed provozn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty modelu byly slavnostn\u011b zah\u00e1jeny 31. kv\u011btna 1994, tehdy je\u0161t\u011b na superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010di Cray C90 v Toulouse. V\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed oblast zahrnovala v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 st\u00e1ty st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy, a proto\u017ee internet byl v t\u00e9 dob\u011b je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0plenk\u00e1ch, tak se prvn\u00ed produkty ve form\u011b mapek p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ely pomoc\u00ed satelitn\u00edho programu RETIM.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V pozv\u00e1nce ke spolupr\u00e1ci je t\u00e9\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bno, \u017ee v\u00a0budoucnu z\u00edsk\u00e1me p\u0159\u00edstup k v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm. Z tohoto pohledu je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zm\u00ednit v\u011bdeckou a technologickou iniciativu rakousk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby (ZAMG), kter\u00e1 zapo\u010dala t\u00e9\u017e na podzim roku 1990 a kter\u00e1 pozd\u011bji dala zrod st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9mu programu spolupr\u00e1ce RC LACE (Regional Cooperation for Limited Area modeling in Central Europe), ve kter\u00e9m je nyn\u00ed sdru\u017eeno sedm zem\u00ed (\u010cesk\u00e1 republika, Chorvatsko, Ma\u010farsko, Rakousko, Rumunsko, Slovensko a Slovinsko). RC LACE v\u00fdznamn\u011b napomohlo strukturovat \u00fasil\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zemi a vz\u00e1jemn\u011b se dopl\u0148ovalo s\u00a0programem ALADIN. V jeho r\u00e1mci vznikl prvn\u00ed t\u00fdm staraj\u00edc\u00ed se o operativn\u00ed konfiguraci modelu ALADIN pro zem\u011b st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9ho regionu. Tato aplikace dostala n\u00e1zev ALADIN\/LACE a zpo\u010d\u00e1tku se na z\u00e1klad\u011b vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 smlouvy po\u010d\u00edtala st\u00e1le v Toulouse na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di Cray J90, v letech 1996 a\u017e 1998.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mezit\u00edm se RC LACE rozhodlo p\u0159em\u00edstit svoji centr\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikaci do st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, a to konkr\u00e9tn\u011b do \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, kde byl ALADIN\/LACE po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n pro v\u0161echny \u010dlensk\u00e9 zem\u011b na superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010di NEC SX4 a\u017e do konce roku 2002. P\u0159esun aplikac\u00ed modelu ALADIN do \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f pak pokra\u010doval, a nyn\u00ed je provozov\u00e1n ve v\u0161ech \u0161estn\u00e1cti \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00edch.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Sou\u010dasn\u011b s technologick\u00fdm pokrokem nab\u00edral v programu ALADIN na obr\u00e1tk\u00e1ch v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj, a\u0165 ji\u017e \u0161lo o dizerta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, \u0159adu v\u011bdeck\u00fdch publikac\u00ed, nebo projekty financovan\u00e9 evropskou komis\u00ed. ALADIN z\u00edskal svoje pevn\u00e9 m\u00edsto na evropsk\u00e9 a sv\u011btov\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u011b numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed. Bezesporu pomohl pozvednout v\u011bdeckou a technologickou \u00farove\u0148 v\u0161ech z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00fdch instituc\u00ed. St\u00e1le v\u00edce v\u00fdzkumu a v\u00fdvoje dnes prob\u00edh\u00e1 na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, zat\u00edmco M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France i nad\u00e1le zaji\u0161\u0165uje hlavn\u00ed koordinaci programu a \u00fadr\u017ebu zdrojov\u00fdch knihoven modelu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">ALADIN je od sv\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku zalo\u017een na principu v\u011bdeck\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje ka\u017ed\u00e9mu \u010dlenovi aktivn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvat k rozvoji spole\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a sd\u00edlet modern\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 postupy a technologie. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b kapacita spole\u010dn\u00e9ho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho t\u00fdmu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 sedmdes\u00e1ti \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdm odborn\u00edk\u016fm pracuj\u00edc\u00edm na pln\u00fd \u00favazek, a takov\u00fd t\u00fdm by si t\u011b\u017eko mohly dovolit jednotliv\u00e9 st\u00e1ry, obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ty mal\u00e9. Pro \u010desk\u00fd t\u00fdm a pro \u010deskou meteorologii obecn\u011b je velmi pot\u011b\u0161iteln\u00e9, \u017ee se z hlediska p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku do v\u00fdvoje spole\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu nach\u00e1z\u00ed hned na druh\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b za M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd princip \u00fa\u010dasti na v\u011bdeck\u00e9m a technick\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji byl nepochybn\u011b atraktivn\u00ed pro konsorcium HIRLAM, kter\u00e9 podepsalo smlouvu o spolupr\u00e1ci s konsorciem ALADIN v roce 2005. Ob\u011b konsorcia nyn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed s\u00edlu celkem dvaceti \u0161esti zemi, a to spolu s logistickou podporou ECMWF, znamen\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1klad pro dal\u0161\u00ed budouc\u00ed rozvoj tohoto syst\u00e9mu. Spole\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed obou konsorci\u00ed z\u00edskalo n\u00e1zev HARMONIE (Hirlam Aladin Regional Meso-scale Operational NWP In Euromed).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159ed numerickou p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed stoj\u00ed v budoucnu zna\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fakoly. Se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm se rozli\u0161en\u00edm model\u016f vstupujeme do m\u00e1lo prozkouman\u00e9ho prostoru \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b, ale nikoliv pln\u011b rozli\u0161en\u00fdch proces\u016f, jako jsou konvekce a turbulence. Sou\u010dasn\u011b \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem nar\u016fst\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed nekonven\u010dn\u00edch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z radaru a dru\u017eic, kter\u00e9 je pot\u0159eba asimilovat pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed co nejlep\u0161\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f. D\u00e1le logicky nar\u016fst\u00e1 tlak ve\u0159ejnosti na zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a konstrukce probabilistick\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kde je numerick\u00fd p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed syst\u00e9m jedn\u00edm z d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f cel\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce nezbytn\u00fdch krok\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159ejme si tedy spole\u010dn\u011b, aby rozvoj syst\u00e9mu ALADIN pokra\u010doval i nad\u00e1le podle dobr\u00fdch princip\u016f, na kter\u00fdch vznikl, a abychom tak spole\u010dnou investic\u00ed zajistili vysokou \u00farove\u0148 kvality na\u0161eho opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a tvorby produktu pro mnohostrann\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed ve v\u0161ech \u010dinnostech modern\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, s\u00a0c\u00edlem co mo\u017en\u00e1 nejv\u00edce zm\u00edrnit rizika spojen\u00e1 s po\u010das\u00edm a podneb\u00edm.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Foto: P\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 \u0161estn\u00e1cti meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb p\u0159i podpisu memoranda konsorcia ALADIN. Foto O. \u0160uvarinov\u00e1.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radmila Bro\u017ekov\u00e1, MZ 2011\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 64, str. 30\u201331<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56e5dba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56e5dba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0e79799\" data-id=\"0e79799\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a7afe0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5a7afe0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-462e742 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"462e742\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meteorologie, m\u00e9dia a spole\u010dnost<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1b325d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f1b325d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Na ja\u0159e tohoto roku (2010) byli mnoz\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9 pon\u011bkud znepokojeni obrazem meteorologie ve sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch. Dlu\u017eno uv\u00e9st, \u017ee se jednalo sp\u00ed\u0161e o m\u00e9dia bulv\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jist\u011b nejsou ve st\u0159edu z\u00e1jm\u016f odborn\u00edk\u016f, ale kter\u00e1 nicm\u00e9n\u011b zasahuj\u00ed zna\u010dnou a mo\u017en\u00e1 i dominantn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st ve\u0159ejnosti. \u010cesk\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti se nap\u0159. p\u0159edkl\u00e1daly r\u016fzn\u00e9 neov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 a nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy o v\u00fdznamn\u00e9m vlivu v\u00fdbuchu sopky Eyjafjallaj\u00f6kull na chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a de\u0161tiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jaro, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e tyto hypot\u00e9zy byly prokl\u00e1dan\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00fdmi odborn\u00fdmi &#8220;perlami&#8221;, kter\u00e9 dosud slou\u017e\u00ed k pobaven\u00ed, ale prov\u00e1zen\u00e9 pon\u011bkud kysel\u00fdm \u00fasm\u011bvem. Mnoz\u00ed kolegov\u00e9 a kolegyn\u011b z \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu i dal\u0161\u00edch instituc\u00ed zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se meteorologi\u00ed a klimatologi\u00ed nelib\u011b nesli a nesou takovou &#8220;reprezentaci&#8221; meteorologie. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se nav\u00edc jako houby po de\u0161ti roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky nab\u00edzej\u00edc\u00ed zdarma nebo i za \u00faplatu meteorologick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy i p\u0159edpov\u011bdi, av\u0161ak \u010dasto velmi prom\u011bnliv\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee meteorologick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi dnes m\u016f\u017ee vyd\u00e1vat v podstat\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd trochu schopn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed program\u00e1tor \u010di soukrom\u00e1 firma? K zodpov\u011bzen\u00ed t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zky je vhodn\u00e9 se ned\u0159\u00edve pod\u00edvat trochu do minulosti. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed dv\u011bma des\u00edtkami let byly meteorologick\u00e9 informace v podstat\u011b monopoln\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, dostupnost meteorologick\u00fdch dat, zejm\u00e9na aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch, byla z dne\u0161n\u00edho pohledu velmi siln\u011b omezena. Numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed modely, na jejich\u017e v\u00fdvoji se mj. pod\u00edlel i doc. Zikmunda, byly sice ji\u017e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny, ale jejich v\u00fdsledky m\u011bli k dispozici t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b pouze profesn\u011b aktivn\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch instituc\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">S n\u00e1stupem Internetu v posledn\u00edch 10\u201315 letech se v\u0161ak situace velmi radik\u00e1ln\u011b zm\u011bnila. V\u011bt\u0161ina n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb poskytuje mnoho aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch informac\u00ed p\u0159es celosv\u011btovou digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pavu\u010dinu jako ve\u0159ejnou slu\u017ebu. Asi nejv\u00edce otev\u0159enou je v tomto smyslu z\u0159ejm\u011b N\u00e1rodn\u00ed pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba USA. Jejich glob\u00e1ln\u00ed model GFS pat\u0159\u00ed k pom\u011brn\u011b kvalitn\u00edm a jeho v\u00fdstupy je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat\u00a0 relativn\u011b snadno pro jakoukoliv oblast. To, o \u010dem snili &#8220;otcov\u00e9 zakladatel\u00e9&#8221; numerick\u00fdch metod, se nyn\u00ed st\u00e1v\u00e1 v podstat\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm statkem a sta\u010d\u00ed ji\u017e jen podpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9, n\u011bkdy i t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 laick\u00e9, znalosti meteorologie k z\u00e1kladn\u00ed interpretaci mnoh\u00fdch v\u00fdstup\u016f numerick\u00fdch model\u016f. P\u0159id\u00e1me-li k bohat\u00e9mu celosv\u011btov\u00e9mu servisu placen\u00e9mu lidem USA (ov\u0161em tak\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmu nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 \u00fadaje z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta) nemal\u00e9 zdroje informac\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb \u010di mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch agentur jako EUMETSAT nebo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b i ECMWF, m\u00e1 dnes v podstat\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk s p\u0159\u00edstupem k Internetu bezprecedentn\u011b bohat\u00fd servis meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed. Velkou roli v jejich interpretaci \u010di pak hraje i &#8220;zabalen\u00ed&#8221; do atraktivn\u00edch animac\u00ed prezentovan\u00fdch ve\u0159ejnosti, v \u010dem\u017e soukrom\u00e9 subjekty podnikaj\u00edc\u00ed v meteorologii ur\u010dit\u011b nemaj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 velk\u00e9 rezervy. N\u00e1rodn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, zam\u011bstn\u00e1ny nav\u00edc vlastn\u00edm m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm, archivac\u00ed \u010di zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm dat s celou nemalou agendou, \u010dasto nemaj\u00ed atraktivn\u00ed prezentaci informac\u00ed jako svou prioritu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Rostouc\u00ed konkurence soukrom\u00fdch agentur, a\u0165 u\u017e jakkoliv odborn\u011b (ne)kvalitn\u00edch, v\u0161ak mus\u00ed v\u00e9st k p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed postoje meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb k ve\u0159ejnosti. Asi nem\u00e1 smysl soupe\u0159it v oblasti barevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a &#8220;\u00fa\u017easn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch&#8221; obr\u00e1zk\u016f \u010di animac\u00ed, ale n\u00e1rodn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba mus\u00ed v\u00edce a efektivn\u011bji ukazovat svoji roli jako odborn\u011b fundovan\u00e9ho institutu. Nesta\u010d\u00ed se takto prezentovat jenom v\u016f\u010di st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1v\u011b a samospr\u00e1v\u011b, ale je nutn\u00e9 v\u00edce ukazovat tuto roli p\u0159ed ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Medi\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivity soukrom\u00fdch firem prom\u011bnliv\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b v oblasti meteorologie byly jedn\u00edm z impulz\u016f zaveden\u00ed webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.infomet.cz\/\">www.infomet.cz<\/a>, jejich\u017e autorem je RNDr. Petr Dvo\u0159\u00e1k, od jara 2010 tiskov\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed meteorologicko-klimatologick\u00e9ho \u00faseku \u010cHM\u00da. Tyto str\u00e1nky maj\u00ed slou\u017eit jako hlavn\u00ed a pru\u017en\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00ed poj\u00edtko mezi meteorology a klimatology \u010cHM\u00da na stran\u011b jedn\u00e9 a novin\u00e1\u0159i i ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed na stran\u011b druh\u00e9, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e by se m\u011bla zajistit maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed odborn\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 informac\u00ed. P\u0159i prezentaci zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed, vysv\u011btlovan\u00ed odborn\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f apod. hraj\u00ed hlavn\u00ed roli pracovn\u00edci \u010cHM\u00da. V\u00edt\u00e1na je i aktivita \u010dlen\u016f a p\u0159\u00edznivc\u016f \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a v podstat\u011b cel\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti. Str\u00e1nky &#8220;Infomet&#8221; umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1vat podn\u011bty \u010di ps\u00e1t p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, kter\u00e9 ale na rozd\u00edl od autor\u016f z \u010cHM\u00da musej\u00ed \u010dekat na p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 schv\u00e1len\u00ed pov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm moder\u00e1torem a spr\u00e1vcem, schv\u00e1len\u00ed v\u0161ak netrv\u00e1 dlouho. Prvn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee si medi\u00e1ln\u00ed sf\u00e9ra v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice rychle zvykla na nov\u00e9 aktivity \u010cHM\u00da a novin\u00e1\u0159i nov\u00e9 tiskov\u00e9 slu\u017eby aktivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dal\u0161\u00ed z vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed medi\u00e1ln\u00ed prezentace meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed \u010di zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch informac\u00ed je veden\u00ed osobn\u00edch blog\u016f. V t\u00e9to oblasti jsou jist\u011b velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e9 str\u00e1nky R. Tolasze a L. Metelky na adrese\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aktualne.cz\/\">www.aktualne.cz<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Milan \u0160\u00e1lek s p\u0159isp\u011bn\u00edm R. Tolasze, V\u011bstn\u00edk \u010cMeS 2010\/1, \u0159\u00edjen 2010<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5c14e1b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5c14e1b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f3a034\" data-id=\"8f3a034\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51dde90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"51dde90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccf2f22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ccf2f22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">www.infomet.cz<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-736a7fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"736a7fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dne 20. kv\u011btna 2010 byl na Infometu zve\u0159ejn\u011bn prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>\u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 na nelehkou cestu sm\u011brem k\u00a0medi\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. Zat\u00edm v\u00a0\u00faseku meteorologie a\u00a0klimatologie. Informa\u010dn\u00ed port\u00e1l\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.infomet.cz\/\">www.infomet.cz<\/a>\u00a0je mal\u00fdm kr\u016f\u010dkem pro n\u00e1s, ale v\u011b\u0159me, \u017ee velk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ednosem pro V\u00e1s. Najdete zde informace o\u00a0po\u010das\u00ed a\u00a0klimatu, o\u00a0m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a\u00a0p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed, o\u00a0v\u011bd\u011b a\u00a0popularizaci. Nejedn\u00e1 se pouze o\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed server v\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b, kterou ji\u017e dob\u0159e zn\u00e1te (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chmi.cz\/\">www.chmi.cz<\/a>, portal.chmi.cz, hydro.chmi.cz, biblio.chmi.cz) \u2014\u00a0jde o\u00a0novou kvalitu, kterou v\u0161ak budete rozv\u00edjet hlavn\u011b Vy. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me Va\u0161e p\u0159ipom\u00ednky a\u00a0n\u00e1vrhy \u2014\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:media@infomet.cz\">media@infomet.cz<\/a>, popi\u0161te zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed ve va\u0161em okol\u00ed \u2014\u00a0 formul\u00e1\u0159 vlevo nebo po\u0161lete &#8220;po\u010dasovou&#8221; fotografii, kterou zve\u0159ejn\u00edme. Jsme tady pro V\u00e1s.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radim Tolasz, Infomet, 20.5.2010<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9ecbd7d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9ecbd7d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d656b7f\" data-id=\"d656b7f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdb621e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bdb621e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd415d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd415d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nov\u00fd superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d v \u010cesk\u00e9m hydrometeorologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-009fcc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"009fcc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti zprovozn\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00e9ho superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de NEC SX-9 uspo\u0159\u00e1dal \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav (\u010cHM\u00da) 26. 1. 2010 tiskovou konferenci, na kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 \u00fastavu (I. Obrusn\u00edk \u2013 \u0159editel \u00fastavu, R. Tolasz \u2013 n\u00e1m\u011bstek pro meteorologii a klimatologii) i specializovan\u00ed odborn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci (R. Bro\u017ekov\u00e1 \u2013 vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed, J. Da\u0148helka \u2013 vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed hydrologick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed) sezn\u00e1mili novin\u00e1\u0159e nejen s nov\u00fdm technologick\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm a jeho o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00ednosy, ale tak\u00e9 s\u00a0postaven\u00edm a v\u00fdznamem \u010cHM\u00da v r\u00e1mci Integrovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u010cR. S prezentacemi vystoupili tak\u00e9 z\u00e1stupci dodavatelsk\u00fdch firem \u2013 Bull, s. r. o. a NEC Corporation. Krom\u011b m\u00e9di\u00ed, kter\u00e1 o superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010di pom\u011brn\u011b obs\u00e1hle informovala (nap\u0159. Mlad\u00e1 Fronta Dnes s\u00a0p\u0159edstihem ji\u017e 23. 1. s titulkem Revoluce v p\u0159edv\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed), se konference z\u00fa\u010dastnili tak\u00e9 z\u00e1stupci M\u017dP \u010cR (n\u00e1m\u011bstkyn\u011b ministra R. B\u00edzkov\u00e1), St\u00e1tn\u00edho fondu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR a jato mil\u00fd host i b\u00fdval\u00fd ministr \u017divotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed P. Kala\u0161. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tiskov\u00e9 konference byla exkurze na pracovi\u0161t\u011b informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed spojen\u00e1 s prohl\u00eddkou superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de a v\u00fdkladem.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po ni\u010div\u00fdch n\u00e1sledc\u00edch povodn\u00ed v letech 1997, 2002, 2006 a 2009, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobily obrovsk\u00e9 materi\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kody i ztr\u00e1ty na lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivotech, na\u0161lo vol\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da po v\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010di p\u0159\u00edznivou odezvu u nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho rezortu vy\u00fast\u011bnou v po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Nov\u00fd superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d byl po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd za 70 milion\u016f korun v r\u00e1mci projektu 3MP \u2013 Modernizace syst\u00e9mu M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, Modelov\u00e1n\u00ed a P\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Financov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo z 85 % saturov\u00e1no z evropsk\u00fdch fond\u016f zahrnut\u00fdch do opera\u010dn\u00edho programu \u017divotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. \u010cHM\u00da tak m\u016f\u017ee na kvalitativn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni pokra\u010dovat ve v\u00fdzkumu a zejm\u00e9na aplikac\u00edch meteorologick\u00e9ho p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho modelu ALADIN, kter\u00fd vznikl z iniciativy M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France v roce 1991 a na n\u011bm\u017e se \u00fastav pod\u00edl\u00ed jako zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlen. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b konsorcium ALADIN zahrnuje ji\u017e 16 st\u00e1t\u016f a je evropsk\u00fdm projektem pro v\u00fdvoj model\u016f p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed. Jak uvedla R. Bro\u017ekov\u00e1 \u201enov\u00fd superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d umo\u017en\u00ed zdvojn\u00e1sobit rozli\u0161en\u00ed modelu ALADIN a tak\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt jeho novou verzi, kter\u00e1 explicitn\u011b modeluje velk\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a z\u00e1rove\u0148 konzistentn\u011b parametrizuje sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my mal\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159\u00edtek, jako jsou nap\u0159. bou\u0159ky. Zdokonalen\u00ed provozn\u00ed verze p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho modelu ALADIN umo\u017en\u00ed kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zabezpe\u010deni syst\u00e9mu v\u010dasn\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed a t\u00edm pos\u00edlen\u00ed preventivn\u00ed slo\u017eky ochrany zdrav\u00ed a majetku obyvatel \u010ceska.\u201c<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V hierarchii Integrovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eba \u010cHM\u00da prvotn\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st p\u0159enosu informac\u00ed reaguj\u00edc\u00edch na extr\u00e9mn\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00e9 jevy. Celkov\u00e1 efektivita bude i nad\u00e1le odvisl\u00e1 od sou\u010dinnosti a v\u00fdkonnosti v\u0161ech slo\u017eek tohoto syst\u00e9mu.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 2010\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 63, str. 31\u201332<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bb92dc6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bb92dc6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1e97bc\" data-id=\"a1e97bc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d22d899 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d22d899\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"276\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/EUMETSAT_22.6.2009-300x276.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9040\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/EUMETSAT_22.6.2009-300x276.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/EUMETSAT_22.6.2009.jpg 568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bfdf5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8bfdf5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Podpis smlouvy o pln\u00e9m \u010dlenstv\u00ed \u010cR v EUMETSAT<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b898d9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b898d9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">EUMETSAT (European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites) je mezivl\u00e1dn\u00ed evropskou organizac\u00ed, s hlavn\u00edm s\u00eddlem v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m Darmstadtu, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdvojem a provozem meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u017eic. Jej\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1tky jsou \u00fazce spojeny s Evropskou kosmickou agenturou (ESA), kter\u00e1 roku 1977 vypustila na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu prvn\u00ed evropskou geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed meteorologickou dru\u017eici, Meteosat 1. Po tomto \u00fasp\u011bchu se objevily prvn\u00ed my\u0161lenky z\u0159\u00eddit evropskou organizaci staraj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdhradn\u011b o meteorologick\u00e9 dru\u017eice. Tak byla v roce 1984 nejprve vy\u010dlen\u011bna sekce EUMETSAT uvnit\u0159 ESA, od roku 1986 je ji\u017e samostatnou organizac\u00ed. Odpov\u011bdnost za syst\u00e9m Meteosat p\u0159evzala form\u00e1ln\u011b v lednu 1987.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel EUMETSAT Lars Prahm a ministr \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Ladislav Miko p\u0159i podpisu smlouvy<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V roce 1991 za\u010dal EUMETSAT vyv\u00edjet nov\u00fd program MSG \u2013 Meteosat druh\u00e9 generace, v sou\u010dasnosti je ji\u017e druh\u00e1 dru\u017eice z t\u00e9to s\u00e9rie v operativn\u00edm provozu s n\u00e1zvem Meteosat 9. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je z\u00e1lohov\u00e1na dru\u017eic\u00ed Meteosat 8, co\u017e je prvn\u00ed Meteosat druh\u00e9 generace.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Krom\u011b dru\u017eic geostacion\u00e1rn\u00edch vypustil EUMETSAT na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu tak\u00e9 prvn\u00ed dru\u017eici na pol\u00e1rn\u00ed dr\u00e1ze MetOp 19. \u0159\u00edjna 2006. Na tomto projektu \u00fazce spolupracuje s\u00a0americkou organizac\u00ed NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). Z\u00e1rove\u0148 spole\u010dn\u011b provozuj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed dru\u017eice na pol\u00e1rn\u00ed dr\u00e1ze, Jason a Jason &#8211; 2.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prvn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce EUMETSAT a \u010cHM\u00da se datuje ji\u017e od roku 1992, kdy EUMETSAT v\u016fbec poprv\u00e9 podepsal smlouvu o vyu\u017eit\u00ed dat s ne\u010dlenskou zem\u00ed. \u010ceskoslovensko bylo prvn\u00ed ze st\u0159edoevropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, jeho\u017e meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby (\u010cHM\u00da a SHM\u00da) podepsaly v \u00fanoru 1992 dvoustrannou dohodu o vyu\u017eit\u00ed dat z dru\u017eic Meteosat. Od \u0159\u00edjna 1991 m\u016f\u017ee \u0161irok\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost pravideln\u011b sledovat dru\u017eicov\u00e9 sn\u00edmky na televizn\u00edch obrazovk\u00e1ch; zpo\u010d\u00e1tku na televizn\u00edm kan\u00e1le OK3 v r\u00e1mci relace &#8220;Ka\u017ed\u00e1 sud\u00e1 po\u010das\u00ed&#8221;, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b jsou uv\u00e1d\u011bny v relac\u00edch \u010cesk\u00e9 televize. Dvoustrann\u00e1 dohoda o vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dat z dru\u017eic Meteosat byla n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t prodlou\u017eena a platila a\u017e do konce roku 2004.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na p\u0159elomu kv\u011btna a \u010dervna 2004 se v Praze konala v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed konference EUMETSAT (zcela v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b v jin\u00e9m ne\u017e \u010dlensk\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b), na n\u00ed\u017e byla 31. kv\u011btna 2004 podeps\u00e1na smlouva o p\u0159istoupen\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky k EUMETSAT formou p\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9ho \u010dlenstv\u00ed. Tato forma \u010dlenstv\u00ed na p\u0159echodnou dobu trv\u00e1 3\u20135 let, kdy spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t m\u00e1 p\u0159i ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch poplatc\u00edch stejn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k dat\u016fm jako st\u00e1ty s pln\u00fdm \u010dlenstv\u00edm, ale nem\u00e1 rozhodovac\u00ed pr\u00e1va, ani jeho firmy se nemohou \u00fa\u010dastnit v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00fdch \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch EUMETSAT.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V lednu 2008 byly zah\u00e1jeny p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 rozhovory o pln\u00e9m \u010dlenstv\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v organizaci EUMETSAT. 2. \u00fanora leto\u0161n\u00edho roku rozhodla vl\u00e1da \u010cR o pln\u00e9m \u010dlenstv\u00ed od 1. ledna 2010.\u00a0<strong>Dohodu podepsali 22. \u010dervna 2009 ministr \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Ladislav Miko a gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel EUMETSAT Lars Prahm.<\/strong>\u00a0Smlouva by nyn\u00ed m\u011bla b\u00fdt ratifikov\u00e1na Parlamentem \u010cR a podeps\u00e1na prezidentem republiky. Teprve pot\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u011b vstoup\u00ed v platnost.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Martina Francov\u00e1, MZ 2009\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 62, str. 164<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b31ac06 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b31ac06\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-13d1c13\" data-id=\"13d1c13\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c3d79f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5c3d79f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"212\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0036_0-212x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9045\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0036_0-212x300.jpg 212w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0036_0.jpg 564w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 212px) 100vw, 212px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7452e47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7452e47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">90 let \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby <\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8a62fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8a62fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>K p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed 90. let \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby bylo vyd\u00e1no speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v (2009\/5).<\/p><p>Obsah v\u00fdtisku Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v 2009\/5:<\/p><ul><li class=\"rtejustify\">90 let \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se n\u00e1m poda\u0159\u00ed udr\u017eet a d\u00e1le zlep\u0161ovat dobr\u00e9 postaven\u00ed mezi n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi meteorologick\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami v Evrop\u011b. Rozhovor s \u0159editelem \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Ing. Ivanem Obrusn\u00edkem, DrSc.<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Milan Lapin \u2013 Vladim\u00edr Pastir\u010d\u00e1k:<\/em> 90. v\u00fdro\u010die \u010deskoslovenskej meteorologickej slu\u017eby na Slovensku<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Radim Tolasz:<\/em> Meteorologie a klimatologie tvo\u0159\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9m hydrometeorologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu ned\u011bliteln\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Josef Hladn\u00fd:<\/em> V\u00fdvojov\u00e9 trendy \u010desk\u00e9 hydrologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Jan Macoun:<\/em> Historie, sou\u010dasnost a perspektivy ochrany \u010distoty ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9m hydrometeorologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd \u2013 Lubo\u0161 N\u011bmec:<\/em> Pobo\u010dky \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka:<\/em> 50. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky\u00a090 let \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby a\u00a0Rozhovor s \u0159editelem \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Ing. Ivanem Obrusn\u00edkem, DrSc. z tohoto \u010d\u00edsla jsou uvedeny na samostatn\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>MZ 2009\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 62, str. 129\u2013164<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1535415 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1535415\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-824463a\" data-id=\"824463a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c94104b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c94104b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"213\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0001-300x213.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9047\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0001-300x213.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0001-768x546.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0001.jpg 956w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eab5e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0eab5e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cena \u201eSoecial Achievments in GIS\u201c pro Atlas podneb\u00ed \u010ceska<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-055a938 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"055a938\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Otcov\u00e9 na\u0161ich otc\u016f a d\u011bdov\u00e9 na\u0161ich d\u011bd\u016f jezd\u00edvali do Ameriky za prac\u00ed a na zku\u0161enou. Cestovat v\u0161ak do Ameriky pro ocen\u011bn\u00ed za pr\u00e1ci je ur\u010dit\u011b p\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Jsem r\u00e1d, \u017ee jsem mohl v USA zastupovat rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd t\u00fdm odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se pod\u00edleli na p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b Atlasu podneb\u00ed \u010ceska a p\u0159evz\u00edt Special Achievement in GIS na u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 konferenci ESRI User Conference 2008.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Atlas podneb\u00ed \u010ceska [1] vydal v roce 2007 \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v koedici s Univerzitou Palack\u00e9ho Olomouc. V\u00fdsledek se nerodil zcela snadno a v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 klimatolog\u016f, kartograf\u016f, grafik\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch specialist\u016f v\u011bnovalo jeho p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b od roku 2003 hodn\u011b \u010dasu i nerv\u016f. A m\u00e1lokdo si uv\u011bdomuje, \u017ee bez desetilet\u00ed trvaj\u00edc\u00edch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch klimatologick\u00fdch prvk\u016f na stovk\u00e1ch m\u00edst bychom \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd Atlas vytvo\u0159it nemohli. Tis\u00edce dobrovoln\u00fdch pozorovatel\u016f a stovky profesion\u00e1l\u016f se za zpracov\u00e1van\u00e9 obdob\u00ed 1961\u20132000 vyst\u0159\u00eddalo na sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fdch, klimatologick\u00fdch i profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch stanic\u00edch, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd den, ka\u017edou hodinu, ale i ka\u017edou minutu v\u011bnovali svou pozornost projev\u016fm po\u010das\u00ed a z\u00e1znam\u016fm r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f. Bez jejich pr\u00e1ce by Atlas nebyl. Ohromn\u00fd pokrok ve zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat za posledn\u00edch deset, patn\u00e1ct let n\u00e1m rovn\u011b\u017e usnadnil pr\u00e1ci. V \u010desk\u00e9 klimatologii m\u00e1me u\u017e od roku 2000 k dispozici klimatologickou datab\u00e1zovou aplikaci CLIDATA [2], jej\u00ed\u017e sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je i aplikace pro geografick\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat navr\u017een\u00e1 s vyu\u017eit\u00edm software ESRI (CLIDATA-GIS). Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b jsme tak z\u00edskali n\u00e1stroj pro \u201esnadn\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch produkt\u016f (v\u010detn\u011b map), ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 n\u00e1m je umo\u017en\u011bno se na klimatologick\u00e1 data pod\u00edvat jin\u00fdm pohledem, kter\u00fd ukazuje nov\u00e9 souvislosti. Postupn\u011b i v klimatologii p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00edme od sledov\u00e1n\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edch chod\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch pr\u016fm\u011br\u016f a \u00fahrn\u016f k objevov\u00e1n\u00ed denn\u00edch chod\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b hodinov\u00fdch, patn\u00e1ctiminutov\u00fdch i minutov\u00fdch dat. Pokrok od tu\u017eky, pap\u00edru a kalkula\u010dky k datab\u00e1z\u00edm a \u201egisovsk\u00e9mu\u201c zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat je obrovskou v\u00fdzvou. I Atlas podneb\u00ed je odpov\u011bd\u00ed klimatolog\u016f na tuto v\u00fdzvu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Atlasu se objevily i kritick\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednky k\u00a0jeho obsahu nebo k jeho form\u00e1ln\u00edmu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nebylo jich m\u00e1lo. Pokud budu je\u0161t\u011b jednou d\u011blat Atlas, pokus\u00edm se k\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdm p\u0159ipom\u00ednk\u00e1m p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eet. N\u011bkter\u00e9 skute\u010dnosti jsou v\u0161ak mimo dosah klimatologa. Nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou k Atlasu toti\u017e je nezve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed datov\u00fdch tabulek, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00fdch byl Atlas vytvo\u0159en. Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch kritik\u016f m\u011bla b\u00fdt data sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Atlasu. Rovn\u011b\u017e zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed map v n\u011bkter\u00e9m ze standardn\u00edch GIS form\u00e1t\u016f by odborn\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost jist\u011b uv\u00edtala. Bohu\u017eel, ekonomick\u00e9 postaven\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu n\u00e1s nut\u00ed chovat se jinak. To je objektivn\u00ed realita a Atlas je tak ur\u010den hlavn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti, \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm, student\u016fm a nad\u0161enc\u016fm. Odborn\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost pot\u0159ebuje jin\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy z na\u0161\u00ed klimatologick\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze, ne\u017e je \u201epouh\u00e1\u201c kniha.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159esto se Atlas dostal do \u0161irok\u00e9ho pov\u011bdom\u00ed nejen v \u010cesku, ale i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Atlas si objednalo mnoho univerzitn\u00edch pracovi\u0161\u0165 z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, r\u016fzn\u00e9 specializovan\u00e9 knihovny, a po n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u00e1ch v \u010cHM\u00da si ho odv\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 meteorologick\u00fdch a hydrologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. \u010cesk\u00e1 klimatologie je dnes ve sv\u011bt\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00e1 a Atlas, spole\u010dn\u011b s aplikac\u00ed CLIDATA, k tomu jist\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1. Atlas se dostal do rukou i prezidentu firmy ESRI, kter\u00fd takto komplexn\u00ed mapov\u00e9 d\u00edlo ocenil nejen v osobn\u00edch rozhovorech s p\u0159edstavitel\u016f firmy ArcData Praha, ale i osobn\u00edm dopisem \u0159editeli \u010cHM\u00da. P\u0159esto jsem byl p\u0159ekvapen jeho pozv\u00e1n\u00edm na u\u017eivatelskou konferenci, kter\u00e1 prob\u011bhla v americk\u00e9m San Diegu. Dne 6. srpna 2008 jsem v zastoupen\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho kolektivu p\u0159evzal z jeho rukou spole\u010dn\u011b s \u0159editelem ArcData \u201eSpecial Achievement in GIS\u201c (obr. 1). M\u011bl jsem mo\u017enost na t\u00e9to u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 konferenci vid\u011bt hodn\u011b skv\u011bl\u00fdch kartografick\u00fdch d\u011bl z r\u016fzn\u00fdch oboru, oblast\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho kon\u00e1n\u00ed i z r\u016fzn\u00fdch kout\u016f Sv\u011bta. Ur\u010dit\u011b bych pro toto v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ocen\u011bn\u00ed na\u0161el jin\u00e9 adepty. Neskromn\u011b v\u0161ak mus\u00edm konstatovat, \u017ee se Atlas v t\u00e9to konkurenci neztratil. D\u00edk a tato cena pat\u0159\u00ed v\u0161em, kdo se na vzniku Atlasu jakkoliv pod\u00edleli.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">U\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 ESRI konference je obrovsk\u00e1 akce. Podle \u00fadaj\u016f organiz\u00e1tor\u016f se letos z\u00fa\u010dastnilo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 14 000 u\u017eivatel\u016f. Je m\u00e1lo m\u00edst na sv\u011bt\u011b, kde lze zajistit dostate\u010dnou konferen\u010dn\u00ed kapacitu pro akce takov\u00e9ho rozsahu. San Diego Convention Center t\u00edmto m\u00edstem je (obr. 2). V\u00fdstavn\u00ed, p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9, diskusn\u00ed i stravovac\u00ed kapacity jsou natolik rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9, \u017ee akce p\u016fsob\u00ed mnohem men\u0161\u00edm, skoro bych \u0159ekl rodinn\u00fdm dojmem. Z\u00e1jemci o GIS v energetice se nemus\u00ed, ale mohou, potkat s odborn\u00edky na lesn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, klimatolog s politiky. Ka\u017ed\u00fd si najde uplatn\u011bn\u00ed pro sv\u016fj z\u00e1jem a v\u0161echny z\u00e1jmy zast\u0159e\u0161uje GIS. Na t\u00e9to konferenci a v posledn\u00edch letech i v odborn\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. San Diego jist\u011b stoj\u00ed za n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">(Ps\u00e1no spole\u010dn\u011b pro Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy a ArcReview.)<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Literatura<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[1] TOLASZ, R. (ed.), 2007. Atlas podneb\u00ed \u010ceska. 1. vyd. Praha \u2013 Olomouc: \u010cHM\u00da, Univerzita Palack\u00e9ho. 256 s. ISBN 978-80-86690-26-1.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[2] TOLASZ, R., 2008. Datab\u00e1zov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed klimatologick\u00fdch dat. 1. vyd. Praha: \u010cHM\u00da. 68 s. Sborn\u00edk prac\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da, sv. 52. ISBN 978-80-86690-50-6.<\/p><p>Obr. 1 P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ceny. Zleva P. Seidl, prezident ESRI J. Dangermand, R. Tolasz.<\/p><p>Obr. 2 Konferen\u010dn\u00ed centrum<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radim Tolasz, MZ 2008\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 61, str. 157\u2013158<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0bec03d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0bec03d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-31ea05f\" data-id=\"31ea05f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5ec471 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b5ec471\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"468\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/San-Diego-1024x468.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9046\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/San-Diego-1024x468.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/San-Diego-300x137.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/San-Diego-768x351.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/San-Diego.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-01cbc54 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"01cbc54\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47e93f9\" data-id=\"47e93f9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-395d7af elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"395d7af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"186\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/cena-300x186.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9048\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/cena-300x186.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/cena-768x475.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/cena.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73a79a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"73a79a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cena Josefa Hl\u00e1vky za rok 2007: Fyzika oblak\u016f a sr\u00e1\u017eek<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-035f949 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"035f949\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Na z\u00e1mku v Lu\u017eanech ud\u011blil \u010cesk\u00fd liter\u00e1rn\u00ed fond Cenu Josefa Hl\u00e1vky za rok 2007 v oblasti v\u011bd o ne\u017eiv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b knize Fyzika oblak\u016f a sr\u00e1\u017eek (viz recenze J. Bedn\u00e1\u0159e v MZ \u010d. 3\/2008, s. 94\u201395). Redakce Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v blahop\u0159eje autor\u016fm Daniele \u0158ez\u00e1\u010dov\u00e9, Marku Ka\u0161parovi (Ustav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR), Petru Nov\u00e1kovi a Martinu Setv\u00e1kovi (\u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav) k tomuto v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu v\u011bdeck\u00e9mu a spole\u010densk\u00e9mu ocen\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Foto: Z\u00e1mek Lu\u017eany, 23. 6. 2008, slavnostn\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ceny Josefa Hl\u00e1vky, v pop\u0159ed\u00ed zleva: Petr Nov\u00e1k, Marek Ka\u0161par, Daniela \u0158ez\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1, Martin Setv\u00e1k. Foto R. Tolasz.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 2008\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 61, str. 112<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-578e9e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"578e9e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fb86b30\" data-id=\"fb86b30\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c6289c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4c6289c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-481823f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"481823f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Konvek\u010dn\u00ed i konvektivn\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e6e185 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e6e185\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Od 1. \u010d\u00edsla Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v v roce 2008 bude term\u00edn konvek\u010dn\u00ed a konvektivn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00e9m postaven\u00ed. V jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1vc\u00edch v\u0161ak mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dikce jednotn\u00e1, tj. bu\u010f konvek\u010dn\u00ed nebo konvektivn\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Redakce, MZ 2007\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 60, str. 197<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-591ef34 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"591ef34\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5930e20\" data-id=\"5930e20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d234ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d234ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"193\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0034-300x193.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9052\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0034-300x193.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0034-768x494.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0034.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f31e17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8f31e17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Atlas podneb\u00ed \u010ceska u prezidenta<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79d50f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79d50f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, \u0159editel Ivan Obrusn\u00edk a n\u00e1m\u011bstek pro meteorologii a klimatologii Radim Tolasz, p\u0159edali dne 29. b\u0159ezna 2007 prezidentu republiky V\u00e1clavu Klausovi Atlas podneb\u00ed \u010ceska. Tato publikace navazuje na Atlas podneb\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republiky (1958) a dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edla, tj. na Podneb\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republiky. Tabulky (1961), obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed podkladov\u00fd materi\u00e1l ke v\u0161em map\u00e1m publikovan\u00fdm v Atlase i dal\u0161\u00ed prvky a statistick\u00e9 hodnoty, i na publikaci Podneb\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republiky \u2013 Souborn\u00e1 studie (1969), kter\u00e1 syntetizovala poznatky o klimatick\u00fdch pom\u011brech st\u00e1tu v\u00a0dob\u011b vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. Jestli\u017ee p\u0159edchoz\u00ed studie shrnovaly data a \u00fadaje za obdob\u00ed do roku 1960 (v\u011bt\u0161inou referen\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed 1901\u20131950, 1901\u20131960, 1931\u20131960), pak sou\u010dasn\u00fd Atlas zahrnuje pozn\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u011bs z obdob\u00ed 1961\u20132000 a ve form\u011b koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f a mapov\u00e9ho i grafick\u00e9ho vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed je prezentuje. Tato speci\u00e1ln\u00ed encyklopedick\u00e1 publikace by m\u011bla relevantn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem odr\u00e1\u017eet prom\u011bnlivost a dynamiku v\u00fdvoje podneb\u00ed na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed podle znalost\u00ed dostupn\u00fdch na po\u010d\u00e1tku 21. stolet\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Podle dojmu Radima Tolasze ze \u010dty\u0159icetiminutov\u00e9 audience se Atlas panu prezidentovi patrn\u011b l\u00edbil, o \u010dem\u017e sv\u011bd\u010dilo i jeho konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee si ho prostuduje.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Foto: P\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 \u010cHM\u00da na Hrad\u011b, zleva Radim Tolasz, prezident V\u00e1clav Klaus a Ivan Obrusn\u00edk. Foto M. Krumphanzl, \u010cTK.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 2007\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 1960, str. 42<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-35c32a7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"35c32a7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ea3063d\" data-id=\"ea3063d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6ba79a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b6ba79a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vych\u00e1z\u00ed Atlas podneb\u00ed \u010ceska<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e5396a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8e5396a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/P1200536-242x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9056\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/P1200536-242x300.jpg 242w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/P1200536-825x1024.jpg 825w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/P1200536-768x953.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/P1200536.jpg 967w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 242px) 100vw, 242px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff86e58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff86e58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Hled\u00e1te m\u00edsto s nejdel\u0161\u00edm slune\u010dn\u00edm svitem? Zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00e1s kolik tropick\u00fdch dn\u016f m\u016f\u017eete ro\u010dn\u011b \u010dekat ve va\u0161em m\u011bst\u011b? Pot\u0159ebujete v\u011bd\u011bt, jak \u010dasto u v\u00e1s pr\u0161\u00ed? Odpov\u011b\u010f na tyto a dal\u0161\u00ed podobn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky d\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed Atlas podneb\u00ed \u010ceska.<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Atlas je podobn\u00fd encyklopedii a pat\u0159\u00ed k nejkomplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm publikac\u00edm o klimatu \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Na 260 stran\u00e1ch najdete v\u00edce ne\u017e 300 map, 150 graf\u016f a mno\u017estv\u00ed n\u00e1zorn\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed s vysv\u011btluj\u00edc\u00edm textov\u00fdm doprovodem v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b i angli\u010dtin\u011b. Kapitoly jsou p\u0159ehledn\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 podle jednotliv\u00fdch prvk\u016f, nap\u0159. teploty, sr\u00e1\u017eek, sn\u011bhu, vlhkosti, slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu nebo v\u011btru, a obsahuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou mapy za obdob\u00ed let 1961\u20132000. Dlouhodob\u00fd pohled je dopln\u011bn zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm vybran\u00fdch v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch situac\u00ed v uplynul\u00e9m obdob\u00ed, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed i povodn\u011b z posledn\u00edho desetilet\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed charakteristik u\u017e netrp\u011bliv\u011b \u010dekaj\u00ed nejen meteorologov\u00e9 a klimatologov\u00e9, ale tak\u00e9 experti z obor\u016f v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b spjat\u00fdch s podneb\u00edm a z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na rozmarech po\u010das\u00ed \u2013 nap\u0159. zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, stavebnictv\u00ed, dopravy, \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo t\u0159eba poji\u0161\u0165ovnictv\u00ed. Mezi t\u011bmi, kdo maj\u00ed publikaci u\u017e n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f objednanou, jsou ale tak\u00e9 laici, kte\u0159\u00ed pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s extr\u00e9my po\u010das\u00ed, cht\u011bj\u00ed m\u00edt po ruce dlouhodob\u00e9 hodnoty klimatick\u00fdch prvk\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159\u00edprava knihy trvala v\u00edce ne\u017e pades\u00e1ti\u010dlenn\u00e9mu autorsk\u00e9mu t\u00fdmu \u010dty\u0159i roky a objevuje se t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 po 50 letech od vyd\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edchoz\u00ed podobn\u00e9 publikace. Tentokr\u00e1t ale p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch map nahradily tu\u017eku a pap\u00edr po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a geografick\u00fd informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd znaj\u00ed nap\u0159. dne\u0161n\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 GPS. Publikaci vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Univerzitou Palack\u00e9ho v\u00a0Olomouci. Na p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b se pod\u00edlel tak\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed klimatick\u00fd program \u010cR a projekt podpo\u0159ilo i Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR. Prodejn\u00ed cena p\u0159i osobn\u00edm odb\u011bru 700,- K\u010d.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>MZ 2007\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 60<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-137b367 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"137b367\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f9a7205\" data-id=\"f9a7205\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7a4007 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d7a4007\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"244\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0010-001-300x244.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9060\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0010-001-300x244.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0010-001-768x624.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/IMG_0010-001.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-434164d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"434164d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jak se zrodilo jm\u00e9no cyklony Kyrill<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-990b821 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"990b821\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed cyklon p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouhou tradici nem\u00e1. Tento zvyk se ujal b\u011bhem 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v Pacifiku, kde byly americkou meteorologickou slu\u017ebou pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1ny tajfuny, u n\u00e1s se v\u0161ak nevyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed. Pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tropick\u00fdch cyklon m\u00e1 od 50. let 20. stolet\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed charakter, bylo vytvo\u0159eno na z\u00e1klad\u011b podklad\u016f n\u00e1rodn\u00ed pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eby USA, ale zodpov\u00edd\u00e1 za n\u011bj Sv\u011btov\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 organizace.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V Evrop\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o zvyk o n\u011bco nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, postr\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed v\u0161ak punc oficiality. Za\u010dali s t\u00edm v 50. letech meteorologov\u00e9 na \u00dastavu meteorologie Svobodn\u00e9 univerzity v Berl\u00edn\u011b z iniciativy meteorolo\u017eky Karly Wege. Na rozd\u00edl od tropick\u00fdch cyklon pojmenov\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u0161echny tlakov\u00e9 \u00fatvary, tedy tlakov\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee i tlakov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161e, ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed v Evrop\u011b. Nen\u00ed bez zaj\u00edmavosti, \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u011b byly tlakov\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1ny \u017eensk\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny, zat\u00edmco tlakov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161e, v\u011bt\u0161inou spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0klidn\u00fdm a hezk\u00fdm po\u010das\u00edm, jm\u00e9ny mu\u017esk\u00fdmi. Toto rozd\u011blen\u00ed se n\u011bkter\u00fdm meteorolog\u016fm \u010di sp\u00ed\u0161e meteorolo\u017ek\u00e1m zd\u00e1lo b\u00fdt diskrimina\u010dn\u00edm, a tak se rozd\u011blen\u00ed mu\u017esk\u00fdch a \u017eensk\u00fdch jmen podle charakteru tlakov\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f od roku 1998 ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011blo sp\u00ed\u0161e region\u00e1ln\u00ed dosah, bylo zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sp\u00ed\u0161e v okol\u00ed Berl\u00edna, nicm\u00e9n\u011b v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b jeho popularita vzr\u016fst\u00e1 a jm\u00e9na v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch tlakov\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f se st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji objevuj\u00ed ve zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch velk\u00fdch medi\u00e1ln\u00edch agentur. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b j e nutn\u00e9 p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee tento zvyk nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu ze strany meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">od roku 2002 je pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tlakov\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no jako v\u00fdznamn\u00fd zdroj financ\u00ed pro udr\u017een\u00ed nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na meteorologick\u00e9 stanici Berlin-Dahlem, je\u017e zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e9 jevy od roku 1701 a kter\u00e1 m\u011bla p\u0159ej\u00edt z d\u016fvod\u016f rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdch \u0161krt\u016f na automatick\u00fd provoz s pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm omezen\u00fdm pouze na rann\u00ed sm\u011bnu. Po slo\u017een\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky v \u0159\u00e1du n\u011bkolika stovek eur, neboli \u201eadopci\u201c, m\u016f\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd po\u017e\u00e1dat o jm\u00e9no vybran\u00e9ho tlakov\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru. Takto se zrodilo ozna\u010den\u00ed Kyrill pro v\u00fdraznou tlakovou n\u00ed\u017ei, kter\u00e1 se b\u011bhem sv\u00e9 cesty z Atlantiku d\u00e1le prohloubila a sv\u00fdmi v\u011btrn\u00fdmi proudy ni\u010div\u011b zas\u00e1hla 18. a 19. ledna velkou \u010d\u00e1st Evropy. Nadja, Boris a Rumen p\u016fvodn\u011b zakoupili jm\u00e9no tlakov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161e jako origin\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1rek k 65. narozenin\u00e1m otce rodiny Kyrilla ji\u017e v roce 2006, ale s p\u0159echodem roku a zm\u011bnou zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mu\u017esk\u00fdch a \u017eensk\u00fdch jmen pro cyklony a anticyklony se uveden\u00e9 jm\u00e9no u\u017eilo pro cyklonu (viz obr\u00e1zek z dru\u017eice MSG), jej\u00ed\u017e jm\u00e9no od 18. ledna sklo\u0148ovala p\u016flka Evropy, i kdy\u017e p\u0159ed necel\u00fdmi deseti lety (1999) byla ni\u010div\u00e1 s\u00edla cykIony Lothar mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed (\u0161kody vy\u010d\u00edslen\u00e9 poji\u0161\u0165ovnami tehdy dos\u00e1hly 8,9 mld eur, zat\u00edmco u Kyrilla prozat\u00edm p\u0159es 1 mld eur). Na z\u00e1v\u011br p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me, \u017ee uveden\u00e9 jm\u00e9no se do \u010de\u0161tiny p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1 jako Cyril.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Milan \u0160\u00e1lek, MZ 2007\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 60, str. 32<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bac045f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bac045f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-11987fc\" data-id=\"11987fc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd60f2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cd60f2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2a98c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c2a98c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vych\u00e1z\u00edme barevn\u011b (Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy)<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d147f3b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d147f3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Kdy\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u0159ed \u0161edes\u00e1ti lety, 30. dubna 1947, spat\u0159ilo sv\u011btlo sv\u011bta prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo \u010dasopisu Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ozna\u010dil p\u0159ednosta St\u00e1tn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu dr. Alois Gregor jako hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvod vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve separ\u00e1tn\u011b vyd\u00e1van\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v. A tak prvn\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edky napl\u0148ovaly p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b p\u0159ehledy o pr\u016fb\u011bhu po\u010das\u00ed, tabulky s klimatick\u00fdmi \u00fadaji, informace o po\u010das\u00ed ur\u010den\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016fm apod. Postupem \u010dasu se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee toto zpravodajsk\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dasopisu pouze technicko-zprost\u0159edkovatelskou \u00farove\u0148. Proto byla zpravodajsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st vy\u010dlen\u011bna do samostatn\u011b vyd\u00e1van\u00fdch bulletin\u016f a v \u010dasopisu za\u010dal p\u0159eva\u017eovat obsah odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1rok\u016fm kladen\u00fdm na odborn\u00e9 \u010dasopisy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy pro\u0161ly za dobu sv\u00e9 existence celou \u0159adou provozn\u00edch peripeti\u00ed, nap\u0159. ro\u010dn\u00edk 1951 nevy\u0161el, proto\u017ee se nepoda\u0159ilo zajistit tisk\u00e1rnu a velk\u00e9 probl\u00e9my se zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00edm tisku byly i v 70. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u010casopis vych\u00e1zel v \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9m proveden\u00ed, proto\u017ee jin\u00e9 mo\u017enosti ani nebyly. Vliv technologick\u00e9ho pokroku na rozvoj barevn\u00e9ho tisku v\u0161ak zp\u016fsobil, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina grafick\u00fdch v\u00fdstup\u016f (grafy, mapy, fotodokumentace)je dnes vytv\u00e1\u0159ena v barevn\u00e9 podob\u011b. Prom\u011bna z barvy do \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9ho tisku je velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 a neobejde se \u010dasto bezv\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vypov\u00eddac\u00ed schopnosti. Proto jsme za\u0159adili v posledn\u00edch letech pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1zornost alespo\u0148 n\u011bkter\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky do barevn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edloh.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">D\u00edky pochopen\u00ed veden\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu proto, stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 \u010dasopisy, za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy vych\u00e1zet od leto\u0161n\u00edho roku barevn\u011b! Auto\u0159i si ji\u017e nemus\u00ed l\u00e1mat hlavu, jak vy\u0159e\u0161it odli\u0161en\u00ed \u010dar na slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch grafech nebo p\u0159ekonat \u00faskal\u00ed val\u00e9r\u016f barev na map\u00e1ch. A je\u0161t\u011b jedna p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va na konec: cena \u010dasopisu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v roce 2006 nezm\u011bn\u011bna.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Redakce, MZ 2006\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 59, str. 32<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eca383f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eca383f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f8b04c\" data-id=\"7f8b04c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-065f112 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"065f112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cbcdc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7cbcdc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">FENOLOGICK\u00dd ATLAS<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9d12e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9d12e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Coufal, L., Hou\u0161ka, V., Reitschl\u00e4ger, J. D., Valter, J., Vr\u00e1bl\u00edk, T. Praha: \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav 2004. 263 s.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Fenologii m\u016f\u017eeme definovat jako v\u011bdu o \u010dasov\u00e9m pr\u016fb\u011bhu periodicky se opakuj\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivotn\u00edch projev\u016f rostlin a \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f a o vazb\u00e1ch fenologick\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed ke st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch a p\u016fdn\u00edch podm\u00ednek ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed. (Bioklimatologick\u00fd slovn\u00edk terminologick\u00fd a explikativn\u00ed (Academia, Praha, 1980). Po pro\u010dten\u00ed Fenologick\u00e9ho atlasu jsem si tyto souvislosti znovu uv\u011bdomil, proto\u017ee jeho vyd\u00e1n\u00edm \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav (d\u00e1le jen \u010cHM\u00da) pr\u00e1v\u011b fenologii v\u00fdznamn\u011b pomohl. Jde o to, \u017ee se \u010das od \u010dasu objevuj\u00ed \u00favahy o tom, zda fenologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed maj\u00ed v\u00fdznam, zda je v\u016fbec prov\u00e1d\u011bt. Jist\u00e9 v\u0161ak je, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b, kdy se tak usilovn\u011b hled\u00e1 posouzen\u00ed dopad\u016f mo\u017en\u00e9 zm\u011bny klimatu, jsou feno- logick\u00e9 \u0159ady velmi pot\u0159ebn\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dovol\u00edm si p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee po\u010d\u00e1tky v\u011bdeck\u00e9 fenologie spadaj\u00ed do poloviny 18. stolet\u00ed a jsou spojeny se jm\u00e9ny jako Linn\u00e9, Kraft aj. Zdokonalen\u00ed fenologick\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed nastalo z\u00e1sluhou pra\u017esk\u00e9ho meteorologa a hv\u011bzd\u00e1\u0159e Fritsche (19. stolet\u00ed), kter\u00fd jako jeden z prvn\u00edch data odborn\u011b vyhodnocoval. Po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce byla fenologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republice organizov\u00e1na na \u0161irok\u00e9m celost\u00e1tn\u00edm z\u00e1klad\u011b V\u00fdzkumn\u00fdmi \u00fastavy zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi. Bohu\u017eel \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z fenologick\u00fdch stanic zalo\u017een\u00fdch ve dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed ji\u017e nepozoruje.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na rozvoji fenologie se v\u00fdznamn\u011b pod\u00edlel prof. ing. dr. V\u00e1clav Nov\u00e1k, DrSc., kter\u00fd organizoval s\u00ed\u0165 nov\u011b zakl\u00e1dan\u00fdch fenologick\u00fdch stanic ve dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Vypracoval pro fenologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eZ\u00e1sadn\u00ed pravidla\u201c a n\u00e1vrh jednotn\u00e9ho formul\u00e1\u0159e v\u00fdkazu fenologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed s dopl\u0148ky a \u00fapravami zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdmi v\u0161ak v\u00edce k \u00fa\u010del\u016fm zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdm ne\u017e botanick\u00fdm. \u201eP\u0159\u00edru\u010dka fenologick\u00e9ho pozorovatele\u201c byla v\u0161ak vyd\u00e1na a\u017e v roce 1956 a je nutn\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee p\u0159es zm\u011bny v metodik\u00e1ch fenologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed byla ur\u010dit\u00fdm z\u00e1kladem st\u00e1le. Ji\u017e tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee m\u011bla obrazovou \u010d\u00e1st, tvo\u0159enou v\u0161ak p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b perokresbami.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Fenologick\u00e9ho atlasu tak vypl\u0148uje chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed informace v \u010desk\u00e9 literatu\u0159e o fenologick\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch vybran\u00fdch druh\u016f rostlin, a je tak n\u00e1zornou pom\u016fckou pro fenologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed lesn\u00edch rostlin, ovocn\u00fdch d\u0159evin a poln\u00edch plodin. Perokresby a fotografie zachycuj\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 pozorovan\u00e9 fenof\u00e1ze: ra\u0161en\u00ed, prvn\u00ed listy, pln\u00e9 olist\u011bn\u00ed, butonizace, po\u010d\u00e1tek kveten\u00ed, konec kveten\u00ed, tvorba pupen\u016f, po\u010d\u00e1tek fruktifikace, \u017eloutnut\u00ed list\u00ed, opad list\u00ed a zralost plod\u016f. V Atlasu je uvedeno 45 druh\u016f lesn\u00edch rostlin, 16 druh\u016f poln\u00edch plodin a 13 druh\u016f ovocn\u00fdch plodin. Rozd\u011blen\u00ed na tyto t\u0159i skupiny odpov\u00edd\u00e1 platn\u00fdm metodick\u00fdm p\u0159edpis\u016fm, kdy \u010d. 10 je \u201eN\u00e1vod pro \u010dinnost fenologick\u00fdch stanic. Lesn\u00ed rostliny\u201c, p\u0159edpis \u010d. 2 \u201eN\u00e1vod pro \u010dinnost fenologick\u00fdch stanic. Poln\u00ed plodiny\u201c a p\u0159edpis \u010d. 3 \u201eN\u00e1vod pro \u010dinnost fenologick\u00fdch stanic. Ovocn\u00e9 d\u0159eviny\u201c. Po\u0159ad\u00ed v Atlasu a \u0159azen\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016fm neodpov\u00edd\u00e1, takt\u00e9\u017e nen\u00ed vysv\u011btleno, pro\u010d auto\u0159i v Atlasu m\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1zev z b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho ozna\u010den\u00ed ovocn\u00fdch d\u0159evin na ovocn\u00e9 plodiny.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Za \u00factyhodn\u00fd pova\u017euji po\u010det fotografi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Atlas p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed, je jich 492. A nen\u00ed jim tak\u0159ka co vytknout, kdy\u017e si uv\u011bdom\u00edme, \u017ee zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 jsou ty, kter\u00e9 pro\u0161ly n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdb\u011brem. Proto je nutn\u00e9 vyslovit uzn\u00e1n\u00ed autor\u016fm za mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b rozs\u00e1hlou a pe\u010dlivou pr\u00e1ci p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00edch podklad\u016f, kter\u00e9 ur\u010dit\u011b v ter\u00e9nu nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat jen jednou n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvou. U ka\u017ed\u00e9ho druhu je jedna \u010di v\u00edce perokreseb, celkem jich je 111. Jejich v\u00fdznam s ohledem na v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e9 fotografie je men\u0161\u00ed, dokonce v n\u011bkolika p\u0159\u00edpadech jde o perokresby nev\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e9, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b u p\u0161enice set\u00e9 a \u017eita set\u00e9ho. Nejen v t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech jde o duplicitu s daleko n\u00e1zorn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed fotografi\u00ed. Uveden\u00e9 perokresby v ji\u017e vzpomenut\u00e9 \u201eP\u0159\u00edru\u010dce&#8230;\u201c byly kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">T\u00edm, \u017ee \u010cHM\u00da Atlas prod\u00e1v\u00e1 i z\u00e1jemc\u016fm o fenologii, je mo\u017en\u00e9 sly\u0161et i jejich n\u00e1zory. T\u00edm, \u017ee \u0161lo o dopln\u011bn\u00ed metodick\u00fdch p\u0159edpis\u016f, nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u00edce roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it text k f\u00e1z\u00edm, kter\u00fd je v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00fd, ale lakonick\u00fd. Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed popisy ve vlastn\u00edch \u201eN\u00e1vodech.\u201c v\u0161ak ji\u017e z\u00e1jemci o fenologii nez\u00edskaj\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Obdobn\u00e9 je to i s p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou, \u017ee by bylo vhodn\u00e9 v popisech jednotliv\u00fdch druh\u016f uv\u00e9st z\u00e1kladn\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 fenologick\u00e9 informace o p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch druz\u00edch. Nap\u0159. l\u00edpa srd\u010dit\u00e1 ra\u0161\u00ed a rozkv\u00e9t\u00e1 o 14 dn\u00ed pozd\u011bji ne\u017e l\u00edpa velkolist\u00e1, hloh jednoblizn\u00fd rozkv\u00e9t\u00e1 o 6-10 dn\u016f pozd\u011bji ne\u017e hloh obecn\u00fd, sasanka hajn\u00ed rozkv\u00e9t\u00e1 o t\u00fdden d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e sasanka prysky\u0159n\u00edkovit\u00e1. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b bych souhlasil s n\u00e1zorem, \u017ee by bylo vhodn\u00e9 za\u0159adit p\u0159ehledn\u00fd fenologick\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159 uveden\u00fdch druh\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b z u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho pohledu, tedy pom\u016fcky pro pozorovatele, je Atlas m\u00e9n\u011b praktick\u00fd, ur\u010dit\u011b nen\u00ed nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro ter\u00e9nn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Fenologick\u00e9ho Atlasu je v\u00fdznamn\u00fd po\u010din \u010cHM\u00da, je to d\u00edlo reprezentativn\u00ed, velmi kvalitn\u011b proveden\u00e9. Auto\u0159i si za Atlas zaslou\u017e\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 uzn\u00e1n\u00ed ve v\u0161ech sm\u011brech. Jestli\u017ee se z oboru meteorologie objevilo v posledn\u00edch letech n\u011bkolik publikac\u00ed vznikl\u00fdch mimo \u010cHM\u00da, potom pr\u00e1v\u011b Atlas je v\u00edce ne\u017e srovnateln\u00fd a postavil i do budoucna pomyslnou la\u0165ku kvality velmi vysoko. Ur\u010dit\u011b nen\u00ed jen m\u00fdm p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edm, abychom podobn\u00fdch publikac\u00ed z \u201ed\u00edlny\u201c \u010cHM\u00da m\u011bli v\u00edce.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Jaroslav Ro\u017enovsk\u00fd, MZ 2005\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 58, str. 190-191<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5dd19f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b5dd19f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0bdad7d\" data-id=\"0bdad7d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-586cb31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"586cb31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3143969 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3143969\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">30 LET EVROPSK\u00c9HO CENTRA PRO ST\u0158EDN\u011aDOB\u00c9 P\u0158EDPOV\u011aDI (ECMWF)<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d5f7c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d5f7c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Meteorologov\u00e9 u\u017e p\u0159ed desetilet\u00edmi uzn\u00e1vali pot\u0159ebu \u00fazk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v 60. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed u\u017e byly zku\u0161enosti s numerick\u00fdmi kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdmi p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010fmi a klimatologick\u00fdmi simulacemi. Vznikala tu i snaha zab\u00fdvat se problematikou numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed tak\u00e9 ve st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9m rozsahu, kter\u00fd byl definov\u00e1n od 3. do 10. dne dop\u0159edu. V\u011bdeck\u00e9 a technick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 se objevovaly, byly zna\u010dn\u00e9, jen n\u011bkolik st\u00e1t\u016f m\u011blo s nimi dostatek zku\u0161enost\u00ed a bylo t\u0159eba je \u0159e\u0161it na z\u00e1klad\u011b mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce. V \u0159\u00edjnu 1967 rada ministr\u016f Evropsk\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed p\u0159ijala usnesen\u00ed realizovat program spole\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho a technick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, vedouc\u00ed k n\u00e1vrhu z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edho centra. Samotn\u00e1 konvence Evropsk\u00e9ho centra pro st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi (ECMWF) o jeho z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed byla podeps\u00e1na v \u0159\u00edjnu 1973 patn\u00e1cti evropsk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi a ve\u0161la v platnost 1. listopadu 1975. Toto datum je tak\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1no za datum vzniku ECMWF. V leto\u0161n\u00edm roce tak ECMWF oslavilo sv\u00e9 30. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Hlavn\u00edmi c\u00edli ECMWF se staly v\u00fdvoj dynamick\u00e9ho modelu atmosf\u00e9ry pro p\u0159\u00edpravu st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm numerick\u00fdch metod a p\u0159\u00edprava vstupn\u00edch dat pro tento model, denn\u00ed operativn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi na 10 dn\u016f dop\u0159edu, kter\u00e9 jsou ur\u010deny n\u00e1rodn\u00edm meteorologick\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m \u010dlensk\u00fdch a p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdch zem\u00ed, v\u011bdeck\u00fd a technick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum vedouc\u00ed ke zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a v\u00fdvoj v oblasti operativn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch a sezonn\u00edch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost se v\u011bnuje v\u00fdvoji produkt\u016f ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch jev\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">ECMWF tak\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u00ed sb\u011br a archivov\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch dat. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 kapacity ur\u010den\u00e9 sv\u00fdm \u010dlensk\u00fdm zem\u00edm pro jejich vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, prioritn\u011b na poli numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00edmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi c\u00edli jsou pomoc v realizaci program\u016f Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace, jako\u017e i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u0161kolen\u00ed pro odborn\u00edky meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb \u010dlensk\u00fdch a p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdch zem\u00ed na poli numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a umo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k proveden\u00fdm studi\u00edm a v\u00fdzkum\u016fm.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Operativn\u00ed st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi tohoto centra jsou vyd\u00e1v\u00e1ny od roku 1979. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku jedna p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f denn\u011b na 10 dn\u00ed dop\u0159edu byla vyd\u00e1v\u00e1na v p\u011bti dnech v t\u00fddnu a byla po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1na modelem s rozli\u0161en\u00edm 200 km. Ans\u00e1mblov\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi se za\u010daly po\u010d\u00edtat v roce 1992 a v roce 1998 i experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed sezonn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V sou\u010dasnosti m\u00e1 ECMWF celkem 18 \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed a 8 p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdch (cooperation agreement) zem\u00ed. D\u00e1le spolupracuje s WMO, EUMETSAT, Evropskou kosmickou agenturou (ESA) a n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edmi mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi organizacemi. \u010cesk\u00e9 republika se stala p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdm \u010dlenem 1. srpna 2001. To umo\u017enilo p\u0159\u00edstup \u010cHM\u00da k \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le kvalitn\u00edch podklad\u016f pro p\u0159\u00edpravu a tvorbu p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00fdch, v\u010detn\u011b podklad\u016f pro v\u00fdstra\u017enou slu\u017ebu. Novinkou pro meteorology byly zejm\u00e9na produkty tzv. syst\u00e9mu ans\u00e1mblov\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi, kter\u00e9 mohou ukazovat na mo\u017en\u00e9 rozd\u00edln\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e v\u00fdvoje pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed situace a tedy i po\u010das\u00ed a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159et pravd\u011bpodobnostn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ke 30. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00ed ECMWF byla vyd\u00e1na kniha Medium-Range Weather Prediction &#8211; the European Approach, kterou napsal jeho b\u00fdval\u00fd pracovn\u00edk Austin Woods. Tato \u010dtiv\u00e1 kniha popisuje zaj\u00edmav\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh vzniku ECMWF od prvn\u00edch p\u0159edstav jeho vzniku v politicky slo\u017eit\u00e9m obdob\u00ed v 60. letech v Evrop\u011b. Shrnuje politick\u00e9, v\u011bdeck\u00e9, technick\u00e9 a finan\u010dn\u00ed diskuse, kter\u00e9 vedly k jeho vzniku v Readingu, 60 km z\u00e1padn\u011b od Lond\u00fdna. Kniha popisuje v\u00fdvoj v jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dinnostech centra od anal\u00fdz a p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch model\u016f, vyu\u017eit\u00ed dru\u017eicov\u00fdch dat, p\u0159es v\u00fdvoj v oblasti superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f a telekomunikac\u00ed, a\u017e po komer\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti v meteorologii. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se sna\u017e\u00ed o nast\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdvoje v\u011bdy a technologie v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch letech.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Franti\u0161ek Sopko, MZ 2005\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 58, str. 183<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-260dcb6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"260dcb6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-328db6f\" data-id=\"328db6f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d54215 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5d54215\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Ambrozek_0-300x215.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9071\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Ambrozek_0-300x215.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Ambrozek_0.jpg 573w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaf7c18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aaf7c18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">N\u00c1V\u0160T\u011aVA MINISTRA \u017dIVOTN\u00cdHO PROST\u0158ED\u00cd A POSLANC\u016e PARLAMENTU \u010cR V \u010cHM\u00da<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-179e6bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"179e6bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">C\u00edlem n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00e9 19. \u010dervence 2005 bylo zjistit \u00farove\u0148 realizovan\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed v protipovod\u0148ov\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu s t\u0159\u00edlet\u00fdm odstupem po katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povodni v roce 2002. Ministr \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed L. Ambrozek i poslanci M. Kalousek a P. Severa potvrdili nutnost dal\u0161\u00ed modernizace technologick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u00fastavu tak, aby syst\u00e9m v\u010dasn\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f mohl komplexn\u011b fungovat.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 2005\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 58, str. 126<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a50729f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a50729f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a5f4d96\" data-id=\"a5f4d96\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eaa554 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0eaa554\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd0b5c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bd0b5c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Z\u0158\u00cdZEN\u00cd EVROPSK\u00c9 FENOLOGICK\u00c9 DATAB\u00c1ZE V R\u00c1MCI EVROPSK\u00c9 UNIE<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91d2663 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"91d2663\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Z iniciativy N\u011bmeck\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eby, ke kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i-pojily meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, Rakouska, Slovenska a \u0160v\u00fdcarska (n\u00e1vrh mus\u00ed podat nejm\u00e9n\u011b p\u011bt zem\u00ed) bylo zpracov\u00e1no p\u0159edepsan\u00e9 Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) spolu s technick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edlohami k v\u011bdeckotechnick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci (COST) s n\u00e1zvem Establishing a European Phenological Data Platform for Climatological Applications. Po projedn\u00e1n\u00ed v Technick\u00e9 komisi pro meteorologii byla akce schv\u00e1lena 3. \u0159\u00edjna 2003 na 156. zased\u00e1n\u00ed Komise vysok\u00fdch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f COST Evropsk\u00e9 unie pod \u010d\u00edslem COST, akce 725.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prvn\u00ed zased\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed komise (MC) COST, akce 725 \u201eZ\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 fenologick\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze pro klimatologick\u00e9 aplikace\u201c se konalo v Bruselu 5.-6. dubna 2004. MC je tvo\u0159ena ze z\u00e1stupc\u016f \u0159e\u0161itelsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Byli p\u0159\u00edtomni fenologov\u00e9, klimatologov\u00e9 a datab\u00e1zov\u00ed odborn\u00edci ze 14 zem\u00ed (\u010cR, D\u00e1nsko, Estonsko, Finsko, Francie, Holandsko, Irsko, Loty\u0161sko, Ma\u010farsko, N\u011bmecko, Norsko, Rakousko, Slovensko, \u0160v\u00fdcarsko), k akci se dosud p\u0159ihl\u00e1sily je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i zem\u011b (It\u00e1lie, Polsko, \u0160pan\u011blsko, Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie). Akce je p\u011btilet\u00e1, potrv\u00e1 tedy do roku 2009. Aktivita je vykon\u00e1v\u00e1na cestou pracovn\u00edch skupin (WG). Obsah pr\u00e1ce je z\u0159ejm\u00fd z jejich n\u00e1zv\u016f (WG1: Inventory of data and metadata, WG2: Guidelines for data selection, observations and archiving, WG3: Applications with phenological data).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zased\u00e1n\u00ed zah\u00e1jil a do voleb \u0159\u00eddil P. Nejedl\u00edk, v\u011bdeck\u00fd tajemn\u00edk COST pro meteorologii. P\u0159edsedaj\u00edc\u00ed informoval o mechanizmu, koordinaci a statutu COST, posl\u00e9ze byla p\u0159ijata procedur\u00e1ln\u00ed pravidla pro \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed komisi COST, akce 725. P\u0159edsedkyn\u00ed MC byla zvolena E. Koch, ZAMG V\u00edde\u0148, m\u00edstop\u0159edsedou A. van Vliet, Universita Wageningen, Holandsko, vedouc\u00edm prvn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed skupiny (WG) J. Nekov\u00e1\u0159, \u010cHM\u00da, t\u0159et\u00ed WG A. Menzel, Universita Mnichov. K veden\u00ed druh\u00e9 WG se na prvn\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00ed nikdo nep\u0159ihl\u00e1sil, a z\u016fstala otev\u0159ena i ot\u00e1zka um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze. Byl diskutov\u00e1n pracovn\u00ed pl\u00e1n pro realizaci COST, akce 725 (\u00fa\u010del, c\u00edle, metody organizace a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, distribuce \u00faloh, \u010dasov\u00fd pl\u00e1n). Druh\u00e9 zased\u00e1n\u00ed MC je pl\u00e1nov\u00e1no do Budape\u0161ti na \u0159\u00edjen 2004 spole\u010dn\u011b se z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00fdm jedn\u00e1n\u00edm COST, akce 719.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u010cesk\u00fd p\u0159edstavitel navrhl, aby se zased\u00e1n\u00ed v roce 2005 nebo v roce 2006 konalo v Praze a Doksanech.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pracovn\u00ed skupiny ve sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti budou na sebe navazovat, za\u010dne se operativn\u00ed inventurou dat a metadaty o fenologick\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00edch a stanic\u00edch v jednotliv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastnick\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Bude zpracov\u00e1n p\u0159ehled dosavadn\u00edch inventur dat na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159edchoz\u00edch dotazn\u00edk\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 fenologick\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b (EPN), Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch fenologick\u00fdch zahr\u00e1dek (IPG) a dokument\u016f N\u011bmeck\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eby (DWD), zpracovan\u00fdch p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti p\u0159echodu na \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed fenologick\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed (BBCH). D\u00e1le bude n\u00e1sledovat zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vod\u016f pro v\u00fdb\u011br fenologick\u00fdch dat pro evropskou datab\u00e1zi, pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a archivaci dat ve druh\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed skupin\u011b. Aplikace fenologick\u00fdch dat a jejich metody pro klimatologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely budou n\u00e1pln\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed pracovn\u00ed skupiny. Tyto metody jsou ji\u017e nyn\u00ed \u0161iroce aplikov\u00e1ny ve vyu\u017eit\u00ed fenologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed pro studium klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny. A to jak na semin\u00e1\u0159\u00edch n\u00e1rodn\u00edch bioklimatick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, tak i na kongresech Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed biometeorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (ICB) 1999 v Sydney, 2002 v Kansas City, kde je fenologie trvalou a v\u00fdznamnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed programu. Na 16. mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm kongresu ICB na podzim 2004 ve Vancouveru p\u0159ednese p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b MC E. Koch p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku o pr\u00e1ci COST, akce 725, na 17. kongresu ICB v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2005 v Garmisch-Partenkirchenu budou p\u0159\u00edtomni v\u0161ichni \u010dlenov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed komise, nebo\u0165 v tomto term\u00ednu se zde uskute\u010dn\u00ed i zased\u00e1n\u00ed akce.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jednou z v\u00fdhod v\u011bdeckotechnick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee cestovn\u00ed n\u00e1klady jsou hrazeny z rozpo\u010dtu Evropsk\u00e9 unie. Je tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017e\u00e1dat ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei o poskytnut\u00ed dotace na podporu vybran\u00e9ho programov\u00e9ho projektu v\u00fdzkumu a v\u00fdvoje v r\u00e1mci programu COST jak na investice k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed akce, tak i na neinvesti\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky, v\u010detn\u011b \u0161kolen\u00ed na programy GIS. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice m\u016f\u017ee dotace poskytovat Ministerstvo \u0161kolstv\u00ed z prost\u0159edk\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 unie. \u010cHM\u00da se ji\u017e pod\u00edlel na \u0159ad\u011b akc\u00ed v\u011bdeckotechnick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce a p\u0159ipravuje se n\u00e1vrh na novou akci s pracovn\u00edm n\u00e1zvem P\u016fdn\u00ed klima podporuj\u00edc\u00ed fenologii.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">K tomu bude vyu\u017eito \u00fa\u010dasti na kongresu ICB na podzim 2005 i pozv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed komise COST, akce 725 do \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky na ja\u0159e 2006.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Ji\u0159\u00ed Nekov\u00e1\u0159, MZ 2004\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 57, str. 77<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b3a9c5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b3a9c5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2c213fe\" data-id=\"2c213fe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ef3844 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0ef3844\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed4eb9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ed4eb9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">EUMETSAT \u2013 konference a podpis smlouvy o vstupu \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1ad575 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c1ad575\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve dnech 31. 5. a\u017e 4. 6. 2004 se v\u00a0Praze v\u00a0konferen\u010dn\u00edm centru hotelu Diplomat uskute\u010dnila konference <strong><em>The 2004 Eumetsat Meteorological Satellite Conference<\/em><\/strong>, o n\u00ed\u017e ji\u017e p\u0159edem informovaly Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy (2004, ro\u010dn\u00edk 57, \u010d. 1, str. 27). Tyto konference se doposud ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b konaly v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00e9m z\u00a0\u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f organizace EUMETSAT (podrobn\u011b k\u00a0t\u00e9to organizaci viz \u010dl\u00e1nek v\u011bnovan\u00fd MSG \u2013 Meteosatu druh\u00e9 generace \u2013 v\u00a0t\u00e9m\u017ee \u010d\u00edsle MZ, str. 15\u201320). Posledn\u00ed z\u00a0nich v\u00a0roce 2002 v\u00a0Irsk\u00e9m Dublinu a v\u00a0roce 2003 v\u00a0n\u011bmeck\u00e9m V\u00fdmaru. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika byla prvn\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u00a0dob\u011b zah\u00e1jen\u00ed konference je\u0161t\u011b nem\u011bla \u017e\u00e1dnou formu \u010dlenstv\u00ed v\u00a0organizaci EUMETSAT.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Hlavn\u00edmi t\u00e9maty konference byly sou\u010dasn\u00e9 a budouc\u00ed dru\u017eicov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a p\u0159\u00edstroje, chemismus atmosf\u00e9ry, MSG \u2013 prvn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky, nowcasting a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u00fdch bou\u0159\u00ed, monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed hydrologick\u00e9ho cyklu, asimilace dru\u017eicov\u00fdch dat, v\u00fduka a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed laborato\u0159e, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed oce\u00e1n\u016f a klimatologie oce\u00e1n\u016f a atmosf\u00e9ry. Konference se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo 236 \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b registrovan\u00fdch poslucha\u010d\u016f, co\u017e byla doposud nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed zaznamenan\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dast na t\u011bchto konferenc\u00edch. Konferen\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eby pro \u010cHM\u00da a pro EUMETSAT byly smluvn\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bny agenturou Guarant. Sborn\u00edky p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, CD s\u00a0p\u0159ednesen\u00fdmi p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kami (ve form\u00e1tu Power Point), program p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek a seznam \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f budou k\u00a0dispozici k\u00a0zap\u016fj\u010den\u00ed u \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f konference. Jako v\u0161echny odborn\u00e9 akce, i tato konference byla doprov\u00e1zena spole\u010densk\u00fdmi akcemi: \u201e<em>Icebreaker Coctail<\/em>\u201c se uskute\u010dnil prvn\u00ed den konference na \u017dof\u00edn\u011b, ve\u010de\u0159e VIP (na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele organizace EUMETSAT) druh\u00fd den v\u00a0restauraci <em>Pet\u0159\u00ednsk\u00e9 terasy<\/em>, a kone\u010dn\u011b hlavn\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e1 akce, \u201e<em>Gala Dinner<\/em>\u201c v\u00a0B\u0159evnovsk\u00e9m kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Krom\u011b samotn\u00e9 konference do\u0161lo ale i k\u00a0jin\u00e9, pro \u010cR a \u010cHM\u00da patrn\u011b daleko d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ud\u00e1losti, a sice k\u00a0<strong><em>podpisu smlouvy o p\u0159istoupen\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky k\u00a0organizaci EUMETSAT formou spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlenstv\u00ed<\/em><\/strong>. \u010cVR byla posledn\u00edm st\u00e1tem st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, kter\u00fd doposud nebyl ani pln\u00fdm, ani spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dlenem organizace EUMETSAT (podrobnosti k\u00a0form\u00e1m \u010dlenstv\u00ed viz MZ 2004, ro\u010dn\u00edk 57, \u010d. 1, str. 15\u201320). Za \u010ceskou republiku smlouvu podepsal ministr \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Liubor Ambrozek, za organizaci EUMETSAT jej\u00ed gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel, Dr. Tillmann Mohr. Smlouva nyn\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ratifikov\u00e1na parlamentem \u010cR, jednak koncilem organizace EUMETSAT. Po schv\u00e1len\u00ed ob\u011bma subjekty se \u010cR stane spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dlenem (n\u011bkdy t\u00e9\u017e nep\u0159esn\u011b ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako <em>p\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9 \u010dlenstv\u00ed<\/em>) organizace EUMETSAT <strong>k\u00a01. lednu 2005<\/strong>.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlenstv\u00ed<\/em> je p\u0159echodnou formou k\u00a0pln\u00e9mu \u010dlenstv\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e toto p\u0159echodn\u00e9 st\u00e1dium by nem\u011blo trvat d\u00e9le ne\u017e 5 let. \u010clensk\u00fd poplatek spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlena \u010din\u00ed 50 % sumy, kterou by doty\u010dn\u00fd st\u00e1t platil p\u0159i pln\u00e9m \u010dlenstv\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e z\u00e1klad t\u00e9to sumy se odv\u00edj\u00ed od aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hrub\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu. Suma poplatk\u016f, kterou spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed st\u00e1t zaplat\u00ed za celou dobu sv\u00e9ho spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlenstv\u00ed, se n\u00e1sledn\u011b ode\u010dte od vstupn\u00edho poplatku (\u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00edm trojn\u00e1sobek ro\u010dn\u00edho poplatku pln\u00e9ho \u010dlena), standardn\u011b hrazen\u00e9m p\u0159i vstupu formou pln\u00e9ho \u010dlenstv\u00ed. Spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlenstv\u00ed zaji\u0161\u0165uje pln\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0ve\u0161ker\u00fdm dat\u016fm, produkt\u016fm a slu\u017eb\u00e1m organizace EUMETSAT a z\u00e1rove\u0148 z\u00a0tohoto vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch povinnost\u00ed. Neumo\u017e\u0148uje v\u0161ak pod\u00edlet se na \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed organice a na p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed, d\u00e1le neumo\u017e\u0148uje n\u00e1rodn\u00edm firm\u00e1m spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edho st\u00e1tu uzav\u00edrat kontrakty s\u00a0organizace EUMETSAT a jeho ob\u010dan\u016fm zakazuje st\u00e1t se zam\u011bstnancem organice. Tyto jist\u00e9 restrikce jsou zcela zru\u0161eny a\u017e p\u0159i vstupu formou pln\u00e9ho \u010dlenstv\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Martin Setv\u00e1k, V\u011bstn\u00edk \u010cMeS 2004\/1, \u010derven 2004 (p\u0159ipraveno pro Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy)<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-163b357 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"163b357\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ee193ee\" data-id=\"ee193ee\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1677285 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1677285\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f20c27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f20c27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">OPERATIVN\u00cd HYDROLOGIE P\u0158ED VZNIKEM HYDROMETEOROLOGICK\u00c9HO \u00daSTAVU<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39cfa18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"39cfa18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V tomto roce slav\u00edme 50. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, kter\u00fd byl z\u0159\u00edzen vl\u00e1dn\u00edm na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm \u010d. 96 ze dne 27. 11. 1953 s \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed od 1. 1. 1954 jako \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fastav pro obory meteorologie, klimatologie a hydrologie. T\u00edm byly poprv\u00e9 v celost\u00e1tn\u00edm (\u010deskoslovensk\u00e9m) m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku v\u010dlen\u011bny do jedin\u00e9 instituce hydrologie a meteorologie jako dva obory bl\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011btem zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed i sv\u00fdm uplatn\u011bn\u00edm a vytvo\u0159eny lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady pro hodnocen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje interdisciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup [1]. Proto\u017ee \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v znaj\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b l\u00e9pe v\u00fdvoj meteorologick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, soust\u0159e\u010fujeme se na minulost jeho hydrologick\u00e9 slo\u017eky, jej\u00ed\u017e metodick\u00fd a v\u011bdeck\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos pro evropskou hydrologii byl pozoruhodn\u00fd. Historii hydrologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby na Slovensku se v\u011bnuje nov\u00e1 publikace I. Panenky a kol. [2].<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V \u010cech\u00e1ch organizovan\u00e1 hydrologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba zah\u00e1jila \u010dinnost v roce 1875, kdy\u017e v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm roce byla rozhodnut\u00edm \u010cesk\u00e9ho sn\u011bmu z\u0159\u00edzena Hydrografick\u00e1 komise pro Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 se dv\u011bma sekcemi &#8211; hydrometrickou a ombrografickou. Pat\u0159ila k nejstar\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e9ho druhu na sv\u011bt\u011b a stala se i p\u0159edlohou C. k. \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed hydrografick\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e p\u0159i Ministerstvu vnitra ve V\u00eddni zalo\u017een\u00e9 o 18 let pozd\u011bji, v roce 1893. Podle Organiza\u010dn\u00edho statutu hydrografick\u00e9 slu\u017eby v Rakousku z roku 1894 byla kancel\u00e1\u0159 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm org\u00e1nem s funkc\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed, metodickou, posudkovou a publika\u010dn\u00ed, zat\u00edmco hydrologick\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm, pr\u016fzkumem i p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017ebou se m\u011bla zab\u00fdvat hydrografick\u00e1 odd\u011blen\u00ed z\u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 p\u0159i stavebn\u00edch odborech zemsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f, v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch tedy v Praze (pro povod\u00ed Labe), Brn\u011b (pro povod\u00ed Moravy) a Opav\u011b (pro povod\u00ed Odry).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Uveden\u00fd model rozd\u011blen\u00ed hydrologick\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed byl zachov\u00e1n i po vzniku \u010ceskoslovenska, kdy \u00fakoly \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed hydrologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby p\u0159evzal od rakousk\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav hydrologick\u00fd z\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd 19. 12. 1919 a podl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed Ministerstvu ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prac\u00ed. Byl pov\u011b\u0159en v\u011bdeck\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem vod ovzdu\u0161n\u00fdch, povrchov\u00fdch a podzemn\u00edch, a po roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed sv\u00e9ho programu v roce 1930 zm\u011bnil n\u00e1zev na St\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u00fastavy hydrologick\u00fd a hydrotechnick\u00fd T. G. Masaryka (od 9. 1. 1951 V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd) [3]. Usm\u011br\u0148oval \u010dinnost hydrologick\u00fdch odd\u011blen\u00ed zemsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f a zpracov\u00e1val v\u00fdsledky jejich pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kraj\u016f nam\u00edsto zem\u00ed dne 1. 1. 1949 se b\u00fdval\u00e1 zemsk\u00e1 hydrografick\u00e1 odd\u011blen\u00ed v Praze a Brn\u011b zm\u011bnila v odd\u011blen\u00ed technick\u00fdch refer\u00e1t\u016f KNV. Vyhl\u00e1\u0161kou ministra stavebn\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu \u010d. 234 z 16. 8. 1952 byla v\u0161ak hydrologick\u00e1 a hydrografick\u00e1 slu\u017eba p\u0159esunuta z KNV do Vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho a investi\u010dn\u00edho st\u0159ediska, z\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho vyhl\u00e1\u0161kou t\u00e9ho\u017e ministra \u010d. 191 z 16. 7. 1952. St\u0159edisko s\u00eddl\u00edc\u00ed v Praze a s pobo\u010dkami v Brn\u011b a Ostrav\u011b m\u011blo \u0161irokou pracovn\u00ed n\u00e1pl\u0148, plnilo tak\u00e9 dvoj\u00ed \u00fakoly operativn\u00ed hydrologie: hydrologickou a hydrografickou slu\u017ebu zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed i dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed St\u00e1tn\u00edho vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu a vypracov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed podklad\u016f pro v\u0161echny vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 pot\u0159eby a d\u00e1le n\u00e1v\u011b\u0161tn\u00ed, p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed a hl\u00e1snou slu\u017ebu pro pot\u0159eby plavby, p\u0159i povodn\u00edch, odchodech ledu apod. Vznikem HM\u00da v roce 1954 se pracovi\u0161t\u011b operativn\u00ed hydrologie stala sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nov\u00e9ho \u00fastavu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Literatura<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[1] HLADN\u00dd, J. &#8211; RAK, J., 1984: V\u00fdznam vztahu meteorologie a hydrologie v \u010dinnosti hydrometeorologick\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f. Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 37, \u010d. 4, s.98-100.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[2] PANENKA, I. a kol., 2003: Obr\u00e1zky z novodobej historie hydrologickej slu\u017eby na Slovensku. 1. vyd. Bratislava: SHM\u00da. 128 s.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[3] V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd. Historie &#8211; sou\u010dasnost &#8211; perspektivy, 1990. Praha: V\u00daV v SZN. 120 s.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka, MZ 2004\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 57, str. 10<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e5fa47a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e5fa47a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e42322f\" data-id=\"e42322f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e947c96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e947c96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86e26bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"86e26bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Z\u00c1KLADY METEOROLOGIE A KLIMATOLOGIE PROFESORA STANISLAVA HANZL\u00cdKA VE TROJ\u00cdM VYD\u00c1N\u00cd<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f2bac4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0f2bac4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Letos jsme ji\u017e v tomto \u010dasopise p\u0159ipomenuli [4], \u017ee p\u0159ed 80 lety v \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 literatu\u0159e vy\u0161ly dv\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 publikace vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdch u\u010ditel\u016f, a to Z\u00e1klady zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 meteorologie a klimatologie Josefa Kopeck\u00e9ho a Stru\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1rys klimatologie a balnelogie Vladislava Mlad\u011bjovsk\u00e9ho. Zb\u00fdv\u00e1 tedy upozornit, \u017ee v t\u00e9m\u017e roce (1923) byla tak\u00e9 poprv\u00e9 vyd\u00e1na kn\u00ed\u017eka Z\u00e1klady meteorologie a klimatologie, titul dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd n\u011bkolika generac\u00edm student\u016f meteorologie, fyziky, geografie a dal\u0161\u00edch obor\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jej\u00ed autor, Stanislav Hanzl\u00edk (1878-1956), tehdy mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd profesor meteorologie a klimatologie na Univerzit\u011b Karlov\u011b, ji v\u0161ak nepsal jako studijn\u00ed rukov\u011b\u0165, i kdy\u017e z jeho p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek na \u0161kole pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vych\u00e1zela, ale jako ucelen\u00e9 pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed o po\u010das\u00ed a podneb\u00ed pro libovoln\u00e9ho zv\u00eddav\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00fd podobn\u00fd text v \u010desk\u00e9m jazyce zat\u00edm postr\u00e1dal. Kn\u00ed\u017eka m\u011bla b\u00fdt sou\u010dasn\u011b \u00favodem k jin\u00e9mu Hanzl\u00edkovu populariza\u010dn\u00edmu spisu Podneb\u00ed a \u010dlov\u011bk [2], prvn\u00edmu \u010desk\u00e9mu antropoklimatologick\u00e9mu d\u00edlu, kter\u00e9 sepsal na z\u00e1klad\u011b zahrani\u010dn\u00edch pramen\u016f i vlastn\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed, je\u017e z\u00edskal na cest\u00e1ch po zem\u00edch v r\u016fzn\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch p\u00e1smech. Z\u00e1klady meteorologie a klimatologie [3] se do\u010dkaly t\u0159\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, a v tom je z na\u0161eho meteorologick\u00e9ho p\u00edsemnictv\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010dil jen prvn\u00ed d\u00edl Fysick\u00e9ho zem\u011bpisu Franti\u0161ka Vit\u00e1ska [5], v\u011bnovan\u00fd atmosf\u00e9\u0159e a hydrosf\u00e9\u0159e, jen\u017e vy\u0161el ve \u010dty\u0159ech vyd\u00e1n\u00edch.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mezi prvn\u00edm a druh\u00fdm podstatn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm a p\u0159epracovan\u00fdm vyd\u00e1n\u00edm Hanzl\u00edkovy publikace uplynulo 24 rok\u016f, b\u011bhem nich\u017e nastal v meteorologii obrovsk\u00fd pokrok. Je z\u0159ejm\u00fd i z porovn\u00e1n\u00ed obou vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, z nich\u017e druh\u00e9 komplexnost\u00ed a rozsahem l\u00e1tky m\u00e1 u\u017e charakter vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 u\u010debnice. Vynik\u00e1 srozumitelnost\u00ed, svi\u017en\u00fdm pod\u00e1n\u00edm, \u010detn\u00fdmi obr\u00e1zky i p\u0159\u00edlohou, kterou tvo\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u011b fotografie oblak\u016f od Anton\u00edna Be\u010dv\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mezi druh\u00fdm a t\u0159et\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00edm byl mnohem men\u0161\u00ed \u010dasov\u00fd rozd\u00edl (9 rok\u016f), a proto t\u0159et\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zastihlo profesora Hanzl\u00edka v posledn\u00edm roce jeho \u017eivota, se od druh\u00e9ho jen m\u00e1lo li\u0161\u00ed. V roce 1956 byl ji\u017e nav\u00edc u n\u00e1s k dispozici i slovensk\u00fd p\u0159eklad prvn\u00edho d\u00edlu modern\u00ed u\u010debnice profesora Geografick\u00e9 fakulty Lomonosovy univerzity M. S. Averkijeva [1], po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd Mikul\u00e1\u0161em Kon\u010dekem. Hanzl\u00edkovu knihu v\u0161ak studenti pou\u017e\u00edvali i nad\u00e1le, zejm\u00e9na proto, \u017ee obsahovala klimatologii sv\u011btad\u00edl\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Sledovat v\u00fdvoj odborn\u00e9ho d\u00edla, kter\u00fd se t\u00e1hne n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00edmi, je v\u017edy zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, nebo\u0165 odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed pokroky v\u011bdy, my\u0161len\u00ed, n\u011bkdy i lidsk\u00e9 osudy a spole\u010densk\u00e9 pom\u011bry. Je patrn\u00fd i ze z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bt \u00favodu Hanzl\u00edkova titulu, kter\u00e9 nach\u00e1z\u00edme v 1. a 2. vyd\u00e1n\u00ed: \u201ePov\u011btrnostn\u00ed r\u00e1z ur\u010duje obyvatelnost a neobyvatelnost kraje; podnebn\u00ed r\u00e1z se projevuje rostlinn\u00fdm porostem, kter\u00fd zasahuje pln\u011b do agrokultury, brzd\u00ed nebo umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fd\u017eivu \u010dlov\u011bka a ud\u00e1v\u00e1 sm\u011brnice pro jeho podniky. Z t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f vysv\u00edt\u00e1, jak je slou\u010den \u010dlov\u011bk a jeho c\u00edle s po\u010das\u00edm a podneb\u00edm. Je ovl\u00e1dnouti a \u0159\u00edditi aspo\u0148 z\u010d\u00e1sti je dosud bl\u00e1hov\u00fdm lidsk\u00fdm snem; takov\u00e9 pokusy, o kter\u00fdch se n\u011bkdy do\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me, jsou bu\u010f d\u016fkazem lidsk\u00e9 nev\u011bdomosti nebo \u0161arlat\u00e1nstv\u00ed\u201c. Ve 3. vyd\u00e1n\u00ed z roku 1956 profesor Hanzl\u00edk posledn\u00ed souv\u011bt\u00ed \u201eJe ovl\u00e1dnout&#8230;\u201c vypustil. M\u016f\u017eeme se jen domn\u00edvat, \u017ee d\u016fvodem bylo, \u017ee star\u00fd p\u00e1n nabyl jin\u00e9ho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, anebo \u017ee v dob\u011b ofici\u00e1ln\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9ho hesla \u201ePoru\u010d\u00edme v\u011btru, de\u0161ti\u201c by uveden\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed mohlo p\u016fsobit zp\u00e1te\u010dnicky.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Literatura<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[1] AVERKIJEV, M. S., 1954. Meteorologia (p\u0159eklad z ru\u0161tiny). Praha: Na\u0161e vojsko. 490 s.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[2] HANZL\u00cdK, S., 1924. Podneb\u00ed a \u010dlov\u011bk. Praha: \u010cesk\u00e1 grafick\u00e1 unie. P\u0159\u00edroda a lid\u00e9, sv. 53. 171 s.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[3] HANZL\u00cdK, S., 1923, 1947, 1956. Z\u00e1klady meteorologie a klimatologie. 1. vyd. Praha: \u010cesk\u00e1 grafick\u00e1 unie. P\u0159\u00edroda a lid\u00e9, sv. 46. 127 s. 2. vyd. Praha: \u010cesk\u00e1 grafick\u00e1 unie. 253 s. + p\u0159\u00edl. 3. vyd. Praha: \u010cSAV. 321 s. + p\u0159\u00edl.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[4] KR\u0160KA, K., 2003. V\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed pokrok\u016f \u010desk\u00e9 bioklimatologie. Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 56, \u010d. 4, s. 112.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[5] VIT\u00c1SEK, F., 1934, 1948, 1953, 1956. Fysick\u00fd zem\u011bpis I. Ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a vodstvo. 1. vyd. Praha: Melantrich. 289 s. 2. vyd. Praha: Melantrich. 398 s. 3. vyd. Praha: Nakl. \u010cSAV. 488 s. 4. vyd. Praha: Nakl. \u010cSAV. 496 s.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka, MZ 2003\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 56, str. 191-192<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf2eda7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bf2eda7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-82893d0\" data-id=\"82893d0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8468239 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8468239\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-857b264 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"857b264\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd POKROK\u016e \u010cESK\u00c9 BIOKLIMATOLOGIE<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cd91d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cd91d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V tomto roce si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me 80. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed n\u011bkolika v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch po\u010din\u016f v \u010desk\u00e9, resp. \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 bioklimatologii, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed, jak se u n\u00e1s pom\u011brn\u011b brzy od vzniku samostatn\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu vzm\u00e1hala v\u011bda. V roce 1923 byla z\u00e1sluhou p\u0159ednosty Agrometeorologick\u00e9 a pedologick\u00e9 sekce Moravsk\u00e9ho zemsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho v Brn\u011b a honorovan\u00e9ho docenta Vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 v Brn\u011b, V\u00e1clava Nov\u00e1ka (1888-1967) a s p\u0159isp\u011bn\u00edm jin\u00fdch zemsk\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f vybudov\u00e1na celost\u00e1tn\u00ed fenologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba. Nen\u00ed pozoruhodn\u00e9 jen to, \u017ee pat\u0159ila k nejstar\u0161\u00edm v Evrop\u011b (star\u0161\u00ed byla snad jen v It\u00e1lii z roku 1922), ale \u017ee nebyla zam\u011b\u0159ena botanicky, n\u00fdbr\u017e k zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdm pot\u0159eb\u00e1m. P\u0159i\u010din\u011bn\u00edm V. Nov\u00e1ka a Josefa \u0160imka z brn\u011bnsk\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b byly vyd\u00e1ny prvn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 fenologick\u00e9 ro\u010denky nazvan\u00e9 \u201eFenologick\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na Morav\u011b a ve Slezsku v r. 1923 a 1924\u201c (Zpr\u00e1vy v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch, \u010d. 16, Praha 1926. 72 s.), jejich\u017e p\u0159\u00edlohou byly fenologick\u00e9 mapy. Mapy p\u0159\u00edchodu jara, po\u010d\u00e1tku jarn\u00edch poln\u00edch prac\u00ed a \u017eitn\u00fdch \u017en\u00ed sestaven\u00e9 na z\u00e1klad\u011b fenologick\u00fdch dat z roku 1923 (m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko 1 : 750 000), jsou prvn\u00ed mapov\u00e9 dokumenty sv\u00e9ho druhu u n\u00e1s a znamenaj\u00ed tedy za\u010d\u00e1tek na\u0161\u00ed fenokartografie.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159ed 80 lety byly vyd\u00e1ny tak\u00e9 dv\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 bioklimatologick\u00e9 publikace charakteru u\u010debnic, jak\u00e9 do t\u00e9 doby odborn\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost postr\u00e1dala. Autorem kn\u00ed\u017eky Z\u00e1klady zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 meteorologie a bioklimatologie (Publikace Ministerstva zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, ro\u010d. 1923, \u010d. 29, Praha 1923, 128 s.) byl Josef Kopeck\u00fd (1865-1935), profesor Vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho a lesn\u00edho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed v Praze, spisu Stru\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1rys klimatologie a balneologie (P\u0159\u00edru\u010dn\u00ed knihovna \u010dasopisu Praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159, sv. 1, Praha 1923, 164 s.) Vladislav Mlad\u011bjovsk\u00fd (1866-1935), profesor balneologie a klimatologie na Univerzit\u011b Karlov\u011b v Praze. \u00dakolem obou p\u0159\u00edru\u010dek, vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch zajist\u00e9 z p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek obou u\u010ditel\u016f, nebylo jen poskytnout texty jejich student\u016fm, n\u00fdbr\u017e obecn\u011b vzbudit z\u00e1jem o nov\u00e9 obory a uv\u00e9st do bioklimatologick\u00e9 problematiky zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 odborn\u00edky a praktick\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e p\u016fsobili v ter\u00e9nu.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka, MZ 2003\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 56, str. 112<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1adc076 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1adc076\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e5f02c9\" data-id=\"e5f02c9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ec5462 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3ec5462\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b7d32f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8b7d32f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">16. ZASED\u00c1N\u00cd RADY PROJEKTU LACE V PRAZE<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-206ed2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"206ed2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Zased\u00e1n\u00ed Rady LACE (modelov\u00e1n\u00ed pro omezen\u00e9 oblasti ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b) se konalo 27. a\u017e 28. b\u0159ezna v \u010cHM\u00da za \u00fa\u010dasti z\u00e1stupc\u016f veden\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb \u0161esti \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed (\u010cesko, Chorvatsko, Ma\u010farsko, Rakousko Slovensko, Slovinsko), partnersk\u00e9 francouzsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby a rovn\u011b\u017e \u010dlen\u016f odborn\u00e9ho veden\u00ed projektu. C\u00edlem pravideln\u00e9ho setk\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddil prezident projektu Dr. Gelo z Chorvatska, byla p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm konkretizace spolupr\u00e1ce odborn\u00edk\u016f \u0161esti zem\u00ed na dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdvoji a p\u0159i operativn\u00edm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed numerick\u00e9ho region\u00e1ln\u00edho modelu po\u010das\u00ed ALADIN.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vstup do roku 2003 znamen\u00e1 toti\u017e pro dal\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci v modelov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou zm\u011bnu, nebo\u0165 rokem 2002 skon\u010dilo spole\u010dn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed modelu pro v\u0161ech \u0161est \u010dlen\u016f na jednom superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010di NEC SX-4 v \u010cHM\u00da v Praze a po\u010d\u00ednaje rokem 2003 si budou operativn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed modelu zaji\u0161\u0165ovat \u010dlensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby na \u201esv\u00fdch\u201c superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch samy a spole\u010dn\u011b budou \u0159e\u0161eny jen d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho k\u00f3du a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj a v\u00fdzkum modelu ALADIN ve spolupr\u00e1ci s M\u00e9t\u00e9o France.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Rada schv\u00e1lila aktivity v posledn\u00edm roce prezentovan\u00e9 ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b z prvn\u00edho zased\u00e1n\u00ed \u0158\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho v\u00fdboru projektu, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje odborn\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed projektu a pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu. D\u00e1le byla projedn\u00e1na mo\u017enost vyu\u017eit\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9ho satelitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu RETIM 2000 pro ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pos\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed okrajov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek pro ALADIN z Toulouse do \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed LACE. Vyu\u017eit\u00ed syst\u00e9mu RETIM bude z\u0159ejm\u011b levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dosavadn\u00ed p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed dat pomoc\u00ed evropsk\u00e9ho komunika\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu RMDCN. Probl\u00e9mem v\u0161ak bude spolehlivost p\u0159enos\u016f dat RETIMem, a proto bude na z\u00e1klad\u011b usnesen\u00ed Rady prov\u011b\u0159ena \u010dleny LACE do za\u010d\u00e1tku \u010dervna 2003. Rada vyslechla informaci o projektu nov\u00e9ho modelu francouzsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby AROME s p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm 2,5 km (oproti ALADINu &#8211; 10 km). Jeho realizace do roku 2008 p\u0159inese nejen kompletn\u00ed zm\u011bny \u201efyziky\u201c modelu, ale i zna\u010dn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1rok\u016f na v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed kapacity. M\u00e9t\u00e9o France po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se spoluprac\u00ed zem\u00ed LACE na tomto nov\u00e9m projektu a podrobnosti p\u0159echodu z ALADINa na AROME budou dojedn\u00e1ny na speci\u00e1ln\u00edm semin\u00e1\u0159i 11. a 12. dubna v Praze.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Rada d\u00e1le schv\u00e1lila rozpo\u010det projektu LACE na rok 2002 i n\u00e1vrh rozpo\u010dtu na rok 2003. T\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b pr\u00e1ce bude soust\u0159ed\u011bno do t\u0159\u00ed pracovn\u00edch skupin pro dynamiku, fyziku a asimilaci dat a rovn\u011b\u017e schv\u00e1lila i n\u011bkter\u00e9 aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny v jejich person\u00e1ln\u00edm veden\u00ed. P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed zased\u00e1n\u00ed Rady se bude konat v lednu 2004 ve V\u00eddni.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Zased\u00e1n\u00ed RC LACE v Praze 27.-28. 3. 2003. Zleva D. Klaric (Chorvatsko), I. Obrusn\u00edk (\u010cHM\u00da), B. Gelo (Chorvatsko). Foto J. Jandou\u0161.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Ivan Obrusn\u00edk, MZ 2003\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 56, str. 63-64<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2563e9f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2563e9f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9ca8a66\" data-id=\"9ca8a66\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e1461e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3e1461e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eda15ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eda15ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povode\u0148 v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v srpnu 2002<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2056a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2056a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Koncem roku 1997 jsme vydali (\u010cHM\u00da) zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v s\u00a0tematikou povodn\u011b v\u00a0\u010dervenci 1997. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f povod\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eby jsme cht\u011bli uk\u00e1zat a vysv\u011btlit, jak k\u00a0tehdej\u0161\u00ed katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povodni do\u0161lo. \u010cl\u00e1nky v\u00a0tomto \u010d\u00edsle proto zachytily tuto v\u00fdznamnou ud\u00e1lost jak z\u00a0pohledu meteorolog\u016f a klimatolog\u016f, tak z\u00a0hlediska hydrolog\u016f. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 jsme cht\u011bli zhodnotit organizaci a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost na\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eby. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jsme se domn\u00edvali, \u017ee tato ud\u00e1lost byla tak mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1, \u017ee u\u017e nikdo z\u00a0n\u00e1s, \u010dlen\u016f veden\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu nebo meteorolog\u016f a hydrolog\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed b\u011bhem povodn\u011b slou\u017eili, nic takov\u00e9ho neza\u017eije. Proto jsme se sna\u017eili shrom\u00e1\u017edit ve\u0161ker\u00e9 informace zku\u0161enosti s\u00a0co nejmen\u0161\u00edm odstupem od katastrofick\u00e9 povodn\u011b, abychom je uchovali pro budouc\u00ed generace pro p\u0159\u00edpad, \u017ee se s\u00a0povodn\u00ed podobn\u00e9ho katastrofick\u00e9ho rozm\u011bru setkaj\u00ed. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee se n\u00e1m to tehdy vyd\u00e1n\u00edm specializovan\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla (MZ 1997\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 50) poda\u0159ilo. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b jsme se cht\u011bli z podrobn\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy p\u0159\u00ed\u010din povodn\u011b a fungov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eby pou\u010dit a u\u010dinit opat\u0159en\u00ed ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to slu\u017eby po odborn\u00e9 i organiza\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nce.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159\u00edroda si v\u0161ak s\u00a0n\u00e1mi zahr\u00e1la a nov\u00e1, a z\u0159ejm\u011b je\u0161t\u011b katastrof\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, povode\u0148 n\u00e1s postihla ji\u017e po p\u011bti letech a my sami jsme mohli prok\u00e1zat, jak jsme se z\u00a0p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed povodn\u011b v\u00a0roce 1997 pou\u010dili. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee celkov\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed bylo v\u00fdrazn\u00e9, a to nejen d\u00edky opat\u0159en\u00edm v\u00a0p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eb\u011b \u010cHM\u00da uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00fdm od roku 1997, ale tak\u00e9 d\u00edky jej\u00edmu d\u016fsledn\u00e9mu napojen\u00ed na nov\u011b vznikl\u00fd celost\u00e1tn\u00ed syst\u00e9m krizov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a integrovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu (IZS). Pln\u011b se osv\u011bd\u010dila nov\u00e1 organiza\u010dn\u00ed struktura P\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed a v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eby (PVS) \u010cHM\u00da, soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9 do \u0161esti region\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch center (RPP) na pobo\u010dk\u00e1ch propojen\u00fdch s\u00a0centr\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edm pracovi\u0161t\u011bm v\u00a0Praze.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159i srovn\u00e1n\u00ed povodn\u011b v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch v\u00a0srpnu 2002 s\u00a0povodn\u00ed v\u00a0roce 1997 nelze opomenout tato v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed fakta. Spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0americkou pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017ebou (NWS) v\u00a0posledn\u00edch \u010dty\u0159ech letech iniciovala n\u011bkolik zm\u011bn v\u00a0\u010dinnosti \u010cHM\u00da, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed propojen\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 a hydrologick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti PVS, d\u016fsledn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed radar\u016f, kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a tak\u00e9 po\u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data z\u00a0postupn\u011b automatizovan\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fdch a vodom\u011brn\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed apod. Zlep\u0161il se t\u00e9\u017e sb\u011br a p\u0159enosy dat po technick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce. PVS se tak\u00e9 v\u00edce op\u00edrala o kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed radarovou s\u00ed\u0165 \u2013 oproti roku 1997 byl v\u00a0provozu nov\u00fd radar v\u00a0Brdech, kter\u00fd ukazoval okam\u017eit\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017eky mnohem l\u00e9pe ne\u017e jeho \u201ep\u0159edch\u016fdce\u201c v\u00a0Praze-Libu\u0161i, pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 byly katastrofickou povodn\u00ed zasa\u017eeny tentokr\u00e1t. V\u00fdznamn\u00fd pokrok byl u\u010din\u011bn i v\u00a0numerick\u00e9m modelov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed, kde se p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f sr\u00e1\u017eek z\u00a0modelu ALADIN, po\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9ho na superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010di p\u0159\u00edmo v\u00a0\u010cHM\u00da Praze-Komo\u0159anech, stala z\u00e1kladem pro hydrologickou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f. Ta je postavena na vyu\u017eit\u00ed hydrologick\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017ekoodtokov\u00fdch model\u016f (kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m v\u00a0roce 1997 chyb\u011bly) pro hlavn\u00ed toky v\u00a0oblastech zasa\u017een\u00fdch povodn\u00ed. Sna\u017eili jsme se i co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prodlou\u017een\u00ed intervalu p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed. Krom\u011b modelu ALADIN jsme vyu\u017e\u00edvali i \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch model\u016f po\u010das\u00ed na dobu 3\u20135 dn\u00ed a pro dobu a\u017e do 8\u201310 dn\u016f jsme poprv\u00e9 rutinn\u011b vyu\u017eili i model z\u00a0Evropsk\u00e9ho centra pro st\u0159edn\u011bdobou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f v\u00a0Readingu (ECMWF), kter\u00fd slou\u017eil sp\u00ed\u0161e k\u00a0ur\u010den\u00ed trendu v\u00fdvoje po\u010das\u00ed \u2013 pro d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed krizov\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1b\u016f byly rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdstupy z\u00a0modelu ALADIN (av\u0161ak pouze do 48 hodin dop\u0159edu).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Srovn\u00e1me-li povodn\u011b z\u00a0roku 1997 a z\u00a0leto\u0161n\u00edho roku (2002) z\u00a0hlediska povod\u0148ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, pak mezi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed klady pat\u0159\u00ed dobr\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed napojen\u00ed PVS \u010cHM\u00da na syst\u00e9m krizov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a integrovan\u00fd z\u00e1chrann\u00fd syst\u00e9m (IZS) v\u00a0souladu se souborem nov\u00fdch krizov\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f platn\u00fdch od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2000. Hlavn\u00ed tok v\u00fdstrah, p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch informac\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159oval z\u00a0Centr\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho pracovi\u0161t\u011b \u010cHM\u00da (CPP) na opera\u010dn\u00ed a informa\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edisko (OPIS) gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editelstv\u00ed Hasi\u010dsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho sboru (HZS) v\u00a0Praze a odtud d\u00e1le na OPIS krajsk\u00fdch \u0159editelstv\u00ed HZS a pak d\u00e1le na okresy (OPIS IZS) a v\u00a0kone\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi k\u00a0obc\u00edm a jednotliv\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm. Region\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b (RPP) \u010cHM\u00da byly obdobn\u011b p\u0159\u00edmo spojeny s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi opera\u010dn\u00edmi a informa\u010dn\u00edmi st\u0159edisky na krajsk\u00fdch \u010di okresn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159adech. Paraleln\u011b prob\u00edhala i nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna informac\u00ed mezi PVS \u010cHM\u02c7U a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi dispe\u010dinky podnik\u016f Povod\u00ed, s.p. a pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 informace dost\u00e1valy i povod\u0148ov\u00e9 komise (PK). Ty v\u0161ak velice brzy, po vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed krizov\u00e9ho stavu, p\u0159e\u0161ly do p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch krizov\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1b\u016f (K\u0160), \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch na \u00farovni kraje hejtmany a na \u00farovni st\u00e1tu (\u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed krizov\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1b) ministrem vnitra. Nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m krizov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se p\u0159i tak velk\u00e9 katastrof\u011b uplatnil v\u00a0\u010cR poprv\u00e9 a d\u00e1 se jednozna\u010dn\u011b \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho informov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti zavedl \u010cHM\u00da prezentaci v\u0161ech upozorn\u011bn\u00ed, v\u00fdstrah a informac\u00ed na sv\u00e9 internetov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce v\u010detn\u011b prezentace aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch stav\u016f na vybran\u00fdch vodom\u011brn\u00fdch stanic\u00edch. D\u00e1le po dohod\u011b s\u00a0\u010cT zavedl zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00fdch stav\u016f pro stupn\u011b povod\u0148ov\u00e9 aktivity na teletextu a do vybran\u00fdch hl\u00e1sn\u00fdch profil\u016f instaloval stanice pod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed fonickou informaci aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu na telefonick\u00e9 zavol\u00e1n\u00ed (tzv. mluv\u00edc\u00ed stanice). V\u0161echna tato opat\u0159en\u00ed napomohla ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch funkc\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da i p\u0159i povodni v\u00a0srpnu 2002. \u010cinnost \u010cHM\u00da p\u0159i srpnov\u00e9 povodni, d\u016fsledn\u00e9 napojen\u00ed na syst\u00e9m krizov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a zejm\u00e9na dobr\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce meteorolog\u016f a hydrolog\u016f, maj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd ohlas i v\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Dobr\u00e1 byla i zku\u0161enost se zapojen\u00edm z\u00e1stupc\u016f \u010cHM\u00da do \u010dinnosti krizov\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1b\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00a0tomto \u010d\u00edsle MZ jsou shrnuty zku\u0161enosti ze srpnov\u00e9 povodn\u011b sp\u00ed\u0161e odborn\u00e9ho r\u00e1zu, ke kter\u00fdm se budeme st\u00e1le vracet i s\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm odstupem. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee po dokon\u010den\u00ed projektu Vyhodnocen\u00ed katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povodn\u011b v\u00a0srpnu 2002, schv\u00e1len\u00e9ho vl\u00e1dou, jist\u011b p\u0159ibude \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch informac\u00ed a poznatk\u016f jak z\u00a0meteorologick\u00e9, tak i hydrologick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 budeme moci vyu\u017e\u00edt pro praxi PVS. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak bude t\u0159eba vyhodnotit i druhou \u010d\u00e1st \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch situac\u00ed \u2013 napojen\u00ed na celost\u00e1tn\u00ed syst\u00e9m krizov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a spolupr\u00e1ci \u010cHM\u00da s\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi slo\u017ekami tohoto syst\u00e9mu. Podobn\u011b jako u odborn\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek PVS, i v\u00a0t\u00e9to spolupr\u00e1ci bude mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159adu \u010dinnost\u00ed zlep\u0161it. To v\u0161ak nic nem\u011bn\u00ed na tom, \u017ee mohu dne s\u00a0v\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru tohoto \u00favodu ke zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmu \u010d\u00edslu MZ konstatovat, \u017ee \u010cHM\u00da p\u0159i t\u00e9to extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zkou\u0161ce \u201eohn\u011bm\u201c jako celek obst\u00e1l, a proto bych r\u00e1d pod\u011bkoval nejen pracovn\u00edk\u016fm \u00fastavu, ale i dobrovoln\u00fdm pozorovatel\u016fm i pracovn\u00edk\u016fm spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edch organizac\u00ed, bez jejich\u017e p\u0159isp\u011bn\u00ed bychom srpnov\u00e9 pohrom\u011b \u010delili mnohem h\u016f\u0159e. Mysl\u00ed, \u017ee si to pln\u011b zaslou\u017e\u00ed.<\/p><p><em>Ing. Ivan Obrusn\u00edk, DrSc., \u0159editel \u010cHM\u00da, MZ 2002\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 55, str. 163\u2013165 (zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo MZ v\u011bnovan\u00e9 povodni v\u00a0srpnu 2002 a pam\u00e1tce zesnul\u00e9ho RNDr. Mari\u00e1na Woleka)<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b187041 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b187041\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aff5463\" data-id=\"aff5463\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-532320f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"532320f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bee2a94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bee2a94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ZLAT\u00c1 MEDAILE P\u0158\u00cdRODOV\u011aDECK\u00c9 FAKULTY UK Ing. JOSEFU HLADN\u00c9MU, CSc.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef7d670 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef7d670\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Za dlouholetou vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci v pedagogick\u00e9 a v\u011bdeckov\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti s geografickou sekc\u00ed ud\u011blila Karlova univerzita v Praze dne 23. kv\u011btna 2002 ing. Josefu Hladn\u00e9mu, CSc. z \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu zlatou medaili P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu slavnostn\u00edho aktu zd\u016fraznil d\u011bkan P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty UK osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos ing. Hladn\u00e9ho p\u0159i v\u00fduce mnoha des\u00edtek vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdch student\u016f v oborech aplikovan\u00e9 hydrologie a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ocenil i dal\u0161\u00ed kontakty, kter\u00e9 jmenovan\u00fd v pr\u016fb\u011bhu sv\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 kari\u00e9ry rozv\u00edjel v pedagogick\u00e9 sf\u00e9\u0159e s jin\u00fdmi \u0161kolami p\u0159i v\u00fdchov\u011b mlad\u00e9 generace hydrolog\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zh, MZ 2002\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 55, str. 95<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a78cbac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a78cbac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-80b5fad\" data-id=\"80b5fad\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7012a73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7012a73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f582be elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f582be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Opomenut\u00e1 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a61127 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a61127\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159i oslav\u00e1ch 80. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00ed St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho v Praze, uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fdch \u010cHM\u00da v roce 1999 na n\u011bkolika \u00farovn\u00edch, byla opomenuta \u0159ada d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed, je\u017e m\u011bla z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj nejen \u00fastavu, ale oboru meteorologie v\u016fbec. M\u00e1m na mysli rok 1959, kdy do are\u00e1lu z\u00e1mku v Praze-Komo\u0159anech byla p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bna synoptick\u00e1 a leteck\u00e1 slu\u017eba (SaLS), a rok 1969, kdy v Praze na Libu\u0161i na\u0161la \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b aerologie.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/opomenuta-vyroci\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e936328 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e936328\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d07f56\" data-id=\"3d07f56\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-769bc98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"769bc98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-746c579 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"746c579\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Z d\u011bjin \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26ac386 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"26ac386\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">I kdy\u017e v uplynul\u00e9m roce jsme v Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch ukon\u010dili po sedmi letech seri\u00e1l Kapitoly z d\u011bjin meteorologie v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na Slovensku, z\u016fstala v n\u011bm do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry stranou pozornosti historie vojensk\u00e9 meteorologie. D\u016fvodem bylo, \u017ee auto\u0159i nem\u011bli v dob\u011b zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dostatek v\u011bcn\u00fdch podklad\u016f, proto\u017ee faktografick\u00e9 informace se z t\u00e9to oblasti obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bji shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed. P\u0159esto se v\u0161ak poda\u0159ilo v pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b tato b\u00edl\u00e1 m\u00edsta odstranit, a proto m\u016f\u017eeme v tomto \u010d\u00edsle za\u010d\u00edt otiskovat mal\u00fd seri\u00e1l nazvan\u00fd Z d\u011bjin \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby. <\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/z-dejin-ceskoslovenske-vojenske-meteorologicke-sluzby\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-20ff76e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"20ff76e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-86a8e8b\" data-id=\"86a8e8b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3ef447 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e3ef447\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c658aac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c658aac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav ve V\u00eddni a \u010cesk\u00e9 zem\u011b (Ke 150. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed jeho zalo\u017een\u00ed.)<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c1ae2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c1ae2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V leto\u0161n\u00edm roce uplynulo 150 let od zalo\u017een\u00ed \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edho \u00fastavu pro meteorologii a zemsk\u00fd magnetismus ve V\u00eddni, kter\u00fd byl pozd\u011bji p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n na \u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fastav pro meteorologii a geodynamiku. I kdy\u017e p\u016fsobnost jubiluj\u00edc\u00edho \u00fastavu se v sou\u010dasnosti omezuje jen na \u00fazem\u00ed Rakouska, tedy sousedn\u00edho st\u00e1tu, je uveden\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed velmi v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 i pro n\u00e1s, proto\u017ee pat\u0159\u00ed do historie \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie. Je tomu tak z v\u00edce d\u016fvod\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/ustredni-meteorologicky-ustav-ve-vidni-a-ceske-zeme-ke-150-vyroci-jeho-zalozeni\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a0e09fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a0e09fe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53b9712\" data-id=\"53b9712\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5430c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b5430c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8029c26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8029c26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prezentace knihy D\u011bjiny meteorologie v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na Slovensku<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bb7d93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8bb7d93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00a0recep\u010dn\u00edch prostorech Karolina se dne 23. \u0159\u00edjna 2001 uskute\u010dnila prezentace knihy Karla Kr\u0161ky a Ferdinanda \u0160amaje D\u011bjiny meteorologie v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na Slovensku, kterou vydalo nakladatelstv\u00ed Karolinum s\u00a0finan\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159isp\u011bn\u00edm \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prezentace se krom\u011b autor\u016f a tv\u016frc\u016f pod\u00edlej\u00edc\u00edch se na vzniku publikace z\u00fa\u010dastnilo okolo sedmdes\u00e1ti host\u016f, zastupuj\u00edc\u00edch zejm\u00e9na akademickou obec, spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 instituce, arm\u00e1du \u010cR, \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav a sd\u011blovac\u00ed prost\u0159edky.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00a0\u00favodn\u00edm vystoupen\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159il \u0159editel Karolina PhDr. Jaroslav Jirsa osobn\u00ed uspokojen\u00ed nad t\u00edm, \u017ee tato monografick\u00e1 kn\u00ed\u017eka vy\u0161la pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0nakladatelstv\u00ed Univerzity Karlovy. V\u00a0hlavn\u00edm projevu, kter\u00fd je p\u0159ipojen, pouk\u00e1zal profesor RNDr. Jan Bedn\u00e1\u0159, CSc., vedou Katedry meteorologie a ochrany prost\u0159ed\u00ed MFF UK, na dlouholetou spolupr\u00e1ci mezi univerzitn\u00edmi pracovi\u0161ti a meteorologi\u00ed. Za zakladatele modern\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie je pr\u00e1vem pokl\u00e1d\u00e1n Anton\u00edn Strnad, mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd profesor a rektor pra\u017esk\u00e9 univerzity, kter\u00fd 1. ledna 1775 zah\u00e1jil pravideln\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch prvk\u016f v\u00a0Klementinu a \u0159ada m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed j\u00edm zapo\u010dat\u00e1 pokra\u010duje dodnes. Karlova univerzita vychovala celou \u0159adu v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed vedli a rozv\u00edjeli obor meteorologie a klimatologie. Tato spolupr\u00e1ce pokra\u010duje i v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00edch v\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00edm i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. \u0158editel \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Ing. Ivan Obrusn\u00edk, DrSc. P\u0159edal p\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti rektor\u00e1tu Univerzity Karlovy pam\u011btn\u00ed medaili Anton\u00edna Strnada, kterou p\u0159evzal prof. MUDr. Pavel Klener, DrSc., prorektor pro v\u011bdu a v\u00fdzkum. Medaile Anton\u00edna Strnada byla t\u00e9\u017e ud\u011blena doc. Dr. Ferdinandu \u0160amajovi, DrSc. K\u00a070. narozenin\u00e1m.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jak zd\u016fraznili v\u00a0kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch projevech auto\u0159i, idea vytvo\u0159en\u00ed knihy vznikla p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dtvrtstolet\u00edm, p\u016fvodn\u00ed auto\u0159i sv\u016fj z\u00e1m\u011br nedokon\u010dili, a tak se \u00fakolu ujala dvojice K + \u0160. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 tv\u016frci konstatovali, \u017ee bez knuty otiskov\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00ed verze \u201ed\u011bjin\u201c v\u00a0Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch (od roku 1994 do roku 2000) by mo\u017en\u00e1 i oni \u201eutekli z\u00a0boje\u201c. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed se tak nestalo, a tak se \u0161irok\u00e1 obec p\u0159\u00edznivc\u016f meteorologie v\u00a0\u010cesku i na Slovensku m\u016f\u017ee pr\u00e1vem t\u011b\u0161it na kr\u00e1sn\u011b vypravenou a odborn\u011b vysoce fundovanou knihu<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 2001\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 54, str. 191\u2013192<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-25907a7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"25907a7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a9ded76\" data-id=\"a9ded76\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb5927d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fb5927d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b568d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b568d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Projev profesora Bedn\u00e1\u0159e na prezentaci D\u011bjin meteorologie<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79a9a37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79a9a37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Va\u0161e Magnifiscence, pane prorektore, d\u00e1my a p\u00e1nov\u00e9, v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9, kolegov\u00e9,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">sch\u00e1z\u00edme se u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti prezentace kn\u00ed\u017eky D\u011bjiny meteorologie v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na Slovensku, kter\u00e1 vych\u00e1z\u00ed ve spolupr\u00e1ci nakladatelstv\u00ed Karolinum a \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu. V\u00a0t\u00e9to souvislosti bych cht\u011bl pron\u00e9st krati\u010dkou pozn\u00e1mku k\u00a0obecn\u00fdm d\u011bjin\u00e1m meteorologie jako v\u011bdn\u00edho oboru a o m\u00e1lo v\u00edce ne\u017e krati\u010dkou p\u0159ipom\u00ednku o spolupr\u00e1ci akademick\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry, jej\u00edm\u017e reprezentantem je Univerzita Karlova, s\u00a0institucemi praktick\u00e9 meteorologie, jejich reprezentativn\u00edm z\u00e1stupcem je \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u011bd se vyskytuj\u00ed dramatick\u00e9 zlomy, kter\u00e9 ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b radik\u00e1ln\u011b m\u011bnily my\u0161len\u00ed cel\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 civilizace. Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem mohou b\u00fdt \u010dasto zmi\u0148ovan\u00e1 t\u0159i velk\u00e1 poko\u0159en\u00ed novov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka:<\/p><ul><li class=\"rtejustify\">kopern\u00edkovsk\u00fd heliocentrick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, jen\u017e \u010dlov\u011bku uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee nen\u00ed st\u0159edem vesm\u00edru<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Darwinova v\u00fdvojov\u00e1 teorie \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159edstavou, \u017ee lidsk\u00fd t\u011blesn\u00fd \u017eivot se neli\u0161\u00ed od \u017eivota \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Freudova psychoanal\u00fdza p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bku, \u017ee nen\u00ed absolutn\u00edm p\u00e1nem ani sv\u00e9ho v\u011bdom\u00ed a podv\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jin\u00e9 okam\u017eiky v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch v\u011bd\u00e1ch sice neznamenaly tot\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny ve spole\u010densk\u00e9m my\u0161len\u00ed sv\u00e9 doby, ale p\u0159esto m\u011bly charakter tzv. zm\u011bny paradigmatu, p\u0159edstavovaly striktn\u00ed rozchod s\u00a0d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi teoriemi a v\u00fdraznou zm\u011bnu sm\u011bru na v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 cest\u011b ur\u010dit\u00e9ho v\u011bdn\u00edho oboru.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pokud v\u0161ak jde o meteorologii, dovol\u00edm si vyslovit n\u00e1zor, s\u00a0n\u00edm\u017e ov\u0161em nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b v\u0161ichni souhlasit, \u017ee jej\u00ed historick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj byl zat\u00edm sp\u00ed\u0161e kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed, ub\u00edral se cestou ani ne tak dramatick\u00fdch vyvracen\u00ed star\u00fdch p\u0159estav jako sp\u00ed\u0161e konzumace d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch poznatk\u016f a jejich vplynut\u00ed a rozplynut\u00ed se do nitra nov\u00fdch dokonalej\u0161\u00edch a \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch koncepc\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ilustrativn\u00edm \u0161kolsk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem v\u00a0tomto sm\u011bru mohou b\u00fdt z\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00edho pohledu ji\u017e prastar\u00e9 teorie cyklogeneze, nap\u0159. teorie termick\u00e1, divergen\u010dn\u00ed apod. Tyto dnes ji\u017e d\u00e1vno p\u0159ekonan\u00e9 teorie v\u0161ak nebyly vyvr\u00e1ceny, pouze ztratily jim nepr\u00e1vem p\u0159isuzovan\u00fd obecn\u00fd rozm\u011br a vplynuly jako d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed, podru\u017en\u00e9 mechanizmy do modern\u00ed teorie tlakov\u00fdch zm\u011bn v\u00a0atmosf\u00e9\u0159e.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee v\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch meteorologick\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1n\u00ed se jen m\u00e1lo ztratilo, bylo beze zbytku principi\u00e1ln\u011b zavr\u017eeno \u010di beze stopy zmizelo, jsou tyto d\u011bjiny velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 a pou\u010dn\u00e9, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pln\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed opravdov\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d k\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pokud jde o druhou pozn\u00e1mku, za\u010dnu od slavn\u00e9 tradice klementinsk\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ji\u017e jejich zakladatel\u00e9, Strnad a Stepling, spojuj\u00ed akademickou dr\u00e1hu s\u00a0intenzivn\u00edmi snahami o praktick\u00e9 aplikace meteorologie zejm\u00e9na pro zem\u011bd\u011blce.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b uplynul\u00fdch t\u00fddnech jsme vzpom\u00ednali 150 let existence meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. Jde p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o pro n\u00e1s historicky v\u00fdznamnou podunajskou \u010d\u00e1st st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy a zde m\u016f\u017eeme uv\u00e9zt \u0159adu vynikaj\u00edc\u00edch osobnost\u00ed, nap\u0159. K. Kreil, K. Fritsch atd., kte\u0159\u00ed vy\u0161li z\u00a0okruhu pra\u017esk\u00e9ho Klementina a staly se posl\u00e9ze kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi postavami meteorologick\u00e9 a fenologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby v\u00a0n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edm Rakousku-Uhersku.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Postupme nyn\u00ed d\u00e1le do obdob\u00ed formov\u00e1n\u00ed a budov\u00e1n\u00ed mlad\u00e9ho \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, kdy n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd, p\u0159edch\u016fdce dne\u0161n\u00edho \u010cHM\u00da, nal\u00e9z\u00e1 sv\u00e9 do\u010dasn\u00e9 \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0univerzitn\u00ed budov\u011b Ke Karlovu3, Praha 2, kde posl\u00e9ze s\u00eddl\u00ed a\u017e do roku 1978 meteorologick\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b Univerzity Karlovy, p\u016fvodn\u011b Meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav UK, pozd\u011bji katedra, v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch odd\u011blen\u00ed za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00e9 do struktury \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch geov\u011bdn\u00edch kateder. Obdob\u00ed, kdy univerzitn\u00ed a st\u00e1tn\u011b organiza\u010dn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 pracovi\u0161t\u011b maj\u00ed spole\u010dnou st\u0159echu nad hlavou, je bl\u00edzk\u00e9 dob\u011b vrcholn\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a pedagogick\u00e9 aktivity Stanislava Hanzl\u00edka, profesora meteorologie na UK, jen\u017e byl i v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm souputn\u00edkem slavn\u00e9 Norsk\u00e9 \u0161koly, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavovala z\u00e1klad pro meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby po velkou \u010d\u00e1st 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 postavy na\u0161\u00ed meteorologie se v\u011bt\u0161inou v\u00fdrazn\u011b zapisovaly do historie jak univerzitn\u00ed meteorologie na UK, tak historie linie instituc\u00ed vedouc\u00ed k\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00edmu \u010cHM\u00da. Jako v\u00fdznamn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad jmenujme profesora Aloise Gregora, kter\u00e9mu se dostalo cti podepisovat roku 1947 za \u010ceskoslovensko zakl\u00e1dac\u00ed listinu Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace. Mohli bychom pokra\u010dovat je\u0161t\u011b dlouho, ale nen\u00ed na\u0161\u00edm \u00fakolem zde podat vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fd\u010det, ten by m\u011bl \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 z\u00edskat \u010detbou prezentovan\u00e9 kn\u00ed\u017eky. P\u0159ipome\u0148me proto je\u0161t\u011b jen posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek let, kdy \u0159ada pracovn\u00edk\u016f \u010cHM\u00da p\u016fsob\u00ed na Univerzit\u011b Karlov\u011b jako extern\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9, vedouc\u00ed diplomov\u00fdch, kandid\u00e1tsk\u00fdch a nyn\u00ed doktorsk\u00fdch prac\u00ed, kdy studenti meteorologie doch\u00e1zej\u00ed na praxe do \u010cHM\u00da, kdy naopak univerzitn\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9 p\u016fsob\u00ed na \u010cHM\u00da v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch komis\u00edch a odborn\u00fdch gr\u00e9mi\u00edch, kdy se \u0159e\u0161\u00ed \u0159ada spole\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f, v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b grant\u016f a \u00faloh VaV.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dokladem dobr\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce je nakonec i dnes prezentovan\u00e1 kn\u00ed\u017eka a na\u0161e setk\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159ejme proto \u201eD\u011bjin\u00e1m meteorologie\u201c \u0161\u0165astnou cestu ke \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a pod\u011bkujme autor\u016fm za nezm\u011brn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed, s\u00a0n\u00edm\u017e d\u00edlo dovedli ke zd\u00e1rn\u00e9mu konci, pod\u011bkujme i v\u0161em, kdo se v\u00fdtvarn\u011b, redak\u010dn\u011b \u010di organiza\u010dn\u011b pod\u00edleli na jeho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. A p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm m\u011bjme nad\u011bji a d\u016fv\u011bru v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed plodnou spolupr\u00e1ci.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Jan Bedn\u00e1\u0159, MZ 2001\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 54, str. 191\u2013192<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9248ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9248ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-89d95e4\" data-id=\"89d95e4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf289f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bf289f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16335c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"16335c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0158ISTOUPEN\u00cdM K EVROPSK\u00c9MU CENTRU PRO ST\u0158EDN\u011aDOBOU P\u0158EDPOV\u011a\u010e PO\u010cAS\u00cd SE P\u0158EDPOV\u011aDI JEDNOZNA\u010cN\u011a ZKVALITN\u00cd<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2e8dce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f2e8dce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Rozhovor redakce s \u0159editelem \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Ing. Ivanem Obrusn\u00edkem, DrSc. na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u00e9ma<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>1. Pane \u0159editeli, od srpna leto\u0161n\u00edho roku se \u010cesk\u00e1 republika stala \u010dlenskou zem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9ho centra pro st\u0159edn\u011bdobou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed (ECMWF) se s\u00eddlem v anglick\u00e9m Readingu. Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee o p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k Evropsk\u00e9mu centru usilovalo veden\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da del\u0161\u00ed dobu, realizace se opo\u017e\u010fovala p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z ekonomick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f. M\u016f\u017eete uv\u00e9st, pro\u010d je pro na\u0161i slu\u017ebu zapojen\u00ed do tohoto centra tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Podeps\u00e1n\u00ed smlouvy o spolupr\u00e1ci s ECMWF je pro \u010cHM\u00da, ale konec konc\u016f i pro \u010cR, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 z n\u011bkolika d\u016fvod\u016f. Pat\u0159\u00ed k nim p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm snaha o zlep\u0161en\u00ed P\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed a v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eby (PVS) \u010cHM\u00da pro p\u0159\u00edpady povodn\u00ed, ale i dal\u0161\u00edch mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch situac\u00ed vznikl\u00fdch p\u016fsoben\u00edm nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch jev\u016f. Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fvodem je snaha o prodlou\u017een\u00ed intervalu p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed z numerick\u00fdch model\u016f po\u010das\u00ed z dosavadn\u00edch ca 5 dn\u016f a\u017e na 9 a\u017e 10 dn\u00ed. Dosud vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 a velmi kvalitn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi a produkty z region\u00e1ln\u00edho modelu ALADIN, po\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9 u n\u00e1s, maj\u00ed jen omezen\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd rozsah do 48 hodin, dosud dostupn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed modely asi na 5 dn\u016f dop\u0159edu. Krom\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho \u201eprodlou\u017een\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed\u201c bude p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00fd i p\u0159\u00edstup k dat\u016fm z tzv. \u201eans\u00e1mbl\u016f\u201c, co\u017e p\u0159isp\u011bje ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed objektivity p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed zejm\u00e9na u extr\u00e9mn\u00edch jev\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 i k postupn\u00e9mu p\u0159echodu na pravd\u011bpodobnostn\u00ed typ p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed. Bude to znamenat i podstatn\u00fd kvalitativn\u00ed skok pro u\u017eivatele na\u0161ich p\u0159edpov\u011bdi, a\u0165 ji\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o ve\u0159ejnost nebo o podnikovou sf\u00e9ru. T\u0159et\u00edm d\u016fvodem je zlep\u0161eni kontakt\u016f se z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00fdmi meteorology a zlep\u0161eni p\u0159\u00edstupu ke v\u0161em dat\u016fm a produkt\u016fm z ECMWF &#8211; v kone\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi to zlep\u0161i \u00farove\u0148 nejen operativn\u00ed meteorologie, ale i klimatologie a obecn\u011b i \u00farove\u0148 v\u00fdzkumu v t\u011bchto oborech u n\u00e1s. T\u00edm m\u00e1m na mysli v\u00fdzkumu v cel\u00e9 \u010cR, nikoliv pouze v \u010cHM\u00da. Nelze opomenout i p\u0159istup k experiment\u00e1ln\u00edm sezonn\u00edm p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00edm na b\u00e1zi v\u00fdstup\u016f z \u201eans\u00e1mbl\u016f\u201c. Posledn\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd p\u0159inos je sp\u00ed\u0161e v politick\u00e9 rovin\u011b &#8211; na\u0161i meteorologov\u00e9 z\u00edskaj\u00ed n\u00e1stroje podobn\u00e9 kvality jako jejich kolegov\u00e9 v EU a podobn\u011b i u\u017eivatel\u00e9 budou m\u00edt p\u0159istup k dat\u016fm a informac\u00edm evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b. Lze to pova\u017eovat za jeden z krok\u016f \u010cR p\u0159i p\u0159istupov\u00e1n\u00ed k EU.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>2. P\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b \u010cHM\u00da vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dosud produkty n\u011bkolika numerick\u00fdch model\u016f (ALADIN, britsk\u00fd, americk\u00fd, n\u011bmeck\u00fd). Problematikou vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch podklad\u016f pro varovnou slu\u017ebu se ned\u00e1vno zab\u00fdval v na\u0161em \u010dasopisu J. Pavl\u00edk [Meteorol. Zpr., 2001, \u010d. 1], jen\u017e na z\u00e1klad\u011b anal\u00fdzy n\u011bkolika konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f demonstroval zna\u010dn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v odhadech jednotliv\u00fdch model\u016f. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u010deho Evropsk\u00e9 centrum (podklady, programy, metody) vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed produkty ne\u017e jin\u00e1 pracovi\u0161t\u011b? Z Va\u0161ich informac\u00ed poskytnut\u00fdch denn\u00edmu tisku jednozna\u010dn\u011b vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee spolupr\u00e1ce s Evropsk\u00fdm centrem umo\u017en\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f, v\u010detn\u011b prodlou\u017een\u00ed d\u00e9lky z p\u011bti na deset dn\u016f. Je to realistick\u00fd p\u0159edpoklad?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">U\u017e samotn\u00fd vznik Evropsk\u00e9ho centra vych\u00e1zel z p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee pouze spole\u010dn\u00fdm \u00fasil\u00edm a sdru\u017een\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f bude mo\u017en\u00e9 vyvinout a operativn\u011b provozovat dostate\u010dn\u011b kvalitn\u00ed numerick\u00fd model po\u010das\u00ed pro prodlou\u017een\u00fd p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed interval. Proto vych\u00e1zel model ECMWF z nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch klimatick\u00fdch model\u016f a z velmi kvalitn\u00ed asimilace dat na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni. V\u00e1mi zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 modely maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, ale umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi na krat\u0161\u00ed dobu (ALADIN na 48 hodin, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed model na 3-5 dn\u016f), model na st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00fd interval (5-10 dn\u00ed) do vzniku ECMWF zcela chyb\u011bl. J. Pavl\u00edk demonstroval pr\u00e1v\u011b skute\u010dnost, \u017ee p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u00edce model\u016f dosahuj\u00edc\u00edch by\u0165 pon\u011bkud jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem podobn\u00e9 kvality, m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edskat n\u011bkolik pom\u011brn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f \u010di p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed. V praxi to pak klade na meteorologa velik\u00e9 n\u00e1roky, ke kter\u00e9mu modelu se m\u00e1 p\u0159i kone\u010dn\u00e9m rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159iklonit. Tuto situaci p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nezlep\u0161\u00edme pou\u017eit\u00edm je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu t\u011bchto model\u016f. V\u00fdchodiskem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt (a refer\u00e1ty na posledn\u00ed konferenci o aplikovan\u00e9 meteorologii ECAM 2001 z Budape\u0161ti to v pln\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e potvrzuj\u00ed) pou\u017eit\u00ed pon\u011bkud jin\u00e9ho modelu vysok\u00e9 kvality, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed v obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdch situac\u00edch usnadnit. T\u00edmto modelem je pr\u00e1v\u011b model z ECMWF. \u0158ada z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v rutinn\u00ed praxi kvalitn\u00ed model pro omezen\u00e9 oblasti (jako nap\u0159. ALADIN) na 48 hodin dop\u0159edu a d\u00e1le a\u017e do 8-10 dn\u016f model ECMWF: Ostatn\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed modely pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e jako dopl\u0148kov\u00e9. Evropsk\u00e9 centrum vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed produkty p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9mu lidsk\u00e9mu potenci\u00e1lu i mohutn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu materi\u00e1ln\u00edmu zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. ECMWF vych\u00e1z\u00ed z velmi dob\u0159e napozorovan\u00fdch dat a jejich kvalitn\u00ed asimilace, zpracovan\u00fdch prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sofistikovan\u00e9ho modelu vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edho \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 numeriky, dobr\u00e9 parametrizace a efektivn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu ans\u00e1mbl\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou eliminovat chyby vstupn\u00edch dat. Evropsk\u00e9 st\u0159edisko vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i nejv\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de, kter\u00e9 si jednotliv\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nemohou dovolit. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee produkty z ECMWF vysokou kvalitu skute\u010dn\u011b maj\u00ed a je to uzn\u00e1v\u00e1no i mimo Evropu (nap\u0159. v USA \u010di Japonsku).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Informace pro tisk zd\u016fraz\u0148ovaly o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ednosy spolupr\u00e1ce s ECMWF ve velmi zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9 form\u011b: P\u0159i optim\u00e1ln\u00edm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed produkt\u016f a dat z ECMWF, kter\u00e9 se na\u0161i meteorologov\u00e9 mus\u00ed teprve nau\u010dit, a zejm\u00e9na nasazen\u00ed produkt\u016f EPS (z ans\u00e1mbl\u016f) pro p\u0159edpov\u011bdi extr\u00e9mn\u00edch situac\u00ed a vyu\u017eit\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed a o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch chyb numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed ur\u010dit\u011b ke zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed z \u010cHM\u00da dojde. Obdobn\u011b dojde i k prodlou\u017een\u00ed intervalu p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nelze o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee to bude platit ka\u017ed\u00fd den. R\u00e1d bych zd\u016fraznil nutnost postupn\u00e9ho seznamov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich meteorolog\u016f s produkty z ECMWF a jejich zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm do praxe. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1m i v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pomoc z v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch pracovi\u0161\u0165 v \u010cR, pro kter\u00e9 bude pr\u00e1ce s produkty z ECMWF rovn\u011b\u017e velk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ednosem. Kone\u010dn\u011b nelze opomenout ani zdokonalov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k ostatn\u00edm dat\u016fm (z pozorovac\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed, satelitn\u00edch obr\u00e1zk\u016f, radarov\u00fdm dat\u016fm \u010di zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f o blesc\u00edch). Pracujeme i na v\u00fdvoji \u201enowcastingu\u201c, kalibraci radar\u016f ze sr\u00e1\u017eko- m\u011brn\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed apod. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, i kdy\u017e p\u0159istoupen\u00edm k ECMWF se p\u0159edpov\u011bdi jednozna\u010dn\u011b zkvalitn\u00ed, \u010cHM\u00da paraleln\u011b rozv\u00edj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed metody a postupy, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed dat z ECMWF dopln\u00ed a v kone\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi povedou ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed cel\u00e9ho p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu u n\u00e1s.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>3. Vra\u0165me se je\u0161t\u011b k Va\u0161emu konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pro\u0161lo tak\u00e9 denn\u00edm tiskem: \u201eKdybychom m\u011bli ji\u017e v roce 1997 informace z Evropsk\u00e9ho centra, v\u011bd\u011bli bychom, \u017ee nebude pr\u0161et dva dny, ale \u0161est dn\u016f, a mohli jsme s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ed-stihem rozhodnout, zda p\u016fjde o katastrofickou povode\u0148, kter\u00e1 p\u0159es\u00e1hne i do Polska a N\u011bmecka, nebo o povode\u0148 pouze region\u00e1ln\u00ed.\u201c Jste skute\u010dn\u011b p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm z ECMWF by umo\u017enil odhadnout charakter a rozsah tehdej\u0161\u00ed povodn\u011b?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee rozhodn\u011b ano. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 \u010dinnosti jde obvykle sp\u00ed\u0161e o odhady a rozhodnut\u00ed varovat \u010di nevarovat, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pro jak\u00fd rozsah. I kdy\u017e n\u00e1m tenkr\u00e1t chyb\u011bly (nyn\u00ed postupn\u011b zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9) hydrologick\u00e9 modely pro hlavn\u00ed toky, katastrofick\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh bychom patrn\u011b za pomoc\u00ed v\u00fdstup\u016f z ECMWF p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bli. Pokud by sr\u00e1\u017eky byly pouze dvoudenn\u00ed a nikoliv \u0161estidenn\u00ed, m\u011bla by povode\u0148 zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 t\u011bmito sr\u00e1\u017ekami patrn\u011b pouze region\u00e1ln\u00ed charakter, kde\u017eto povode\u0148 z v\u00edcedenn\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek obvykle vede (a tak\u00e9 to tak dopadlo) ke katastrof\u011b. Proto si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee m\u00e9 konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed v tisku nebylo daleko od pravdy. Bylo v\u0161ak formulov\u00e1no velmi jasn\u011b a stru\u010dn\u011b, jak je to pro podobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady nutn\u00e9. R\u00e1d bych je\u0161t\u011b upozornil na fakt, na kter\u00fd se \u010dasto zapom\u00edn\u00e1, a sice \u017ee ALADINa jsme nasadili do operativy pom\u011brn\u011b t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed povodn\u00ed 97 a pr\u00e1v\u011b jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1m pomohlo p\u0159i vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdstrah, by\u0165 na region\u00e1ln\u00ed povode\u0148. Byl to obrovsk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch praktick\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00edho numerick\u00e9ho modelu pro povod\u0148ovou situaci a v\u00fdstupy z n\u011bj jsme okam\u017eit\u011b dali k dispozici Pol\u00e1k\u016fm, co\u017e jimi bylo po skon\u010den\u00ed povodn\u011b ocen\u011bno.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>4. Jsou v \u010cHM\u00da vytvo\u0159eny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 i person\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady pro optim\u00e1ln\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed poskytovan\u00fdch informac\u00ed? M\u00e1me na mysli zejm\u00e9na softwarov\u00e9 zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159enosu dat, z\u00e1cvik pracovn\u00edk\u016f progn\u00f3zn\u00edho pracovi\u0161t\u011b apod.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Va\u0161e ot\u00e1zka je zcela na m\u00edst\u011b. V\u0161echny V\u00e1mi zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my se sna\u017e\u00edme \u0159e\u0161it za chodu a prakticky sou\u010dasn\u011b. Za rychl\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z uveden\u00fdch d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f zodpov\u00edd\u00e1 jeden nebo dva z na\u0161ich \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f v dan\u00e9 oblasti. Prakticky ji\u017e od srpna jsme schopni vyu\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159edpov\u011bdi sr\u00e1\u017eek z ECMWF a, alespo\u0148 kvalitativn\u011b, v\u00fdstupy z \u201eans\u00e1mbl\u016f\u201c pro tento \u00fa\u010del. ECMWF pro n\u00e1s zp\u0159\u00edstupnilo meteogramy a \u0159adu ostatn\u00edch aplikac\u00ed, na n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edch pracujeme sami a ve spolupr\u00e1ci s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi firmami p\u0159ipravujeme i vhodn\u00fd software. Pokud mo\u017eno brzy bychom m\u011bli inovovat i obecn\u00e9 programov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed pro p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b (upgrade st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho americk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu METPRO nebo podobn\u00fd komplexn\u00ed software od jin\u00e9 firmy), kter\u00e9 umo\u017en\u00ed i lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch dat p\u0159es sebe, distribuci obrazov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a map a p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u00fdstup\u016f na internet. Jako patrn\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m vid\u00edm d\u016fkladn\u00fd z\u00e1cvik \u010di vy\u0161kolen\u00ed na\u0161ich progn\u00f3zn\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f, nebo\u0165 \u0159ada z nich nez\u00edskala p\u0159i sv\u00fdch studi\u00edch p\u0159ed \u0159adou let dostate\u010dn\u00e9 znalosti v pr\u00e1v\u011b dnes modern\u00edch aplikac\u00edch dynamick\u00e9 meteorologie s vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm model\u016f, radar\u016f a satelit\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto t\u00fddnu (od 6. 11. 2001) prob\u00edh\u00e1 v na\u0161em \u0161kolic\u00edm centru v Radostovic\u00edch prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st programu vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed odborn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f z oboru meteorologie, kter\u00e9 je prvn\u00edm vykro\u010den\u00edm k postupn\u00e9mu p\u0159e\u0161kolen\u00ed a do\u0161kolen\u00ed na\u0161ich pracovn\u00edk\u016f v modern\u00ed meteorologii. S Katedrou meteorologie a ochrany prost\u0159ed\u00ed MFF UK jsme uzav\u0159eli dohodu o spole\u010dn\u00e9m komplexn\u00edm programu vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed meteorolog\u016f, kter\u00e9 zahrne i bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a postgradu\u00e1ln\u00ed studium.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>5. Lze po necel\u00fdch dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch sd\u011blit prvn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti s vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm podklad\u016f z ECMWF. Pokud ano, m\u016f\u017eete ilustrovat pozitivn\u00ed nebo negativn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti na n\u011bjak\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edkladu?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prvn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti jsou rozhodn\u011b pozitivn\u00ed, ji\u017e te\u010f vid\u00edme v modelov\u00fdch v\u00fdstupech d\u00e1le dop\u0159edu a douf\u00e1m, \u017ee ji\u017e v t\u011bchto dnech dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed na\u0161i ob\u010dan\u00e9 informace o v\u00fdhledu v\u00fdvoje po\u010das\u00ed na 9-10 dn\u016f dop\u0159edu. Pro objektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vyhodnocen\u00ed neuplynula je\u0161t\u011b dostate\u010dn\u00e1 doba a ani software pro v\u0161echny aplikace nen\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b hotov. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b na\u0161e snaha o rychl\u00e9 a komplexn\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dat a informac\u00ed z ECMWF prakticky ihned po vstupu a na\u0161e pom\u011brn\u011b velmi dobr\u00e1 p\u0159ipravenost na tento krok vyvolala pozornost i v samotn\u00e9m ECMWF &#8211; zat\u00edm se u \u201enov\u00e1\u010dk\u016f\u201c s takhle rychl\u00fdm postupem nesetkali. Jen douf\u00e1m, \u017ee n\u00e1m to vydr\u017e\u00ed i d\u00e1l a \u017ee se co nejd\u0159\u00edve materi\u00e1ly z ECMWF stanou standardn\u00edmi v na\u0161\u00ed denn\u00ed prognostick\u00e9 praxi. Velmi si slibuji i od p\u0159\u00edklonu k objektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstup\u016fm s vyu\u017eit\u00edm \u00fadaj\u016f o pravd\u011bpodobnosti (produkty z \u201eanas\u00e1mbl\u016f &#8211; EPS). Za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u0159\u00edjna jsem se spolu s n\u00e1m\u011bstkem \u0159editele pro meteorologii Dr. Wolkem z\u00fa\u010dastnil i prvn\u00edho (pro n\u00e1s) zased\u00e1n\u00ed reprezentant\u016f zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed uzav\u0159enou smlouvu o spolupr\u00e1ci s ECMWF a byli jsme p\u0159ekvapeni, jak dob\u0159e n\u00e1s mezi sebe p\u0159ijali. \u0160\u00e9f ECMWF Dr. Burridge n\u00e1s rovn\u011b\u017e sezn\u00e1mil s programem ECMWF na nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9ta a diskutoval s n\u00e1mi, by\u0165 ne zcela plnopr\u00e1vn\u00fdmi \u010dleny, n\u011bkter\u00e9 probl\u00e9my a n\u00e1vrhy jejich \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Velmi se n\u00e1m l\u00edbil \u010dist\u011b pragmatick\u00fd a striktn\u011b pracovn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup jedn\u00e1n\u00ed na tomto zased\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>6. Produkty \u010cHM\u00da na \u00faseku p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed a v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eby tvo\u0159\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st v r\u00e1mci fungov\u00e1n\u00ed Integrovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, prohlubuje se spolupr\u00e1ce s Hasi\u010dsk\u00fdm z\u00e1chrann\u00fdm sborem, sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed jsou ve st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed extr\u00e9mn\u00edmi pov\u011btrnostn\u00edmi jevy. V tomto smyslu pln\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da svou povinnost, kterou m\u00e1 v\u016f\u010di st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1v\u011b i ve\u0159ejnosti. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v anket\u011b na t\u00e9ma \u201esynoptick\u00e1 meteorologie a p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti\u201c [Meteorol. Zpr., 2001, \u010d. 2] se n\u011bkolik p\u0159edn\u00edch odborn\u00edk\u016f shodlo, \u017ee prognostick\u00e9 modely nikdy nemohou pln\u011b vystihnout realitu atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Nasnad\u011b je ot\u00e1zka: Neob\u00e1v\u00e1te se mo\u017en\u00e9 kontraproduktivnosti a zklam\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti, pokud se proklamovan\u00e1 zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed neuskute\u010dn\u00ed?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Toho se neob\u00e1v\u00e1m, m\u00e1m sp\u00ed\u0161e sign\u00e1ly o tom, \u017ee se na\u0161e p\u0159edpov\u011bdi i pro p\u0159\u00edpady extr\u00e9mn\u00edch situac\u00ed zlep\u0161uj\u00ed. Pochopiteln\u011b se i nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme spl\u00e9st. Ale na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b si mus\u00edme uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee probl\u00e9m v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eby nen\u00ed \u010dasto ve vlastn\u00ed p\u0159esnosti p\u0159edpov\u011bdi (kolik mm sr\u00e1\u017eek bude, v kterou hodinu a v kter\u00e9 p\u0159esn\u00e9 lokalit\u011b), ale v tom, zda jsme spustili sv\u00fdm varov\u00e1n\u00edm cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u010di ne. Zde n\u00e1s d\u0159\u00edve n\u011bkdy \u201ep\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c p\u0159ed mo\u017enou nep\u0159esnost\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi extr\u00e9mn\u00edch jev\u016f vedlo k tomu, \u017ee jsme upozorn\u011bn\u00ed nebo zejm\u00e9na v\u00fdstrahu v\u016fbec nevydali. A to je obvykle hor\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e kdy\u017e ji vyd\u00e1me, a p\u0159edpov\u00eddan\u00fd jev se nakonec nevyskytne nebo je men\u0161\u00ed. Krom\u011b odborn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed si zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b cen\u00edm nov\u00e9 organizace na\u0161ich p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch pracovi\u0161\u0165 (CPP a RPP) i velmi pozitivn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu prognostik\u016f pr\u00e1v\u011b k v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b. Ta je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vizitkou \u010cHM\u00da. Zklam\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti se m\u016f\u017eeme \u010dasto vyhnout i vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formulac\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b upozorn\u011bn\u00ed a v\u00fdstrah, ve sporn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech sh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00edm dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed o meteorologick\u00fdch parametrech \u010di celkov\u00e9 situaci z na\u0161ich profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010di dobrovoln\u00fdch stanic, dispe\u010dink\u016f podnik\u016f Povod\u00ed, konzultace\u00ac mi s odborn\u00edky \u010cHM\u00da, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou v kritickou dobu doma pomoc\u00ed mobiln\u00edho telefonu apod. Kone\u010dn\u011b je t\u0159eba vyu\u017e\u00edvat v\u0161echna data a informace, kter\u00e9 jsou k dispozici, co\u017e jsem ji\u017e zm\u00ednil v odpov\u011bdi na druhou ot\u00e1zku. Rovn\u011b\u017e si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee d\u00edky pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dast\u00e9mu v\u00fdskytu extr\u00e9mn\u00edch jev\u016f a mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed v posledn\u00edch letech z\u00edskala \u0159ada na\u0161ich prognostik\u016f jednak velk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159ehled a \u201eprofesion\u00e1ln\u00ed\u201c nadhled. To br\u00e1n\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm zmatk\u016fm z stres\u016fm a v kone\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi to rovn\u011b\u017e vede ke zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed a v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Zkvalitnili jsme i v\u0161echny druhy spojen\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edstup k materi\u00e1l\u016fm prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm intranetu apod. a rovn\u011b\u017e spolupr\u00e1ce s na\u0161imi prot\u011bj\u0161ky v opera\u010dn\u00edch a informa\u010dn\u00edch st\u0159edisc\u00edch Hasi\u010dsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho sboru se neust\u00e1le zlep\u0161uje. Nelze opomenout i zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed na\u0161ich \u201ev\u00fdstup\u016f\u201c na internetu v\u010detn\u011b nov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek povod\u0148ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Nakonec bych zm\u00ednil i neust\u00e1l\u00e9 zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce s m\u00e9dii; zejm\u00e9na s \u010cesk\u00fdm rozhlasem a \u010ceskou televiz\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>7. Z Va\u0161ich p\u0159edchoz\u00edch odpov\u011bd\u00ed vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee n\u00e1roky na provoz i technick\u00fd a odborn\u00fd rozvoj \u00fastavu neust\u00e1le stoupaj\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee \u00fastav plnit sv\u00e9 \u00fakoly se sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi disponibiln\u00edmi prost\u0159edky? Domn\u00edv\u00e1me se, \u017ee jako nezbytn\u00fd p\u0159edpoklad uvedete technologickou modernizaci slu\u017eby, kter\u00e1 povede k integraci pozorovac\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed sou\u010dinnosti s odborn\u00edky z jin\u00fdch dom\u00e1c\u00edch instituc\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed zintenzivn\u011bn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pochopiteln\u011b prost\u0159edk\u016f jak na investice pro modernizaci, tak zejm\u00e9na na provoz nen\u00ed nikdy dost a celkov\u00fd objem st\u00e1tn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku pro \u010cHM\u00da sp\u00ed\u0161e kles\u00e1, ne\u017e stoup\u00e1. Situaci pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b \u0159e\u0161\u00edme, i kdy\u017e \u010dasto s velk\u00fdmi obt\u00ed\u017eemi. Prob\u00edh\u00e1 automatizace stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b (u profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch a interov\u00fdch stanic je ji\u017e p\u0159ed dokon\u010den\u00edm), p\u0159ikro\u010dili jsme k budov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotn\u00e9ho datab\u00e1zov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u010cHM\u00da pro v\u0161echny t\u0159i obory \u00fastavu, sjednotili p\u0159enosy dat apod. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b nep\u016fjde vytvo\u0159it jednotnou s\u00ed\u0165 stanic, kter\u00e9 by ze stejn\u00e9ho m\u00edsta prov\u00e1d\u011bly meteorologick\u00e1, hydrologick\u00e1 a \u201e\u010distot\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1\u201c pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Velmi dobrou sou\u010dinnost m\u00e1me s vojensk\u00fdmi meteorology, kde jsme vytvo\u0159ili Syst\u00e9m integrovan\u00e9 v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eby (SIVS) a zlep\u0161uje se i na\u0161e spolupr\u00e1ce s v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdmi pracovi\u0161ti v \u010cR. Kone\u010dn\u011b i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce se st\u00e1le zkvalit\u0148uje a roste. K ji\u017e tradi\u010dn\u00edm (M\u00e9teo France, US Weather Service, Deutscher Wetterdienst, SHM\u00da, LACE, EUMETSAT atd.) p\u0159ibyla pr\u00e1v\u011b spolupr\u00e1ce s ECMWF, tj. se \u0161pi\u010dkovou instituc\u00ed evropsk\u00e9ho rozsahu. Roste na\u0161e spolu\u00fa\u010dast i na grantech, jednak na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni, jednak na \u00farovni mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v projektech v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho programu EU.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>8. V kontextu prohlubuj\u00edc\u00ed se mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce se st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji objevuje my\u0161lenka o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Ztoto\u017e\u0148ujete se s touto viz\u00ed?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mus\u00edme si p\u0159iznat, \u017ee tato vize je logicky velmi re\u00e1ln\u00e1 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 trochu \u201enebezpe\u010dn\u00e1\u201c p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby v mal\u00fdch zem\u00edch, kter\u00e9 patrn\u011b nebudou schopny urvat \u201edostate\u010dn\u00fd kus kol\u00e1\u010de\u201c p\u0159i zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Je zcela logick\u00e9, \u017ee by spole\u010dn\u00e1 slu\u017eba vedla k \u00faspor\u00e1m i ke zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce a produkt\u016f. Ve v\u00fdzkumu je dobr\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem pr\u00e1v\u011b ECMWF, kter\u00e9 je vlastn\u011b takov\u00fdm prvn\u00edm spole\u010dn\u00fdm evropsk\u00fdm pracovi\u0161t\u011bm a p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed jeho pr\u00e1ce klady jednozna\u010dn\u011b p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed nad z\u00e1pory. Osobn\u011b si v\u0161ak mysl\u00edm, \u017ee vytvo\u0159en\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 slu\u017eby budou oddalovat vojensk\u00e9 aspekty a patrn\u011b t\u00e9\u017e ur\u010dit\u00e1 rivalita mezi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi slu\u017ebami (Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie, Francie, N\u011bmecko).<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Za redakci Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 2001\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 54, str. 161-163<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-085c34a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"085c34a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8cd2fd0\" data-id=\"8cd2fd0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-539aca3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"539aca3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ec4b16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5ec4b16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010cESK\u00dd HYDROMETEOROLOGICK\u00dd \u00daSTAV \u010cLENEM EVROPSK\u00c9 METEOROLOGICK\u00c9 SPOLE\u010cNOSTI (EMS)<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-299bf09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"299bf09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve dnech 16.-17. b\u0159ezna 2001 se na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti uskute\u010dnilo v Praze zased\u00e1n\u00ed Rady Evropsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (EMS). P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me, \u017ee Stanovy EMS byly publikov\u00e1ny v Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch, 52, 1999, \u010d. 4, str. 126-127. (V tomto textu bylo pou\u017eito n\u00e1zvu Koncil m\u00edsto vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho Rada; dodate\u010dn\u011b se \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm omlouv\u00e1me.)<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed se konalo v hlavn\u00ed budov\u011b Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR v Praze. \u00da\u010dastnili se ho Alica Bajic (Chorvatsko), Jan Bedn\u00e1\u0159 (\u010cMeS), David Burridge (pozorovatel), Tanja Cegnar (zvan\u00fd expert, meteorologie v m\u00e9di\u00edch, Slovinsko), Stanley Cornford (vicepresident a hospod\u00e1\u0159 EMS, Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie), Raino Heino (Finsko), Nils Olof Karlberg (pozorovatel), Ren\u00e9 Morin (president EMS, Francie), Fritz Neuwirth (vicepresident EMS, Rakousko), Mike Phillips (pozorovatel, EUMETSAT), John Thomson (pozorovatel), Werner Wehry (N\u011bmecko), John Wieringa (vicepresident EMS, Holandsko), Arne Spekat (sekret\u00e1\u0159 EMS, N\u011bmecko). Omluveni byli Luigi Mariani (It\u00e1lie), Eva \u017di\u017ekov\u00e1 (v\u011bdeck\u00e1 tajemnice \u010cMeS).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pro informaci uv\u00e1d\u00edme, \u017ee v roli pozorovatel\u016f bez pr\u00e1va hlasovat se z\u00fa\u010dast\u0148uj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00ed odborn\u00edci a p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 instituc\u00ed se statutem p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f EMS.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace o programu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed byl uvedeny ve V\u011bstn\u00edku \u010cMeS.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nov\u00fdmi p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdmi \u010dleny EMS se staly M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France a \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Hlavn\u00edm v\u00fdstupem z jedn\u00e1n\u00ed Rady bylo formulov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bru iniciovat \u010dinnost p\u011bti pracovn\u00edch komis\u00ed:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">1. Komise pro konferen\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">2. Komise pro vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v meteorologii.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">3. Komise pro akreditaci.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">4. Komise pro prezentaci meteorologie v m\u00e9di\u00edch.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">5. Komise pro dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti v oblasti meteorologie.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V souvislosti s komis\u00ed pro akreditaci se do budoucnosti p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee \u010dinnost EMS a jej\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed by mohla nab\u00fdt n\u011bkter\u00fdch prvk\u016f obdobn\u00fdch profesn\u00edm komor\u00e1m vypracov\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm krit\u00e9ria pro opr\u00e1vn\u011bnost vystupovat ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm zp\u016fsobem za dan\u00fd obor v\u016f\u010di ve\u0159ejnosti. Komise pro dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti by se starala o n\u00e1m\u011bty z agendy nespadaj\u00edc\u00ed do kompetence prv\u00fdch \u010dty\u0159 komis\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed rozpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinnosti a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed provozu zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch komis\u00ed bude prob\u00edhat na dal\u0161\u00edch zased\u00e1n\u00edch Rady EMS, kter\u00e1 maj\u00ed p\u016flro\u010dn\u00ed frekvenci. Nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed z nich prob\u011bhne soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s kongresem ECAM (24.-28. 9. 2001 v Budape\u0161ti).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">D\u00e1le byl p\u0159edlo\u017een seznam mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch akc\u00ed, na nich\u017e se m\u00e1 EMS pod\u00edlet:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">1. Annual Meeting of EMS (25.-26. 9. 2001) jako sou\u010d\u00e1st kongresu ECAM (Budape\u0161\u0165, 24.-28. 9. 2001).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">2. International Conference on Radar Meteorology (19. &#8211; 25. 7. 2001, Mnichov).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">3. European Conference on Severe Storms (26.- 30. 8. 2002, Praha).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">4. XI. Festival de la M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie (23. &#8211; 27. 5. 2001, Montreal).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">5. 6th Education: Weather, Ocean, Climate (EWOC) Conference (7. &#8211; 11. 7. 2003, Madrid).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u0158ada dal\u0161\u00edch akc\u00ed je z hlediska pod\u00edlu EMS v jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Snahou EMS bude i organizovat mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed granty na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch ot\u00e1zek z meteorologie. Jak je z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho v\u00fd\u010dtu patrn\u00e9, pro \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav znamen\u00e1 p\u0159ijet\u00ed za p\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9ho \u010dlena EMS zejm\u00e9na pru\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed napojen\u00ed na n\u011bkter\u00e9 zdroje informac\u00ed a \u010dinnost\u00ed, a to i na p\u016fd\u011b akademick\u00e9 a spole\u010densk\u00e9. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se ot\u00e1zek prezentace \u00fadaj\u016f a akreditac\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt pro \u010cHM\u00da i praktick\u00e9 dopady.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Domn\u00edv\u00e1me se, \u017ee podobn\u011b jako kdysi \u0161irok\u00e1 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bna meteorologick\u00fdch dat nejprve telegraficky, pozd\u011bji d\u00e1lnopisy a posl\u00e9ze pou\u017eit\u00edm Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b SMO, byla p\u0159edzv\u011bst\u00ed propojen\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, je nyn\u00ed sdru\u017een\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed a \u00fastav\u016f kam\u00ednkem mozaiky, kter\u00e1 bude jednou, doufejme, tvo\u0159it obraz nekonfliktn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Jan Bedn\u00e1\u0159 &#8211; Helena Vondr\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, MZ 2001\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 54, str. 123<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7348806 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7348806\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3bc6f82\" data-id=\"3bc6f82\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bdd600 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1bdd600\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d168fea elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d168fea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PO\u010cAS\u00cd Z\u016eST\u00c1V\u00c1, \u010cESK\u00dd HYDROMETEOROLOGICK\u00dd \u00daSTAV SE M\u011aN\u00cd<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3a8e85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3a8e85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>ROZHOVOR S N\u00c1M\u011aSTKEM PRO METEOROLOGII A KLIMATOLOGII \u010cESK\u00c9HO HYDROMETEOROLOGICK\u00c9HO \u00daSTAVU RNDR. MARI\u00c1NEM WOLKEM<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>1.<\/em> <em>Pane n\u00e1m\u011bstku, p\u0159esto\u017ee letopo\u010dtov\u00e1 symbolika sehr\u00e1v\u00e1 ve skute\u010dnosti jist\u011b v\u00fdznamov\u011b podru\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed roli, ne\u017e se j\u00ed obecn\u011b p\u0159isuzuje, n\u00e1\u0161 rozhovor se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 na prahu nov\u00e9ho mil\u00e9nia. P\u0159inese za\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9ho tis\u00edcilet\u00ed pro \u010deskou meteorologii n\u011bco zcela nov\u00e9ho nebo bude pokra\u010dovat v\u00fdvoj kontinu\u00e1ln\u011b? Pokud p\u016fjde o kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj, kter\u00e9 trendy m\u016f\u017eete uv\u00e9st jako nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Neo\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1m na za\u010d\u00e1tku nov\u00e9ho mil\u00e9nia v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v meteorologii a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee v\u00fdvoj bude pokra\u010dovat kontinu\u00e1ln\u011b. Je nutn\u00e9 zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee za posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolik let doch\u00e1z\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b k v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. Zat\u00edm co v minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed a podstatnou m\u011brou i v tomto stolet\u00ed se m\u011b\u0159ilo stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem (teplota, vlhkost, tlak apod.), za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 se p\u0159ech\u00e1zet na nov\u00e9 technologie m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, nap\u0159. u v\u011btru ultrasonick\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed apod., a co je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, st\u00e1le ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e se p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed na automatick\u00e9 bezobslu\u017en\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Tyto skute\u010dnosti podn\u011bcuj\u00ed aktivity v r\u00e1mci Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace (SMO) a je nutn\u00e9 v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch letech o\u010dek\u00e1vat zm\u011bnu jak v k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak i v syst\u00e9mu p\u0159enosu dat. V\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem pokro\u010dily metody m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v aerologii. Za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvat sodarov\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, syst\u00e9m WIND Profiler, a zlep\u0161ila se dru\u017eicov\u00e1 technologie. METEOSAT druh\u00e9 generace (MSG) spolu s p\u0159ipravovanou pol\u00e1rn\u00ed dru\u017eic\u00ed v r\u00e1mci programu EUMETSAT bude znamenat revoluci v m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z kosmu. MSG po n\u011bkolika odkladech by m\u011bla b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bna na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 2002. V\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem pokro\u010dil i v\u00fdvoj v leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9 technice a t\u00e9\u017e zaveden\u00ed syst\u00e9mu SADIS, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se dosahuje standardizace leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 dokumentace. Zd\u00e1 se mi, \u017ee ani nen\u00ed t\u0159eba zd\u016fraz\u0148ovat rozvoj radioloka\u010dn\u00edch metod m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b a jejich vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v operativn\u00edm provozu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>2. Jak se v dan\u00e9 souvislosti da\u0159\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9mu hydrometeorologick\u00e9mu \u00fastavu jako \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edmu \u00fastavu st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy pro meteorologii a klimatologii (ale i pro hydrologii, jakost vody a \u010distotu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed) plnit sv\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 \u00fakoly, spl\u0148uje va\u0161e p\u0159edstavy, co se poda\u0159ilo, a naopak, co se neda\u0159\u00ed?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">M\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zky m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt hodn\u011b subjektivn\u00ed a snad by n\u00e1s m\u011bl hodnotit nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd org\u00e1n, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed organizace. Mysl\u00edme si, \u017ee sv\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 \u00fakoly vcelku zvl\u00e1d\u00e1me. Vzhledem k sou\u010dasn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed politice st\u00e1tu jsme se zam\u011b\u0159ili na zabezpe\u010den\u00ed pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek (v\u00fdstavba pobo\u010dek, soci\u00e1ln\u00edch a \u0161kolic\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed). Sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159estavujeme jednotliv\u00e9 technologie za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale i softwarov\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy (v\u00fdstavba radiolok\u00e1tor\u016f, hydrologick\u00fdch objekt\u016f, leti\u0161tn\u00edch objekt\u016f). Rozum\u00ed se, \u017ee ve v\u0161ech nov\u00fdch objektech se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed nov\u00e9 modern\u00ed technologie. Doporu\u010duji si prolistovat v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy \u00fastavu, a zjist\u00edme, \u017ee ji\u017e pomalu zapom\u00edn\u00e1me, co se p\u0159ed p\u011bti \u0161esti lety ud\u011blalo a jak se \u00fastav zm\u011bnil. Z m\u00e9ho pohledu jsem neo\u010dek\u00e1val, \u017ee v Komo\u0159anech bude pracovat RC LACE, co\u017e je obrovsk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch spolupr\u00e1ce meteorolog\u016f st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, kte\u0159\u00ed se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na provozu a v\u00fdvoji modelu ALADIN. Naopak jsem o\u010dek\u00e1val, \u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem postoup\u00ed automatizace v\u0161ech s\u00edt\u00ed a integrace leteck\u00e9 a v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>3. Uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed technologick\u00e9ho pokroku v meteorologii &#8211; nap\u0159. nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed, pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed automatizace modern\u00edch metod a syst\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat a p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed &#8211; zvy\u0161uje zna\u010dn\u011b finan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady. Do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry se m\u016f\u017ee \u00fastav vyrovnat s touto skute\u010dnost\u00ed v situaci, kdy rozpo\u010det nejen nenar\u016fst\u00e1, ale je naopak kr\u00e1cen?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V \u00faseku meteorologie a klimatologie se s t\u00edmto probl\u00e9mem vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1me \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161enou komer\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed. V\u017edy\u0165 p\u0159\u00edjmy od roku 1992 vzrostly do sou\u010dasnosti p\u011btkr\u00e1t. Zat\u00edm se veden\u00ed \u00fastavu da\u0159\u00ed sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed dotace nahrazovat z jin\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, jako nap\u0159. r\u016fzn\u00e9 granty, projekty, pop\u0159. St\u00e1tn\u00ed fond \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Kdy\u017e sledujeme v\u00fdvoj v evropsk\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch, zjist\u00edme, \u017ee prakticky ve v\u0161ech doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu pracovn\u00edk\u016f, omezov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed. A to zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v oblastech, kter\u00e9 jsou duplicitn\u00ed. Je nutn\u00e9 se p\u0159ipravit na to, \u017ee podobn\u00fd dopad m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i na na\u0161i slu\u017ebu. Perspektivu maj\u00ed projekty RC LACE hrazen\u00e9 z financ\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, a nebo mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch program\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>4. Jak\u00e9 jsou dosavadn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti s p\u016fsobnost\u00ed nov\u011b utvo\u0159en\u00fdch integrovan\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch pracovi\u0161\u0165 na \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed v Praze-Komo\u0159anech a na pobo\u010dk\u00e1ch. Domn\u00edv\u00e1te se, \u017ee toto uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bje k dal\u0161\u00edmu zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eby zejm\u00e9na na region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru jsou zku\u0161enosti z tohoto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dobr\u00e9. Zv\u00fd\u0161ila se p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st pobo\u010dek z t\u00e9to \u010dinnosti, co je v\u0161ak podstatn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, zlep\u0161ila se komunikace mezi \u00fastavem a region\u00e1ln\u00edmi organizacemi, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na\u0161ich slu\u017eeb. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u00fd pokrok nastane v roce 2001-2002 zlep\u0161en\u00edm \u010dinnosti v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eby a upozor\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed obyvatelstva na bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 jevy po\u010das\u00ed cestou region\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed. Osobn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee region\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b budou m\u00edt opodstatn\u011bn\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b minim\u00e1ln\u011b 15 let. P\u0159i t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce je t\u00e9\u017e nutno zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci na\u0161eho \u00faseku jsou koordinov\u00e1ny n\u011bkter\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti z region\u00e1ln\u00edch pracovi\u0161\u0165, nap\u0159. operativn\u00ed a re\u017eimov\u00e1 datab\u00e1ze z Ostravy, klimatick\u00e9 modelov\u00e1n\u00ed z Hradce Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 apod. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee toto rozhodnut\u00ed bylo spr\u00e1vn\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>5. Ji\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu se p\u0159ipravuje slou\u010den\u00ed synoptick\u00e9 a leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby do Centr\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho pracovi\u0161t\u011b v Praze-Komo\u0159anech. Jak\u00e9 jsou d\u016fvody k tomuto kroku a jak\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1te v\u00fdsledky z hlediska odborn\u00e9ho, provozn\u00edho a ekonomick\u00e9ho?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b ji\u017e prob\u00edh\u00e1 1. etapa p\u0159em\u00eds\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed leteck\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f z Ruzyn\u011b do Komo\u0159an. D\u016fvody jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ekonomick\u00e9. K tomuto kroku bylo nutn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010dit spolehliv\u00e9 a kvalitn\u00ed telekomunikace, co\u017e se v roce 2000 poda\u0159ilo. Je v\u0161eobecn\u00fd tlak na sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na leteckou meteorologickou slu\u017ebu. Prostory, ve kter\u00fdch se budou vykon\u00e1vat \u010dinnosti spojen\u00e9 s meteorologick\u00fdm \u201ebriefingem\u201c, jsou nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00ed, a proto je \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9, aby byly co nejmen\u0161\u00ed. Ostatn\u00ed \u010dinnosti jsou ve vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch prostor\u00e1ch. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b technika a telekomunikace dokonce umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee mohou b\u00fdt vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek kilometr\u016f. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 t\u00e9\u017e o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee se zlep\u0161\u00ed komunikace a odborn\u00e1 informovanost mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi odbory. A lze t\u00e9\u017e p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat \u00fasporu pracovn\u00edch sil v podp\u016frn\u00fdch \u010dinnostech.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>6. Vedle ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edch firem zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se na r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch \u201eobchodov\u00e1n\u00edm s po\u010das\u00edm\u201c (nap\u0159. Meteopress, Meteogres) budou vznikat i dal\u0161\u00ed. Pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 informace z\u00edskaj\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi cestami a\u0165 ji\u017e kompilativn\u011b nebo \u00fanikem, t\u0159eba i z \u010cHM\u00da. Jak se na tuto situaci \u010cHM\u00da p\u0159ipravuje a jak\u00e1 bude politika \u00fastavu v oblasti komer\u010dn\u00edch aktivit v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch letech? <\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Politika \u010cHM\u00da v oblasti komer\u010dn\u00edch aktivit se v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch letech podstatn\u011bji nezm\u011bn\u00ed. Bude z\u0159ejm\u011b nutn\u00e9 person\u00e1ln\u011b pos\u00edlit malou skupinu lid\u00ed o odborn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed se komer\u010dn\u00edmi aktivitami zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Je nutn\u00e9 zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee nem\u016f\u017eeme o\u010dek\u00e1vat v\u00fdrazn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f, proto\u017ee se v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pohybujeme na jej\u00ed horn\u00ed hranici. V zahrani\u010dn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed k poznatku, \u017ee je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u011bnovat se rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm velk\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm. Na odstran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdch \u00fanik\u016f dat a informac\u00ed a udr\u017een\u00ed mal\u00fdch klient\u016f jsou n\u00e1klady podstatn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e je skute\u010dn\u00fd zisk z t\u00e9to \u010dinnosti. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee vznik n\u00e1rodn\u00edch a nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edch priv\u00e1tn\u00edch firem i na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed bude pokra\u010dovat. V r\u00e1mci st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9 iniciativy m\u00e1me \u201egentlemanskou dohodu\u201c a v r\u00e1mci Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace se touto problematikou zab\u00fdv\u00e1 rezoluce 40. Tyto dokumenty \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b upravuj\u00ed komer\u010dn\u00ed vztahy na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni. I nad\u00e1le se budeme sna\u017eit \u00fanik dat a informac\u00ed omezit. Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee organizace jako Meteopress a Meteogres, ale i \u010cTK jsou n\u011bkde napojen\u00e9 na na\u0161e data.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>7. Nen\u00ed tajemstv\u00edm, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina vysoko\u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f po ukon\u010den\u00ed studia hled\u00e1 mo\u017enosti dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdd\u011blku mimo meteorologick\u00e9 instituce. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u011bk zam\u011bstnanc\u016f n\u011bkter\u00fdch odd\u011blen\u00ed i vedouc\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f \u010cHM\u00da napov\u00edd\u00e1, \u017ee za 5 a\u017e 10 let bude person\u00e1ln\u00ed obsazen\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch pracovi\u0161\u0165 hodn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9. Jak\u00e9 vid\u00edte perspektivy spolupr\u00e1ce mezi Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakultou UK, event. P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeckou fakultou a \u010cHM\u00da p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u201emlad\u00e9 krve\u201c?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Tato ot\u00e1zka obsahuje dva z\u00e1sadn\u00ed probl\u00e9my. Prvn\u00ed z nich je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee star\u0161\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci se br\u00e1n\u00ed odchodu do d\u016fchodu p\u0159i dos\u00e1hnut\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho v\u011bku, proto\u017ee se jim v\u00fdrazn\u011bji sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 a u mnoh\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f je nutno zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee jejich celo\u017eivotn\u00ed z\u00e1jem byla pr\u00e1ce v \u00fastavu a nemaj\u00ed jin\u00e9ho kon\u00ed\u010dka pro voln\u00fd \u010das. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee \u00fastav by m\u011bl do budoucna vytvo\u0159it takov\u00e9 prostorov\u00e9, technick\u00e9 a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed podm\u00ednky, aby odborn\u00edci (d\u016fchodci) m\u011bli mo\u017enost doch\u00e1zet na \u00fastav, v\u011bnovat se sv\u00e9mu oboru, d\u011blat poradce vedouc\u00edm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm, konzultanty v dan\u00fdch oborech a \u0161kolitele odborn\u00fdch prac\u00ed. Druh\u00fd okruh probl\u00e9m\u016f souvis\u00ed s n\u00edzk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjmem nastupuj\u00edc\u00edch vysoko\u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f na \u00fastav. Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulta p\u0159ipravuje absolventy s vysokou odbornou erudic\u00ed a nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m, aby se tito absolventi zam\u011bstnali v jin\u00fdch oborech \u010dinnosti s podstatn\u011b lep\u0161\u00edmi platov\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se ji\u017e trh pracovn\u00ed s\u00edly v t\u00e9to oblasti napl\u0148uje a v posledn\u00edch dvou letech se n\u00e1m za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 da\u0159it z\u00edsk\u00e1vat \u201emladou krev\u201c.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>8. Se vstupem \u010cR do EU se z\u00e1sadn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed po\u017eadavky na schopnost zam\u011bstnanc\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy spolupracovat a komunikovat se sv\u00fdmi evropsk\u00fdmi partnery. Jak hodnot\u00edte p\u0159ipravenost \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch, v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch a provozn\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f \u010cHM\u00da na tuto skute\u010dnost po odborn\u00e9 a jazykov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce. Bude tato p\u0159ipravenost sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kvalifika\u010dn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed person\u00e1ln\u00edho rozvoje a tarifn\u00ed struktury \u00fastavu? Jak\u00e9 jsou vlastn\u011b z\u00e1m\u011bry ohledn\u011b do\u0161kolovac\u00edch program\u016f pro pracovn\u00edky \u010cHM\u00da? Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se s n\u011bjakou organizovanou formou nebo d\u00e1v\u00e1te p\u0159ednost osobn\u00edmu studijn\u00edmu rozvoji?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Hodnocen\u00ed p\u0159ipravenosti \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch, v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch a provozn\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f \u010cHM\u00da na vstup \u010cR do E\u00da bych rad\u011bji nechal na jin\u00fdch. Je nutno v\u0161ak konstatovat, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 \u00fastav m\u00e1 celou \u0159adu v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch programech, grantech a projektech a jsou na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni vysoce odborn\u011b hodnoceni. Jak je v\u0161eobecn\u011b zn\u00e1mo, v roce 2001 budeme p\u0159ipravovat nov\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed pracovn\u00edk\u016f do 16 t\u0159\u00edd, jeho\u017e sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed budou i nov\u00e9 popisy pr\u00e1ce v\u010detn\u011b kvalifika\u010dn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f. \u010cHM\u00da spolu s Karlovou univerzitou p\u0159ipravuje do\u0161kolovac\u00ed programy, jejich\u017e rozsah a n\u00e1pl\u0148 budou up\u0159esn\u011bny v pr\u016fb\u011bhu tohoto roku. Jedn\u00e1 se ve smyslu vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o p\u0159i akreditaci \u010cHM\u00da k univerzit\u011b v oblasti doktorsk\u00e9ho studia, postdoktorandsk\u00e9ho studia a postgradu\u00e1lu, kter\u00e9mu pracovn\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me rekvalifika\u010dn\u00ed postgradu\u00e1l. Bude ur\u010den pracovn\u00edk\u016fm s vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm z jin\u00e9ho oboru. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1hu p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1me na p\u0159\u00edpravu bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho studia, kter\u00e9 by absolvovali pracovn\u00edci s \u00fapln\u00fdm st\u0159edn\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm a kter\u00e9 by bylo zam\u011b\u0159eno krom\u011b teoretick\u00fdch z\u00e1klad\u016f na pln\u011bn\u00ed provozn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f \u00fastavu. V r\u00e1mci tohoto studia bude po\u017eadov\u00e1na i jazykov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edprava p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro pracovn\u00edky leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>9. \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav jako majoritn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b v\u017edy dbal na p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00fdch vztah\u016f a spolupr\u00e1ce s p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi organizacemi a institucemi. V oblasti meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb to byli zejm\u00e9na arm\u00e1dn\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9 (Pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed), na poli v\u00fdzkumu pak \u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR, na \u00faseku vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Katedra meteorologie a ochrany prost\u0159ed\u00ed MFF UK, ale i P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta UK v Praze a P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta MU v Brn\u011b. M\u016f\u017eete konkretizovat, v \u010dem spolupr\u00e1ce v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 a jak\u00fdmi sm\u011bry by se m\u011bla ub\u00edrat v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jak ji\u017e bylo uvedeno, \u010cHM\u00da jako nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 organizace v zemi, pln\u00ed \u00fakoly \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edho \u00fastavu st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy pro pov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 obory. Krom\u011b provozn\u00ed \u010dinnosti v\u0161ak \u010cHM\u00da v minulosti m\u011bl a i v sou\u010dasnosti m\u00e1 pom\u011brn\u011b velkou v\u00fdzkumnou slo\u017eku, kter\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k rozvoji v\u011bdn\u00edho oboru meteorologie a klimatologie i dal\u0161\u00edch obor\u016f. Veden\u00ed \u00fastavu se pravideln\u011b setk\u00e1v\u00e1 s veden\u00edmi jednotliv\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch pracovi\u0161\u0165, kde se hodnot\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce v oblasti odborn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy pracovn\u00edk\u016f a spolupr\u00e1ce v odborn\u00fdch \u010dinnostech. Abych byl konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed, \u010cHM\u00da m\u00e1 datab\u00e1zi meteorologick\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f, kterou poskytuje jednotliv\u00fdm v\u011bdeck\u00fdm pracovi\u0161t\u00edm, diplomant\u016fm a doktor\u016fm p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich prac\u00ed. Na\u0161i odborn\u00edci jsou extern\u00edmi u\u010diteli na jednotliv\u00fdch fakult\u00e1ch a univerzit\u00e1ch. Jsme zapojeni i do \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch grant\u016f, hlavn\u011b s \u00dastavem fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR a Katedrou meteorologie a ochrany prost\u0159ed\u00ed MFF UK. Spolupr\u00e1ce s arm\u00e1dn\u00ed hydrometeorologickou slu\u017ebou (Pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed) je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v provozn\u00edch oblastech. M\u00e1me zpracovanou studii o integraci civiln\u00ed a vojensk\u00e9 hydrometeorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee uveden\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce bude pokra\u010dovat i v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>10. \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1, od roku 1993 \u010cesk\u00e1 hydrometeorologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba (\u010cHMS), byla jednou ze t\u0159iceti zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace. O vysok\u00e9 presti\u017ei \u010cHMS sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed i skute\u010dnost, \u017ee prvn\u00edm gener\u00e1ln\u00edm tajemn\u00edkem SMO byl Gustav Swoboda, do sv\u00e9ho \u00fat\u011bku p\u0159ed fa\u0161ismem ob\u010dan \u010ceskoslovenska, a \u017ee \u0159editel \u010cHM\u00da jako st\u00e1l\u00fd z\u00e1stupce \u010cR byl n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t zvolen do vrcholn\u00e9ho org\u00e1nu SMO &#8211; V\u00fdkonn\u00e9 rady. Je \u010cHM\u00da jako hlavn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel \u010cHMS \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm pokra\u010dovatelem tradic mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce? Rozv\u00edj\u00ed se tato spolupr\u00e1ce dynamicky nebo jde o setrval\u00fd stav?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jsme si v\u011bdomi v\u00fdznamu osoby Gustava Swobody pro SMO, a stejn\u011b tak i dal\u0161\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed v org\u00e1nech SMO pracovali (Hrbek, D\u0159evikovsk\u00fd, Novotn\u00fd, Dvo\u0159\u00e1k a dal\u0161\u00ed) V posledn\u00edch deseti letech se n\u00e1m do org\u00e1n\u016f SMO nepoda\u0159ilo prosadit \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho na\u0161eho kandid\u00e1ta. Naproti tomu spolupr\u00e1ce se i nad\u00e1le vyv\u00edj\u00ed, a to formou p\u0159\u00edpravy r\u016fzn\u00fdch odborn\u00fdch akc\u00ed a setk\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u010cHM\u00da organizuje, jako\u017e i vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich odborn\u00edk\u016f do komis\u00ed SMO. \u010cHM\u00da poskytuje technickou pomoc rozvojov\u00fdm zem\u00edm. Jedn\u00e1 se o pomoc p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v oblasti \u0161kolen\u00ed pracovn\u00edk\u016f na m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat pomoc\u00ed Dobsonova spektrofotometru. Tuto \u010dinnost vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 specializovan\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, kde jsme \u0161kolili odborn\u00edky z Asie, Afriky a Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriky. Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a ozonov\u00e1 observato\u0159 v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 je metodick\u00fdm a kalibra\u010dn\u00edm pracovi\u0161t\u011bm SMO &#8211; RA VI. Technickou pomoc t\u00e9\u017e poskytujeme v oblasti klimatick\u00fdch datab\u00e1z\u00ed. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, krom\u011b vy\u0161kolen\u00ed odborn\u00edk\u016f, \u010cHM\u00da poskytuje i hardwarov\u00e9 prost\u0159edky. M\u016f\u017eeme konstatovat, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 \u00fastav je zapojen do n\u011bkolika mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch dvoustrann\u00fdch i v\u00edcestrann\u00fdch spoluprac\u00ed (nap\u0159. s M\u00e9t\u00e9o France a N\u00e1rodn\u00edm meteorologick\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159adem USA). R\u00e1d uv\u00e1d\u00edm, \u017ee \u010cHM\u00da m\u011bl jako jeden z prvn\u00edch postkomunistick\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f legalizov\u00e1n vztah s EUMETSATem a na tuto slu\u017ebu p\u0159isp\u00edval. S radost\u00ed mohu konstatovat, \u017ee vl\u00e1da \u010cR sv\u00fdm usnesen\u00edm z prosince minul\u00e9ho roku odsouhlasila vstup \u010cR do Evropsk\u00e9ho centra pro st\u0159edn\u011bdobou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f (ECMWF). Bylo by mo\u017en\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ipomenout r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhrani\u010dn\u00ed odborn\u00e9 aktivity, aktivity na\u0161ich zam\u011bstnanc\u016f v org\u00e1nech Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace civiln\u00edho letectv\u00ed apod. V z\u00e1v\u011bru je nutno si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee samotn\u00e9 SMO je ve stavu v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 reorganizace. P\u016fvodn\u00ed \u201ezakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed listina\u201c v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m a p\u0159ipravuje se nov\u00e1. T\u00edm, \u017ee SMO m\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det \u010dlen\u016f (st\u00e1t\u016f), jej\u00ed formulace a odsouhlasen\u00ed potrv\u00e1 \u0159adu let. P\u0159i \u00favah\u00e1ch o nov\u00e9m zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed SMO se t\u00e9\u017e hovo\u0159\u00ed o pod\u00edlu priv\u00e1tn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb v \u010dinnosti SMO. V\u0161echny tyto aktivity jsou zam\u011b\u0159eny na zefektivn\u011bn\u00ed a zlevn\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9to organizace.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>11. Pane n\u00e1m\u011bstku, vra\u0165me se s jistou licenc\u00ed k n\u00e1zvu na\u0161e-ho rozhovoru. Z Va\u0161ich odpov\u011bd\u00ed vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee meteorologie v \u010cHM\u00da pro\u0161la \u0159adou v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch zm\u011bn na \u00faseku odborn\u00e9m, technologick\u00e9m i organiza\u010dn\u00edm, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly p\u0159isp\u011bt k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu zefektivn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti slu\u017eby. Gordon A. McBean, gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel Kanadsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, uvedl v \u010dl\u00e1nku P\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed pro 21. stolet\u00ed [Meteorol. Zpr., 52, 1999, s. 129-133], \u017ee: \u201eBudoucnost spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v integrovan\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed &#8211; optimalizovan\u00e9 s\u00edti ur\u010den\u00e9 k poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed komplexn\u00edch atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch, hydrologick\u00fdch, povrchov\u00fdch a oce\u00e1nick\u00fdch dat k uspokojen\u00ed st\u00e1le rostouc\u00edch pot\u0159eb nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kategori\u00ed klient\u016f. Se zv\u011bt\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm se rozsahem p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed budou m\u00edt n\u00e1rodn\u00ed slu\u017eby v 21. stolet\u00ed mo\u017enost st\u00e1t se organizacemi, kter\u00e9 sv\u00e9 ob\u010dany a vl\u00e1dy varuj\u00ed a informuj\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch ve spojit\u011b se posouvaj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dasov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku od n\u011bkolika minut po n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed, nap\u0159. varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed torn\u00e1dem minuty p\u0159edem, p\u0159ed zimn\u00ed bou\u0159kou a smogov\u00fdmi situacemi n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed p\u0159edem, p\u0159ed povodn\u011bmi a suchem t\u00fddny p\u0159edem a zm\u011bnami klimatu desetilet\u00ed p\u0159edem\u201c. Jde o vizi nebo re\u00e1ln\u00fd odhad v\u00fdvoje? Anebo je\u0161t\u011b jinak: jak\u00e1 bude na\u0161e meteorologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba za deset let?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">J\u00e1 jsem si podrobn\u011b vyslechl p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku Gordona A. McBeana na posledn\u00edm kongresu. Jeho p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka hodn\u011b zaujala nejen mne. Souhlas\u00edm s jeho n\u00e1zory, \u017ee c\u00edl a budoucnost meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v integrovan\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Slu\u017eby budou poskytovat komplexn\u00ed informace o atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch a hydrologick\u00fdch procesech k uspokojen\u00ed st\u00e1le rostouc\u00edch pot\u0159eb nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kategori\u00ed klient\u016f s po\u017eadavkem vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 prov\u00e1zanosti a zp\u011btn\u00e9 vazby klienta se slu\u017ebou. Krom\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00edch informac\u00ed pro chod n\u011bkter\u00fdch organizac\u00ed a podnik\u016f (energetika, plyn\u00e1rny, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed apod.) bude kladen d\u016fraz na varov\u00e1n\u00ed a informov\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1dy a ob\u010dan\u016f, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch jev\u016f spojen\u00fdch s po\u010das\u00edm a upozor\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed na mo\u017en\u00e9 zm\u011bny klimatu na desetilet\u00ed dop\u0159edu. Jak jsem u\u017e \u0159ekl, v podstatn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti souhlas\u00edm, \u017ee je to re\u00e1ln\u00fd odhad v\u00fdvoje. V\u017edy\u0165 u\u017e v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se \u201epotichu\u201c mluv\u00ed o integrovan\u00e9 (jednotn\u00e9) Evropsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b. Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed a dat distan\u010dn\u00edmi metodami ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e sma\u017ee z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi slu\u017ebami. V sou\u010dasnosti stoj\u00ed p\u0159ed odborn\u00edky \u00fakol v\u011bnovat se asimilaci dat, z\u00edskan\u00fdch nap\u0159. z radar\u016f a dru\u017eic, do model\u016f. Po\u017eadavek na kvalitn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f v \u010dasov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku od n\u011bkolika minut a\u017e po n\u011bkolik let podpo\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj nov\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f na zabezpe\u010den\u00ed t\u011bchto p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed. Na ot\u00e1zku, jak\u00e1 bude na\u0161e meteorologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba za deset let, mohu \u0159\u00edct n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee v\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee v roce 2030 budou zabezpe\u010dovat m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry a hydrosf\u00e9ry jenom automaty, pak v roce 2010 bude n\u00e1\u0161 \u00fastav vypadat p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jako te\u010f, ale \u201enastartuje\u201c prom\u011bna \u00fastavu v oblasti pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f. Vliv jednotlivc\u016f na rozvoj \u00fastavu bude men\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti si dovol\u00edm ocitovat z p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky Prof. Dr. Studni\u010dky ze dne 4. 7. 1880, ve kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201eP\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u00e1hla se m\u00e1 snaha k tomu, abych pozvolna za\u0159\u00eddil, pokud sahaly skromn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky na\u0161\u00ed mizern\u011b dotovan\u00e9 kommisse pro v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum \u010cech, co mo\u017en\u00e1 hustou s\u00ed\u0165 de\u0161\u0165om\u011brn\u00fdch stanic s pozorovateli spolehliv\u00fdmi, co\u017e se mi v n\u011bkolika letech p\u0159i hojn\u00fdch zn\u00e1mostech osobn\u00edch dosti dob\u0159e vyda\u0159ilo \u201c. Kdy\u017e to stru\u010dn\u011b shrnu, bude doch\u00e1zet k integraci, kterou m\u016f\u017eeme nazvat nepopul\u00e1rn\u00edm v\u00fdrazem \u201eglobalizace\u201c. Bude na \u00farovni a kvalit\u011b n\u00e1rodn\u00edch slu\u017eeb, aby zabezpe\u010dily odborn\u00fd vliv na tyto aktivity a alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00ed charakter slu\u017eeb.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Rozhovor se uskute\u010dnil v lednu 2001.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>MZ 2001\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 54, str. 1-4<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-95ebabc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"95ebabc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b2f1f31\" data-id=\"b2f1f31\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e7f12c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2e7f12c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4b65ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4b65ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">JAN KYSEL\u00dd Z\u00cdSKAL CENU MINISTRA \u0160KOLSTV\u00cd, ML\u00c1DE\u017dE A T\u011aLOV\u00ddCHOVY<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bb24cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6bb24cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Ministr \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1de\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy \u010cR ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b ud\u011bluje cenu Talent roku mlad\u00fdm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm do 26 let, kte\u00ad\u0159\u00ed dos\u00e1hli v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve \u010dtvrtek 22. \u010dervna 2000 p\u0159evzal z rukou ministra Eduarda Zemana cenu Talent 99 Mgr. Jan Kysel\u00fd, postgradu\u00ad\u00e1ln\u00ed student Katedry meteorologie a ochrany prost\u0159ed\u00ed MFF UK a zam\u011bstnanec \u00dastavu fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR. Spolu s n\u00edm tuto cenu z\u00edskalo sedm dal\u0161\u00edch mlad\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch pra\u00adcovn\u00edk\u016f, d\u00e1le pak ministr ud\u011blil n\u011bkolik \u010destn\u00fdch uzn\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina ocen\u011bn\u00fdch pracuje v oblasti p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch v\u011bd. Jan Kysel\u00fd z\u00edskal cenu za soubor \u010dty\u0159 prac\u00ed zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se problematikou hork\u00fdch vln. Dv\u011b z nich byly oti\u0161t\u011bny v Me\u00adteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch, jedna vy\u0161la v \u010dasopise Studia geophysica et geodaetica a jedna v presti\u017en\u00edm \u010dasopise Climatic Change. V\u0161echny \u010dty\u0159i studie vych\u00e1zej\u00ed z diplomov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce Mgr. Kysel\u00e9ho a jeho p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9 doktorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, je\u017e ved\u00adla a vede doc. Jaroslava Kalvov\u00e1.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ocen\u011bn\u00fd soubor prac\u00ed se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na v\u00fdskytem hor\u00adk\u00fdch vln v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, jejich vazbou k atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 cir\u00adkulaci a validaci jejich charakteristik v modelech v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 cirkulace atmosf\u00e9ry. O ud\u011blen\u00ed ceny Mgr. Kysel\u00e9mu rozhod\u00adla mimo jin\u00e9 i skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o prvn\u00ed komplexn\u00ed ana\u00adl\u00fdzu hork\u00fdch vln na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR na z\u00e1klad\u011b jednozna\u010dn\u00e9ho objektivn\u00edho krit\u00e9ria a o v\u016fbec prvn\u00ed anal\u00fdzu (i v celosv\u011bto\u00adv\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku) hork\u00fdch vln ve v\u00fdstupech z cirkula\u010dn\u00edch mode\u00adl\u016f a prvn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum jejich zm\u011bn zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch zes\u00edlen\u00edm skle\u00adn\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu. Celkem p\u0159\u00edzna\u010dn\u011b prob\u011bhlo ud\u00edlen\u00ed cen v den, kdy vyvrcholila vlna \u010dervnov\u00fdch veder.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Za v\u0161echny spolupracovn\u00edky p\u0159eji Mgr. Kysel\u00e9mu hodn\u011b chuti do dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce a mnoho \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f v jeho pr\u00e1v\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 kari\u00e9\u0159e.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radan Huth, MZ 2000\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 53, str. 123<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-19399e9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"19399e9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41482c7\" data-id=\"41482c7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59aa763 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"59aa763\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54e332c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"54e332c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">K 80. V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd \u010cESKOSLOVENSK\u00c9 HYDROMETEOROLOGICK\u00c9 SLU\u017dBY<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63d8131 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63d8131\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Na z\u00e1v\u011br minul\u00e9ho roku p\u0159ipadlo v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u010desko\u00adslovensk\u00e9 hydrometeorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 jsme si p\u0159ipomn\u011bli v Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch n\u011bkolika bilan\u010dn\u00edmi a v\u00fd\u00adhledov\u00fdmi \u010dl\u00e1nky (MZ, 42,1999, \u010d. 6). K tomuto v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1\u00addal \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav 18. listopadu 1999 slav\u00adnostn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed, na kter\u00e9m byla vzpomenuta historie, p\u0159i\u00adpomenuta sou\u010dasnost a nazna\u010deny i cesty budouc\u00edho rozvoje.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti byli veden\u00edm \u00fastavu za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch host\u016f ocen\u011bni zaslou\u017eil\u00ed pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu a spo\u00adlupracuj\u00edc\u00edch organizac\u00ed plaketami. Na shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed pronesl projev i profesor RNDr. Jan Bedn\u00e1\u0159, CSc, vedouc\u00ed Katedry meteorologie a ochrany prost\u0159ed\u00ed Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakul\u00adty UK, ve kter\u00e9m ozvl\u00e1\u0161tnil meteorologii jako integruj\u00edc\u00ed obor zasahuj\u00edc\u00ed do mnoha oblast\u00ed \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka a spole\u010dnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jsme p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee my\u0161lenky profesora Bedn\u00e1\u0159e zau\u00adjmou \u0161irokou obec \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v a budou podn\u011btn\u00e9 pro meteorologii v obecn\u00e9m slova smyslu. Projev profesora Bedn\u00e1\u0159e proto otiskujeme v pln\u00e9m zn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Redakce<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Sv\u016fj kr\u00e1tk\u00fd pozdravn\u00fd proslov k 80. jubileu Meteorolo\u00adgick\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edho \u010ceskoslovenska bych cht\u011bl zalo\u017eit na chv\u00e1le pronesen\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di samotn\u00e9 meteorologii. Tento mo\u017eno \u0159\u00edci chvalozp\u011bv se pokus\u00edm op\u0159\u00edt o p\u011bt sloup\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Sloup prvn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Meteorologie obdivuhodn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem syntetizuje a har\u00admonizuje d\u011bdictv\u00ed prakticky cel\u00e9 klasick\u00e9 fyziky, nebo\u0165 orga\u00adnicky v sob\u011b zahrnuje a tvo\u0159iv\u011b aplikuje mechaniku, hydro\u00addynamiku, termodynamiku, fyziku z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed fyzi\u00adku, optiku, akustiku, elekt\u0159inu a magnetismus, m\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u00ed vazby k astronomii atd. Podivuhodn\u011b tak reprezentuje onen vzestupn\u00fd oblouk postupn\u011b se rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edho lidsk\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1n\u00ed od \u0159eck\u00fdch filozof\u016f ke Galileimu, Newtonovi a d\u00e1le a\u017e po 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Sloup druh\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Presti\u017e\u00ed snad ka\u017ed\u00e9 v\u011bdn\u00ed discipl\u00edny je schopnost progn\u00f3\u00adzy. A\u0165 ji\u017e jde o p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f v\u00fdsledk\u016f experiment\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch hypot\u00e9z, \u010dasov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj materi\u00e1ln\u00edch objekt\u016f \u010di spole\u010densk\u00e9ho d\u011bn\u00ed. A pr\u00e1v\u011b zde jde meteorologie ze sv\u00e9 v\u016fle nep\u0159edstaviteln\u011b daleko. Zat\u00edmco v jin\u00fdch v\u011bdn\u00edch oborech se mnohdy pova\u017euje za velk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch pouze \u0159\u00e1dov\u00e1 shoda kvan\u00adtitativn\u011b vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e9 progn\u00f3zy se skute\u010dnost\u00ed, je\u017e je dostupn\u00e1<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jan Bedn\u00e1\u0159 (The Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles&#8217; University, Prague)<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">pouze zasv\u011bcen\u00fdm odborn\u00edk\u016fm v uzav\u0159en\u00e9 laborato\u0159i, meteo\u00adrologie se sama vystavuje riziku ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 kritiky, kdy krit\u00e9ri\u00adem pro hodnocen\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti progn\u00f3zy je n\u011bkdy doslova to, zda ur\u010dit\u00e9mu ob\u010danu spadne na nos de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 kapka.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Sloup t\u0159et\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Rozvoj v\u011bdy m\u00e1 dva hlavn\u00ed hybatele. Prvn\u00edm je p\u0159irozen\u00e1 touha lidsk\u00e9ho rozumu po pozn\u00e1n\u00ed jako takov\u00e9m, druh\u00fdm mo\u017enosti praktick\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed usnad\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch a obohacuj\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivot \u010dlov\u011bka. V d\u011bjin\u00e1ch v\u011bdy lze nal\u00e9zt mnoh\u00e1 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o tom, \u017ee tito dva hybatel\u00e9 mezi sebou vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed n\u011bkdy plod\u00adn\u00e1, jindy v\u0161ak i disharmonick\u00e1 nap\u011bt\u00ed. T\u011b\u017eko v\u0161ak nalezneme dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdn\u00ed obor, kde jsou, a to, neboj\u00edm se \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee ze sam\u00e9 podstaty v\u011bci, v tak vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9m pom\u011bru jako v meteorologii.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Sloup \u010dtvrt\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na p\u016fd\u011b meteorologie vzniklo na po\u010d\u00e1tku druh\u00e9 poloviny 20. stolet\u00ed n\u011bco, co se posl\u00e9ze vyvinulo v teorii neline\u00e1rn\u00edch dynamick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f \u010di teorii tzv. deterministick\u00e9ho chaosu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v meteorologii tak klasick\u00e1 fyzika do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry p\u0159eko\u00adn\u00e1v\u00e1 sama sebe, kdy\u017e pootev\u00edr\u00e1 sm\u011brem k nov\u00e9 kvalit\u011b sv\u016fj dosud snad p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 t\u011bsn\u00fd striktn\u011b deterministick\u00fd r\u00e1mec.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Sloup p\u00e1t\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z hlediska \u0159adov\u00e9ho ob\u010dana v sou\u010dasn\u00e9, optimismem nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 opl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed dob\u011b, je to asi sloup nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Meteorologie n\u00e1m pozved\u00e1 hlavu i zrak k obloze. K t\u00e9 obloze, na n\u00ed\u017e je v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina kr\u00e1sy sv\u011bta. Polovina, jak kdysi \u0159\u00edkal prof. Hanzl\u00edk, je v oblac\u00edch, ale na nebi m\u00e1me i mnoh\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed kr\u00e1sy v podob\u011b \u0159ady optick\u00fdch jev\u016f \u010di prost\u00fdch t\u00f3n\u016f mod\u0159e oblohy. Ale meteorologie n\u00e1m sou\u010dasn\u011b nal\u00e9ha\u00adv\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee v\u017edy nutno po\u010d\u00edtat s t\u00edm, \u017ee na\u0161e nohy nemo\u00adhou spo\u010dinout jinde ne\u017e na zemi, tzn. \u010dasto i v prachu cest nebo bl\u00e1t\u011b. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd meteorolog p\u0159ece nem\u016f\u017ee zapomenout, \u017ee zemsk\u00fd povrch tvo\u0159\u00ed neopomenutelnou p\u0159irozenou okrajovou podm\u00ednku pro v\u0161echny atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 d\u011bje.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Potom, co jsem p\u0159ednesl tuto chv\u00e1lu na meteorologii, vra\u0165me se na okam\u017eik k \u010cesk\u00e9mu hydrometeorologick\u00e9mu \u00fastavu. Jist\u011b nesn\u00ed\u017e\u00edm v\u00fdznam instituc\u00ed vychov\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch nap\u0159. vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 studenty meteorologie \u010di zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdmi \u00fakoly ve fyzice atmosf\u00e9ry, zd\u016frazn\u00edme-li jeho dvojjedinou, neodmyslitelnou a nezastupitelnou roli: integro\u00advat jednotliv\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti a slo\u017eky meteorologie vz\u00e1jemn\u011b v harmo\u00adnick\u00fd celek a sou\u010dasn\u011b integrovat meteorologii nejen k dal\u0161\u00edm v\u011bdn\u00edm discipl\u00edn\u00e1m, ale doslova do cel\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Jan Bedn\u00e1\u0159, MZ 2000\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 53, str. 1-3<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-63378de elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"63378de\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34ff3ac\" data-id=\"34ff3ac\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-058ab4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"058ab4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7033f59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7033f59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Slavnostn\u00ed zah\u00e1jen\u00ed provozu superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cbf098e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cbf098e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti p\u0159edstavitel\u016f Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho pro\u00adst\u0159ed\u00ed, \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, Ministerstva \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1de\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy, arm\u00e1\u00addy, tisku i dal\u0161\u00edch host\u016f, byl 28. ledna 1999 slavnostn\u011b zah\u00e1\u00adjen provoz superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de NEC SX-4, pracuj\u00edc\u00edho dosud ve zku\u00ad\u0161ebn\u00edm provozu v \u010cHM\u00da v Praze-Komo\u0159anech. Se sv\u00fdmi \u010dty\u0159\u00admi gigabity opera\u010dn\u00ed pam\u011bti je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nejv\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem v \u010cesku. I kdy\u017e \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v ji\u017e byli o aktivit\u00e1ch spojen\u00fdch s po\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm tohoto superpo\u010d\u00edta\u00ad\u010de informov\u00e1ni, zrekapitulujeme alespo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed oz\u0159ejmuj\u00edc\u00ed fakta.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pot\u0159eba z\u00edskat dostate\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdkonn\u00fd superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d pro para\u00adleln\u00ed a vektorov\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed se v \u010cesku objevila po\u010d\u00e1tkem 90. let, a to jak v meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b (\u010cHM\u00da), tak i v akademick\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 komunit\u011b (\u00dastav termomechaniky AV \u010cR, Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav AV \u010cR, vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly apod.). Kdysi \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d Cray Y-MP-L, kter\u00fd byl instalov\u00e1n ve Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fastavu AV \u010cR, sv\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem ji\u017e nesta\u010dil uspokojovat pot\u0159eby v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry. Nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti v\u011bdeck\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce po r. 1989 urychlily nutnost z\u00e1sadn\u00edho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b 90. let vyvinuli \u010de\u0161t\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9 spo\u00adle\u010dn\u011b s Franci\u00ed a n\u011bkter\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy lok\u00e1ln\u00ed model numerick\u00e9ho modelov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fd pod zkratkou ALADIN. Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed numerick\u00e9ho modelu m\u00e1 specifick\u00e9 n\u00e1roky &#8211; vy\u017eaduje dvakr\u00e1t denn\u011b ca kolem jedn\u00e9 hodiny plnou kapaci\u00adtu v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho vektorov\u011b-paraleln\u00edho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, aby byl model spo\u010dten dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle a mohl b\u00fdt vyu\u017eit aktu\u00e1ln\u011b pro p\u0159ed\u00adpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed aplikace. Pro zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st denn\u00ed kapacity je superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d prakticky voln\u00fd pro v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">My\u0161lenka spole\u010dn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed modelu na superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010di pro st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropu vznikla ji\u017e v roce 1990. Av\u0161ak teprve v roce 1994 zalo\u017eily zem\u011b st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy (\u010cesko, Slovensko, Slovinsko, Chorvatsko, Ma\u010farsko, Rakousko) spole\u010dn\u00fd pro\u00adjekt vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9ho centra pro numerick\u00e9 modelov\u00e1n\u00ed v omezen\u00e9m prostoru (LACE) p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 kapacity. Po mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9m \u00fasil\u00ed (zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f) poda\u0159ilo se \u010cHM\u00da na z\u00e1klad\u011b tendru vybrat vektorov\u011b paraleln\u00ed superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d SX-4 od japonsk\u00e9 firmy NEC, kter\u00fd byl v \u00fastavu instalov\u00e1n. I kdy\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm faktorem p\u0159i rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de byla nutnost zlep\u0161en\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi, po\u010d\u00edtalo se od po\u010d\u00e1tku se \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm multidisciplin\u00e1rn\u00edm vyu\u017eit\u00edm.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pro meteorologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely je kapacita superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de vyu\u00ad\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na zhruba z jedn\u00e9 poloviny a na tyto provozn\u00ed n\u00e1klady p\u0159i\u00adsp\u00edvaj\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 zem\u011b sdru\u017een\u00e9 v projektu LACE. V \u010cHM\u00da se dvakr\u00e1t denn\u011b po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 model ALADIN pro oblast st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy ze vstupn\u00edch dat z glob\u00e1ln\u00edho modelu ARPEGE. Pro\u00addukty modelu jsou pak p\u0159es V\u00edde\u0148 pravideln\u011b distribuov\u00e1ny do v\u0161ech \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f LACE. Superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d slou\u017e\u00ed i pro v\u00fdchovu nov\u00e9 generace meteorolog\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u010cHM\u00da nab\u00eddl volnou kapacitu superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de \u010desk\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 komunit\u011b. Partnerem se stal \u00dastav termomechaniky AV \u010cR, kter\u00fd z\u00edskal pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky na provoz 50% kapacity z programu \u201eRozvoj informa\u010dn\u00ed infrastruktury pro v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj &#8211; INFRA 2&#8243; od Ministerstva \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1\u00adde\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na projektu se pod\u00edlej\u00ed i pracovn\u00edci Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se dal\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed ze strany v\u011bdeck\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f AV, vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol i student\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a organizaci pr\u00e1ce (programov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed, roz\u00add\u011blen\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edch kapacit apod.) byla z\u0159\u00edzena spr\u00e1vn\u00ed rada projektu. Vzniklo virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed st\u0159edisko Meteor, kter\u00e9 organizuje v\u00fdpo\u010dty na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, a pro zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9 dokumentace byl vytvo\u0159en internetovsk\u00fd server. Na superpo\u00ad\u010d\u00edta\u010di lze po\u010d\u00edtat i na d\u00e1lku s vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed -p\u0159ipravuje se i p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 s\u00edti PASNET.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 1999\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 52, str. 16<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b349d5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3b349d5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b447bf1\" data-id=\"b447bf1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2ef5f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e2ef5f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"206\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1999_strnad0001-300x206.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9495\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1999_strnad0001-300x206.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1999_strnad0001-768x528.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1999_strnad0001.jpg 1016w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c5178e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9c5178e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meteorologick\u00e9 publikace kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho astronoma Anton\u00edna Strnada (1746-1799)<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58cc629 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58cc629\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">23. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1999 uplynulo 200 let od \u00famrt\u00ed pr\u016fkopn\u00edka \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie Anton\u00edna Strnada, jeho\u017e v\u00fdznam byl podrobn\u011b\u00adji nast\u00edn\u011bn na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v p\u0159ed t\u0159emi lety v souvislosti s 250. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00edm jeho narozen\u00ed [6], Dopl\u0148kem byl p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek o Strnadov\u011b popularizaci n\u00e1zor\u016f G. Toalda u n\u00e1s [7], V tomto navazuj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku bychom cht\u011bli p\u0159ede\u00adv\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ipomenout jeho odkaz v podob\u011b pozoruhodn\u00e9ho sou\u00adboru meteorologick\u00fdch publikac\u00ed z let 1775-1795.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/meteorologicke-publikace-kralovskeho-astronoma-antonina-strnada-1746-1799\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-45a7b42 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"45a7b42\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4872e2b\" data-id=\"4872e2b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92f7560 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"92f7560\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9337ba5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9337ba5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ZASED\u00c1N\u00cd EUMETSATU V PRAZE<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03819ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03819ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159editele \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu uspo\u0159\u00e1dal EUMETSAT v Praze ve dnech 26. a 27. b\u0159ezna 1998 2. f\u00f3rum \u0159editel\u016f meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb st\u00e1t\u016f st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">EUMETSAT je mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace, kter\u00e1 z\u0159izuje a udr\u017euje operativn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 dru\u017eice pro 17 z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Ze s\u00eddla sv\u00e9 organizace v Darmstadtu provozuje EUMETSAT sv\u00e9 dru\u017eice Meteosat.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Kontroln\u00ed st\u0159edisko v Darmstadtu je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pozemn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd zahrnuje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pozemn\u00ed stanici ve Fucinu v It\u00e1lii a d\u00e1le stanice v Bracknelu (Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie), Toulouse a \u0158\u00edm\u011b. Sn\u00edmky a data z Meteosatu jsou v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem k p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch jev\u016f v Evrop\u011b a okoln\u00edch kontinentech.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Programy geostacion\u00e1rn\u00edch dru\u017eic EUMETSAT budou pokra\u010dovat v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 podob\u011b nejm\u00e9n\u011b do roku 2003 a syst\u00e9m druh\u00e9 generace na obdob\u00ed do roku 2012 je ve v\u00fdvoji. Prob\u00edhaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na nov\u00e9m pol\u00e1rn\u00edm dru\u017eicov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu &#8211; prvn\u00ed vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se pl\u00e1nuje na za\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9ho tis\u00edcilet\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zased\u00e1n\u00ed v Praze se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo 11 zem\u00ed: Alb\u00e1nie, Bosny a Hercegoviny, \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, Chorvatska, Estonska, Ma\u010farska, Loty\u0161ska, Polska, Rumunska, Slovenska a Slovinska. Za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti \u0159editele EUMETSATu Dr. Tillmana Mohra byli \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci sezn\u00e1meni s politikou a slu\u017ebami EUMETSATu v\u010detn\u011b mo\u017enost\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edho pro\u0161kolen\u00ed. Podle rozhodnut\u00ed rady EUMETSATu z minul\u00e9ho roku maj\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 zem\u011b mo\u017enost uzav\u0159\u00edt s organizac\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed dohodu, kter\u00e1 zajist\u00ed stejn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a povinnosti pro p\u0159\u00edstup a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed produkovan\u00fdch dat a slu\u017eeb jako \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm \u010dlen\u016fm, ale s finan\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem ve v\u00fd\u0161i 50 % pln\u00e9ho \u010dlensk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku. Dohoda by umo\u017enila z\u00edskat pozd\u011bji pln\u00e9 \u010dlenstv\u00ed v organizaci.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 EUMETSATu v diskusi zodpov\u011bd\u011bli \u0159adu dotaz\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se mo\u017en\u00fdch technick\u00fdch a odborn\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f vznikl\u00fdch v proces\u016f p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k organizaci. Postoj z\u00e1stupc\u016f meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00ed byl vesm\u011bs pozitivn\u00ed, a proto lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat i brzk\u00e9 stvrzen\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce na form\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u0161ichni z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili spokojenost jak s odborn\u00fdm pr\u016fb\u011bhem, tak i s organiza\u010dn\u00edm a spole\u010densk\u00fdm zabezpe\u010den\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00ed v Praze.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, <\/em><em>MZ 1998\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 51, str. 91<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-52150eb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52150eb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d805f91\" data-id=\"d805f91\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c7ef3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3c7ef3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d74d63f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d74d63f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">www.chmi.cz<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9078dc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9078dc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V polovin\u011b roku 1997 byly zprovozn\u011bny webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Radim Tolasz, \u00fastn\u00ed sd\u011blen\u00ed, 25.1.2017<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9cfeee3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9cfeee3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4cfd921\" data-id=\"4cfd921\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-904072a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"904072a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-133c7cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"133c7cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Neopomenuteln\u00e1 publika\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed a pou\u010den\u00ed z nich<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9882b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f9882b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Rok 1997 p\u0159edstavuje pro \u010deskoslovenskou, resp. \u010deskou meteorologii a klimatologii, rok n\u011bkolika z\u00e1kladn\u00edch publika\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s l\u00e9ty 1907, 1937, 1947 a 1957.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159ed devades\u00e1ti lety publikoval prof. S. Hanzl\u00edk ve V\u011bstn\u00edku Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nauk svoji objevnou mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b v\u00fdznamnou studii O studen\u00fdch a tepl\u00fdch anticyklon\u00e1ch, ve kter\u00e9 teoreticky zd\u016fvodnil zat\u00edm nedefinovanou v\u00fd\u0161kovou teplou anticyklonu.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/neopominutelna-publikacni-vyroci-a-pouceni-z-nich\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8c9b404 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8c9b404\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-88c7050\" data-id=\"88c7050\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e34ad67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e34ad67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da42c13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"da42c13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povode\u0148 v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v \u010dervenci 1997<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0d4c5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c0d4c5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">\u010cervencov\u00e1 povode\u0148 v roce 1997 byla v\u00fdjime\u010dnou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch nebyla v tomto stolet\u00ed zaznamen\u00e1na. Dokumentuj\u00ed to i obrovsk\u00e9 materi\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kody odhadovan\u00e9 na \u0161edes\u00e1t miliard korun a 50 lidsk\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed. Proto je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed vzniku t\u00e9to povodn\u011b nejen z pohledu hydrolog\u016f, ale i na z\u00e1klad\u011b meteorologick\u00fdch a klimatologick\u00fdch znalost\u00ed. Povode\u0148 ve sv\u00fdch mnohostrann\u00fdch d\u016fsledc\u00edch zas\u00e1hla nejen obyvatelstvo v posti\u017een\u00fdch oblastech, ale tak\u00e9 d\u016fkladn\u011b prov\u011b\u0159ila syst\u00e9m protipovod\u0148ov\u00e9 ochrany \u010cR a odhalila n\u011bkter\u00e9 jeho nedostatky, zejm\u00e9na v sou\u010dinnosti organizac\u00ed a instituc\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch resort\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Je t\u0159eba co nejd\u016fkladn\u011bji posoudit v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny, kter\u00e9 k \u010dervencov\u00e9 povodni vedly, a proto inicioval \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav (\u010cHM\u00da) spolu s redak\u010dn\u00ed radou vyd\u00e1n\u00ed tematick\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla \u010dasopisu Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 pom\u011brn\u011b rychle, a p\u0159itom v dostate\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159i, problematiku \u010dervencov\u00e9 povodn\u011b 1997 obs\u00e1hne.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Obsah povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla MZ ve form\u00e1tu pdf naleznete v z\u00e1lo\u017ece Po\u010das\u00ed v \u010cesku<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Ivan Obrusn\u00edk, \u00favodn\u00ed text tematick\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla MZ k povodni v \u010dervenci 1997, MZ 1997\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 50<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-240217e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"240217e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a03e96e\" data-id=\"a03e96e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89a66c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"89a66c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-675c75c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"675c75c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stolet\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na Lys\u00e9 ho\u0159e<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8716bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e8716bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">K\u00a0p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed zah\u00e1jen\u00ed pravideln\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed sto lety, dne 15. \u010dervence 1897, byl na Lys\u00e9 ho\u0159e (1\u00a0323 m n. m.) v\u00a0Beskydech uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n ve dnech 28. a\u017e 29. kv\u011btna 1997 kr\u00e1tk\u00fd odborn\u00fd semin\u00e1\u0159 s\u00a0exkurz\u00ed na meteorologickou stanici. Oslavy v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed t\u00e9to dlouh\u00e9 \u0159ady horsk\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed (bohu\u017eel i s\u00a0n\u011bkolika p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00edmi) byly ukon\u010deny p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm posezen\u00edm \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, ke kter\u00fdm pat\u0159ili z\u00e1stupci veden\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da, SHM\u00da, podniku Povod\u00ed Odry, pobo\u010dky \u010cHM\u00da Ostrava, starostka obce Kr\u00e1sn\u00e1, vedouc\u00ed stanic severomoravsk\u00e9ho kraje a pozvan\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00ed pracovn\u00edci MS Lys\u00e1 hora.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Odborn\u00fd semin\u00e1\u0159 zah\u00e1jil n\u00e1m\u011bstek \u0159editele pro meteorologii a klimatologii \u010cHM\u00da RNDr. Mari\u00e1n Wolek. Po p\u0159iv\u00edtac\u00edm \u00favodn\u00edm projevu pak \u0159editel \u010cHM\u00da Ing. Ivan Obrusn\u00edk, DrSc. p\u0159edal t\u0159em b\u00fdval\u00fdm dlouholet\u00fdm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm stanice Ladislavu Hrto\u0148ovi, Vladim\u00edru Ondruchovi st. A Du\u0161anu Rodovsk\u00e9mu vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eVzorn\u00fd pozorovatel\u201c a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed za ob\u011btavou pr\u00e1ci pro \u00fastav s\u00a0p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edm zdrav\u00ed a pohody na zaslou\u017een\u00e9m odpo\u010dinku.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na semin\u00e1\u0159i odezn\u011blo celkem p\u011bt hlavn\u00edch refer\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 se zab\u00fdvaly vesm\u011bs histori\u00ed vzniku a v\u00fdvoje pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a prezentac\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed klimatografick\u00fdch charakteristik Lys\u00e9 hory a nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edho okol\u00ed. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edci semin\u00e1\u0159e m\u011bli tak\u00e9 mo\u017enost sledovat mno\u017estv\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch charakteristik, graf\u016f a \u010d\u00edsel ve sborn\u00edku refer\u00e1t\u016f &#8220;100 let meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na Lys\u00e9 ho\u0159e\u201c, kter\u00fd \u010cHM\u00da vydal k\u00a0t\u00e9to slavnostn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Jan Strachota, MZ 1997\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 50, str. 87<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-badbaad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"badbaad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a63c0a0\" data-id=\"a63c0a0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f158f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f158f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9380b48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9380b48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pades\u00e1t let Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acfc3f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"acfc3f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Na ob\u00e1lce tohoto \u010d\u00edsla Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v se u ro\u010dn\u00edku objevuje \u010d\u00edslice 50. Toto v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1m p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee \u010dasopis Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy byl zalo\u017een v\u00a0roce 1947 s\u00a0c\u00edlem zajistit pravideln\u00e9 publika\u010dn\u00ed mo\u017enosti pro progresivn\u011b se rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed obor meteorologie. Jako ka\u017ed\u00fd \u00fazce zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd \u010dasopis, by\u0165 s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm praktick\u00fdm posl\u00e1n\u00edm, prod\u011blaly Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy \u0159adu prom\u011bn, zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch jak technick\u00fdmi a kapacitn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my, tak i dynamick\u00fdm rozvojem oboru. Obsah \u010dasopisu i zp\u016fsob zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed se v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u011bnily, \u010dl\u00e1nky populariza\u010dn\u00ed a informativn\u00ed byly postupn\u011b nahrazov\u00e1ny syntetick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky postihuj\u00edc\u00edmi nov\u00e9 oblasti oboru (nap\u0159. radioloka\u010dn\u00ed a dru\u017eicov\u00e1 meteorologie apod.). V\u00fdvoj v\u00a0tomto sm\u011bru nejl\u00e9pe dokumentuj\u00ed dv\u011b bibliografie \u010dasopisu z\u00a0roku 1979 a 1992, kter\u00e9 pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fd p\u0159ehled v\u0161ech publikovan\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f a\u017e do roku 1990.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy byly od sv\u00e9ho zrodu \u010dasopisem \u010desk\u00fdch a slovensk\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f, i kdy\u017e vydavatelem z\u016fst\u00e1val pouze \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav. Od roku 1993 se stal spoluvydavatelem i Slovensk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav, kter\u00fd se tak\u00e9 pod\u00edlel nejen na organiza\u010dn\u00edm zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasopisu, ale i na ekonomick\u00fdch n\u00e1kladech.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zm\u011bny politick\u00fdch i ekonomick\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech m\u011bly vliv i na vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasopisu. Proto bude od leto\u0161n\u00edho roku po vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 dohod\u011b jedin\u00fdm vydavatelem op\u011bt \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010dasopis z\u016fstane p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00fd i pro slovensk\u00e9 autory a jejich \u010dl\u00e1nky budou publikov\u00e1ny ve slovensk\u00e9m jazyce. Vybran\u00e9 kvalitn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky je mo\u017en\u00e9 tak\u00e9 publikovat v\u00a0angli\u010dtin\u011b. Slovensk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav bude m\u00edt i nad\u00e1le zastoupen\u00ed v\u00a0redak\u010dn\u00ed rad\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pades\u00e1t let vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm jubileem. Proto si v\u0161ichni p\u0159ejeme, aby vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasopisu pokra\u010dovalo i nad\u00e1le a to nejen po str\u00e1nce technick\u00e9ho zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0odborn\u00e9 n\u00e1plni.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159eji v\u0161em \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v hodn\u011b v\u00fdborn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 douf\u00e1m, \u017ee auto\u0159i na n\u00e1\u0161 \u010dasopis nebudou zapom\u00ednat s\u00a0kvalitn\u00edmi a zaj\u00edmav\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Ivan Obrusn\u00edk, MZ 1997\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 50, str. 1<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b308f13 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b308f13\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1d02bd0\" data-id=\"1d02bd0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1047885 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1047885\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72dd406 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"72dd406\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ZASEDAN\u00cd RC LACE V PRAZE<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13e9bd8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13e9bd8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve dnech 5. a 6. \u00fanora 1996 se v Praze konalo 4. zased\u00e1\u00adn\u00ed rady RC LACE (Regional Centre for Limited Area Mo\u00addelling for Central Europe &#8211; Region\u00e1ln\u00ed centrum pro modelo\u00adv\u00e1n\u00ed na omezen\u00e9 oblasti pro st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropu).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zased\u00e1n\u00ed se z\u00fa\u010dastnili z\u00e1stupci v\u0161ech \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed RC LACE (\u010cesk\u00e1 republika. Chorvatsko, Ma\u010farsko, Slovensko, Slovinsko a Rakousko) a pozvan\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9, co\u017e byli z\u00e1stupci francouzsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby (M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France) jako partnera RC LACE pro numerick\u00e9 modelov\u00e1n\u00ed, a z\u00e1stup\u00adci poradn\u00edch v\u00fdbor\u016f RC LACE (v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho, technick\u00e9ho a finan\u010dn\u00edho).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed vedl sou\u010dasn\u00fd prezident Rady, Ing. \u0160tefan \u0160kulec, CSc., \u0159editel Slovensk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Bratislav\u011b. V programu bylo projedn\u00e1n\u00ed celkem \u0161estn\u00e1cti bod\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po pom\u011brn\u011b obs\u00e1hl\u00e9 diskuzi byla p\u0159ijata zm\u011bna statutu RC LACE tak, aby ustaven\u00ed centra m\u011blo pr\u00e1vn\u00ed platnost, i kdy\u017e \u00fa\u010dastnick\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi nebyla dosud slo\u017eena \u010d\u00e1stka p\u0159esahuj\u00ed\u00adc\u00ed 80 % pl\u00e1novan\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu, jak po\u017eadovalo p\u016fvodn\u00ed zn\u011b\u00adn\u00ed statutu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm a \u0161iroce diskutovan\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem bylo pod\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu (\u010cHM\u00da) na um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed RC LACE v Praze; p\u016fvodn\u011b se p\u0159edpo\u00adkl\u00e1dalo, \u017ee RC LACE bude um\u00edst\u011bno ve V\u00eddni. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee ZAMG (Zentral Anstalt f\u00fcr Meteorologie und Geodynamik) nez\u00edskal finan\u010dn\u00ed podporu rakousk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, aby mohl zajistit vybaven\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edho centra dostate\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdkon\u00adn\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem tak, jak se po\u017eaduje po hostuj\u00edc\u00ed zemi, nen\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed RC LACE ve V\u00eddni re\u00e1ln\u00e9. Pro nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed obdob\u00ed bylo dohodnuto, \u017ee pro \u00fa\u010dely RC LACE budou v\u00fdpo\u010dty modelu ALADIN pro oblast vyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed zem\u00edm st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy prov\u00e1\u00add\u011bny v M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France v Toulouse. Toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v\u0161ak nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt definitivn\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u010cHM\u00da podal n\u00e1vrh na z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edho centra v Praze (dostate\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdkonn\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d by byl sd\u00edlen s Akademi\u00ed v\u011bd \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky) a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b RC LACE v Praze-Komo\u0159anech. Tento n\u00e1vrh byl v\u011bt\u0161inou \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed p\u0159\u00edz\u00adniv\u011b p\u0159ijat s t\u00edm, \u017ee souhlas vl\u00e1d lze z\u00edskat teprve po ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed nab\u00eddce \u010cHM\u00da (resp. \u010cR). Bylo dohodnuto, \u017ee tato nab\u00eddka bude rozesl\u00e1na \u010dlensk\u00fdm zem\u00edm do dvou t\u00fddn\u016f a odpov\u011b\u010f na ni obdr\u017e\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da do 19. b\u0159ezna 1996.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V pr\u016fb\u011bhu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed byly d\u00e1le projedn\u00e1ny zpr\u00e1vy poradn\u00edch v\u00fdbor\u016f (v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho, technick\u00e9ho a finan\u010dn\u00edho).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u011bdeck\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce bude prob\u00edhat na z\u00e1klad\u011b dlouhodo\u00adb\u00fdch dohod a nov\u00e9ho grantu francouzsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy pro podporu postgradu\u00e1ln\u00edho studia PhD. Dal\u0161\u00ed zased\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdboru pro v\u011bdu se bude konat v Budape\u0161ti 14. b\u0159ezna 1996.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zpr\u00e1va technick\u00e9ho poradn\u00edho v\u00fdboru nedala zcela jasn\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se komunikac\u00ed, archiva\u010dn\u00edho centra a spojen\u00ed Toulouse &#8211; centrum &#8211; \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty pr\u00e1v\u011b vzhledem k v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm nejasnostem s um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm centra. M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France podala n\u00e1vrh, aby dal\u0161\u00ed zased\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto v\u00fdboru prob\u00edhalo sou\u00adb\u011b\u017en\u011b se zased\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdboru pro v\u011bdu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b finan\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdboru byl uveden p\u0159ehled p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bv\u00adk\u016f zaplacen\u00fdch k 31. 1.1996 \u010dlensk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi. Celkov\u00e1 dis\u00adponibiln\u00ed \u0161umaje 2 308 170,37 ATS. P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed zased\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdboru se uskute\u010dn\u00ed 29. b\u0159ezna 1996 ve V\u00eddni.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vedouc\u00edm projektu (project manager) byl zvolen Miroslav Ondr\u00e1\u0161 ze Slovensk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Bra\u00adtislav\u011b. Bude hlavn\u00edm placen\u00fdm v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edkem RC LACE do t\u00e9 doby, ne\u017e bude ustaven \u0159editel RC LACE.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Miroslav Ondr\u00e1\u0161 byl po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n, aby z titulu sv\u00e9 funkce uspo\u0159\u00e1dal pracovn\u00ed setk\u00e1n\u00ed o vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f modelu ALADIN\/LACE v p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed praxi koncem \u010dervna v Bratislav\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Slovinsk\u00e1 slu\u017eba nab\u00eddla uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho setk\u00e1n\u00ed o vyu\u017eit\u00ed verze modelu ALADIN\/LACE pro pracovn\u00ed stanici koncem kv\u011btna v Lublani.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Helena Vondr\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, MZ 1996\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 49, str. 64<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e0b83fc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e0b83fc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0d059fe\" data-id=\"0d059fe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-224c99b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"224c99b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25ac935 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"25ac935\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">N\u011bkolik pozn\u00e1mek k nejstar\u0161\u00edm denn\u00edm pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm po\u010das\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v letech 1533-1545<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-756207f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"756207f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Denn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy o po\u010das\u00ed jsou jedn\u00edm z nej v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f informac\u00ed pro rekonstrukci klimatu v obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. V mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech v\u00fdznamn\u011b dopl\u0148uj\u00ed a zp\u0159es\u0148uj\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy o po\u010das\u00ed z narativn\u00edch pramen\u016f. Nejinak je tomu i p\u0159i rekonstrukci kli\u00admatu v \u010cesk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, kde denn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy po\u010das\u00ed Jana z Kunovic z let 1533-1545, o nich\u017e referuje Munzar [6] na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch tohoto \u010dasopisu, jsou unik\u00e1tn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/nekolik-poznamek-k-nejstarsim-dennim-pozorovanim-pocasi-na-uzemi-ceske-republiky-v-letech-1533-1545\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ab871e3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ab871e3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9eb39b7\" data-id=\"9eb39b7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c90ef7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0c90ef7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"191\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Tadeas-Hajek-191x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9521\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Tadeas-Hajek-191x300.jpg 191w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Tadeas-Hajek.jpg 272w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 191px) 100vw, 191px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7af129 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c7af129\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tade\u00e1\u0161 H\u00e1jek z H\u00e1jku a jeho denn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v letech 1557-1558<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-820239a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"820239a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u00edsemn\u00e9 historick\u00e9 prameny o po\u010das\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch jevech pat\u0159\u00ed k d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm informac\u00ed pro rekonstrukci klima\u00adtu na\u0161eho tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Oproti st\u0159edov\u011bku, kde jsou \u00fadaje o pov\u011b\u00adtrnostn\u00edch jevech sp\u00ed\u0161e sporadick\u00e9 a \u010dasov\u011b nerovnom\u011brn\u011b zastoupen\u00e9, roste v\u00fdrazn\u011b jejich po\u010det v 16. stolet\u00ed. Souvis\u00ed to s celkov\u00fdm spole\u010densko-ekonomick\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem v tomto stolet\u00ed, kdy nov\u00e9 racion\u00e1ln\u00ed zp\u016fsoby hospoda\u0159e\u00adn\u00ed na \u0161lechtick\u00fdch i c\u00edrkevn\u00edch velkostatc\u00edch se op\u00edraly o v\u00fdsledky exaktn\u00edch v\u011bd. Majitel\u00e9 panstv\u00ed se sna\u017eili co nej\u00adv\u00edce vyu\u017e\u00edvat p\u016fdn\u00ed fond, odvod\u0148ovali ba\u017einy a budovali ryb\u00adn\u00edky.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/tadeas-hajek-z-hajku-a-jeho-denni-meteorologicka-pozorovani-v-letech-1557-1558\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43a6f99 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43a6f99\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a6384c3\" data-id=\"a6384c3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a96697a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a96697a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"193\" height=\"214\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Karel-Starsi.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9534\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-093195f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"093195f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Karla ze \u017derot\u00edna z let 1588\u20131589 a 1591<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a14e5aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a14e5aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">K nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pramen\u016fm o po\u010das\u00ed a podneb\u00ed v Evrop\u011b koncem 16. stolet\u00ed bezesporu pat\u0159\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1\u00adn\u00ed Tychona Brahe na ostrov\u011b Hven z let 1582-1597, je\u017e se mj. stala podkladem pro rekonstrukci po\u010das\u00ed a synoptick\u00fdch situ\u00adac\u00ed v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evrop\u011b od kv\u011btna do \u0159\u00edjna 1588, kterou proved\u00adli K. S. Douglas, H. H. Lamb a C. Loader v souvislosti s roz\u00adhoduj\u00edc\u00edmi n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edmi bitvami mezi \u0161pan\u011blskou a anglickou flotilou o nadvl\u00e1du nad mo\u0159em<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/meteorologicka-pozorovani-karla-ze-zerotina-z-let-1588-1589-a-1591\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-143e5f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"143e5f8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ff0aa2\" data-id=\"5ff0aa2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0de0900 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0de0900\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"74\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Praha-300x74.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9543\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Praha-300x74.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Praha.jpg 513w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c959ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9c959ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nejstar\u0161\u00ed denn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy po\u010das\u00ed v \u010cech\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973b375 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"973b375\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Denn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed jsou cenn\u00fdm pramenem pro historicko-klimatick\u00e9 rekonstrukce. Zat\u00edmco nap\u0159. v Anglii jsou nejstar\u0161\u00ed den\u00edky ji\u017e z let 1269-1270 \u010di 1337-1344, z \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00ed poch\u00e1z\u00ed takov\u00e9to dochovan\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy a\u017e ze 16. stolet\u00ed. Na Morav\u011b jsou nejstar\u0161\u00ed denn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy Jana z Kunovic z oblasti jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Moravy, vztahuj\u00edc\u00ed se p\u0159e\u00adv\u00e1\u017en\u011b k m\u011bs\u00edc\u016fm zimn\u00edho p\u016flroku obdob\u00ed 1533-1545. V \u010cech\u00e1ch se Pejml zmi\u0148uje o denn\u00edch z\u00e1znamech po\u010da\u00ads\u00ed ze zimy 1556\/57 od Jana Pet\u0159\u00edka z Bene\u0161ova, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ed\u00adch\u00e1z\u00ed denn\u00edm pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm Tade\u00e1\u0161e H\u00e1jka z H\u00e1jku z let 1557-1558.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/nejstarsi-denni-zaznamy-pocasi-v-cechach\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3350c16 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3350c16\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d3f29da\" data-id=\"d3f29da\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a1c151 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1a1c151\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"74\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Praha-300x74.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9543\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Praha-300x74.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Praha.jpg 513w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f98778 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f98778\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010ce\u0161t\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9 v antifa\u0161istick\u00e9m odboji<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12cde07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"12cde07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ka\u017ed\u00e1 v\u00e1lka, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u0161ak tato posledn\u00ed, p\u0159inesla jak mili\u00adony ob\u011bt\u00ed a nep\u0159edstaviteln\u00e9 utrpen\u00ed, tak i bou\u0159liv\u00fd rozvoj v\u011bdy a technologi\u00ed, a to ve prosp\u011bch v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed jedn\u00e9 \u010di druh\u00e9 strany. Jinak tomu nebylo ani v oblasti meteorologie. Uve\u010fme alespo\u0148 masov\u00fd rozvoj a uplatn\u011bn\u00ed aerologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed s pokusy o objektivizaci p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pro letec\u00adk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed radaru apod. Na tomto rozvoji se v\u0161ak nepod\u00edlely okupovan\u00e9 zem\u011b se zav\u0159en\u00fdmi vysok\u00fdmi \u0161kolami, umu\u010den\u00fdmi \u010di zav\u0159en\u00fdmi vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdmi u\u010diteli, jako\u017e i \u017eivo\u0159\u00edc\u00edmi meteorologick\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami pod dozorem oku\u00adpant\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/cesti-meteorologove-v-antifasistickem-odboji\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0007a4a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0007a4a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9505974\" data-id=\"9505974\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbe86c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fbe86c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e6667c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8e6667c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">AD: ROZHOVOR S VEDOUC\u00cdM ODD\u011aLEN\u00cd NUMERICK\u00ddCH P\u0158EDPOV\u011aD\u00cd FRANCOUZSK\u00c9 METEOROLOGICK\u00c9 SLU\u017dBY - J.-F. GELEYNEM<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea6f3d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ea6f3d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve t\u0159et\u00edm \u010d\u00edsle Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v 48. ro\u010dn\u00edku (1995) byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn rozhovor s vedouc\u00edm odd\u011blen\u00ed numeric\u00adk\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby J.-F. Geleynem. Autor odpov\u011bd\u00ed na ot\u00e1zky formulovan\u00e9 M. \u0160kodou z \u010cHM\u00da se v n\u011bm n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t kriticky vyjad\u0159uje k postoji \u010cHM\u00da v\u016f\u010di projektu ALADIN, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e z formula\u00adc\u00ed jednozna\u010dn\u011b nevypl\u00fdv\u00e1, kdo konkr\u00e9tn\u011b je p\u0159edm\u011btem kriti\u00adky. Je v\u0161ak nasnad\u011b, \u017ee se problematika bezprost\u0159edn\u011b t\u00fdk\u00e1 pracovi\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed v \u010cHM\u00da Praze-Komo\u0159anech, a proto bych se cht\u011bl ke kritice vyj\u00e1d\u0159it.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nejprve si p\u0159ipome\u0148me hlavn\u00ed kritick\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednky. Cituji:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">.. pro mnoh\u00e9 vedlej\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my lid\u00e9 v \u010cHM \u00da skute\u010dn\u011b nejsou str\u017eeni pokrokem v projektu ALADIN.&#8221; \u201eNev\u00e1h\u00e1m \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee mezi meteorologick\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami v r\u00e1mci LACE je \u010cHM\u00da z\u00e1rove\u0148 tou instituc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 nejv\u00edce p\u0159isp\u011bla k projektu ALA\u00adDIN, i tou, kter\u00e1 z n\u011bj patrn\u011b bude m\u00edt m\u00e9n\u011b u\u017eitku ve smyslu budouc\u00edho rutinn\u00edho vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8230; M\u00e1m pochopen\u00ed pro individu\u00e1l\u00adn\u00ed pozici ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotliv\u00e9ho prognostika, v\u00e1haj\u00edc\u00edho zm\u011bnit sv\u00e9 zvyklosti p\u0159echodem z jednoho typu produkt\u016f na jin\u00fd. Av\u0161ak jestli\u017ee tyto individu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1jmy pracuj\u00edc\u00ed kolektivn\u011b proti z\u00e1jmu meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby t\u00edm, \u017ee spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na &#8216;betonov\u011b jist\u00e9&#8217; n\u00e1zory, je\u017e jsou zcela v rozporu s t\u00edm, co se stalo v posledn\u00edch letech, potom nev\u00edm, jak m\u00e1m situaci kvalifikovat!&#8221; \u201ePokl\u00e1d\u00e1m dokonce za neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 si sou\u010das\u00adn\u011b mohou st\u011b\u017eovat, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1st potenci\u00e1lu \u010cHM\u00da pom\u00e1h\u00e1 pokro\u00adku M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France. a z\u00e1rove\u0148 d\u011blat v\u0161e, co-je v jejich sil\u00e1ch, aby \u010cHM\u00da zabr\u00e1nili profitovat z p\u0159esn\u011b t\u00e9ho\u017e pokroku.&#8221; \u201e..jakou maj\u00ed v\u0161echny tyto snahy cenu, jestli\u017ee v \u010cHM\u00da neexistuje kolektivn\u00ed v\u016fle p\u0159ijmout model ALADIN za vlastn\u00ed. &#8220;<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z citac\u00ed je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee kritika pana J.-F. Geleyna je alespo\u0148 do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry zam\u011b\u0159ena do \u0159ad meteorolog\u016f-prognostik\u016f. V tomto sm\u011bru v\u0161ak kritika z\u0159ejm\u011b vych\u00e1z\u00ed z nepravdiv\u00fdch informac\u00ed. Jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee na zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m meteorologic\u00adk\u00e9m pracovi\u0161ti nen\u00ed meteorolog, kter\u00fd by d\u011blal v\u0161e, co je v jeho sil\u00e1ch, aby \u010cHM\u00da zabr\u00e1nil profitovat z pokroku spo\u00adjen\u00e9ho s projektem ALADIN. Pokud n\u011bkdo takov\u00fd existuje, pak na jin\u00e9m pracovi\u0161ti. Rovn\u011b\u017e pokl\u00e1d\u00e1m za absurdn\u00ed, aby n\u011bkdo z meteorolog\u016f prosazoval osobn\u00ed z\u00e1jem, stav\u00edc\u00ed se pro\u00adti z\u00e1jmu meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, t\u00edm, \u017ee by nap\u0159. lp\u011bl na mate\u00adri\u00e1lech z jin\u00e9ho zdroje a kategoricky odm\u00edtal vyu\u017e\u00edt produkty modelu ALADIN &#8211; to by ned\u00e1valo smysl.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b meteorologick\u00e9 progn\u00f3zy v Komo\u0159anech mus\u00ed vych\u00e1zet a tak\u00e9 vych\u00e1z\u00ed z jeho posl\u00e1n\u00ed: poskytovat meteorologick\u00e9 informace, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed, v\u0161em u\u017eivatel\u016fm lak, aby p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely opti\u00adm\u00e1ln\u00ed u\u017eitek. Informace musej\u00ed b\u00fdt podle mo\u017enost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010dasn\u00fd stupe\u0148 v\u00fdvoje meteorologie, p\u0159esn\u00e9, podan\u00e9 srozumiteln\u00e9, \u201e\u0161it\u00e9 na m\u00edru&#8221; s ohledem na pot\u0159eby u\u017eivatel\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u011b v\u0161ak musej\u00ed b\u00fdt seri\u00f3zn\u00ed; nevyplatilo by se p\u0159edst\u00ed\u00adrat, \u017ee je mo\u017eno p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt n\u011bco, co v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je\u0161t\u011b nelze. Pro kvalitn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 slu\u017e\u00adba v\u0161ech informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou k dispozici, a mezi nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed ov\u0161em produkty model\u016f s hustou s\u00edt\u00ed bod\u016f ur\u010den\u00e9 pro kr\u00e1tkodobou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f, mezi n\u011b\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed i ALADIN. Nem\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jsou pochopiteln\u011b produkty model\u016f slou\u017e\u00ed\u00adc\u00ed st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vedle ALADINu jsou v na\u0161\u00ed slu\u017eb\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny i dal\u0161\u00ed dva modely s hustou s\u00edt\u00ed bod\u016f, a sice model n\u011bmeck\u00e9 slu\u017eby v Offenbachu a britsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby v Bracknellu. Ka\u017ed\u00fd meteoro\u00adlog brzy pozn\u00e1, \u017ee pro p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed neexistuje nic \u201ebeto\u00adnov\u011b jist\u00e9ho&#8221;, ani produkty model\u016f. Je logick\u00e9, a zku\u0161enost to potvrzuje, \u017ee se vyplat\u00ed pro p\u0159edpov\u011bdi br\u00e1t v \u00favahu a kritic\u00adky posuzovat v\u0161echny dostupn\u00e9 podklady. (To plat\u00ed nepo\u00adchybn\u011b obecn\u011b pro jak\u00e9koliv rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u017edy\u0165 kdo by se br\u00e1nil v\u0161em dostupn\u00fdm informac\u00edm nap\u0159. p\u0159i d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9m osob\u00adn\u00edm rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed?) Omezit se pouze na n\u011bkter\u00e9 podklady \u010di informace pokl\u00e1d\u00e1m za p\u0159\u00edstup sice pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, n\u011bkdy i ali\u00adbistick\u00fd, konec konc\u016f v\u0161ak m\u00e9n\u011b zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jak\u00fd je tedy vztah komo\u0159ansk\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f pracuj\u00ed\u00adc\u00edch na progn\u00f3ze k modelu ALADIN? Produkty tohoto mode\u00adlu p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1me jako dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd podklad pro p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed. Oce\u0148ujeme pr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 byla vlo\u017eena do jeho v\u00fdvoje. Jeho produkty pokl\u00e1d\u00e1me za p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b stejn\u011b kvalitn\u00ed jako produkty model\u016f n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho a britsk\u00e9ho. To ostatn\u011b potvrzu\u00adje i jednoduch\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi t\u011bchto t\u0159\u00ed model\u016f, kte\u00adr\u00e9 jsme provozn\u011b za\u010dali prov\u00e1d\u011bt v \u010dervnu. V tomto m\u011bs\u00edci byly rozd\u00edly v kvalit\u011b t\u011bchto model\u016f velmi mal\u00e9, jako nejlep\u0161\u00ed se v \u010dervnu uk\u00e1zal model britsk\u00fd, pak n\u011bmeck\u00fd a ALADIN. P\u0159es ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy t\u011bchto model\u016f v\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z nich proza\u00adt\u00edm nen\u00ed schopen b\u00fdt dostate\u010dn\u011b spolehliv\u00fdm podkladem pro podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed regionalizaci p\u0159edpov\u011bdi na \u00dazem\u00ed \u010cR. zejm\u00e9na pokud se t\u00fd\u010de sr\u00e1\u017eek. Jsme si v\u011bdomi v\u00fdhody modelu ALA\u00adDIN, kter\u00e1 spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0tom, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme uplat\u0148ovat zp\u011btnou vaz\u00adbu. To ov\u0161em neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee se budeme orientovat pouze na n\u011bj, podle na\u0161eho n\u00e1zoru by to nep\u0159isp\u011blo ke zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nevid\u00edm d\u016fvod k obav\u00e1m, pro\u010d by \u010desk\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba m\u011bla m\u00edt m\u00e9n\u011b u\u017eitku z modelu ALADIN ne\u017e slu\u017eby jin\u00e9, sdru\u017een\u00e9 v LACE, a mysl\u00edm, \u017ee by n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva pana J.-F. Geleyna v na\u0161\u00ed slu\u017eb\u011b jeho obavy rozpt\u00fdlila.<\/p><div><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Jan Pavl\u00edk, MZ 1995\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 48, str. 149<\/em><\/p><\/div><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea743ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea743ba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-33d3e09\" data-id=\"33d3e09\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fee813 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7fee813\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff9840f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff9840f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ROZHOVOR S VEDOUC\u00cdM ODD\u011aLEN\u00cd NUMERICK\u00ddCH P\u0158EDPOV\u011aD\u00cd PO\u010cAS\u00cd FRANCOUZSK\u00c9 METEOROLOGICK\u00c9 SLU\u017dBY J.-F. GELEYNEM<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e06c2af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e06c2af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p class=\"rtejustify\">1. <em>Nejprve mi dovolte, abych V\u00e1m pod\u011bkoval za p\u0159\u00edklad\u00adnou p\u00e9\u010di a z\u00e1jem o na\u0161e pracovn\u00edky p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed ve Francouzsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b v Toulouse. Po ro\u00adce 1989 se naskytla mo\u017enost spolupr\u00e1ce se z\u00e1padoev\u00adropsk\u00fdmi meteorologick\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami. Na\u0161e synoptick\u00e1 slu\u017eba byla a do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b je orientov\u00e1\u00adna na Offenbach. O\u010dek\u00e1val jsem tud\u00ed\u017e z\u00e1jem ze strany N\u011bmeck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Prof. Reiser p\u0159isl\u00edbil n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu na\u0161eho \u00fastavu, ale pozd\u011bji ji odvolal v d\u016f\u00adsledku sjednocov\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb s b\u00fdvalou NDR. \u0158editel Francouzsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby naopak p\u0159ijel okam\u017eit\u011b do Prahy (i do dal\u0161\u00edch slu\u017eeb) a navrhl roz\u00ads\u00e1hl\u00fd program spolupr\u00e1ce v\u010detn\u011b spolupr\u00e1ce na pro\u00adjektu ARPEGE-ALADIN. P\u0159edch\u00e1zela t\u00e9to cest\u011b n\u011bja\u00adk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edprava, vytypovan\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdch oblast\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce, nebo \u0161lo o spont\u00e1nn\u00ed projev z\u00e1jmu o postkomunistick\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pro p\u0159\u00edpad, \u017ee by snad n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i nebyli zcela sezn\u00e1\u00admeni s kontextem tohoto interview, dovolte, abych up\u0159esnil, co to je projekt ARPEGE-ALADIN, zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed t\u00e9\u017e jako ALA\u00adDIN. Od poloviny roku 1991 n\u011bkolik n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorolo\u00adgick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb zem\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy se spole\u010dn\u011b s francouzskou meteorologickou slu\u017ebou M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France z\u00fa\u010dastnilo na v\u00fdvoji, ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b numerick\u00e9ho p\u0159ed-pov\u011bdn\u00edho modelu po\u010das\u00ed na omezen\u00e9 oblasti (Numerical Weather Prediction &#8211; NWP). Tento model je t\u011bsn\u011b spjat se syst\u00e9mem ARPEGE\/IFS, kter\u00fd byl spole\u010dn\u011b vyvinut Evrop\u00adsk\u00fdm centrem pro st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed (European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts &#8211; ECMWF) a M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France, v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace. Od 31.5.94 je ALADIN provozov\u00e1n kvazioperativn\u011b na hlavn\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010di M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France pro partnery ze st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy. N\u011bkter\u00e9 produkty jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1ny pomoc\u00ed satelitn\u00edho p\u0159enosu (RETIM), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e p\u0159echod na Internet je na dobr\u00e9 cest\u011b. Existuj\u00ed velmi pokro\u010dil\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny v r\u00e1mci akce Region\u00e1ln\u00edho centra pro modelov\u00e1n\u00ed na omeze\u00adn\u00e9 oblasti ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b (Regional Centre for Limited Area modeling for Central Europe &#8211; RC LACE) provozovat ALADIN \u010dast\u011bji, d\u0159\u00edve, mo\u017en\u00e1 l\u00e9pe a ur\u010dit\u011b s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed flexibili\u00adtou pro Rakousko, \u010ceskou republiku, Chorvatsko, Ma\u010farsko, Slovensko a Slovinsko. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d by v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b byl um\u00eds\u00adt\u011bn ve V\u00eddni, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e by po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed a bo\u010dn\u00ed okrajov\u00e9 podm\u00edn\u00adky byly p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1ny v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase z Toulouse do V\u00eddn\u011b, co\u017e by umo\u017enilo paraleln\u00ed provoz ALADIN + ARPEGE. Pro \u00fapl\u00adnost: partne\u0159i M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France v projektu ALADIN, kte\u0159\u00ed se ne\u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed projektu LACE, jsou Bulharsko, Maroko, Polsko a Rumunsko. Abychom v\u00e1m poskytli p\u0159edstavu o v\u00fdsledc\u00edch spole\u010dn\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed: koncem b\u0159ezna 1995 z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch 11 part\u00adner\u016f dodalo v pr\u016fm\u011bru 10 osob, kter\u00e9 na projektu pracovaly po dobu 44 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e \u010desk\u00fd pod\u00edl \u010dinil 64 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f ze 440, co\u017e je ze strany \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek rozhodn\u011b nezanedbateln\u00fd. Slovensk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek dos\u00e1hl jen 10 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, co\u017e je d\u016fsledkem toho, \u017ee Dr. \u0160kulec, pot\u00e9 co nastoupil do funkce, musel zvr\u00e1tit p\u0159edchoz\u00ed rozhod\u00adnut\u00ed projektu se ne\u00fa\u010dastnit. V ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m interview poskytnu\u00adt\u00e9m t\u00e9\u017e pro Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy prof. P. Steinhauser, \u0159edi\u00adtel Rakousk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, sd\u011blil, \u017ee akce LACE zvolila pro sv\u00e9 budouc\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed aktivity \u201efrancouzsk\u00fd model ALADIN&#8221;, dodan\u00fd M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France. Ve v\u0161\u00ed \u00fact\u011b, a ani\u017e bych jak\u00fdmkoliv zp\u016fsobem sni\u017eoval rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdznam projektu LACE, mus\u00edm mu bohu\u017eel odporovat ve dvou bodech: zapr\u00adv\u00e9, ALADIN nen\u00ed model francouzsk\u00fd a nebude ani rakous\u00adk\u00fdm, a\u017e se LACE dostane do opera\u010dn\u00edho stavu, nen\u00ed to ani model \u010desk\u00fd nebo slovensk\u00fd ani nikoho jin\u00e9ho, je to prost\u011b intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed v\u0161ech lid\u00ed a slu\u017eeb, maj\u00edc\u00edch pod\u00edl na jeho vzniku. Zadruh\u00e9, v\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee sp\u00ed\u0161e \u00fasp\u011bch modelu ALA\u00adDIN dal \u0161anci konceptu LACE, ne\u017e \u017ee LACE si vybrala model ALADIN, nebo\u0165 ve sv\u011bt\u011b je vlastnictv\u00ed hardwaru jako zn\u00e1m\u00adka vlivu st\u00e1le v\u00edce nahrazov\u00e1no pochopen\u00edm a ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm vel\u00admi komplikovan\u00e9ho softwaru. Jako posledn\u00ed pozn\u00e1mku bych cht\u011bl podotknout, \u017ee dosa\u017een\u00ed kvazioperativn\u00edho stavu po m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e t\u0159ech letech velmi tvrd\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce se jev\u00ed jako v\u00fdkon, kter\u00fd si zasluhuje respekt ve sv\u011bt\u011b numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nyn\u00ed se vra\u0165me k va\u0161\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed ot\u00e1zce: vznikla tato impo\u00adzantn\u00ed akce jednodu\u0161e ze spont\u00e1nn\u00edho projevu z\u00e1jmu o post\u00adkomunistick\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby ze strany M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France, a pro\u010d nevznikla ze strany N\u011bmeck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby (Deutscher Wetterdienst &#8211; DWD)? To je velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 ot\u00e1z\u00adka; v posledn\u00edch \u010dty\u0159ech letech jsem o tomto n\u00e1m\u011btu velmi p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lel a mysl\u00edm, \u017ee o n\u011bm mohu mluvit otev\u0159en\u011b: roz\u00adhodnut\u00ed nab\u00eddnout spolupr\u00e1ci bylo spont\u00e1nn\u00ed, nebylo v\u0161ak po\u0161etil\u00e9, nebo\u0165 zde byly velice dobr\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a za sou\u010das\u00adn\u00e9 situace tato spolupr\u00e1ce nemohla b\u00fdt DWD navr\u017eena ani pod jej\u00ed koordinac\u00ed realizov\u00e1na.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">O n\u00e1vrhu, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edm se modelu ALADIN, kter\u00fd jsme u\u010di\u00adnili meteorologick\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy, bylo rozhodnuto 16. 10. 1990, kdy\u017e pan Lebeau (\u0159editel M\u00e9\u00adt\u00e9o-France) a j\u00e1 jsme si n\u00e1hle uv\u011bdomili, \u017ee do\u0161lo k \u010dasov\u00e9 shod\u011b t\u0159\u00ed okolnost\u00ed: odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France zv\u00fd\u0161it sv\u00e9 ambi\u00adce na poli numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed a z toho plynouc\u00ed pot\u0159eba sd\u00edlet je s partnery, aby v\u016fbec byla n\u011bjak\u00e1 nad\u011bje je zkonkretizovat (v on\u00e9 dob\u011b se rodila tak\u00e9 na\u0161e dohoda s HIR-LAM)*); v\u011bdeck\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro model na omezen\u00e9 oblasti, kter\u00fd st\u00e1le chyb\u011bl ve \u201eskl\u00e1da\u010dce ARPEGE\/IFS&#8221;; skute\u010dnost, \u017ee &#8211; jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1te &#8211; postkomunistick\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby o\u010dek\u00e1valy n\u011bjakou nab\u00eddku spolupr\u00e1ce. V tomto smyslu bylo toto rozhodnut\u00ed zcela spont\u00e1nn\u00ed, av\u0161ak p\u0159esto logick\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Krom\u011b t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 shody, jak\u00e9 byly ony p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, o nich\u017e jsem se pr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u00ednil? Pokud jde o M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France, zku\u0161enost se spole\u010dnou v\u00fdvojovou prac\u00ed, kterou jsme z\u00edsk\u00e1vali p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s ECMWF na ARPEGE\/IFS, n\u00e1s sezn\u00e1mi\u00adla jak s v\u00fdhodami, tak s nebezpe\u010d\u00edmi takov\u00fdchto akc\u00ed. Pot\u00e9, co jsme byli sv\u011bdky toho, jak ECMWF hr\u00e1lo v\u016f\u010di n\u00e1m roli \u201estabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho partnera&#8221; a v\u011bdouce, \u017ee toto m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k p\u0159e\u00admr\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00fdb\u011brovosti, byli jsme p\u0159ipraveni st\u00e1t se \u201estabiln\u00edm partnerem&#8221; projektu ALADIN, av\u0161ak s mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm pochopen\u00edm pro situaci na\u0161ich men\u0161\u00edch partner\u016f. Pokud jde o va\u0161e slu\u017eby, p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost poskytnut\u00e1 ud\u00e1lostmi roku 1989 spo\u00ad\u010d\u00edvala v tom, \u017ee jste nebyli v p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e v\u00e1z\u00e1ni historic\u00adk\u00fdmi omezen\u00edmi, pokud jde o volbu numerick\u00e9ho p\u0159edpov\u00ed\u00add\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed. Pak opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1 touha va\u0161ich mlad\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f sko\u00ad\u010dit (i kdy\u017e pon\u011bkud nep\u0159ipraveni) do origin\u00e1ln\u00edho dobro\u00addru\u017estv\u00ed, vych\u00e1zej\u00edce p\u0159itom z nulov\u00e9ho stavu, nemohla b\u00fdt zam\u00edt\u00e1na ve jm\u00e9nu n\u011b\u010deho ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edho. Je to pravda i p\u0159e\u00adsto, \u017ee v\u0161e, \u010deho bylo p\u0159edt\u00edm dosa\u017eeno &#8211; jako nap\u0159. v \u010ces\u00adk\u00e9m hydrometeorologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu za velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, bylo hodno zna\u010dn\u00e9ho obdivu. Bylo to pro n\u00e1s prost\u011b d\u016fvodem pro to, abychom v\u00e1s pova\u017eovali za rovnocenn\u00e9 part\u00adnery, za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee projev\u00edte dostate\u010dnou moudrost a v r\u00e1mci projektu ALADIN nebudete po\u017eadovat n\u011bjakou nevhodnou kontinuitu s d\u0159\u00edve dosa\u017een\u00fdm.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00davahy, jak nejl\u00e9pe uv\u00e9st akci ALADIN do chodu, byly z\u010d\u00e1sti tak\u00e9 inspirov\u00e1ny spoluprac\u00ed mezi DWD a \u0161v\u00fdcarskou meteorologickou slu\u017ebou SMA. Existoval v\u0161ak jeden pod\u00adstatn\u00fd rozd\u00edl: DWD a SMA si vym\u011b\u0148ovaly n\u00e1m\u011bty a \u201ehotov\u00e9&#8221; \u010d\u00e1sti programu, zat\u00edmco my jsme byli rozhodnuti skute\u010dn\u011b spole\u010dn\u011b pracovat na v\u00fdvoji tak, aby v\u0161ichni lid\u00e9 v t\u00fdmu ARPEGE\/ALADIN byli vz\u00e1jemn\u011b zam\u011bniteln\u00ed. Vzhledem k velk\u00e9mu rozd\u00edlu v dostupnosti modern\u00ed technologie mezi M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France a jej\u00edmi partnery to p\u0159edstavovalo jedinou pou\u00ad\u017eitelnou strategii (za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee by mohla b\u00fdt financo\u00adv\u00e1na pomoc\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fdch grant\u016f, co\u017e se tak\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u011b stalo). DWD m\u00e1 v oboru probl\u00e9m\u016f numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed ve zvyku spol\u00e9hat na extern\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a soust\u0159e\u010fovat se (se zna\u010dnou dovednost\u00ed) na sb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed a optimalizaci opera\u010dn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Neodv\u00e1\u017eila by se tud\u00ed\u017e nikdy zah\u00e1jit n\u011bjak\u00fd spole\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum\/v\u00fdvoj jako ALADIN a nemohla by ani nal\u00e9zt perso\u00adn\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacitu pro to, aby jej mohla zorganizovat v tak flexi\u00adbiln\u00ed a otev\u0159en\u00e9 form\u011b, jak\u00e1 byla pot\u0159ebn\u00e1. V\u00edte, \u017ee jsem v\u011bt\u00ad\u0161inu sv\u00fdch v\u011bdomost\u00ed o numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed z\u00edskal za sv\u00e9ho studia v Mohu\u010di od profesora Hinkelmanna. Ten velice v\u011b\u0159il v praktickou konfrontaci z\u00e1kladn\u00edch my\u0161lenek jako v cestu k lep\u0161\u00ed v\u011bd\u011b; v tomto smyslu jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee by se mu velmi l\u00edbil n\u00e1\u0161 spole\u010dn\u00fd projekt ALADIN, kdyby se ho byl do\u017eil. Mohu se dokonce domn\u00edvat, \u017ee realizac\u00ed tohoto projektu jsem byl bl\u00ed\u017ee typu ambic\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u011bl prof. Hinkelmann v oboru numerick\u00e9ho p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed v Evrop\u011b, ne\u017e DWD se svou sou\u010dasnou politikou zalo\u017eenou na \u201edistribuci produkt\u016f&#8221;. Opravdu, kdyby se bylo naplnilo va\u0161e o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed o spolupr\u00e1ci mezi DWD a \u010cesk\u00fdm hydrome\u00adteorologick\u00fdm \u00fastavem, siln\u011b v\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee \u010cHM\u00da by nyn\u00ed byl ji\u017e ztratil jakoukoliv p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost ovlivnit v\u00fdvoj numerick\u00e9ho p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed v Evrop\u011b; douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se mnou alespo\u0148 budete souhlasit v tom, \u017ee to je n\u011bco, co je nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed situaci vzd\u00e1len\u00e9, a to d\u00edky \u00fasp\u011bchu projektu ALADIN.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Opravdu, kdy\u017e &#8211; s v\u00fdhodou pohledu nazp\u011bt &#8211; si p\u0159e\u010dteme dopis, kter\u00fd projekt ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zahajoval a byl datov\u00e1n 27. 11. 1990, v\u017edy na mne zap\u016fsob\u00ed, kdy\u017e vid\u00edm, jak mnoho jsme \u0159ekli o tom, co budeme d\u011blat a ud\u011blali to, co jsme ohl\u00e1sili. \u00dasp\u011bch projektu ALADIN pat\u0159\u00ed t\u011bm, kdo na n\u011bm skute\u010dn\u011b pracovali; z toho dv\u011b t\u0159etiny byli pracovn\u00edci mimo M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France. Obvykle \u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee k tomu, abychom v projekt na za\u010d\u00e1tku uv\u011b\u0159ili, sta\u010dilo b\u00fdt objektivn\u00edm. P\u0159esto existuj\u00ed dv\u011b v\u011bci, na kter\u00e9 jsem v t\u00e9to v\u011bci velmi hrd\u00fd. O t\u00e9 prvn\u00ed douf\u00e1m, \u017ee budu m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost se zm\u00ednit pozd\u011bji. Druh\u00e1 v\u011bc je tato charakteristika: \u201eD\u011bl\u00e1m to, co jsem \u0159ekl, \u0159ekl jsem, co budu d\u011blat&#8221; &#8211; co\u017e je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b mo\u017en\u00e1 n\u011bco pon\u011bkud neob\u00advykl\u00e9ho.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>2. Domn\u00edv\u00e1te se, \u017ee u zrodu t\u00e9to iniciativy mohly st\u00e1t i z\u00e1jmy francouzsk\u00fdch firem vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch meteorolo\u00adgick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje a techniku? Dito ot\u00e1zku kladu proto, \u017ee pan\u00ed Rigaud p\u0159i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b observato\u0159e v Praze-Libu\u0161i neskr\u00fdvala jist\u00e9 rozpaky p\u0159i pohledu na syst\u00e9my VAI\u00adSALA, instalovan\u00e9 na observato\u0159i (automatick\u00e1 me\u00adteorologick\u00e1 stanice Milo\u0161 200 a syst\u00e9m Digicora pro sond\u00e1\u017e atmosf\u00e9ry).<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ur\u010dit\u011b nejsem v takov\u00e9m postaven\u00ed, abych mohl komen\u00adtovat va\u0161i interpretaci pocit\u016f pan\u00ed Rigaudov\u00e9 (z odd\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch a evropsk\u00fdch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France). M\u011bli jste se j\u00ed tehdy p\u0159\u00edmo zeptat. Nechci v\u0161ak p\u0159ej\u00edt podtext va\u0161e\u00adho dotazu. V z\u00e1sad\u011b je mo\u017eno doufat, \u017ee kdy\u017e lid\u00e9 ze dvou meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb budou m\u00edt st\u00e1le v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed k v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b my\u0161lenek, zku\u0161enost\u00ed a pl\u00e1n\u016f, mohlo by to vytvo\u00ad\u0159it podm\u00ednky tak\u00e9 pro prakti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nebo konkr\u00e9tn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vztahy. Je pravda, \u017ee v roce 1990 na\u0161e strana za\u010d\u00ednala s dvoj\u00edm han\u00addicapem: proto\u017ee jsme neprosazovali politiku, kdy by pro\u00addukty numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed byly \u0161\u00ed\u0159eny bez p\u0159idru\u017ee\u00adn\u00fdch akc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by pomohly p\u0159i jejich optim\u00e1ln\u00edm vyu\u017eit\u00ed, na\u0161e know-how v rozvoji v\u00fdzkumu bylo v \u010cHM\u00da ignorov\u00e1\u00adno; ulp\u00edvala na n\u00e1s v\u011b\u010dn\u00e1 reputace Francouz\u016f, \u017ee nedovedou organizovat v\u011bci ani realizovat sv\u00e9 ideje. Tento handicap jsme dokonce zv\u011bt\u0161ili, kdy\u017e jsme se up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b sna\u017eili pomoci v\u00e1m t\u00edm, \u017ee jsme v\u00e1m poskytli p\u0159\u00edstup k technologii satelitn\u00edho p\u0159enosu (RETIM), kterou jsme vyv\u00edjeli, tak brzy, jak jen bylo mo\u017eno, a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bezplatn\u011b, ve zna\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159edstihu proti DWD a UKMO. Jako ka\u017ed\u00fd jin\u00fd nov\u00fd produkt m\u011bl i tento sv\u00e9 d\u011bt\u00adsk\u00e9 nemoci, kter\u00e9 byly \u201edob\u0159e m\u00edn\u00edc\u00edmi&#8221; p\u0159\u00e1teli snadno zd\u016f\u00adraz\u0148ov\u00e1ny s \u00famyslem o\u010dernit spolupr\u00e1ci, zalo\u017eenou na pro\u00adjektu ALADIN. Je pravda, \u017ee b\u011bhem posledn\u00edch \u010dty\u0159 let n\u011bk\u00adte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 v M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France byli zklam\u00e1ni t\u00edm, \u017ee vid\u011bli, jak pro mnoh\u00e9 vedlej\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my lid\u00e9 v \u010cHM\u00da skute\u010dn\u011b nejsou str\u00ad\u017eeni pokrokem projektu ALADIN. Ani\u017e bych osobn\u011b \u0161el tak daleko, jsem s\u00e1m dosti smutn\u00fd z toho, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed lid\u00e9 v \u010cHM\u00da v\u016fbec nezm\u011bnili sv\u016fj postoj v\u016f\u010di M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France, zat\u00edmco bez rozpak\u016f odm\u00edtaj\u00ed uznat objektivn\u00ed fakta: ano, uk\u00e1zali jsme, \u017ee jsme byli schopni organizovat s \u00fasp\u011bchem velmi slo\u017eit\u00fd pro\u00adjekt v jednom z nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch obor\u016f modern\u00ed technologie; ano, uk\u00e1zali jsme, \u017ee s pomoc\u00ed v\u0161ech lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed v n\u011bj v\u011b\u0159ili (ve Francii i jinde), jsme byli schopni dostat jej v rekordn\u00edm \u010dase do kvazioperativn\u00edho stavu. U n\u00e1s m\u00e1me pro tento postoj p\u0159\u00ed\u00adslov\u00ed: \u201eNikdo nen\u00ed v\u00edce hluch\u00fd ne\u017e ten, kdo sly\u0161et nechce&#8221;. Kdyby to v\u0161e z\u016fstalo v ur\u010dit\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od na\u0161eho hlavn\u00edho spole\u010dn\u00e9ho projektu, mohl by b\u00fdt takov\u00fd postoj ignorov\u00e1n. Bohu\u017eel tomu tak nen\u00ed: nev\u00e1h\u00e1m \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee mezi meteorologic\u00adk\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami v r\u00e1mci LACE je \u010cHM\u00da z\u00e1rove\u0148 tou institu\u00adc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 nejv\u00edce p\u0159isp\u011bla k projektu ALADIN, i tou, kter\u00e1 z n\u011bj patrn\u011b bude m\u00edt m\u00e9n\u011b u\u017eitku ve smyslu budouc\u00edho rutin\u00adn\u00edho vyu\u017eit\u00ed. Zdr\u017eenliv\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed prvn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky (\u201ea do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry je st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b orientovan\u00e1 na Offenbach&#8221;) je ov\u0161em u ko\u0159ene probl\u00e9mu. M\u00e1m pochopen\u00ed pro individu\u00e1ln\u00ed pozici ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotliv\u00e9ho prognostika, v\u00e1haj\u00edc\u00edho zm\u011bnit sv\u00e9 zvy\u00adklosti p\u0159echodem z jednoho typu produkt\u016f na jin\u00fd. Av\u0161ak jest\u00adli\u017ee tyto individu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1jmy pracuj\u00edc\u00ed kolektivn\u011b proti z\u00e1jmu meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby t\u00edm, \u017ee spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na \u201ebetonov\u011b jist\u00e9&#8221; n\u00e1zory, je\u017e jsou zcela v rozporu s t\u00edm, co se stalo v posledn\u00edch \u010dty\u0159ech letech, potom nev\u00edm, jak m\u00e1m situaci kvalifikovat! Dovolte mi nyn\u00ed, abych se vyslovil pro postoj zalo\u017een\u00fd na zdrav\u00e9m rozumu. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 objektivn\u00ed studie v\u00fdvoje v meteoro\u00adlogii v posledn\u00edch deseti letech ukazuje \u010dty\u0159i \u201ed\u016frazn\u00e9&#8221; ten\u00addence: zv\u00fd\u0161enou \u00falohu komercializace, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00faplnou auto\u00admatizaci v\u0161ech objektivn\u00edch aspekt\u016f meteorologovy pr\u00e1ce (v\u010detn\u011b explozivn\u00edho rozvoje numerick\u00e9ho p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed), internacionalizaci rozvoje softwaru a zv\u00fd\u0161enou \u00falo\u00adhu sou\u010dinnosti mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a strojem jako pojistky proti mo\u017en\u00e9 \u201edivergenci&#8221; automatick\u00fdch postup\u016f. Jestli\u017ee toto v\u0161e shrneme a provedeme extrapolaci, je relativn\u011b snadn\u00e9 sestavit n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed progn\u00f3zu: n\u00e1rodn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby budou moci d\u016fsledky komercializace d\u016fstojn\u011b p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt tehdy, jestli\u017ee udr\u017e\u00ed v r\u00e1mci komplexn\u00edch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch akc\u00ed svou schop\u00adnost ovlivnit ob\u011b strany z\u00e1kladn\u00edho spojen\u00ed mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a strojem podle sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch pot\u0159eb. Nez\u00e1visle na v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch aspektech projektu nab\u00edz\u00ed ALADIN sv\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed\u00adk\u016fm jak flexibiln\u00ed koncepci, tak pr\u00e1vo \u201eintelektu\u00e1ln\u00edho vlast\u00adnictv\u00ed&#8221;, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed i nejmen\u0161\u00edmu nebo nejchud\u0161\u00edmu partne\u00adrovi \u0161anci zachovat svou identitu. Na t\u00e9to \u00farovni by nem\u011bla existovat ot\u00e1zka, zda ten nebo onen prognostik bude d\u00e1vat p\u0159ednost modelu DWD, ani etick\u00e9 \u00favahy o tom, zda pracovat s t\u00edm partnerem, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m chce skute\u010dn\u011b pomoci. ALADIN by se m\u011bl st\u00e1t hlavn\u00edm prost\u0159edkem kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9ho p\u0159edpov\u00ed\u00add\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed v \u010cHM\u00da jednodu\u0161e proto, \u017ee to je jedin\u00fd model modern\u00ed generace, u n\u011bho\u017e \u010cHM\u00da m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt nad\u011bji, \u017ee vytvo\u00ad\u0159\u00ed politiku obousm\u011brn\u00e9 interakce (mezi v\u00fdzkumem-v\u00fdvojem a vyu\u017eit\u00edm), kter\u00e1 pom\u016f\u017ee udr\u017eet ur\u010dit\u00fd n\u00e1skok p\u0159ed konku\u00adrenc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by nezvl\u00e1dla tento st\u00e1le v\u00edce rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed aspekt. Jestli\u017ee si toto v\u0161ichni neuv\u011bdom\u00ed nebo na to nebudou br\u00e1t ohled, pak to bohu\u017eel p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k udr\u017een\u00ed nebo zv\u011bt\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho rozporu mezi investicemi do projektu ALADIN a u\u017eitkem z n\u011bho v \u010cHM\u00da. V m\u00e9 rad\u011b se neskr\u00fdv\u00e1 komer\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1jem; ve sv\u011btle sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f a p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed bych si jednodu\u0161e p\u0159\u00e1l, aby \u010cHM\u00da z\u016fstal ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed a aktivn\u00ed insti\u00adtuc\u00ed, tak aby mohl nad\u00e1le p\u0159isp\u00edvat k na\u0161im spole\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumn\u011b v\u00fdvojov\u00fdm projekt\u016fm v oblasti ALADIN; bohu\u00ad\u017eel v\u0161ak nejsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den o tom, \u017ee tak tomu bude moci b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouho.<\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>3. Z Va\u0161ich \u00favodn\u00edch odpov\u011bd\u00ed jsme se cht\u011bli dop\u00e1trat p\u0159\u00ed\u010din z\u00e1jmu Francouzsk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby o na\u0161e \u00fastavy. Jsme samoz\u0159ejm\u011b r\u00e1di, \u017ee \u0161lo o nezi\u0161t\u00adnou pomoc. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u00e9to iniciativy se ve Va\u0161em odd\u011blen\u00ed objevila \u0159ada mlad\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f st\u0159edn\u00ed a jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy. V\u011bnujete se jim po str\u00e1nce odborn\u00e9, technick\u00e9, psychologick\u00e9, u\u010d\u00edte je p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161et sv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, a to v\u0161e nad r\u00e1mec sv\u00fdch nemal\u00fdch odborn\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed. Pros\u00edm o up\u0159\u00edmnou odpov\u011b\u010f, zda to nebyla a nen\u00ed pro V\u00e1s ztr\u00e1ta \u010dasu? <\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Domn\u00edv\u00e1m se, \u017ee jsem pr\u00e1v\u011b poskytl v\u011bt\u0161inu informac\u00ed k tomu, abych odpov\u011bd\u011bl i na tuto ot\u00e1zku. Ne, nebyli jsme nezi\u0161tn\u00ed. Bez \u00fa\u010dasti partner\u016f ze st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy bychom postr\u00e1dali \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st na\u0161\u00ed strategie numerick\u00e9ho p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed, j\u00ed\u017e se ALADIN pomalu ale jist\u011b st\u00e1v\u00e1. Brzy budeme tak\u00e9 (bu\u010fto sami, nebo ve spolupr\u00e1ci se \u0161pan\u011bl\u00adskou meteorologickou slu\u017ebou) pracovat s verz\u00ed modelu ALADIN, kter\u00e1 bude p\u0159izp\u016fsobena na\u0161\u00ed vlastn\u00ed geografii. Uva\u017eujeme tak\u00e9 o \u201ebezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed verzi&#8221;, schopn\u00e9 aplikace kdekoli na zem\u011bkouli a kdykoli dle pot\u0159eby. Aby toto v\u0161e m\u011blo \u00fasp\u011bch, budeme pot\u0159ebovat pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed existuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdborn\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e1 d\u00e1le p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0159adu odvoze\u00adn\u00fdch v\u00fdhod: lep\u0161\u00ed viditelnost pr\u00e1ce t\u00fdmu, spole\u010dn\u00e9 publikace, dobr\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi projekty ARPEGE a ALA\u00adDIN p\u0159i sd\u00edlen\u00ed specifick\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159\u00edpad od p\u0159\u00edpadu&#8230; Ne, skute\u010dn\u011b jsme nebyli nezi\u0161tn\u00ed, av\u0161ak na dru\u00adh\u00e9 stran\u011b jsme ani nebyli \u201evyko\u0159is\u0165ovateli&#8221; va\u0161eho intelektu\u00ad\u00e1ln\u00edho potenci\u00e1lu jak to &#8211; pokud v\u00edm &#8211; popisuj\u00ed na\u0161i \u201edob\u0159e m\u00edn\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9&#8221; tu a tam ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. V\u0161echny v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00ed\u00adn\u011bn\u00e9 plody spole\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce mohly b\u00fdt na z\u00e1klad\u011b rovnosti vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v\u0161emi partnery a ur\u010dit\u011b hodn\u011b p\u0159evy\u0161uj\u00ed to, co by byla dok\u00e1zala jednotliv\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba sama, v\u010detn\u011b M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France, kdyby byla z\u016fstala v izolaci. Tato pozn\u00e1mka se vztahuje dokonce i na kvaziopera\u010dn\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 kapacity, kde jsme pokl\u00e1dali za samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee pom\u00e1h\u00e1me na\u0161im partner\u016fm na opl\u00e1tku za jejich pomoc p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji pro\u00adjektu ALADIN. Jestli\u017ee tomu tak v praxi bohu\u017eel v\u017edy nen\u00ed, aby (nap\u0159\u00edklad) \u010cHM\u00da profitoval ze spole\u010dn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladn\u00edho \u00fasp\u011bchu tolik jako M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France, je to z d\u016fvod\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou mimo m\u016fj vliv, jak jsem vysv\u011btlil ve sv\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi na va\u0161i p\u0159edchoz\u00ed ot\u00e1zku. Pokl\u00e1d\u00e1m dokonce za neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, \u017ee n\u011bk\u00adte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 si sou\u010dasn\u011b mohou st\u011b\u017eovat, \u017ee \u011b\u00e1st potenci\u00e1lu \u010cHM\u00da pom\u00e1h\u00e1 pokroku v M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France a z\u00e1rove\u0148 d\u011blat v\u0161e, co je v jejich sil\u00e1ch, aby \u010cHM\u00da zabr\u00e1nili profitovat z p\u0159esn\u011b t\u00e9ho\u017e pokroku. Abych se vr\u00e1til k va\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zce: v protikladu k tomuto objevu n\u011bkter\u00fdch velmi temn\u00fdch str\u00e1nek lidsk\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo pro n\u00e1s skute\u010dn\u011b pot\u011b\u0161en\u00edm pom\u00e1hat na\u0161im koleg\u016fm z meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb ve st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b, aby dohnali modern\u00ed technologii a p\u0159edvedli sv\u00e9 kva\u00adlity a sv\u016fj potenci\u00e1l mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komunit\u011b (to p\u0159edstavuje pro projekt ALADIN mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed ocen\u011bn\u00ed ne\u017e to, je\u017e jsem s politov\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u00e1v\u011b uvedl). Nev\u00e1h\u00e1m \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee &#8211; i kdyby v\u0161ech\u00adny ostatn\u00ed aspekty selhaly &#8211; tento samotn\u00fd fakt zp\u016fsobil, \u017ee se vynalo\u017een\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed vyplatilo.<\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>4. Spolupr\u00e1ce na projektu ARPEGE\/ALADIN je pro na\u0161e mlad\u00e9 spolupracovn\u00edky v\u00fdborn\u00e1 \u0161kola s mo\u017enos\u00adt\u00ed uplatnit jednak svoje znalosti a jednak po\u017eadavky synoptik\u016f, dosud p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b orientovan\u00fdch na offenba\u0161skou \u0161kolu a v\u00fdsledky n\u011bmeck\u00fdch model\u016f (DWD). P\u0159enos va\u0161ich p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed via RETIM, zap\u016fj\u010den\u00fd n\u00e1m v prvn\u00edch letech bez\u00faplatn\u011b, p\u0159edstavuje pro n\u00e1s nejen kvalitativn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m p\u0159enosu informac\u00ed, ale hlavn\u011b \u0161k\u00e1lu nov\u00fdch netradi\u010dn\u00edch dia\u00adgnostick\u00fdch i prognostick\u00fdch pol\u00ed, dovoluj\u00edc\u00edch zkva\u00adlitnit p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed. Je nad\u011bje, \u017ee bude postupn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eno vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f LAM ALADIN na v\u00edce ne\u017e 21 str\u00e1nek? S t\u00edm \u00fazce souvis\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zka. Sv\u011btov\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 organizace ustanovila Francouzskou meteorologickou slu\u017ebu tzv. Specializovan\u00fdm regio\u00adn\u00e1ln\u00edm meteorologick\u00fdm centrem pro v\u00fdpo\u010dty trajek\u00adtori\u00ed a disperzn\u00edch model\u016f v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b radia\u010dn\u00ed hav\u00e1rie. Jak\u00e9 postaven\u00ed m\u00e1 ALADIN v tomto projektu? <\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na rozd\u00edl od p\u0159edchoz\u00edch ot\u00e1zek se tato dvojit\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka d\u00e1 zodpov\u011bd\u011bt snadno. Jak v\u00edte, m\u00e1te nyn\u00ed se mnou interview u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti prvn\u00edho zased\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho poradn\u00edho v\u00fdboru (Scientific Advisory Committee &#8211; SAC) projektu RC LACE, v n\u011bm\u017e jsem pozorovatelem. V\u00fdbor pr\u00e1v\u011b rozhodl vybrat 32 produkty pro ka\u017edou ze \u0161estihodinov\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a d\u00e1t jim v\u00fdznamnou prioritu tak, aby byly v rozumn\u00e9m \u010dase (tj. za \u010dtvrt hodiny) p\u0159ed\u00e1ny do V\u00eddn\u011b (bu\u010f p\u0159es linky ECMWF, nebo p\u0159es Internet), kde ka\u017ed\u00fd z partner\u016f RC LACE by m\u011bl b\u00fdt schopen je z\u00edskat podle sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch priorit. To by se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b mohlo za\u010d\u00edt uskute\u010d\u0148ovat je\u0161t\u011b d\u0159\u00edve, kdyby se to bylo stalo prvn\u00ed prioritou akce RC LACE.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pokud jde o \u00falohu M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France v r\u00e1mci WMO v oboru trajektoriov\u00fdch a disperzn\u00edch model\u016f a o \u00falohu, kterou by v tom mohl hr\u00e1t ALADIN, odpov\u011b\u010f je jednoduch\u00e1: \u201eP\u0159ijde na to.&#8221; Skute\u010dn\u011b flexibiln\u00ed charakter, o n\u011bm\u017e jsem se ji\u017e zm\u00ednil (a to by byla jedna z hlavn\u00edch v\u00fdhod, kterou by \u010cHM\u00da mohl p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b z\u00edskat ze siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dasti na projektu ALA\u00adDIN), n\u00e1m v M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France umo\u017e\u0148uje zpracov\u00e1vat trajektoriov\u00e9 a disperzn\u00ed modely jako nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 moduly, kter\u00e9 odeb\u00edra\u00adj\u00ed sv\u00e9 vstupy ze standardizovan\u00fdch v\u00fdstupn\u00edch dat, lhostejno zda z programu ECMWF, ARPEGE nebo ALADIN. M\u00e1me v \u00famyslu, pokud to financov\u00e1n\u00ed dovol\u00ed, pon\u011bkud roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it kon\u00adcepci spolupr\u00e1ce ALADIN na v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj pr\u00e1v\u011b tohoto probl\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed zimu, ve spolupr\u00e1ci nejprve s \u010cMH\u00da. Av\u0161ak opakuji je\u0161t\u011b jednou: jakou maj\u00ed v\u0161echny tyto snahy cenu, jestli\u017ee v \u010cHM\u00da neexistuje kolektivn\u00ed v\u016fle p\u0159ijmout model ALADIN za vlastn\u00ed?<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>5. Prakticky paraleln\u011b s iniciativami Francouzsk\u00e9 mete\u00adorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby prob\u00edhala intenzivn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, semi\u00adn\u00e1\u0159e a konzultace organizovan\u00e9 Rakouskou meteoro\u00adlogickou slu\u017ebou se slu\u017ebami st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy. Na \u0159ad\u011b jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jste se objevoval jako deus ex machina. Va\u0161e iniciativy byly z\u00e1kladn\u00ed osnovou projektu LACE, pod\u00adporovan\u00fdm \u0159editeli st\u0159edoevropsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. Jak bude podle Va\u0161eho n\u00e1zoru toto p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9 centrum fun\u00adgovat, uv\u011bdom\u00edme-li si vzd\u00e1lenost mezi Toulouse a V\u00eddn\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se model ALADIN neobejde bez v\u00fdsledk\u016f modelu ARPEGE?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nyn\u00ed m\u011b chcete trochu provokovat! Kdy\u017e jsme na t\u00e9to z\u00e1le\u017eitosti pracovali v dobr\u00e9 shod\u011b v letech 1990\/92, ur\u010dit\u011b si pamatujete, \u017ee M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France (prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm koncepce ALADIN) v\u016fbec nebyla \u201edeus ex machina&#8221; projektu RC LACE. My jsme prost\u011b jen navrhli jedin\u00e9 sch\u016fdn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro sou\u010dasn\u00e9 vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jak modelu, tak v t\u00e9to v\u011bci zku\u0161en\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu, zat\u00edmco \u0159editel\u00e9 a technici m\u011bli m\u00edt obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd \u00fakol orga\u00adnizovat pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec a pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 infrastruktury pro chystan\u00e9 centrum. A to je m\u016fj nejprvn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvod pro osobn\u00ed hrdost v t\u00e9to z\u00e1le\u017eitosti: krom\u011b softwarov\u00e9ho produktu ALADIN existuje nyn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed modern\u00ed komunita mlad\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f mezi v\u0161emi partnery projektu ALADIN, lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed mohou s d\u016fv\u011brou spolupracovat i vz\u00e1jemn\u011b \u017eertovat s pomoc\u00ed moder\u00adn\u00ed technologie, kterou jsou obklopeni, kte\u0159\u00ed se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b nav\u00ad\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se r\u00e1di setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed v zahrani\u010d\u00ed p\u0159i v\u011bdeck\u00fdch akc\u00edch&#8230; Toto v\u0161e by neexistovalo, kdyby p\u016fvodn\u00ed koncepce LACE (importujme model jako \u201e\u010dernou sk\u0159\u00ednku&#8221; a kupme po\u010d\u00edta\u010d), kter\u00e9 se n\u00e1m spole\u010dn\u011b poda\u0159ilo zabr\u00e1nit, byla reali\u00adzov\u00e1na.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nyn\u00ed k va\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zce o vzd\u00e1lenosti a o nutnosti p\u0159ed\u00e1vat hra\u00adni\u010dn\u00ed podm\u00ednky z ARPEGE do modelu ALADIN, tj. z Toulouse do V\u00eddn\u011b. \u0158ekl bych prav\u00fd opak: vzd\u00e1lenost je p\u0159i\u00adbli\u017en\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00e1! Skute\u010dn\u011b, kdyby soubor zem\u00ed LACE a Francie m\u011bly spole\u010dnou hranici, pak by m\u00edstn\u00ed aplikace s velmi vyso\u00adk\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm musely sd\u00edlet v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch oblast\u00ed a nechat b\u011b\u017eet model ALADIN na dvou po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch by ur\u010dit\u011b p\u0159edstavovalo zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 zdvojen\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b by logistick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my za\u010daly b\u00fdt rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edmi, kdybychom hovo\u0159ili o vzd\u00e1lenostech \u010dty\u0159 tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f nebo v\u00edce, zat\u00edm\u00adco nyn\u00ed jsme v interaktivn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b, kde p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed se do po\u010d\u00ed\u00adta\u010de o dve\u0159e vedle nebo do jin\u00e9ho ve vzd\u00e1lenosti jednoho a\u017e dvou tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u00e9. Pokud jde o n\u00e1klady, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nalezena rovnov\u00e1ha bu\u010f mezi p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm pom\u011brn\u011b ma\u00adl\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00ed hrani\u010dn\u00edch podm\u00ednek a v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00edm za v\u00fdpo\u010dty, nebo t\u00edm, \u017ee v\u00fdpo\u010dty d\u011bl\u00e1 n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd za v\u00e1s levn\u011bji a p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 se objemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f. Skute\u010dn\u011b odhady ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1klady se zhruba vz\u00e1jemn\u011b vykompenzuj\u00ed, tak\u017ee v\u00fdhody \u201edeponovan\u00e9ho&#8221; \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jsou v podstat\u011b ty, kter\u00e9 jsem uvedl. V\u00fdpo\u010dty v RC LACE by skute\u010dn\u011b nezm\u011bnily produkty, kter\u00e9 byste obdr\u017eeli z projektu ALADIN, ale umo\u017enily by v\u00e1m kolektivn\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b rozhodnout o tom, kdy, s jakou frekvenc\u00ed aktualizace a s jak\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm si je p\u0159ejete, a dokonce model provozovat podle speci\u00e1ln\u00edch mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch pot\u0159eb. To jsou mo\u017enosti snad nikoliv presti\u017en\u00ed, av\u0161ak velmi podstatn\u00e9! Skute\u010dn\u011b up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b v\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee RC LACE ud\u011blal velkou strate\u00adgickou chybu t\u00edm, \u017ee ignoroval to, co jsem pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159ipomenul o rovnov\u00e1ze mezi v\u00fddaji na telekomunikace a na v\u00fdpo\u010dty a sp\u00ed\u0161e soust\u0159edil svou budoucnost na okam\u017eitou dostupnost hlavn\u00edho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Ji\u017e v roce 1991 jsem navrhl progresivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u00adstup k budouc\u00edmu opera\u010dn\u00edmu vyu\u017eit\u00ed produkt\u016f programu ALADIN ve st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b, \u010d\u00edm\u017e (nap\u0159\u00edklad) RC LACE by se stal za prv\u00e9 telekomunika\u010dn\u00edm uzlem (\u010d\u00edm\u017e nyn\u00ed stejn\u011b bude po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b jednoho roku), za druh\u00e9 domo\u00advem v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu pracuj\u00edc\u00edho na mal\u00e9m, ale kompatibil\u00adn\u00edm v\u00fdvojov\u00e9m po\u010d\u00edta\u010di (p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e by operativn\u00ed provoz z\u016fstal dislokov\u00e1n v Toulouse) a nakonec \u00faplnou jednotkou, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt zam\u011b\u0159ena na konstrukci. Bylo mi pot\u00e9 d\u00e1no na sro\u00adzum\u011bnou, \u017ee jsem p\u0159i navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto sch\u00e9matu dostate\u010dn\u011b nepochopil jemnosti st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy. Dnes, kdy RC LACE sto\u00adj\u00ed p\u0159ed velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi finan\u010dn\u00edmi obt\u00ed\u017eemi, pokud nechce nechat sv\u016fj \u010dasov\u00fd pl\u00e1n zaost\u00e1vat \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l t\u00edm v\u00edc, nev\u00edm, zda jsem se m\u00fdlil tak mnoho, jak se v t\u00e9 dob\u011b \u0159\u00edkalo! Opravdu, kdy\u017e si s\u00e1m sebe p\u0159edstav\u00edm v k\u016f\u017ei toho, kdo rozhoduje o pen\u011bz\u00edch, nedovedu si p\u0159edstavit, jak by mne mohl n\u011bkdo p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit v\u00edce n\u00e1zorem \u201ekupme po\u010d\u00edta\u010d a to vytvo\u0159\u00ed v\u0161echny technick\u00e9 a psychologick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro \u00fasp\u011bch&#8221; sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e n\u00e1zorem \u201epod\u00edvejte se na tyto produkty &#8211; nemysl\u00edte, \u017ee by bylo u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edt je \u010dast\u011bji, d\u0159\u00edve, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nezbytnosti tak rychle, jak jen mo\u017eno&#8221;?<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><\/div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>6. \u010c\u00e1st projektu ALADIN byla financov\u00e1na z grantu Evropsk\u00e9 unie Copernicus I. Po jeho skon\u010den\u00ed nebyl v\u0161ak z\u00edsk\u00e1n nov\u00fd grant Copernicus II. Jak se V\u00e1m jev\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce jednak na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto v\u00fdsledku a jednak v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch region\u00e1ln\u00edho centra LACE ve V\u00eddni?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Je pravda, \u017ee COPERNICUS II byl nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed grant, o jak\u00fd jsme se kdy uch\u00e1zeli na podporu projektu ALADIN a \u017ee tato \u017e\u00e1dost byla odm\u00edtnuta. Mus\u00edm v\u0161ak dodat, \u017ee to byla jedin\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dost z na\u0161ich dvan\u00e1cti, kter\u00e1 byla odm\u00edtnuta (v\u00fdsledek, kte\u00adr\u00fd by r\u00e1da prok\u00e1zala v\u011bt\u0161ina obdobn\u00fdch projekt\u016f!). P\u0159esto bude zima 95\/96 obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 (to bylo tak\u00e9 diskutov\u00e1no na v\u011bdec\u00adk\u00e9m poradn\u00edm v\u00fdboru projektu RC LACE), ale p\u0159esto d\u016fv\u011b\u00ad\u0159uji v dal\u0161\u00ed budoucnost. K lep\u0161\u00ed situaci za rok p\u0159isp\u011bj\u00ed t\u0159i v\u011bci: doufejme, \u017ee dynamika pokroku RC LACE pom\u016f\u017ee zjedno\u00addu\u0161it koordinaci \u00fakol\u016f v r\u00e1mci projektu; mo\u017enost provozovat model ALADIN po\u010d\u00ednaje t\u00edmto l\u00e9tem v redukovan\u00e9 v\u00fdzkum\u00adn\u00e9 verzi na pracovn\u00edch stanic\u00edch v ka\u017ed\u00e9 ze z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00ed (zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b na tzv. decentralizovan\u00fdch jednotk\u00e1ch RC LACE) sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed pot\u0159ebu dlouh\u00fdch st\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v Toulouse; kone\u010dn\u011b, co\u017e je zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, v p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 dob\u011b pozorujeme nov\u00fd jev: obje\u00advuj\u00ed se n\u00e1m nyn\u00ed mo\u017enosti financov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1ce na projektu ALADIN, ani\u017e bychom to p\u0159edem navrhovali! Alpsk\u00fd projekt ve st\u0159edn\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku (Mesoscale Alpine Project), Klimatick\u00fd regionaliza\u010dn\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u011b srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed projekt (Climate Regio-nalisation Intercomparison Project), program COMPARE -v\u0161echny usiluj\u00ed o \u00fa\u010dast specialist\u016f z projektu ALADIN p\u0159i sv\u00fdch \u010dinnostech. Tento nov\u00fd trend prost\u011b sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom, co jsem uvedl v\u00fd\u0161e: mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e1 komunita m\u00e1 mnohem p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fasudek o pr\u00e1ci na projektu ALADIN ne\u017e mnoz\u00ed samozvan\u00ed odborn\u00edci v \u00fa\u010dastnick\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Tak\u017ee, jestli\u017ee se n\u00e1m poda\u0159\u00ed naj\u00edt nouzov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed zimu, v\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee v\u011bdeck\u00e1 budoucnost programu ALADIN bude dobr\u00e1. Ani skute\u010dnost, \u017ee bude nutno pracovat s dodate\u010dnou \u00farovn\u00ed vzniklou decentralizovan\u00fdmi jednotkami, by nem\u011bla p\u0159edsta\u00advovat handicap. Tento nov\u00fd typ koordinace st\u011b\u017e\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy t\u0159iceti-\u010dty\u0159iceti lid\u00ed z deseti zem\u00ed v Toulouse, financovan\u00fdch z t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 tuctu zdroj\u016f a pob\u00fdvaj\u00ed\u00adc\u00edch tam dva t\u00fddny a\u017e \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, v pr\u016fm\u011bru \u010dtvrtinu jejich celkov\u00e9ho \u010dasu!<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>7. Pokud se najdou finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky, po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se s roz\u00advinut\u00edm nehydrostatick\u00e9 varianty modelu ALADIN, kterou rozpracovala ve spolupr\u00e1ci s V\u00e1mi dr. R. Bub\u00adnov\u00e1?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">D\u011bkuji v\u00e1m za tuto posledn\u00ed ot\u00e1zku, proto\u017ee mi umo\u017en\u00ed \u00faplnou odpov\u011b\u010f na t\u0159ech r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch tak, \u017ee u\u017eiji p\u0159\u00ed\u00adklad, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ozna\u010den jako nejp\u0159\u00edzna\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro pro\u00adjekt. Op\u011bt mi dovolte pro neinformovan\u00e9 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e n\u011bkolik v\u011bc\u00ed up\u0159esnit: v\u00fdvoj, o n\u011bm\u017e se zmi\u0148ujete, odpov\u00edd\u00e1 celosv\u011btov\u00e9 premi\u00e9\u0159e; m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt neoby\u010dejn\u011b blahod\u00e1rn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed, byl realizov\u00e1n v r\u00e1mci extern\u00ed aspirantury (Ph.D.) na \u010cHM\u00da pod dozorem jak MFF UK, tak University Paula Sabatiera v Toulouse a financov\u00e1n francouzsk\u00fdm ministerstvem pro v\u00fdzkum a dal\u0161\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed specifick\u00e9ho grantu projektu ALADIN, pokr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed\u00adho n\u00e1m\u011bty \u010dty\u0159 dizertac\u00ed. Av\u0161ak bez ohledu na spektakul\u00e1rnost tohoto p\u0159\u00edkladu &#8211; \u201evlajkov\u00e9 lodi&#8221; &#8211; by se nem\u011bla zakr\u00fd\u00advat skute\u010dnost, \u017ee \u010desk\u00e9 a slovensk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky k projektu ALADIN daleko p\u0159esahuj\u00ed tento r\u00e1mec: soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s v\u00fdvojem t\u00e9to nehydrostatick\u00e9 verze R. Bubnov\u00e1 vykonala hodn\u011b pr\u00e1ce p\u0159i p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edcehladinov\u00e9 informace z ARPEGE do mode\u00adlu ALADIN a na p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b k\u00f3du pro kvaziopera\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159echod, jako\u017e i pro chystan\u00e9 testy v LACE; M. Ba\u0165ka vyvinul origi\u00adn\u00e1ln\u00ed a p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b v\u00fdkonn\u00fd algoritmus zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed kompatibi\u00adlitu mezi spektr\u00e1ln\u00edm charakterem projektu ALADIN a jeho podstatou modelu na omezen\u00e9 oblasti; M. Janou\u0161ek vyvinul v rekordn\u00edm \u010dase kvazioperativn\u00ed verzi semilagrangeovsk\u00e9ho sch\u00e9matu modelu ALADIN a pracuje nyn\u00ed na dal\u0161\u00ed opti\u00admalizaci tohoto sch\u00e9matu; M. Janiskov\u00e1 optimalizovala nereflektivnost bo\u010dn\u00ed okrajov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a p\u0159ipravila verzi modelu ALADIN \u201eklimatick\u00e9ho typu&#8221;, kter\u00e1 pomohla p\u0159i ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed parametri\u00adzace; M. Sandev byl kl\u00ed\u010dovou osobou p\u0159i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm pokusu synoptick\u00e9ho ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd p\u0159edch\u00e1zel kvazioperativn\u00edmu provozu, zat\u00edmco L. \u0160pa\u010dek, V. Pastir\u010d\u00e1k, J. Mare\u0161 a Z. Pi\u0161utov\u00e1 hr\u00e1li m\u00e9n\u011b viditelnou, av\u0161ak t\u00e9\u017e v\u00fdznamnou roli p\u0159i eliminaci nespr\u00e1vn\u00fdch cest p\u0159i rozvoji modelu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nyn\u00ed se tedy vr\u00e1t\u00edm k va\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zce o nehydrostatick\u00e9 verzi, kter\u00e1 funguje velmi dob\u0159e za ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, av\u0161ak dosud nikoliv s celou po\u017eadovanou flexibilitou:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prvn\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f: Tato verze je dostate\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 pro budoucnost projektu, abych si byl jist, \u017ee pr\u00e1ce bude pokra\u00ad\u010dovat, ale prost\u011b nev\u00edm, za jak\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Druh\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f: Vych\u00e1z\u00edme-li z toho, \u017ee sou\u010dasnou hlav\u00adn\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou, stoj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00edmi aplikacemi t\u00e9to ver\u00adze, je jej\u00ed do\u010dasn\u00e1 neslu\u010ditelnost se semi-lagrangeovsk\u00fdm sch\u00e9matem a vzhledem k v\u00fd\u011btu v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch kompetenc\u00ed, \u010cHM\u00da a M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France se spole\u010dn\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed opat\u0159it pot\u0159ebnou finan\u010dn\u00ed podporu pro \u201e\u010desk\u00e9 ta\u017een\u00ed za nehydrostatick\u00fd semi-lagrangeovsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj v projektu ALADIN&#8221; p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed zimu. Jestli\u017ee by toto bohu\u017eel nevy\u0161lo, neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u201evyhra\u017een\u00e9 oblasti&#8221; uvnit\u0159 tak komplexn\u00edho t\u00fdmu, jako je t\u00fdm projektu ALADIN, tak\u017ee t\u00e9ma by mohlo snadno p\u0159estat b\u00fdt \u010deskou specialitou.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">T\u0159et\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f: Existuj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u0161ance, \u017ee prvn\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed aplikace t\u00e9to metody budou v r\u00e1mci RC LACE, tak\u017ee va\u0161e ot\u00e1zka by m\u011bla b\u00fdt polo\u017eena tak\u00e9 lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed rozhoduj\u00ed o \u010da\u00adsov\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu a strategii v\u011bdeck\u00e9 implementace RC LACE. Jin\u00fdmi slovy (a to bude m\u016fj z\u00e1v\u011br): M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France se pokou\u0161\u00ed pomoci v\u0161em t\u011bm, kdo se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed na ALADINu a bude v tom pokra\u010dovat, av\u0161ak nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt st\u00e1le n\u00e1hradou za sou\u010dasn\u00fd z\u0159ejm\u00fd nedostatek z\u00e1jmu v RC LACE o cokoliv v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho nebo technick\u00e9ho, vyjma zakoupen\u00ed superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Druh\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f je ov\u0161em pravd\u011b nejbl\u00ed\u017ee, av\u0161ak ani zb\u00fd\u00advaj\u00edc\u00ed dv\u011b nejsou nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>*) Projekt skandin\u00e1vsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed v\u00fdvoje numerick\u00e9ho p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho modelu po\u010das\u00ed s vysok\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Rozmlouval Miroslav \u0160koda, MZ 1995\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 48, str. 65-69<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-015c828 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"015c828\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9b5c1f9\" data-id=\"9b5c1f9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dddacf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dddacf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c23fbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6c23fbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">75. V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd \u00daSTAVU<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff3046b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff3046b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve skromn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch si vybran\u00ed pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu p\u0159ipomn\u011bli 75. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00ed \u00fastavu, kter\u00fd pod n\u00e1zvem St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd vznikl na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozhodnut\u00ed ministersk\u00e9 rady dne 9. 12. 1919.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na slavnostn\u00edm semin\u00e1\u0159i, kter\u00fd se uskute\u010dnil dne 15. prosince 1994 v budov\u011b \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed leteck\u00e9ho provozu v Praze-Ruzyni, si pozvan\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci p\u0159ipomn\u011bli i dal\u0161\u00ed d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed jubilea: 40. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu (1954) a 25. v\u00fd\u00adro\u010d\u00ed vzniku n\u00e1rodn\u00edho \u00fastavu &#8211; dne\u0161n\u00edho \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydro\u00admeteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu. Semin\u00e1\u0159e, tematicky zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho k historii i k sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu stavu a rozvoji \u00fastavu, se z\u00fa\u00ad\u010dastnili i z\u00e1stupci SHM\u00da, Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, Matematic\u00adko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulty UK, Arm\u00e1dy \u010cR, OMNIPOLu i firmy VAISALA. Chyb\u011bl, bohu\u017eel, z\u00e1stupce Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00ed\u00adho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V \u00favodn\u00edm refer\u00e1tu se \u0159editel \u010cHM\u00da I. Obrusn\u00edk soust\u0159edil p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na prezentaci sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu a vymezen\u00ed nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f. Mezi priority za\u0159adil nutnost nov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed jak v profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edti (automatizace), tak i s\u00edti dobrovolnick\u00e9. Pokra\u010duje se v do\u00adbudov\u00e1n\u00ed radioloka\u010dn\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed (dokon\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed radaru Skalky na Morav\u011b) i vybaven\u00ed pracovi\u0161\u0165 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techni\u00adkou (nap\u0159. instalace telekomunika\u010dn\u00edho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de NETSYS v z\u00e1v\u011bru roku &#8211; viz \u010dl\u00e1nek K. Pe\u0161aty v tomto \u010d\u00edsle). Doch\u00e1z\u00ed i ke kompletn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed leti\u0161tn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho provozu na leti\u0161ti v Praze-Ruzyni a postupn\u011b i na dal\u0161\u00edch leti\u0161t\u00edch \u010cR. S budovan\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem od firmy VAISALA (MIDAS 600) se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci sezn\u00e1mili p\u0159\u00edmo v objektu leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 stanice v are\u00e1lu leti\u0161t\u011b. Na \u00faseku p\u0159edpo\u00adv\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed byl akcentov\u00e1n v\u00fdznam vyu\u017eit\u00ed poznatk\u016f z mo\u00addelov\u00e1n\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V refer\u00e1tu zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9m na historii \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie shrnul K. Kr\u0161ka d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 mezn\u00edky rozvoje, zejm\u00e9na budov\u00e1n\u00ed stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b (v r. 1919 &#8211; 56 stanic, v r. 1928 &#8211; 193 stanic), v\u00fdznam letectv\u00ed pro pos\u00edlen\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9ho a odborn\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu \u00fastavu (\u201eletectv\u00ed se stalo motorem rozvoje mete\u00adorologie&#8221;), postupn\u00e9 p\u0159idru\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch odborn\u00fdch \u010dinnos\u00adt\u00ed (1954 hydrologie, 1967 \u010distota ovzdu\u0161\u00ed), \u00farove\u0148 publika\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti v meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed. Postupn\u00e9 budov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u00adbo\u010dek \u00fastavu od 60. let a\u017e k sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu stavu umo\u017enilo operativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb na region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni. V z\u00e1\u00adv\u011bru vzpomenul na v\u0161echny zam\u011bstnance, kte\u0159\u00ed vytvo\u0159ili v pr\u016fb\u011bhu n\u011bkolika generac\u00ed nezpochybniteln\u00e9 hodnoty a zaslou\u017eili se o dobr\u00e9 jm\u00e9no \u00fastavu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Informa\u010dn\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00fd a p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00fd byl refer\u00e1t Z. Nov\u00e1ka o historii leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby &#8211; upravenou verzi publikujeme v tomto \u010d\u00edsle.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">S meteorologick\u00fdm zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm sportovn\u00edho l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed, zejm\u00e9\u00adna bezmotorov\u00e9ho, sezn\u00e1mil J. Kop\u00e1\u010dek. Stru\u010dn\u011b charakte\u00adrizoval vysokou \u00farove\u0148 t\u011bchto slu\u017eeb v 60. letech. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 s politov\u00e1n\u00edm konstatoval, \u017ee zpravodajstv\u00ed pro plachta\u0159e zmizelo p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety z rozhlasu a v televizi lze \u010derpat pouze ze v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 relace o po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z\u00e1stupce Arm\u00e1dy \u010cR F. Sochor zd\u016fraznil zejm\u00e9na v\u00fd\u00adznam dohody o spolupr\u00e1ci uzav\u0159en\u00e9 v roce 1993 s \u010cHM\u00da, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb i programov\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed. Od roku 1995 bude na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed fungovat \u0161est vojensk\u00fdch leti\u0161\u0165 s nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fdm provozem: Praha-Kbely, \u010c\u00e1slav, Pardubice, Plze\u0148-L\u00edn\u011b, N\u00e1m\u011b\u0161\u0165 nad Oslavou a P\u0159erov.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V pozdravn\u00fdch projevech vyslovil I. Zuzula p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed nad\u00e1le rozv\u00edjet spolupr\u00e1ci po des\u00edtilet\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159enou jak na \u00faseku odborn\u00e9m, tak i na \u00farovni osobn\u00edch vztah\u016f. J. \u0160tekl (\u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR) zd\u016fraznil v\u00fdznam tradic a \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed z tradic a pouk\u00e1zal na d\u016fle\u017eitost dal\u0161\u00edch instituc\u00ed zab\u00fdva\u00adj\u00edc\u00edch se meteorologi\u00ed, mezi nimi\u017e \u00daFA AV sehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdraznou roli.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve\u010der se pak pozvan\u00ed host\u00e9 z\u00fa\u010dastnili je\u0161t\u011b koktajlu, sponzorovan\u00e9ho firmou VAISALA, na kter\u00e9m byla vzpo\u00admenuta i pades\u00e1tilet\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce mezi Sv\u011btovou meteoro\u00adlogickou organizac\u00ed a Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizac\u00ed pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Je dobr\u00e9, \u017ee v dob\u011b, je\u017e nen\u00ed oslav\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b naklon\u011bna, nebylo v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00fastavu zcela opominuto. Je pot\u011b\u0161iteln\u00e9, \u017ee \u0161lo o vzpom\u00ednku neok\u00e1zalou, skromnou, pracovn\u00ed. Zd\u00e1 se n\u00e1m v\u0161ak, \u017ee skromnost a anonymita byly a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9. 751et\u00e1 existence \u00fastavu mohla a m\u011bla b\u00fdt vyu\u017eita k pos\u00edlen\u00ed tra\u00addice, odborn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti, k p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed stavovsk\u00e9 hrdosti. Pozv\u00e1n\u00edm n\u011bkolika \u201epam\u011btn\u00edk\u016f&#8221; a z\u00e1stupc\u016f mlad\u00e9 generace by se n\u00e1klady o moc nezv\u00fd\u0161ily.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 1995\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 48, str. 8<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c762f6b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c762f6b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f26af05\" data-id=\"f26af05\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2cc4f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2cc4f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efd9399 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"efd9399\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ad: ROZHOVOR S VEDOUC\u00cdM KATEDRY METEOROLOGIE A OCHRANY PROST\u0158ED\u00cd MATEMATICKO-FYZIK\u00c1LN\u00cd FAKULTY UK<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5185fd8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5185fd8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p>(Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy \u010d. 5\/1994)<\/p><h2><strong>POZN\u00c1MKY K ODPOV\u011aD\u00cdM DOC. RNDr. OTAKA\u00adRA ZIKMUNDY, CSc.<\/strong><\/h2><p class=\"rtejustify\">Kdy\u017e jsem se zam\u00fd\u0161lel nad formulacemi ot\u00e1zek pro ve\u00addouc\u00edho katedry meteorologie, klimatologie a \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed MFF UK, byl pro mne dominantn\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fd pl\u00e1n rozvoje oboru (do roku 2005), p\u0159ijat\u00fd letos v dubnu Komis\u00ed pro atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 v\u011bdy Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 orga\u00adnizace, dopln\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159edstavou, \u017ee se z odpov\u011bd\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 a za\u00adujat\u00fd meteorolog \u010di adept meteorologie do\u010dte o rozvoji a n\u00e1\u00adsledn\u00e9 profilaci katedry v d\u016fsledku v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch posun\u016f pro\u00adb\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edch v oboru.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Meteorologie, klimatologie i ochrana \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed zaznamenaly v posledn\u00ed dek\u00e1d\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 se net\u00fdkaj\u00ed toliko bou\u0159liv\u00e9ho rozvoje objektivn\u00edch numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch metod v d\u016fsledku vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f a koncentrace odborn\u00edk\u016f v n\u011bkolika n\u00e1rodn\u00edch \u010di mezin\u00e1\u00adrodn\u00edch centrech, ale t\u00e9\u017e rozvoje a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u00adstrojov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed. Uve\u010fme nam\u00e1tkou monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed dy\u00adnamick\u00fdch proces\u016f v oblac\u00edch pomoc\u00ed mikrovlnn\u00fdch radiometr\u016f, dopplerovsk\u00fdch radar\u016f a leteck\u00e9ho vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ke studiu p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed vrstvy atmosf\u00e9ry se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dopplerovsk\u00e9 sodary (jen v \u010cHM\u00da A UFA AV \u010cR jich je nejm\u00e9n\u011b 5), senzory na m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed turbulence, laserov\u00e1 technika na m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tok\u016f vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry. \u00damysln\u011b se nezmi\u0148uji o radarov\u00fdch auto\u00admatizovan\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech \u010di p\u0159\u00edstroj\u00edch na palub\u00e1ch dru\u017eic s pol\u00e1rn\u00ed drahou letu a geostacion\u00e1rn\u00edch dru\u017eic\u00edch.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Profilace katedry vzhledem k vybudovan\u00fdm tradic\u00edm dal\u0161\u00edch kateder jin\u00fdch vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol (P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fa\u00adkulta Masarykovy univerzity v Brn\u011b \u010di katedry \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v Praze a \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem) je \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. V dob\u011b tr\u017en\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, a s t\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi kladn\u00fdmi i z\u00e1porn\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky, bude prob\u00edhat \u201eboj&#8221; o poslucha\u010de. Poslucha\u010dovy po\u017eadavky budou jaz\u00fd\u010dkem na misce vah existence jednotliv\u00fdch kateder, a to nejen v na\u0161em oboru. Katedry poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed pouze v\u0161eobecn\u011b vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed p\u0159ehled (co\u017e v\u0161ichni pova\u017eujeme za samoz\u0159ejmost) budou b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch let bez \u0161anc\u00ed, nebo budou vzd\u011bl\u00e1vat jen pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 poslucha\u010de.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nen\u00ed toti\u017e pravdou, \u017ee ve velk\u00fdch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch centrech pracuj\u00ed na modelech libovoln\u00e9ho horizont\u00e1ln\u00edho \u010di \u010dasov\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159\u00edtka v hydrostatick\u00e9 \u010di nehydrostatick\u00e9 verzi v\u00fdhradn\u011b specialist\u00e9 na numerick\u00e9 metody, tedy matematici. Naopak \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed jsou meteorologov\u00e9 &#8211; specialist\u00e9, maj\u00edc\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ucelen\u00fd p\u0159ehled o oboru, dopln\u011bn\u00fd speci\u00e1ln\u00edm zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na soudobou statistiku, numerickou matematiku, fyziku \u010di dokonce i chemii, o p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed vrstv\u011b ani nemluv\u011b. Pon\u011bkud sporn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je specializace na technick\u00e9 prost\u0159edky pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed jev\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e1 technika a jej\u00ed d\u016fsledn\u00e1 komputerizace je na MFF UK \u00faplnou popelkou. A to je \u0161koda. \u0158ada dosud \u201ene\u00adp\u0159\u00edmo odvozovan\u00fdch&#8221; parametr\u016f a veli\u010din je ji\u017e nyn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo m\u011b\u0159ena. Zat\u00edm dostupn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky odkr\u00fdvaj\u00ed nov\u00e9 pohledy na \u0159adu jev\u016f. K jejich anal\u00fdze jsou nutn\u00e9 nov\u00e9 statistick\u00e9 metody stejn\u011b jako u syntetick\u00fdch pohled\u016f na asimilaci dat, post-processing a \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch discipl\u00edn.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Je nesporn\u00e9, a to s panem docentem Zikmundou souhla\u00ads\u00edm, \u017ee po\u010det hodin je limituj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem p\u0159i sestavov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u010debn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f a \u017ee tento po\u010det hodin, m\u00e1-li se postihnout cel\u00fd obor kurzovn\u00edmi p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kami, v podstat\u011b ani nesta\u010d\u00ed. Z tohoto faktu je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba vyvodit z\u00e1v\u011bry sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed k pro\u00adfilaci katedry, k jej\u00edmu zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na dv\u011b t\u0159i discipl\u00edny a ostat\u00adn\u00ed p\u0159enechat jin\u00fdm specializuj\u00edc\u00edm se katedr\u00e1m. Dob\u0159e v\u00edm, \u017ee pokud byla feder\u00e1ln\u00ed republika, konzultovaly katedry v Praze a Bratislav\u011b svoje u\u010debn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny, sna\u017eily se, aby se ani na jedn\u00e9 nep\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161elo m\u00e9n\u011b discipl\u00edn, i kdy\u017e t\u0159eba nebyli k dispozici odborn\u00edci na dan\u00e9 kated\u0159e. Ob\u011b katedry si vz\u00e1\u00adjemn\u011b vypom\u00e1haly a vyu\u017e\u00edvaly t\u00e9\u017e extern\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f SHM\u00da, \u010cHM\u00da a \u00daFA AV \u010cR. Cel\u00fd probl\u00e9m by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161it p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu, pro kter\u00fd horuje do\u00adcent Zikmunda, vyps\u00e1n\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu semin\u00e1\u0159\u016f a nepo\u00advinn\u00fdch p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee b\u011bhem nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch let dojde k v\u00fd\u00adrazn\u00e9mu posunut\u00ed my\u0161len\u00ed jak v \u010cHM\u00da, tak na Kated\u0159e MFF UK, dojde ke konzultac\u00edm nejen mezi Prahou a Bra\u00adtislavou, ale i mezi katedrami vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky tak, aby nedoch\u00e1zelo k \u00fabytku poslucha\u010d\u016f nebo k jejich odchodu na studie do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Stejn\u011b tak douf\u00e1m, \u017ee si pracovn\u00edci katedry vychovaj\u00ed svoje n\u00e1stupce, kte\u0159\u00ed se budou v\u011bnovat nejen v\u011bdeck\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, ale i promy\u0161len\u00e9 a c\u00edlen\u00e9 pedagogick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Domn\u00edval jsem se, \u017ee vedouc\u00ed katedry ve sv\u00fdch odpo\u00adv\u011bd\u00edch zd\u016frazn\u00ed vznik \u0161koly numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch metod, \u0161koly, kter\u00e1 vychovala \u0159adu vynikaj\u00edc\u00edch odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed na sv\u00fdch nov\u00fdch pracovi\u0161t\u00edch d\u00e1le rozv\u00edjej\u00ed tuto prob\u00adlematiku, a to jak v \u00daFA AV \u010cR, \u010cHM\u00da, \u010di v posledn\u00edch letech i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Profesor Brandejs, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed sv\u00fdch rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch znalost\u00ed a proz\u00edrav\u00e9 intuice, rozv\u00edjel systematicky tuto \u0161kolu. Byl hluboce p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den o perspektiv\u011b tohoto oboru, jeho prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed nebylo jednoduch\u00e9, proto\u017ee proti n\u011bmu st\u00e1la jako monolit hradba klasick\u00fdch synoptik\u016f od Chebu a\u017e po Ko\u0161ice. Nav\u00edc je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee to nebyl ani Ameri\u010dan, ani Angli\u010dan \u010di Rus, kdo napsal prvn\u00ed uce\u00adlenou u\u010debnici numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch model\u016f, ale pr\u00e1v\u011b prof. Brandejs, a nav\u00edc, listujeme-li v Meteorolo\u00adgick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch a sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let, st\u011b\u017e\u00ed ob\u00adjev\u00edme \u011b\u00edslo, ve kter\u00e9m by nebyl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek Brandejse nebo jeho prvn\u00edch \u017e\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V osmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech nelze opominout rozs\u00e1hlou publi\u00adka\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost J. Bedn\u00e1\u0159e se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na tematiku p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed vrstvy atmosf\u00e9ry. V\u00fdsledky vy\u00fastily do modelu rozptylu a p\u0159enosu antropogenn\u00edch ingredienc\u00ed. Model vypracovan\u00fd Va\u0161\u00edm kolektivem p\u0159evzal \u010cHM\u00da. J. Bedn\u00e1\u0159 vychoval \u0159adu zdatn\u00fdch n\u00e1sledovn\u00edk\u016f, z nich\u017e n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se uplat\u0148uj\u00ed v me\u00adzin\u00e1rodn\u00edch projektech a R. Bubnov\u00e1 byla zvolena Komis\u00ed pro atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 v\u011bdy SMO report\u00e9rkou problematiky p\u0159\u00ed\u00adzemn\u00ed vrstvy atmosf\u00e9ry v r\u00e1mci Pracovn\u00ed skupiny kr\u00e1tko\u00addob\u00fdch numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mysl\u00edm t\u00e9\u017e, \u017ee \u00faloha, kterou sehr\u00e1v\u00e1 J. Kalvov\u00e1 se sv\u00fdmi \u017e\u00e1ky v r\u00e1mci N\u00e1rodn\u00edho klimatick\u00e9ho programu nen\u00ed t\u00e9\u017e zanedbateln\u00e1. \u010cinnost M. Ba\u0165ky p\u0159i formulaci a hlavn\u011b realizaci numerick\u00e9ho modelu \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fasta\u00advu je dostate\u010dn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1 a nen\u00ed ji t\u0159eba zde znovu deklarovat. Domn\u00edv\u00e1m se, \u017ee pov\u011bstn\u00e1 skromnost vedouc\u00edho katedry pana docenta Zikmundy je zbyte\u010dn\u00e1.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nejpodstatn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak je, \u017ee po smrti prof. Brandejse chyb\u00ed na kated\u0159e profesor a jedin\u00fd doktor v\u011bd nen\u00ed p\u016fvodem me\u00adteorolog, ale matematik. Chci v\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee tento nedostatek bude v brzk\u00e9 dob\u011b napraven, a to jak v z\u00e1jmu katedry, tak tradic \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Miroslav \u0160koda, MZ 1994\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 1947, str. 191-192<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f4707ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f4707ac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-799e8c8\" data-id=\"799e8c8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24453d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"24453d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/plaketa1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edb1c22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"edb1c22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ROZHOVOR S VEDOUC\u00cdM KATEDRY METEOROLOGIE A OCHRANY PROST\u0158ED\u00cd MATEMATICKO-FYZIK\u00c1LN\u00cd FAKULTY UK DOC. RNDr. OTAKAREM ZIKMUNDOU, CSc.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f26a9df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f26a9df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p class=\"rtejustify\">1. <em>Pane docente, jakou tradici m\u00e1 studium meteorologie a klimatologie na Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakult\u011b UK, jak se m\u011bnilo v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let jeho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v n\u00e1vaznos\u00adti na praktick\u00e9 po\u017eadavky?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Tradice na vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch v\u011bt\u0161inou znamen\u00e1, \u017ee del\u0161\u00ed dobu se v\u011bnuje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 pozornost n\u011bkter\u00e9mu sm\u011bru v\u011bdn\u00edho oboru, kter\u00e1 se prom\u00edtne t\u00e9\u017e do v\u00fduky. V meteorologii by to nap\u0159. mohlo b\u00fdt \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed teoretick\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek, problematika m\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edch metod, z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, zm\u011bny klimatu, studium jev\u016f ve vysok\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e atd. V takto nebo podobn\u011b \u00fazce vyhra\u00adn\u011bn\u00fdch sm\u011brech katedra tradici nem\u00e1, i kdy\u017e mo\u017en\u00e1 v po\u00adv\u011bdom\u00ed odborn\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti se pova\u017euj\u00ed za tradici ot\u00e1zky spojen\u00e9 s \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm objektivizace p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed. Osobn\u011b se domn\u00edv\u00e1m, \u017ee d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u201etradic\u00ed&#8221; je poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1\u00adkladn\u00edch znalost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou v souladu se sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi poznatky oboru. Proto se nezbytn\u011b n\u00e1pl\u0148 studia m\u011bnila a do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry se p\u0159izp\u016fsobovala po\u017eadavk\u016fm, kter\u00e9 Sv\u011btov\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 organizace doporu\u010dovala pro vysoko\u0161kolsky vzd\u011blan\u00e9 pracovn\u00edky v oboru.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">2. <em>M\u016f\u017eete stanovit na z\u00e1klad\u011b obsahov\u00e9ho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fduky ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed etapy, kter\u00e9 charakte\u00adristick\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem ovlivnily nejen zp\u016fsob v\u00fduky, ale i \u201ekvalifikaci&#8221; absolvent\u016f?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jak jsem se zm\u00ednil, v\u00fduka meteorologie na Matematic\u00adko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakult\u011b UK v Praze se p\u0159izp\u016fsobovala nov\u00fdm v\u011bdeck\u00fdm poznatk\u016fm a po\u017eadavk\u016fm praktick\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Krom\u011b dobr\u00e9ho p\u0159ehledu p\u0159es meteorologii (vyj\u00edmaje n\u00e1\u00admo\u0159n\u00ed meteorologii, p\u0159\u00edp. biometeorologii), mysl\u00edm, \u017ee absolventi maj\u00ed solidn\u00ed znalosti nap\u0159. z ot\u00e1zek t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry, antropogenn\u00edch vliv\u016f na klima a jeho zm\u011bny, p\u0159\u00edp. i vyu\u017eit\u00ed matematick\u00fdch a statistick\u00fdch metod p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed praktick\u00fdch \u00faloh. Mnohdy se proto mohou uplatnit i mimo obor. V\u00fduka za n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek let se po\u00adstupn\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobovala zejm\u00e9na po\u017eadavk\u016fm praxe. Proto nechci stanovovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed etapy ve zm\u011bn\u00e1ch, ostatn\u011b nejsem velk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edznivcem n\u011bjak\u00fdch revolu\u010dn\u00edch zm\u011bn, ze\u00adjm\u00e9na ne ve v\u00fduce.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>3. Po roce 1989 do\u0161lo v na\u0161em oboru k d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm zm\u011b\u00adn\u00e1m (kvalitn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed technika, zaveden\u00ed automa\u00adtick\u00fdch pozorovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f aj.). N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z absolvent\u016f katedry se \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b prosadili i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, o \u010dem\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed nap\u0159. spolupr\u00e1ce s M\u00e9t\u00e9o France na v\u00fdvoji modelu ALADIN. Jak\u00fd je V\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1zor na tyto kontakty a na do\u00adsa\u017een\u00fd posun v odborn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b? <\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po mnoha letech v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 izolace je t\u0159eba ka\u017ed\u00fd mezi\u00adn\u00e1rodn\u00ed kontakt na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f uv\u00edtat a rozumn\u011b podporovat. Ot\u00e1zka je ov\u0161em formulov\u00e1na v p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fazk\u00e9 n\u00e1\u00advaznosti na model ALADIN. Jedn\u00e1 se o jednor\u00e1zovou akci. i kdy\u017e vzhledem k rozs\u00e1hlosti trv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik let; nemysl\u00edm, \u017ee n\u011bjak\u00fdm podstatn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem by se m\u011bl m\u011bnit obsah v\u00fduky poslucha\u010d\u016f meteorologie na fakult\u011b. Pokud je mi zn\u00e1mo, ale mohu se m\u00fdlit, spolupr\u00e1ce spo\u010d\u00edvala p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v matematicko-technick\u00fdch \u00fakolech a nikoliv ve formulo\u00adv\u00e1n\u00ed modelu po meteorologick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce. Domn\u00edv\u00e1m se, \u017ee v podobn\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci by mohli \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vystupovat i absolventi jin\u00fdch sm\u011br\u016f na Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakult\u011b UK, nap\u0159. matematick\u00e9ho nebo fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho modelov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edp. i teoretick\u00e9 fyziky. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu tedy nepokl\u00e1d\u00e1m za v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 m\u011bnit obsah v\u00fduky meteorologie.<\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\">4. <em>Rozd\u011blen\u00ed \u010ceskoslovenska se nijak nedotklo v\u00fduky meteorologie a klimatologie v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Do\u00admn\u00edv\u00e1te se, \u017ee v\u00fduka na p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00fdch fakult\u00e1ch v Brn\u011b a Praze a na Va\u0161\u00ed fakult\u011b pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 pot\u0159eby v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch a provozn\u00edch \u00fastav\u016f, nebo si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee by bylo \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed v\u00edce diferencovat v\u00fduku, nap\u0159. pod\u00adstatn\u011b intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm studiem matematiky a kyberne\u00adtiky u V\u00e1s?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po\u017eadavky a pot\u0159eby v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch a provozn\u00edch \u00fastav\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se meteorologie jsou velmi rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9. Dal\u0161\u00ed dife\u00adrenciace u tak mal\u00e9ho oboru, jak\u00fdm meteorologie je, nen\u00ed \u00fanosn\u00e1. Nelze p\u0159ece vychov\u00e1vat \u00fazce zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho speci\u00adalistu pro n\u011bjak\u00e9 m\u00edsto, na kter\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e1 ani nebude cht\u00edt v budoucnosti nastoupit a nenastoup\u00ed. Pokud se t\u00fdk\u00e1 intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho studia matematiky a kybernetiky v r\u00e1mci meteorologie, nemysl\u00edm, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 a nutn\u00e9. Pokud \u00fastavy po\u017eaduj\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed znalosti v t\u011bchto sm\u011brech, mohou zam\u011bstn\u00e1\u00advat absolventy jin\u00fdch zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, o nich\u017e jsem se zm\u00ednil v p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed ot\u00e1zce.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>5. Jak\u00fd je z\u00e1jem o studium meteorologie &#8211; m\u00e1 vzestup\u00adnou nebo sestupnou \u00farove\u0148? Domn\u00edv\u00e1te se v t\u00e9to sou\u00advislosti, \u017ee nov\u00fd vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00ed s p\u0159\u00ed\u00adsp\u011bvky rodi\u010d\u016f na studium ovlivn\u00ed po\u010det z\u00e1jemc\u016f o obor, kter\u00fd rozhodn\u011b nelze pova\u017eovat za finan\u010dn\u011b atraktivn\u00ed?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z\u00e1jem o studium meteorologie je ji\u017e \u0159adu let na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b stejn\u00e9 \u00farovni. V\u00fdjimkou byl jen rok 1991, kdy po uvoln\u011bn\u00ed tehdej\u0161\u00edch studijn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sil \u201erekordn\u00ed&#8221; po\u010det poslucha\u010d\u016f. Odhadnout dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj z\u00e1jmu student\u016f o me\u00adteorologii nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9, zejm\u00e9na v souvislosti s p\u0159edpokl\u00e1\u00addan\u00fdm \u201e\u0161koln\u00fdm&#8221;. Objevuje se toti\u017e tendence, a to nikoliv pouze v meteorologii, \u017ee poslucha\u010di po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m ukon\u010den\u00ed studia a z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho diplomu od\u00adch\u00e1zej\u00ed do finan\u010dn\u011b atraktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed mimo obor. Tato tendence bude z\u0159ejm\u011b trvalej\u0161\u00edho r\u00e1zu a na trhu pr\u00e1ce bude v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat n\u00e1stup odborn\u00edk\u016f do specializo\u00advan\u00fdch instituc\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>6. Jak\u00e1 je \u00farove\u0148 spolupr\u00e1ce s \u010cesk\u00fdm hydrometeoro\u00adlogick\u00fdm \u00fastavem z hlediska dlouhodob\u00fdch zku\u0161enos\u00adt\u00ed i sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Spolupr\u00e1ci s \u010cesk\u00fdm hydrometeorologick\u00fdm \u00fastavem mohu posuzovat pouze z hlediska katedry. Podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1\u00adzoru byla n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek let na velmi dobr\u00e9 \u00farovni, a to nejenom v r\u00e1mci v\u011bdeck\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce, ale i po pedagogick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce (extern\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9 a \u010dlenov\u00e9 zku\u0161ebn\u00edch komis\u00ed z pra\u00adcovn\u00edk\u016f \u010cHM\u00da, praxe student\u016f o pr\u00e1zdnin\u00e1ch na praco\u00advi\u0161t\u00edch \u010cHM\u00da apod.). Sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav jist\u011b l\u00e9pe posoud\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 \u010cHM\u00da, osobn\u011b se domn\u00edv\u00e1m, \u017ee spolupr\u00e1ce se nezhor\u0161ila, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b podstatn\u011b nezm\u011bnila.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>7. V roce 1995 uplyne 90 let od doby, kdy V. Bjerknes zformuloval fyzik\u00e1ln\u011b-matematick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro nu\u00admerickou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed. Po ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m Richardsonov\u011b pokusu ve 20. letech do\u0161lo sice k zapomn\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9to metody, ale s rozvojem v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techniky po dru\u00adh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce do\u0161lo k bou\u0159liv\u00e9mu rozvoji p\u0159edpo\u00adv\u011bdn\u00edch metod a v\u00fdsledky jsou nepopirateln\u00e9. Domn\u00ed\u00adv\u00e1te se, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 i nad\u00e1le aplikovat klasickou nor\u00adskou synoptickou \u0161kolu na v\u00fdsledky numerick\u00fdch me\u00adtod? Jste naklon\u011bn my\u0161lence, \u017ee pojem klasick\u00e9 fronty se z numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch metod vytr\u00e1c\u00ed? <\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zpochyb\u0148ovat v\u00fdsledky fyzik\u00e1ln\u011b matematick\u00fdch metod\u00a0 pro p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f tlakov\u00e9ho a teplotn\u00edho pole na n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed dop\u0159edu nem\u016f\u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd soudn\u00fd odborn\u00edk, proto\u017ee ve v\u0161ech sm\u011brech vysoce p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed mo\u017enosti klasick\u00e9 norsk\u00e9 \u0161koly pri p\u0159edpov\u011bdi tzv. synoptick\u00e9 situace. Ov\u0161em vyu\u017eit\u00ed pojmu \u201efronta&#8221; p\u0159i p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed nen\u00ed ve sporu s objektivn\u00edmi p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edmi v\u00fdsledky celkov\u00e9 situace. Fronty jsou ur\u010ditou zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry a zat\u00edm mi nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee by byly vhodn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zahrnuty do objektivn\u00edho p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho procesu. Dosavadn\u00ed zmen\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kroku s\u00edt\u011b na n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo des\u00edtek kilometr\u016f p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed prognostick\u00fdch soustav je toti\u017e sp\u00ed\u0161e matematickou form\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou ne\u017e fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm reality front. Ostatn\u011b dosavadn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed obla\u010dnosti z dru\u017eic dokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee v p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f jsou modelov\u00e1 sch\u00e9mata norsk\u00e9 \u0161koly spr\u00e1vn\u00e1. Bude z\u00e1le\u017eet na progn\u00f3zn\u00edm \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edkovi, jak bude schopen vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u0161ech \u00fadaj\u016f a znalost\u00ed k zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed. I kdyby v budoucnosti pojem fronty zmizel z p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed, mysl\u00edm, \u017ee trvale z\u016fstane ve znalostech meteorologick\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f. Jinou ot\u00e1zkou je, zda se v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pojem fronty zbyte\u010dn\u011b nezneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>8. Jste spokojen s v\u00fdsledky katedry, kterou \u0159\u00edd\u00edte? Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee je uspokojiv\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bna kontinuita v\u00fduky v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch letech s ohledem na v\u011bkovou skladbu u\u010ditel\u016f?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Spokojenost s v\u00fdsledky n\u011bjak\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b je v\u017edy ne\u00adbezpe\u010dn\u00e1, a to a\u0165 se jedn\u00e1 o v\u011bdeck\u00e1, \u0161kolsk\u00e1 nebo jin\u00e1 pracovi\u0161t\u011b. Sebeuspokojen\u00ed nem\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k rozumn\u00e9mu po\u00adkroku, pouze k stagnaci nebo \u00fapadku. K druh\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti ot\u00e1zky podot\u00fdk\u00e1m pouze to, \u017ee jist\u00e1 kontinuita bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bna. Sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom toti\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 shrnuj\u00edc\u00ed publikace, jejich\u017e autory jsou mlad\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00edci katedry. Skladbu u\u010di\u00adtel\u016f bohu\u017eel nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 a ani nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 podstatn\u011bji ovlivnit. D\u0159\u00edve to byly ideologick\u00e9 z\u00e1brany kombinovan\u00e9 s um\u011bl\u00fdmi p\u0159edstavami o perspektivn\u00edch a ne\u00adperspektivn\u00edch oborech, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b jsou to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm m\u00e1lo p\u0159ita\u017eliv\u00e9 platy za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Rozhovor p\u0159ipravil Miroslav \u0160koda, srpen 1994, MZ 1994\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 47, str. 129-130<\/em><\/p><\/div><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-08e0a6a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"08e0a6a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ddd47c6\" data-id=\"ddd47c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40dab54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"40dab54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a78f2f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a78f2f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ROZHOVOR S \u0158EDITELEM \u00daSTAVU FYZIKY ATMOSF\u00c9RY AKADEMIE V\u011aD \u010cESK\u00c9 REPUBLIKY RNDr. JOSEFEM \u0160TEKLEM, CSc.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04d4fba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04d4fba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p class=\"rtejustify\">1. <em>Pane \u0159editeli, pro meteorologickou ve\u0159ejnost je V\u00e1\u0161 \u00fastav dostate\u010dn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fd. Bylo by v\u0161ak \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9, kdybyste pro \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed okruh \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f bl\u00ed\u017ee charakterizoval Ustav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry a jeho aktivity.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">N\u00e1\u0161 \u00fastav jako jedno z pracovi\u0161\u0165 Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR se v souladu se z\u00e1konem \u010cNR \u010d. 283\/1992 Sb. zab\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u011b\u00addeck\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem. V na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o v\u00fdzkum\u00adnou \u010dinnost v oblasti meteorologie, klimatologie a od m\u011b\u00ads\u00edce dubna t. r. i o v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum proces\u016f, prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edch v horn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Dovolte mi, abych toto lakonick\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed pon\u011bkud rozvinul.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V polovin\u011b roku 1990 se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu na UFA AV \u010cR korigovalo s ohledem na tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost jednotliv\u00adc\u016f a pracovn\u00edch t\u00fdm\u016f, s ohledem na p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fd v\u00fdvoj jednotliv\u00fdch v\u011bdn\u00edch discipl\u00edn a na celospole\u010densk\u00e9 pot\u0159eby. Byly utlumeny v\u00fdzkumy, kter\u00e9 v posledn\u00edch letech nevy\u00adkazovaly publika\u010dn\u00ed aktivitu, kter\u00e9 nem\u011bly dostate\u010dn\u00e9 instru\u00adment\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1zem\u00ed, d\u00e1le ty, kter\u00e9 nem\u011bly zaji\u0161t\u011bnou genera\u010dn\u00ed kontinuitu. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem t\u00e9to korekce byla koncentrace v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed do n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo hlavn\u00edch sm\u011br\u016f a vytvo\u00ad\u0159en\u00ed podm\u00ednek pro pr\u00e1ci ve v\u011bdeck\u00fdch t\u00fdmech veden\u00fdch nejerudovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi osobnostmi.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">K roku 1990 se v\u00e1\u017ee i orientace \u00fastavu na klimatologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee tato orientace byla v dob\u011b ra\u00adzantn\u00edho rozvoje klimatick\u00e9ho modelov\u00e1n\u00ed nezbytn\u00e1. I kdy\u017e v\u00fdsledky po zalo\u017een\u00ed nov\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho sm\u011bru nep\u0159ich\u00e1\u00adzej\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b, lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee prvn\u00ed plody ve form\u011b kvalitn\u00edch publikac\u00ed se ji\u017e objevily.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dal\u0161\u00edm netradi\u010dn\u00edm sm\u011brem v\u00fdzkumu (ch\u00e1p\u00e1no z hle\u00addiska \u00fastavu), jeho\u017e vznik se datuje k polovin\u011b roku 1990, je studium meteorologick\u00fdch proces\u016f mezosynoptick\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159\u00edtka a metod jejich lok\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi. Jednalo se o kontinuitu s d\u0159\u00edve nerealizovan\u00fdmi aktivitami v konci osmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let, kter\u00e9 usilovaly o spole\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum s ob\u011bma hydrometeorologick\u00fdmi \u00fastavy v oblasti metod p\u0159edpov\u011bdi nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch jev\u016f. C\u00edlem to\u00adhoto v\u00fdzkumu je zlep\u0161en\u00ed metod objektivn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi me\u00adteorologick\u00fdch jev\u016f v mezosynoptick\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm z\u0159etelem na orografick\u00e9 pom\u011bry \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dobrou pozici, uzn\u00e1vanou mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b, si vypracoval v\u011bdeck\u00fd t\u00fdm zkoncipovan\u00fd dr. Reinem a zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se teo\u00adretick\u00fdm a experiment\u00e1ln\u00edm studiem proces\u016f v mezn\u00ed vrstv\u011b. Po roce 1990 se n\u00e1m mimo jin\u00e9 poda\u0159ilo ter\u00e9nn\u00edmi expedicemi verifikovat v\u00fdsledky modelov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f de\u00adformace proud\u011bn\u00ed ter\u00e9nem, kter\u00e9 vych\u00e1zely z \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed trojrozm\u011brn\u00fdm nestacion\u00e1rn\u00edm nehydrostatick\u00fdm modelem mezn\u00ed vrstvy atmosf\u00e9ry. A\u017e po tomto kroku a zdokonalen\u00edch, kter\u00e1 z verifika\u010dn\u00edho experimentu vyplynula, prok\u00e1zal tento model, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako \u201esvobodovsk\u00fd&#8221;, svoji \u017eivo\u00adtaschopnost. Dal\u0161\u00ed teoretick\u00e9 zdokonalov\u00e1n\u00ed modelu, zlep\u0161o\u00adv\u00e1n\u00ed metod parametrizace fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch proces\u016f, ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed funk\u010dnosti modelu v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch vertik\u00e1ln\u011b \u010dlenit\u00e9ho te\u00adr\u00e9nu s postupn\u00fdm zmen\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm kroku s\u00edt\u011b, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdstu\u00adp\u016f z tohoto modelu p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed modelov\u00e9ho \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed \u0161kodlivin Lagrangeovsk\u00fdm stochastick\u00fdm principem; to jsou sm\u011bry dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu v t\u00e9to oblasti.<\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nazna\u010den\u00e9 t\u0159i hlavn\u00ed sm\u011bry v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu UFA AV \u010cR nevylu\u010duj\u00ed mo\u017enost v\u00fdzkumu v p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch oblastech. Ta je podm\u00edn\u011bna vysokou \u00farovn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, kde srovn\u00e1vac\u00edm etalonem je evropsk\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148. Veden\u00ed \u00fasta\u00advu podporuje takov\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 projekty, kter\u00e9 usp\u011bly v grantov\u00fdch agentur\u00e1ch (GA AV \u010cR, GA \u010cR) nebo maj\u00ed charakter spole\u010dn\u00fdch grant\u016f se zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi i na\u0161imi v\u011b\u00addeck\u00fdmi pracovi\u0161ti. Pro \u00faplnost mus\u00edm dodat, \u017ee v\u00fdzkum v nazna\u010den\u00fdch hlavn\u00edch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch sm\u011brech je existen\u010dn\u011b spojen s p\u0159ijat\u00fdmi grantov\u00fdmi projekty. V\u011bde\u010dt\u00ed pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu, jejich\u017e po\u010det nedosahoval \u010d\u00edsla 20, z\u00edskali za uply\u00adnul\u00e1 l\u00e9ta deset projekt\u016f GA AV \u010cR, dva projekty GA \u010cR a pod\u00edlej\u00ed se na jednom grantov\u00e9m projektu Evropsk\u00e9ho spo\u00adle\u010denstv\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">A nyn\u00ed mi dovolte je\u0161t\u011b jednu informaci, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 cha\u00adrakter \u010derstv\u00e9 informace ze \u201eschvalovac\u00ed kuchyn\u011b&#8221; Akade\u00admick\u00e9 rady. V souladu s principy transforma\u010dn\u00edho procesu AV \u010cR se p\u0159ipravuje vznik nov\u011b koncipovan\u00e9ho v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b, zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho na v\u00fdzkum proces\u016f v zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e p\u0159ipojen\u00edm pracovn\u00edk\u016f Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR, kte\u0159\u00ed se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed fyzikou vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry (odd\u011blen\u00ed ionosf\u00e9ry GF\u00da) k \u00dastavu fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR. Tato delimitace se p\u0159ipravuje k 1. dubnu 1994. Nov\u011b organizo\u00advan\u00fd \u00fastav bude pokr\u00fdvat v\u00fdzkum cel\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry od zem\u00adsk\u00e9ho povrchu a\u017e do magnetosf\u00e9ry. Pracovn\u00edci GF\u00da, kte\u0159\u00ed delimitac\u00ed p\u0159ejdou do \u00daFA, se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u00fdzkumem st\u0159edn\u00ed a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry Zem\u011b, zejm\u00e9na jej\u00ed ionizovan\u00e9 slo\u017eky, a \u00fa\u010dinky slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivity na r\u016fzn\u00e9 oblasti zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u00adry. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 zn\u00e1m\u00fd a uzn\u00e1van\u00fd t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd zkonstruoval n\u011bkolik geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch dru\u017eic MAGION (jedna z nich by m\u011bla b\u00fdt vypu\u0161t\u011bna koncem t. r.) a p\u0159\u00edjmem dat z t\u011bchto dru\u017eic z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 jedine\u010dn\u00fd experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed ma\u00adteri\u00e1l.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Takto vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b se zhruba 75 pracovn\u00edky (z toho 50 vysoko\u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f) bude odpov\u00eddat sou\u010dasn\u00fdm p\u0159edsta\u00adv\u00e1m o velikosti modern\u00edho mimouniverzitn\u00edho v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">2. <em>D\u016fsledkem transformace \u010cSAV na Akademii v\u011bd \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky byla likvidace nebo redukce cel\u00e9 \u0159ady pracovi\u0161\u0165. V tisku byly jednotliv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady \u0161iroce ko\u00admentov\u00e1ny, uv\u00e1d\u011bly se \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 argumenty obvykl\u00e9 v takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech. V\u00e1\u0161 \u00fastav, by\u0165 mal\u00fd po\u010dtem pracovn\u00edk\u016f, z\u016fstal zachov\u00e1n. Co podle Va\u0161eho n\u00e1zoru p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dilo prezidium Akademie, \u017ee rozhodlo tak, jak rozhodlo?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Transformace Akademie v\u011bd m\u011bla a m\u00e1 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b intenzivn\u00ed charakter. Z p\u016fvodn\u00edch 13 900 pracovn\u00edk\u016f kon\u00adcem roku 1989 v prosinci roku 1993 zbylo 7100 pracovn\u00edk\u016f, z p\u016fvodn\u00edch 87 pracovi\u0161\u0165 pracuje nyn\u00ed 66. Nezbytn\u00e1 redukce pracovn\u00edk\u016f, podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 i redukc\u00ed rozpo\u010dtu AV \u010cR, prob\u00edhala selektivn\u011b. Nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rozpo\u010dtu je spojeno s rokem 1992. Tehdy byla vytvo\u0159ena pro ka\u017ed\u00e9 ze t\u0159\u00ed od\u00add\u011blen\u00ed v\u011bd hodnotitelsk\u00e1 komise, kter\u00e1 se skl\u00e1dala z 12 intern\u00edch a 6 extern\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f. Tyto komise na z\u00e1klad\u011b ob\u00ad\u0161\u00edrn\u00fdch p\u00edsemn\u00fdch podklad\u016f, na z\u00e1klad\u011b publika\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f, na z\u00e1klad\u011b cita\u010dn\u00edch ohlas\u016f, grantov\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti, populariza\u010dn\u00ed, pedagogick\u00e9 a organiz\u00e1torsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti i tren\u00addu v\u00fdvoje \u00fastavu za\u0159adily \u00fastavy AV \u010cR do p\u011bti skupin. Na za\u0159azen\u00ed \u00fastav\u016f z\u00e1le\u017eelo procento kr\u00e1cen\u00ed jejich rozpo\u010dtu. \u00dastavy ve skupin\u011b 5 byly ru\u0161eny, z \u00fastav\u016f ve skupin\u011b 4 pouze nejlep\u0161\u00ed t\u00fdmy p\u0159e\u0161ly na jin\u00e1 pracovi\u0161t\u011b AV nebo na vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi, i kdy\u017e jsme byli vyhodnoceni mezi nejlep\u0161\u00edmi \u00fastavy 2. skupiny, bylo nezbytn\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit stav pracovn\u00edk\u016f na polovinu v\u00fdchoz\u00edho stavu z roku 1989 (64). Zkr\u00e1cen\u011b odpov\u011bzeno, hodnotitelskou komisi mohly p\u0159e\u00adsv\u011bd\u010dit pouze v\u00fdsledky pr\u00e1ce \u00fastavu. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed transformace jsou i atestace v\u0161ech vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 v AV \u010cR a tedy i v na\u0161em \u00fastavu v tomto roce prob\u011bhly. Hodnocen\u00ed pr\u00e1ce \u00fastav\u016f AV \u010cR se st\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jej\u00ed \u010dinnosti. Bude prob\u00edhat za \u00fa\u010dasti zahrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u011bdc\u016f pod veden\u00edm ji\u017e ustaven\u00e9ho nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho hodnotitelsk\u00e9ho gr\u00e9mia ve \u010dty\u0159let\u00e9m cyklu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">3. <em>Za jak\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek provozujete svoji \u010dinnost? Jste pln\u011b dotovanou organizac\u00ed nebo si na \u010d\u00e1st rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f m\u016f\u017eete (mus\u00edte) vyd\u011blat?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pou\u017eiji slovn\u00edho obratu p\u0159edsedy Akademie v\u011bd prof. R. Zahradn\u00edka. Prost\u0159edky, kter\u00e9 dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u00fastavy, slou\u017e\u00ed pouze k jejich baz\u00e1ln\u00edmu metabolizmu. Jinak \u0159e\u010deno, jsou to prost\u0159edky na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed re\u017eijn\u00ed n\u00e1klady \u00fastav\u016f a na pokryt\u00ed n\u00e1rokov\u00fdch plat\u016f redukovan\u00e9ho po\u010dtu pracovn\u00edk\u016f. Investice jsou proti p\u016fvodn\u00edmu stavu v roce 1989 ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed zhruba o 50 %. Proto p\u0159\u00edjmy z grantov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, ze smluv o d\u00edlo a podobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy jsou prost\u0159edky, z nich\u017e si pracovn\u00edci mohou hradit cesty na konference, st\u00e1\u017ee v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, n\u00e1kup p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f a po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f a eventu\u00e1ln\u011b i prost\u0159edky na vylep\u0161en\u00ed tarifn\u00edch plat\u016f. Pot\u0159ebujeme-]i p\u0159ijmout nov\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edka, pak nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e s jin\u00fdm rozv\u00e1zat pracovn\u00ed pom\u011br nebo si vyd\u011blat na mzdu nov\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edka v\u010detn\u011b \u010d\u00e1stky na zdra\u00advotn\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. A jist\u011b uzn\u00e1te, \u017ee v meteorologii je takov\u00e1 \u010dinnost nesrovnateln\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u technicky \u010di aplika\u010dn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">4. <em>Domn\u00edv\u00e1te se st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b, \u017ee Va\u0161e rozhodnut\u00ed zru\u0161it synoptick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na Mile\u0161ovce bylo spr\u00e1vn\u00e9? Jak\u00fd je V\u00e1\u0161 z\u00e1m\u011br do budoucna s touto historickou observato\u0159\u00ed?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zru\u0161en\u00ed synoptick\u00e9ho provozu na Mile\u0161ovce nebylo ot\u00e1z\u00adkou dobr\u00e9ho \u010di \u0161patn\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed; bylo ur\u010deno ekono\u00admick\u00fdm tlakem redukovan\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu \u00fastavu. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd \u0159e\u00additel by nemohl obh\u00e1jit propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edka za cenu zachov\u00e1n\u00ed synoptick\u00e9ho provozu na Mi\u00adle\u0161ovce. S touto skute\u010dnost\u00ed byla veden\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb sezn\u00e1mena, proto bych ani tuto ot\u00e1zku neo\u010dek\u00e1val. St\u00e1le v\u0161ak plat\u00ed na\u0161e nab\u00eddka: po z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00adk\u016f na mzdy dvou pracovn\u00edk\u016f bude mo\u017eno synoptick\u00fd provoz obnovit. Jen tak na okraj. P\u0159ekvapila m\u011b mal\u00e1 s\u00edla hlas\u016f synoptick\u00fdch a leteck\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f, volaj\u00edc\u00edch po ob\u00adnov\u011b tohoto pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Jinak Mile\u0161ovka bude i nad\u00e1le udr\u017eovat klimatickou \u0159adu mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 hodnoty.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">5. <em>Z va\u0161\u00ed participace na projektech v\u011btrn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, kter\u00fdch jsme se do\u010detli v denn\u00edm tisku, lze usuzovat, \u017ee \u00e9ra tzv. \u010dist\u00e9 v\u011bdy, zaobalen\u00e9 pod za\u0161ti\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edm n\u00e1\u00adzvem \u201ez\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum&#8221;, skon\u010dila. Spolupracujete na jin\u00fdch analogick\u00fdch projektech?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ob\u00e1v\u00e1m se, \u017ee bychom byli velmi nep\u0159esn\u00ed, kdybychom formulovali rovnici, kde na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b je \u00fa\u010dast \u00daFA v pro\u00adjektu rozvoj v\u011btrn\u00e9 energetiky a po rovn\u00edtku na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b rovnice je deklarov\u00e1n konec z\u00e1kladn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu. I kdy\u017e z formulace ot\u00e1zky lze vyc\u00edtit vzpom\u00ednku na ob\u010dasn\u00e9 ka\u00admuflov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu v minulosti nedotknuteln\u00fdm pojmem \u201ez\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum&#8221;. Ne\u0159eknu nic nov\u00e9ho, kdy\u017e uvedu, \u017ee p\u0159echod mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00edm a aplikovan\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem je ply\u00adnul\u00fd, hranice jsou \u010dasto nejasn\u00e9 a vzd\u00e1lenost mezi nimi je p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e1. V\u00fdznamn\u00fd moment v moj\u00ed odpov\u011bdi m\u00e1 ekonomickou podstatu. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost nen\u00ed tak bohat\u00e1, aby nevyu\u017e\u00edvala v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu pro svoje pot\u0159eby. A vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed podklad\u016f pro kvalifikovan\u00e9 zhodno\u00adcen\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00e9 energetiky na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z anal\u00fdzy pole v\u011btru je nejen n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 v\u011bdecko-v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 \u010dinnost, ale \u010dinnost p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed vysok\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd efekt. P\u0159iznejme, \u017ee UFA v tomto sm\u011bru nedr\u017e\u00ed prim\u00e1t; \u0159ad\u00ed se pouze k universitn\u00edm a v\u011bdecko-v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm pracovi\u0161t\u00edm v Hannoveru, Karlsruhe, Berl\u00edn\u011b, Oberpfaffenhofenu u Mnichova, Dr\u00e1\u017e\u010fanech a mnoh\u00fdm dal\u0161\u00edm.<\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\">6. <em>\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed praktick\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 realizovat bez pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch dat. Jak je z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1te, kdy\u017e nem\u00e1te k dispozici pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 \u00fadaje z vlastn\u00edch pozorovac\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dovol\u00edm si up\u0159esnit Va\u0161e konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed. Bez dat se ne\u00adobejdou \u201epraktick\u00e9 studie&#8221;, ale jak\u00fdkoliv modern\u00ed meteoro\u00adlogick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum. D\u00e1le mus\u00edm upozornit na data, kter\u00e1 jsou vlastnictv\u00edm \u00fastavu. Rozd\u011blme Va\u0161i ot\u00e1zku na dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti. Nejd\u0159\u00edve tu jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f. Jedn\u00e1-li se o data, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed ke komer\u010dn\u00edmu \u00fa\u010delu, pak tato data mus\u00edme jako kter\u00fdkoliv jin\u00fd z\u00e1kazn\u00edk zaplatit. Druh\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky se v\u00e1\u017ee na data pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed grantov\u00fdch projekt\u016f. Zde by podle na\u0161eho n\u00e1zoru m\u011blo m\u00edt \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dv\u011b v\u011btve. Jsou-li v grantu ud\u011bleny prost\u0159edky na po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dat, pak se neobjevuje prob\u00adl\u00e9m. Nen\u00ed-li v grantu zaji\u0161t\u011bn obnos na n\u00e1kup dat (s rostou\u00adc\u00edmi n\u00e1roky na finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky kles\u00e1 nad\u011bje na p\u0159ijet\u00ed grantov\u00e9ho projektu i bez ohledu na jeho v\u011bdeckou hodno\u00adtu), pak p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me individu\u00e1ln\u00ed posouzen\u00ed v\u00fdznamu grantu pro celospole\u010densk\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b z\u00e1jmy \u010cHMU a \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 bezplatn\u00e9 poskytnut\u00ed dat. Zpracovatel dat se sa\u00admoz\u0159ejm\u011b zav\u00e1\u017ee k tomu, \u017ee vyu\u017eije data pouze pro \u00fa\u010dely grantov\u00e9 \u00falohy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">7. <em>P\u0159edchoz\u00ed ot\u00e1zka evokuje dal\u0161\u00ed dotaz: Jak\u00e1 je sou\u00ad\u010dasn\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 spolupr\u00e1ce s \u010cesk\u00fdm hydrometeorolo\u00adgick\u00fdm \u00fastavem?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee impulz k t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce dodal v\u0161eobecn\u00fd pocit \u010dehosi sk\u0159\u00edpaj\u00edc\u00edho v soukol\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce mezi ob\u011bma \u00fastavy v za\u010d\u00e1tku devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let. Jsem r\u00e1d, \u017ee ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159ed roz\u00adhovorem s p\u0159edstaviteli MZ jsem mohl p\u0159i n\u011bkolika p\u0159\u00edle\u00ad\u017eitostech prohl\u00e1sit, \u017ee spolupr\u00e1ce mezi \u010cHM\u00da a \u00daFA se dostala po nastoupen\u00ed nov\u00e9ho veden\u00ed \u010cHMU na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kva\u00adlitativn\u00ed b\u00e1zi, kde podle m\u00e9ho dojmu ob\u011bma stran\u00e1m jde o vst\u0159\u00edcn\u00e9 racion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ot\u00e1zek spojen\u00fdch s rozvojem meteorologie a klimatologie. Z toho d\u016fvodu moje odpov\u011b\u010f nem\u00e1 charakter povinn\u00e9 zdvo\u0159ilosti a na jej\u00edm obsahu ne\u00adhodl\u00e1m cokoliv m\u011bnit. V\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee z\u00e1sady, na nich\u017e jsme se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b dohodli, se poda\u0159\u00ed plnit.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">8. <em>P\u0159es nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 peripetie si meteorologie upevnila v posledn\u00edch letech svoje m\u00edsto i presti\u017e ve spole\u010dnosti. Sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom i skute\u010dnost, jak\u00fd ohlas vzbudila zm\u011bna pojet\u00ed televizn\u00ed relace \u201eJak\u00e9 bude po\u00ad\u010das\u00ed&#8221;, kter\u00e1 z \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho pohledu je asi opravdu nej-frekventovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vstupem v\u011bdy na televizn\u00ed obra\u00adzovku. Jak\u00fd osud p\u0159isuzujete meteorologii a st\u00e1vaj\u00ed\u00adc\u00edm meteorologick\u00fdm instituc\u00edm v budoucnosti? Za\u00adj\u00edm\u00e1 n\u00e1s V\u00e1\u0161 osobn\u00ed n\u00e1zor.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Sd\u00edl\u00edm s V\u00e1mi radostn\u00fd pocit z toho, \u017ee synoptick\u00e1 me\u00adteorologie vyrostla z problematick\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed subjektivn\u00edch metod do sou\u010dasn\u00e9 doby, kdy dominuj\u00ed metody exaktn\u00ed. Byly to pr\u00e1v\u011b ony, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskaly zm\u00edn\u011bnou presti\u017e ve spo\u00adle\u010dnosti. Zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 je povzbudiv\u00e9, \u017ee \u010de\u0161t\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9 nest\u00e1\u00adli v tomto procesu zcela stranou. Pro budoucnost mus\u00edme b\u00fdt pam\u011btliv\u00ed toho, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b, kter\u00e1 chce \u010derpat ze sv\u011btov\u00e9ho fondu pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, mus\u00ed do n\u011bho tak\u00e9 podle sv\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edvat. Vyvarujme se nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, abychom ztra\u00adtili krok s v\u00fdvojem, abychom nejen nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161eli vlastn\u00ed obecn\u011b platn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky, ale ztratili i schopnost aplikovat obecn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky druh\u00fdch. Meteorologie m\u00e1 v tomto sm\u011bru otev\u0159e\u00adn\u00fd \u0161irok\u00fd prostor. Nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, v jak\u00fdch organiza\u010dn\u00edch di\u00admenz\u00edch tento proces bude prob\u00edhat. V\u0161e z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, jak jej budeme schopni \u0159\u00eddit v dan\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch pod\u00adm\u00ednk\u00e1ch a kolik kvalitn\u00edch \u201emozk\u016f&#8221; pro tento proces p\u0159i\u00adprav\u00ed vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly. Ale j\u00e1 osobn\u011b jsem optimista.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Rozhovor se uskute\u010dnil v b\u0159eznu 1994, ot\u00e1zky p\u0159ipravili Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd a Miroslav \u0160koda.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"rteright\"><em>MZ 1994\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 47, str. 97-99<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e7c62e1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e7c62e1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d256b2\" data-id=\"7d256b2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-807523a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"807523a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d4d31a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d4d31a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Rozhovor s \u0159editelem \u010cHM\u00da Ing. Ivanem Obrusn\u00edkem, DrSc.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35a5e15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35a5e15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>1. Pane \u0159editeli, s jak\u00fdmi pocity jste p\u0159ijal jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed do funkce \u0159editele \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v lednu leto\u0161n\u00edho roku. Dostal jste n\u011bjak\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zad\u00e1n\u00ed a \u00fakoly od Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR s ohledem na situaci, kter\u00e1 se v \u00fastavu vytvo\u0159ila po odvol\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edchoz\u00edho \u0159editele dr. Koldovsk\u00e9ho?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 Jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed do funkce \u0159editele \u010cHM\u00da jsem p\u0159ijal se sm\u00ed\u00ad\u0161en\u00fdmi pocity, nebo\u0165 na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b to bylo l\u00e1kav\u00e9 a na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b jsem v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee p\u016fjde o nesm\u00edrn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd \u00fakol. Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed mi \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u00fakoly nedalo &#8211; snad jen v tom smyslu, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba \u00fastav co nejrychleji konsolidovat a postupn\u011b o\u010distit jeho jm\u00e9no v o\u010d\u00edch ve\u0159ejnosti, notn\u011b po\u0161ramocen\u00e9 ventilov\u00e1\u00adn\u00edm vnit\u0159n\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f \u00fastavu v televizi a jin\u00fdch sd\u011b\u00adlovac\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch.<\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>2. Z veden\u00ed mal\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho charakteru jste se dostal do \u010dela velk\u00e9ho a slo\u017eit\u00e9ho \u00fastavu co do po\u010dtu person\u00e1lu (900), n\u00e1pln\u011b odborn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti (meteorologie, klimatologie, hydrologie, ochrana \u010distoty ovzdu\u0161\u00ed), organiza\u010dn\u00ed struktury (11 odbor\u016f, 50 odd\u011blen\u00ed, 7 region\u00e1ln\u00edch pobo\u010dek), technologick\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce. Do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry jste se sta\u010dil zorientovat v t\u00e9to slo\u017eitosti a k jak\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011b\u00adr\u016fm jste dosp\u011bl?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 Skute\u010dn\u011b \u010cHM\u00da je velmi slo\u017eit\u00fd organizmus, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm \u00fastavem v prav\u00e9m slova smyslu, nebo\u0165 \u0159ada jeho \u010dinnost\u00ed m\u00e1 charakter slu\u017eby pro st\u00e1t. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto \u010dinnosti mus\u00ed \u010dasto b\u011b\u017eet nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b a bez z\u00e1vad. Sa\u00admoz\u0159ejm\u011b ur\u010dit\u00fdm \u0161okem pro mne byla i velikost \u00fastavu a jeho rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed v mnoha m\u00edstech \u010cR. Orientace pro mne byla velice obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na ze za\u010d\u00e1tku, kdy jsem jako \u010dlov\u011bk \u201eodjinud&#8221; m\u011bl velmi m\u00e1lo informac\u00ed o struktu\u0159e \u00fastavu a zejm\u00e9na o vztaz\u00edch mezi lidmi, da\u00adn\u00fdch \u010dasto dlouhou histori\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 jsem nev\u011bd\u011bl, komu mohu v\u011b\u0159it a komu ne. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b ministerstvo cht\u011b\u00adlo, aby nov\u00fd \u0159editel byl \u010dlov\u011bk zven\u010d\u00ed, nesv\u00e1zan\u00fd mi\u00adnulost\u00ed s \u00fastavem. Dosp\u011bl jsem k z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm, \u017ee konsoli\u00addaci \u010cHM\u00da bude nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st postupn\u011b s pomoc\u00ed no\u00adv\u00fdch nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch spolupracovn\u00edku, zejm\u00e9na n\u00e1m\u011bstk\u016f. Rovn\u011b\u017e bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee s p\u0159echodem na p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkovou organizaci vzroste \u00faloha ekonomick\u00fdch faktor\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>3. Za jeden z Va\u0161ich z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f lze pova\u017eovat \u00fapravu orga\u00adniza\u010dn\u00ed struktury k 1. 7. 1993. Na prvn\u00ed pohled se d\u00e1 konstatovat, \u017ee \u201epavouk&#8221; \u00fastavu se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nezjedno\u00addu\u0161il (krom\u011b pobo\u010dek existuje st\u00e1le okolo 50 odbor\u016f a odd\u011blen\u00ed na centr\u00e1ln\u00edch pracovi\u0161t\u00edch). Jednou z podstatn\u00fdch zm\u011bn je za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed odboru v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edch a telekomunika\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb pod Va\u0161i p\u0159\u00edmou pod\u0159\u00ed\u00adzenost &#8211; jde o syst\u00e9movou zm\u011bnu nebo o projev n\u00e1\u00adklonnosti k v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edm m\u00e9di\u00edm?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 \u00daprava organiza\u010dn\u00ed struktury od 1. 7. byla jen prvn\u00edm krokem ke konsolidaci a skute\u010dn\u00e9 zm\u011bny byly men\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e jsem p\u016fvodn\u011b cht\u011bl. Tato struktura v\u0161ak nen\u00ed kone\u010dn\u00e1 a zm\u011bny sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed ke zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed organizace a ke sn\u00ed\u00ad\u017een\u00ed po\u010dtu pracovn\u00edk\u016f by m\u011bly pokra\u010dovat. Mus\u00edm \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee i kdy\u017e to vypad\u00e1, \u017ee se struktura \u00fastavu p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ne\u00adzjednodu\u0161ila, nen\u00ed to tak docela pravda. P\u0159e\u0161li jsme z trojstup\u0148ov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dvoustup\u0148ov\u00e9 &#8211; s v\u00fd\u00adjimkou \u00faseku meteorologie a klimatologie, kter\u00fd je pro dvoustup\u0148ov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd. D\u00e1le jsme \u201erozbili&#8221; obrovskou um\u011ble vytvo\u0159enou strukturu PTZ. U\u017e p\u0159i t\u00e9to prvn\u00ed etap\u011b zm\u011bn klesl po\u010det vedouc\u00edch (bez pobo\u010dek) z 69 na 49! Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed OVTS pod p\u0159\u00edmou pod\u0159\u00edzenost \u0159editele bylo logick\u00fdm krokem, nebo\u0159 \u00faloha v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edch a telekomunika\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb je v \u010cHMU nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u00ad\u017eit\u00e1 a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt koordinov\u00e1na tak, aby slou\u017eila v\u0161em od\u00adborn\u00fdm \u00fasek\u016fm (meteorologii a klimatologii, hydrologii a \u010distot\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed). Dosavadn\u00ed naprosto nekoordinovan\u00fd zp\u016fsob n\u00e1kupu a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed a telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed techniky v \u010cHM\u00da byl ne\u00fanosn\u00fd a byla p\u0159i n\u011bm utracena zbyte\u010dn\u011b spousta pen\u011bz. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b mus\u00edm p\u0159iznat, \u017ee m\u00e1m i ur\u010ditou n\u00e1klonnost k v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edm m\u00e9di\u00edm, ale to bylo v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b druho\u0159ad\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>4. S organiza\u010dn\u00ed strukturou, zalo\u017eenou na oborov\u00e9m principu, kter\u00e1 funguje od poloviny r. 1990, je spojena zna\u010dn\u00e1 samostatnost jednotliv\u00fdch odborn\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f. Krom\u011b nezanedbateln\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky odborn\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce, existuje p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm jeden problematick\u00fd d\u016fsledek t\u00e9to nez\u00e1vislosti: celo\u00fastavn\u00ed nekoordinovanost technologick\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed (v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed technika). Po\u00adkus\u00edte se tento stav napravit? Jak je z Va\u0161eho pohledu vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n technologick\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u00fastavu (vstupy, zpra\u00adcov\u00e1n\u00ed dat, poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed, archivace)?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 O celo\u00fastavn\u00ed nekoordinovanosti, zejm\u00e9na v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techniky, jsem se zm\u00ednil ji\u017e u p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. H\u0159\u00edchy z minulosti jsou v t\u00e9to oblasti obrovsk\u00e9. Jako velk\u00fd klad a p\u0159\u00edslib do budoucna vid\u00edm zejm\u00e9na to, \u017ee se mi (alespo\u0148 si to zat\u00edm mysl\u00edm) poda\u0159ilo vytvo\u0159it ze sv\u00fdch nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch spolupracovn\u00edk\u016f &#8211; n\u00e1m\u011bstk\u016f t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd je schopen uva\u00ad\u017eovat v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch souvislostech a \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my nejen z hle\u00addiska jejich, pom\u011brn\u011b samostatn\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z hlediska p\u0159\u00ednosu pro \u00fastav jako celek. Za sv\u016fj hlavn\u00ed \u00fakol pova\u017euji pr\u00e1v\u011b to, abych plnil funkci koordin\u00e1tora, a p\u0159i tom neprot\u011b\u017eoval z\u00e1jmy jednoho \u00faseku oproti dru\u00adh\u00e9mu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Technologick\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u00fastavu (vstupy, zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat, po\u00adskytov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed, archivace) je vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n tak, jak tomu nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 koncepce a \u0161patn\u00e1 koordinovanost v minulos\u00adti dovoluje. Intenzivn\u011b v\u0161ak pracujeme na zlep\u0161en\u00ed tohoto syst\u00e9mu, a n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky tohoto \u00fasil\u00ed se ji\u017e za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed projevovat. Byla ustavena investi\u010dn\u00ed komise, kter\u00e1 pra\u00adcuje velmi dob\u0159e, koordinuj\u00ed se n\u00e1kupy mal\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techniky, objednali jsme nov\u00fd telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d a sna\u017e\u00edme se sjednocovat i software (nap\u0159. datab\u00e1zov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my). Chceme co nejd\u0159\u00edve skon\u010dit s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm po\u00ad\u010d\u00edta\u010de EC 1057 a p\u0159esunout v\u0161e na po\u010d\u00edta\u010d ICL, kter\u00fd bude pom\u011brn\u011b brzy pro tento \u00fa\u010del \u201epos\u00edlen&#8221;. Probl\u00e9mem je zat\u00edm p\u0159eveden\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch dat z EC 1057 na ICL, obdobn\u011b je tomu i u n\u011bkter\u00fdch program\u016f. Vedle komu\u00adnikac\u00ed a v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techniky nelze zapom\u00ednat na zasta\u00adralost p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed na\u0161ich stanic. I zde bude\u00adme muset investovat a sna\u017eit se n\u011bkter\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed auto\u00admatizovat.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>5. Za jak\u00fdch materi\u00e1ln\u011b technick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek provo\u00adzuje \u00fastav svoji \u010dinnost? M\u00e1me na mysli stav budov, p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, spojov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb apod. Co nov\u00e9ho se bu\u00adduje, jak pokra\u010duje restaurace z\u00e1mku v Komo\u0159anech?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 O n\u011bkter\u00fdch novink\u00e1ch z oblasti p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed jsem ji\u017e mluvil v p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00e9 ot\u00e1zce. Vzhledem k prost\u0159ed\u00adk\u016fm, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me, \u0159e\u0161\u00edme sp\u00ed\u0161e jen nejnutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opravy budov. Restaurace z\u00e1mku v Komo\u0159anech pokra\u010duje a ve\u00adden\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da se shoduje v tom, \u017ee \u201eZ\u00e1me\u010dek&#8221; bude pat\u0159it mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 budovy \u010cHM\u00da. Brzy ud\u011bl\u00e1me dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed harmonogram dal\u0161\u00edch \u00faprav a prac\u00ed na tomto objektu. P\u0159echod na p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkovou organizaci n\u00e1m ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 prov\u00e1\u00add\u011bn\u00ed odpis\u016f, co\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee postupn\u011b kladn\u011b projevit na investi\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti, a\u0165 ji\u017e v oblasti staveb, tak na inovaci m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed a v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techniky. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b na kryt\u00ed odpis\u016f si mus\u00edme \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b \u201evyd\u011blat&#8221;.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>6. Od leto\u0161n\u00edho rokuje CHMU p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkovou organizac\u00ed. Jak\u00fd je st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed rozpo\u010det, kolik si \u00fastav vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1, jak\u00e9 jsou pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dn\u00e9 aktivity, kde jsou re\u00adzervy? Jak\u00fd je postoj zam\u011bstnanc\u016f k \u201evyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz&#8221;?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 Rozpo\u010det (l\u00e9pe \u0159e\u010deno st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek) \u00fastavu po do\u00addate\u010dn\u00e9m pos\u00edlen\u00ed z ministerstva \u010dinil letos cca 200 mil. K\u010d. K tomu jsme p\u0159idali 32 mil. K\u010d, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me letos z\u00edskat v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dnou \u010dinnost\u00ed. Rezervy jsou zejm\u00e9na v tom, \u017ee se nepoda\u0159ilo zcela odstranit pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159edky ve v\u0161ech oblastech \u010dinnosti \u00fastavu. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b postoj v\u011bt\u0161iny zam\u011bstnanc\u016f k \u201evyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz&#8221; je kladn\u00fd. \u0158ada z nich teprve te\u010f vid\u00ed, jakou m\u00e1 jejich pr\u00e1ce hodno\u00adtu, a \u017ee informace je \u010dasto velmi cenn\u00fdm \u201ezbo\u017e\u00edm&#8221;. Sa\u00admoz\u0159ejm\u011b, i zde se teprve u\u010d\u00edme (zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159i \u201eprodeji&#8221;) a mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm roce bude \u010cHMU ve v\u00fdnosech mnohem \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v roce 1993.<\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>7. Existuje p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost mezi redukc\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f a \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm platov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f zejm\u00e9na u odborn\u00edk\u016f, na jejich\u017e setrv\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 \u00fastav z\u00e1jem?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 To je o\u017eehav\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka. Byl bych r\u00e1d, kdyby to tak bylo. D\u011bl\u00e1m v\u0161e mo\u017en\u00e9, abychom mohli zlep\u0161it platy pro na\u0161e odborn\u00edky, jejich\u017e pr\u00e1ce je pro \u00fastav p\u0159\u00ednosem. Pon\u011bkud tomu br\u00e1n\u00ed i nedostatky v z\u00e1konech a vyhl\u00e1\u0161k\u00e1ch a je\u00adjich \u010dast\u00e9 zm\u011bny. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b se \u010cHM\u00da mus\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 bude, postupn\u011b zbavovat lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed nemaj\u00ed o pr\u00e1ci z\u00e1jem a z\u00e1rove\u0148 i t\u011bch, jejich\u017e pr\u00e1ce nen\u00ed pro \u00fastav p\u0159\u00ednosem. Douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se to projev\u00ed alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b u\u017e letos p\u0159i zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f ve form\u011b odm\u011bn a dobr\u00e9ho osobn\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed a naopak, mal\u00fdm nebo nulov\u00fdm osobn\u00edm hodnocen\u00edm u \u0161patn\u00fdch pra\u00adcovn\u00edk\u016f. Bohu\u017eel, vedouc\u00ed v\u0161ech stup\u0148\u016f zat\u00edm nemaj\u00ed dostatek odvahy diferenciaci t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem zvy\u0161ovat.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>8. Jako instituce p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed v rezortu Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00ed\u00adho prost\u0159ed\u00ed se \u00fastav v\u00fdznamn\u011b pod\u00edl\u00ed na realizaci ekologick\u00e9 politiky \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Bude \u010cHMU podle Va\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavy p\u0159izp\u016fsobovat svoji dosavadn\u00ed \u010dinnost a strukturu z\u00e1m\u011br\u016fm MZP, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed tzv. Agentury \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 \u00dastav pochopiteln\u011b bude muset do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry p\u0159izp\u016fso\u00adbovat svou \u010dinnost a strukturu z\u00e1m\u011br\u016fm MZP, zejm\u00e9na v souvislosti s mo\u017en\u00fdm vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm tzv. Agentury \u017ei\u00advotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Nav\u00edc struktura \u00fastavu se syst\u00e9mem pobo\u010dek je pro toto mo\u017en\u00e9 za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed do Agentury po\u00adm\u011brn\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00e1. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b se v\u0161ak budeme sna\u017eit, aby se \u00fastav vyv\u00edjel tak, jak to odpov\u00edd\u00e1 jeho \u00fakol\u016fm a v\u00fdznamu a aby byly sledov\u00e1ny dlouhodob\u00e9 c\u00edle jeho rozvoje. Tyto \u00fakoly n\u011bkdy sahaj\u00ed a\u017e za r\u00e1mec \u010dinnosti rezortu M\u017dP. \u010cHMU se mus\u00ed proto vyv\u00edjet do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry samostatn\u011b s t\u00edm, \u017ee se mus\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsobit nov\u011b vznikl\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m ve st\u00e1t\u011b a sv\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky dok\u00e1zat, \u017ee je pro pln\u011bn\u00ed \u0159ady \u00fakol\u016f v oblasti sledov\u00e1n\u00ed ZP, meteorologie a klimatologie i hydrologie, nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed instituc\u00ed. Statut p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkov\u00e9 organizace a mo\u017enost ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed vlastn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu v\u00fdnosy ze slu\u017eeb poskytovan\u00fdch \u00fastavem mohou sehr\u00e1t p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed budouc\u00ed pozice \u00fastavu v \u010cR pozitivn\u00ed roli.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>9. Jak\u00e1 je spolupr\u00e1ce se Sv\u011btovou meteorologickou orga\u00adnizac\u00ed a jak hodnot\u00edte \u00farove\u0148 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce v\u016fbec?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 Spolupr\u00e1ce se Sv\u011btovou meteorologickou organizac\u00ed (WMO) se rozv\u00edj\u00ed dob\u0159e. Museli jsme form\u00e1ln\u011b do WMO znovu vstoupit jako \u201enov\u00fd&#8221; st\u00e1t. Faktem je, \u017ee kontakty s WMO, kter\u00e9 byly v minul\u00fdch letech zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1\u00adv\u00e1ny p\u0159es spole\u010dn\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce ze Slovenska, jsou velmi dobr\u00e9 a rychlej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e d\u0159\u00edve. Je pot\u0159eba znovu postupn\u011b budovat na\u0161e \u201epozice&#8221; v r\u00e1mci WMO a sna\u017eit se pos\u00edlat na\u0161e odborn\u00edky (nejen z CHMU) do r\u016fzn\u00fdch komis\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f WMO. Zat\u00edm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem v t\u00e9to oblasti je nedostatek mlad\u00fdch, jazykov\u011b dob\u0159e p\u0159i\u00adpraven\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed by se mohli do aktivn\u00ed spo\u00adlupr\u00e1ce s WMO zapojit. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce i mimo r\u00e1mec WMO je v \u010cHM\u00da na dobr\u00e9 \u00farovni a je to zn\u00e1t na po\u010dtu zahrani\u010dn\u00edch cest na\u0161ich pracovn\u00edk\u016f i na me\u00adzin\u00e1rodn\u00edch akc\u00edch, po\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fdch letos u n\u00e1s. Zahrani\u010dn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce m\u016f\u017ee citeln\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bt ke zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed odborn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b na\u0161ich pracovn\u00edk\u016f a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed i finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky ve form\u011b grant\u016f. Snad bych se je\u0161t\u011b zm\u00ednil o velmi dobr\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u00ad\u017eeb v r\u00e1mci st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9 iniciativy, jej\u00edm\u017e konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm v\u00fdsledkem by m\u011blo b\u00fdt vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho centra pro lok\u00e1ln\u00ed modelov\u00e1n\u00ed ve V\u00eddni.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>10. Na z\u00e1v\u011br delik\u00e1tn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka: odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed v\u00fdsledky \u010dinnosti \u00fastavu Va\u0161im p\u0159edstav\u00e1m? Co chcete zm\u011bnit a co zm\u011bnit nem\u016f\u017eete?<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u25a0 V\u00fdsledky \u010dinnosti \u00fastavu zat\u00edm neodpov\u00eddaj\u00ed m\u00fdm p\u0159edstav\u00e1m. Pot\u0159ebuji hlavn\u011b zm\u011bnit my\u0161len\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f \u00fastavu, kte\u0159\u00ed si snad ani nev\u0161imli, \u017ee byl rok 1989 a neuv\u011bdomuj\u00ed si, \u017ee sv\u00fdm \u0161patn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem k pr\u00e1ci \u201eneokr\u00e1daj\u00ed&#8221; st\u00e1t jako tomu bylo d\u0159\u00edve, ale \u010cHM\u00da a ostatn\u00ed spolupracovn\u00edky. K proveden\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch zm\u011bn (zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b na vedouc\u00edch m\u00edstech) mi br\u00e1n\u00ed nedostatek fundovan\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f st\u0159edn\u00ed generace v \u00fastavu. Dou\u00adf\u00e1m, \u017ee se situace v t\u00e9to oblasti \u010dasem zlep\u0161\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je to, aby lid\u00e9 sledovali nejen z\u00e1jmy sv\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed a \u00faseku, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1jmy \u010cHM\u00da jako celku. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee \u201e s\u00edla &#8221; \u00fastavu je pr\u00e1v\u011b ve spojen\u00ed a dobr\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci t\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00edch odbornost\u00ed. Co zat\u00edm nemohu zm\u011bnit, a co mi ur\u010dit\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem vad\u00ed, je neznalost dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed koncepce \u010dinnosti M\u017dP a ur\u010dit\u00e1 \u201enestabilita&#8221; a nejasnost ekonomick\u00fdch a legislativn\u00edch podm\u00ednek ve st\u00e1t\u011b. Pak lze jen velmi t\u011b\u017eko vypracovat dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pl\u00e1n roz\u00advoje \u010cHM\u00da. Z\u00e1v\u011brem bych cht\u011bl \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee jsem zat\u00edm pom\u011brn\u011b pot\u011b\u0161en dobrou \u00farovn\u00ed \u010dinnosti pobo\u010dek. I zde v Praze je \u0159ada pracovn\u00edk\u016f jak star\u0161\u00ed, tak i mlad\u0161\u00ed ge\u00adnerace, kte\u0159\u00ed nov\u00e9mu veden\u00ed fand\u00ed a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed. S tako\u00adv\u00fdmi lidmi by m\u011blo b\u00fdt mo\u017en\u00e9 dostat \u00fastav postupn\u011b zp\u011bt na m\u00edsto, na kter\u00e9 sv\u00fdm v\u00fdznamem a tradic\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Rozhovor se uskute\u010dnil v \u0159\u00edjnu 1993.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Za redakci se dotazoval Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 1993\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 46, str. 161-163<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9f54a89 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9f54a89\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f317996\" data-id=\"f317996\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-041939a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"041939a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cae5d46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cae5d46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meteorologick\u00fd slovn\u00edk v\u00fdkladov\u00fd a terminologick\u00fd<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-963d09a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"963d09a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sob\u00ed\u0161ek, B. a kol., 1993. Praha, Academia, Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR, 594 s.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 1993 za\u010dal \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v\u00a0Praze a Slovensk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v\u00a0Bratislav\u011b distribuovat a p\u0159ed\u00e1vat dlouho o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd prvn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd slovn\u00edk vydan\u00fd na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 a Slovensk\u00e9 republiky. Slovn\u00edk obsahuje 4\u00a0111 hesel v\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b a sloven\u0161tin\u011b, z\u00a0toho 3\u00a0222 v\u00fdkladov\u00fdch a 889 odkazov\u00fdch. Hesla jsou se\u0159azena v\u00a0abecedn\u00edm po\u0159ad\u00ed podle podstatn\u00fdch jmen. Cizojazy\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy hesel z\u00a0v\u00fdkladov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti slovn\u00edku v\u00a0p\u011bti jazyc\u00edch jsou uvedeny hned za v\u00fdkladem hesla a tak\u00e9 v\u00a0samostatn\u00fdch rejst\u0159\u00edc\u00edch v\u00a0po\u0159ad\u00ed jazyk slovensk\u00fd, anglick\u00fd, francouzsk\u00fd, n\u011bmeck\u00fd a rusk\u00fd. Mimo meteorologick\u00fdch term\u00edn\u016f slovn\u00edk obsahuje tak\u00e9 nejv\u00edce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy z\u00a0fyziky, geografie a dal\u0161\u00edch v\u011bdn\u00edch discipl\u00edn.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Slovn\u00edk je v\u00fdsledkem 30let\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed n\u011bkolika des\u00edtek \u010desk\u00fdch a slovensk\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f, ze kter\u00fdch 37 uveden\u00fdch na stran\u00e1ch 13 a 14 na n\u011bm pracovalo systematicky 10 let. Inici\u00e1torem tohoto z\u00e1slu\u017en\u00e9ho d\u00edla byl prof. Dr. A. Gregor, DrSc., kter\u00fd u\u017e v\u00a0roce 1959 zorganizoval a vedl odbornou skupinu pro \u010deskou a slovenskou terminologii v\u00a0r\u00e1mci \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Slovn\u00edk byl sestaven\u00fd na z\u00e1klad\u011b nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 literatury, bohat\u00e9ho dokumenta\u010dn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace, po\u010detn\u00fdch zahrani\u010dn\u00edch u\u010debnic, atlas\u016f a slovn\u00edk\u016f. V\u00a0redak\u010dn\u00ed rad\u011b pod veden\u00edm dr. B. Sob\u00ed\u0161ka, DrSc., pracovali na\u0161i p\u0159edn\u00ed odborn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u00fdm odborn\u00fdm zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u0161echny oblasti meteorologie a jsou tak garanty odborn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b t\u00e9to rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 publikace.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mimo \u00favodu, kter\u00fd je v\u011bnovan\u00fd historii pr\u00e1ce na slovn\u00edku a seznam \u010dlen\u016f autorsk\u00e9ho kolektivu, publikace p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlivky jak pracovat se slovn\u00edkem, seznam pou\u017eit\u00fdch zkratek, seznam pou\u017eit\u00e9 literatury, jmenn\u00fd rejst\u0159\u00edk autor\u016f citovan\u00fdch v\u00a0heslech a abecedn\u00ed rejst\u0159\u00edky v\u00a0uveden\u00fdch p\u011bti jazyc\u00edch. Celkov\u011b obsahuje 594 stran. \u010clen\u011bn\u00ed slovn\u00edku je vhodn\u00e9 a velmi uleh\u010duje orientaci p\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed hesel a jejich cizojazy\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1zv\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Slovn\u00edk je koncipovan\u00fd jako explikativn\u00ed a p\u0159ekladov\u00fd. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny meteorologick\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy s\u00a0jejich vysv\u011btlen\u00edm, co je z\u00e1rukou spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu t\u011bchto n\u00e1zv\u016f z\u00a0\u010de\u0161tiny a sloven\u0161tiny do hlavn\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch jazyk\u016f a naopak. Vhodn\u00fd odborn\u00fd v\u00fdklad hesel najde odezvu i v\u00a0pedagogick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b nov\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f, p\u0159i popularizaci a propagaci meteorologie a v\u00fdsledku pr\u00e1ce meteorolog\u016f. Bude u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm pomocn\u00edkem nejen pro dal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj meteorologie a klimatologie, ale tak\u00e9 pro mezioborovou spolupr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 je pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 p\u0159i \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9m uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed poznatk\u016f v\u011bdy v\u00a0praktick\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch. Je chv\u00e1lyhodn\u00e9, \u017ee u\u017e v\u00a0\u010dase p\u0159\u00edpravy slovn\u00edku do tisku byl slovn\u00edk vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd p\u0159i p\u0159ekladech meteorologick\u00e9 literatury do \u010de\u0161tiny a sloven\u0161tiny, p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch norem apod.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho d\u00edla, jak\u00fdm je p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00fd slovn\u00edk, je p\u0159\u00edkladem l\u00e1sky k\u00a0meteorologii, sv\u011bdomitosti a vytrvalosti. Je napsan\u00fd na vysok\u00e9 profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni a poslou\u017e\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9mu okruhu odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se problematikou meteorologie zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Slovn\u00edk je p\u011bkn\u011b redak\u010dn\u011b zpracovan\u00fd s\u00a0vhodnou \u00fapravou ob\u00e1lky. Vyzna\u010duje se vz\u00e1cn\u011b mal\u00fdm po\u010dtem p\u0159eklep\u016f, chyb a nep\u0159esnost\u00ed. Hesla klasifikace atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch front, klasifikace instability (stability) ovzdu\u0161\u00ed Normandova, m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdpar si vy\u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed opravu. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost m\u011bla b\u00fdt v\u011bnovan\u00e1 slovensk\u00e9mu n\u00e1zvoslov\u00ed (spr\u00e1vn\u011b: i\u00f3n, srie\u0148, skupensk\u00e9 (latentn\u00ed) teplo, turbulentn\u00ed tok tepla, viskozita, insola\u010dn\u00ed, vznos a \u00faplav nejsou vhodn\u00e9 term\u00edny apod.).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Kni\u017en\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Meteorologick\u00e9ho slovn\u00edku v\u00fdkladov\u00e9ho a terminologick\u00e9ho pokl\u00e1d\u00e1m za v\u00fdznamn\u00fd \u010din obohacuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010deskou a slovenskou meteorologickou literaturu. Auto\u0159i slovn\u00edku si zaslou\u017e\u00ed up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed za kvalitn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159\u00edkladem vysoce efektivn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce \u010desk\u00fdch a slovensk\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>J\u00e1n Tomlain, MZ 1993\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 46, str. 156<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-79e1c61 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"79e1c61\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bad4d89\" data-id=\"bad4d89\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94bcb00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"94bcb00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-281db21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"281db21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Konec rozhlasov\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v pro plachta\u0159e<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c48b37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c48b37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00a0ned\u011bli 14. dubna 1991 v\u00a08.30 letn\u00edho \u010dasu odezn\u011bla naposled desetiminutov\u00e1 relace Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, ka\u017edodenn\u00ed nejdel\u0161\u00ed a nejsouborn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpravodajstv\u00ed o po\u010das\u00ed na stanici \u010ceskoslovensko. Nov\u00e9 veden\u00ed \u010cs. rozhlasu zd\u016fvodnilo jednostrann\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed tohoto pravideln\u00e9ho po\u0159adu t\u00edm, \u017ee se pr\u00fd \u201ez\u00e1jem poslucha\u010d\u016f o n\u011bj bl\u00ed\u017eil nule\u201c.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u00e1tr\u00e1me-li po tom, kdy zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 zpravodajstv\u00ed vlastn\u011b vzniklo a co p\u016fvodn\u011b obsahovalo, mus\u00edme se vr\u00e1tit o v\u00edce ne\u017e 40 let zp\u00e1tky. A. Kelnar z\u00a0\u00dast\u0159edn\u00edho archivu \u010cs. rozhlasu v\u00a0Praze na m\u016fj dotaz odpov\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee \u201emeteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy se za\u010daly vys\u00edlat od 1. b\u0159ezna 1949. Od t\u00e9 doby se denn\u011b vys\u00edlalo na stanici Praha 1 od 9.58 do 10 hodin, mimo soboty a ned\u011ble, pod n\u00e1zvem Zpr\u00e1vy o pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed situaci pro plachta\u0159e\u2026 Rozhlasov\u00fd programov\u00fd t\u00fdden\u00edk z\u00a0t\u00e9 doby nic neuv\u00e1d\u00ed\u201c.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Tot\u00e9\u017e datum potvrzuje i tehdej\u0161\u00ed \u0159editel St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho v\u00a0Praze \u2013 p\u0159edch\u016fdce \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu \u2013 doc. Dr. A. Gregor t\u00edmto konstatov\u00e1n\u00edm na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v: \u201eS povd\u011bkem uv\u00edtaly plachta\u0159sk\u00e9 kruhy, \u017ee pro n\u011b rozhlas uvolnil od b\u0159ezna t.r. denn\u011b v\u00a09 hodin 58 minut na vln\u011b Praha 1 relaci o stavu v\u011btru a teploty ve voln\u00e9m ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a celkov\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed situace podle v\u00fdsledk\u016f m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed radiosondami\u201c.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">K\u00a0pozn\u00e1n\u00ed struktury tehdej\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy n\u00e1s p\u0159ibli\u017euje nap\u0159. \u010dl\u00e1nek J. \u010cernocha v\u00a0K\u0159\u00eddlech vlasti z\u00a0kv\u011btna 1952: \u201eSt\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd zavedl zpr\u00e1vy pro plachta\u0159e, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed mapu ze 4.00 SE\u010c, v\u00fdstup Praha, sm\u011br a s\u00edlu p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edho a v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho v\u011btru (v Praze), p\u00e1smo n\u00e1mrazy, p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f a tlakovou tendenci. Zpr\u00e1vy jsou vys\u00edl\u00e1ny a\u017e v\u00a010.03, z\u00e1kres mapy a stavov\u00e9 k\u0159ivky trv\u00e1 p\u016fl hodiny, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee plachta\u0159 se m\u016f\u017ee na p\u0159elet vydat a\u017e kolem 11. hodiny, a tj. obvykle ji\u017e pozd\u011b. Krom\u011b toho nejsou vys\u00edl\u00e1ny zpr\u00e1vy o ned\u011bl\u00edch a sv\u00e1tc\u00edch, na kter\u00e9\u017eto dny je odk\u00e1z\u00e1no 90 % na\u0161ich plachta\u0159\u016f\u2026 V\u0161echny organizace, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed na placht\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1jem, by jist\u011b uv\u00edtaly, kdyby bylo s\u00a0\u010cs. Rozhlasem projedn\u00e1no vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v denn\u011b, to je i v\u00a0ned\u011bli a ve sv\u00e1tek v\u00a08.00 r\u00e1no. T\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1m \u010cs. rozhlas dopomoci k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee po dokonal\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b budou n\u00e1sledovat v\u00fdkony, kter\u00e9 na\u0161e lidov\u00e9 letectv\u00ed za\u0159ad\u00ed mezi nejlep\u0161\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b.\u201c<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 1952 tedy ve zpravodajstv\u00ed chyb\u011bla aerologick\u00e1 data z\u00a0v\u00fdstupu Poprad. Tuto okolnost spolu s\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi podn\u011bty vyj\u00e1d\u0159ilo usnesen\u00ed z\u00a0I. celost\u00e1tn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 konference v\u00a0Bratislav\u011b z\u00a0\u0159\u00edjna t\u00e9ho\u017e roku: \u201eKonference doporu\u010duje, aby zpr\u00e1vy pro plachta\u0159e byly roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 tak, \u017ee<\/p><ul><li class=\"rtejustify\">1. situace bude krom\u011b dosavadn\u00edho obsahovat slovn\u00ed popis polohy a o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje tlakov\u00fdch st\u0159ed\u016f<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">2. zpr\u00e1va bude obsahovat v\u00fdstupy obou aerologick\u00fdch stanic pra\u017esk\u00e9 i popradsk\u00e9<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">3. p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdvoje po\u010das\u00ed bude roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena na cel\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cSR (\u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republiky)<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">4. aerologickou zpr\u00e1vu bude prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm bratislavsk\u00e9ho rozhlasu vys\u00edlat i slovensk\u00e1 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba technick\u00e1, podrobnosti si prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Dosletu s\u00a0bratislavsk\u00fdm rozhlasem projedn\u00e1 slovensk\u00e1 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba sama\u201c<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zaj\u00edmavou ot\u00e1zkou je, jak byly v\u00a0t\u00e9to dob\u011b k\u00f3dov\u00e1ny polohy front a tlakov\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f. Podle J. Langera se jednalo o \u010dty\u0159\u010d\u00edsl\u00ed, slo\u017een\u00e9 ze zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky a d\u00e9lky, p\u0159i poloze z\u00e1padn\u011b od nult\u00e9ho poledn\u00edku byla skupina dolo\u017eena sl\u016fvkem z\u00e1pad. Nap\u0159.: tlakov\u00e1 n\u00ed\u017ee 987 mb 6207 z\u00e1pad, podru\u017en\u00e1 tlakov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e 1017 mb 4720\u2026 Naopak dle J. F\u00f6rchtgotta, kter\u00fd uv\u00e1d\u00ed obsah zpr\u00e1vy na p\u0159\u00edkladu z\u00a029. \u010dervna 1951, se ji\u017e v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b jednalo o pozd\u011bji b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 p\u011bti\u010d\u00edsl\u00ed. Tlakov\u00e9 pole bylo vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno sud\u00fdmi izobarami po 2 mb a za\u010d\u00e1tek rozhlasov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy byl v\u00a09.05 SE\u010c.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Definitivn\u00ed obsah a metodiku vyhodnocen\u00ed pak vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem popsal a rozebral J. F\u00f6rchtgott jednak na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v (1956\/2), jednak v\u00a0\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce plachta\u0159sk\u00e9 meteorologie (Na\u0161e vojsko, 1956). V\u00a0t\u00e9to podob\u011b pak zpr\u00e1va o pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed situaci byla ka\u017edodenn\u00edm pr\u016fvodcem v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm z\u00e1jemc\u016fm o po\u010das\u00ed a\u017e do sv\u00fdch posledn\u00edch dn\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u017de se po 42 letech p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b uzav\u0159ela jedna z\u00a0novodob\u00fdch tradic, pokud jde o slu\u017ebu ve\u0159ejnosti na rozhlasov\u00fdch vln\u00e1ch, nen\u00ed tedy vinou \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu. Je to bezesporu \u0161koda, nebo\u0165 se jednalo o jednu z\u00a0prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 totalitn\u00ed \u00e9\u0159e vznikly. V\u011b\u0159\u00edm proto, \u017ee u\u017eivatel\u00e9 zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho zpravodajstv\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159\u00ed sv\u016fj nesouhlas s\u00a0jednostrann\u00fdm stornem \u010cs. rozhlasu p\u00edsemn\u011b a to v\u00a0m\u00ed\u0159e co nejmasov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">N\u00e1zor, \u017ee v\u00a0dob\u011b pest\u0159ej\u0161\u00edch p\u0159enosov\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed se rann\u00ed zpr\u00e1va stala do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry anachronismem, je toti\u017e mo\u017eno uznat pouze v\u00a0rovin\u011b teoretick\u00e9. Toti\u017e vy\u0159azen\u00ed k\u00f3dovan\u00e9ho p\u0159enosu synoptick\u00e9 mapy a dal\u0161\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f z\u00a0rozhlasov\u00e9ho p\u0159enosu by m\u011blo ur\u010dit\u00e9 opodstatn\u011bn\u00ed jen tehdy, kdyby ho v\u00a0analogick\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 poloze nahradila n\u011bjak\u00e1 nov\u011b koncipovan\u00e1 relace v\u00a0televizi. Jen\u017ee tomu tak bohu\u017eel nen\u00ed a nav\u00edc z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00a0ter\u00e9nu rozhlasov\u00e9 informace st\u00e1le t\u011bmi nejdostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi (co\u017e se t\u00fdk\u00e1 nejen plachta\u0159\u016f, n\u00fdbr\u017e i zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch letadel a vrtuln\u00edk\u016f).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">A jak\u00e9mu po\u0159adu zpr\u00e1va pro plachta\u0159e vlastn\u011b ustoupila? Nahl\u00e9dnut\u00edm do t\u00fdden\u00edk\u016f Rozhlasu snadno zjist\u00edme, \u017ee od 15. dubna t. r. se na stanici \u010ceskoslovensko od 8.30 vys\u00edl\u00e1 po\u0159ad \u201e\u010cteme ze slovensk\u00e9ho tisku\u201c.<\/p><p><em>\u010cl\u00e1nek je uveden bez liter\u00e1rn\u00edch pramen\u016f, kter\u00e9 naleznete v\u00a0MZ (viz n\u00ed\u017ee).<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Jan Munzar, MZ 1991\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 44, str. 114<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f9fafd7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f9fafd7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0b2ad3f\" data-id=\"0b2ad3f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ef3fc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3ef3fc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-322dc0d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"322dc0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Finsk\u00e1 firma Vaisala u n\u00e1s<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a94ca6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a94ca6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Nov\u00e9 politick\u00e9 a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 trendy v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed vlasti se projevuj\u00ed i v\u00a0rostouc\u00edm z\u00e1jm\u016f sv\u011btov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f prosadit se na na\u0161em trhu meteorologick\u00e9 techniky.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po dlouh\u00fdch letech odmlky v\u010detn\u011b tuzemsk\u00fdch veletrh\u016f se dne 18. 4. 1990 v\u00a0Praze a 20. 4. 1990 v\u00a0Bratislav\u011b p\u0159edstavila firma Vaisala na sympoziu o nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9 technice. Akce byla spojena s\u00a0uk\u00e1zkami a bli\u017e\u0161\u00edm sezn\u00e1men\u00edm s\u00a0producentem a produkc\u00ed, zam\u011b\u0159enou na \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 aplikace.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Samotn\u00e1 firma p\u0159edstavuje modern\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed, obchodn\u00ed a servisn\u00ed uskupen\u00ed, prakticky obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed cel\u00fd sv\u011bt. Sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom n\u011bkolik \u00fadaj\u016f. Firma m\u00e1 celkem 650 zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, ro\u010dn\u00ed obrat \u010din\u00ed 50 mil. Dolar\u016f. P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 fili\u00e1lky m\u00e1 v\u00a0sedmi zem\u00edch, zastoupen\u00ed v\u00a060 zem\u00edch, vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 a v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny ve dvou zem\u00edch, ve sv\u00e9 produkci uplat\u0148uje p\u0159es 300 patent\u016f. Modern\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro v\u00fdzkum, v\u00fdvoj, v\u00fdrobu, c\u00edlev\u011bdom\u00fd program v\u00fdchovy sv\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f, zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na kvalitu, metrologickou a technickou spolehlivost, nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologie, pohotov\u00fd servis, starost o z\u00e1kazn\u00edka a u\u017eivatele i dobr\u00e1 obchodn\u00ed politika \u010din\u00ed firmu ve sv\u00e9m oboru \u0161pi\u010dkovou.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Semin\u00e1\u0159 veden\u00fd t\u00fdmem sympatick\u00fdch finsk\u00fdch specialist\u016f byl zam\u011b\u0159en zejm\u00e9na na nov\u00e9 modern\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdrobky. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu z\u00e1jmu se t\u011b\u0161il p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fd radiosond\u00e1\u017en\u00ed komplex, kter\u00fd nem\u00e1 ve sv\u011bt\u011b konkurenci a v\u00fdsledky radiosond\u00e1\u017e\u00ed slo\u017e\u00ed jako porovn\u00e1vac\u00ed norm\u00e1l. O kvalit\u011b sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9 produkce 258 tis\u00edc radiosond ro\u010dn\u011b. D\u00e1le byl p\u0159edstaven syst\u00e9m automatick\u00e9ho d\u00e1lkov\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed MILOS 200, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b variant prov\u00e1d\u011bt, p\u0159edzpracov\u00e1vat a p\u0159ed\u00e1vat m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch prvk\u016f podle zadan\u00fdch rozsah\u016f a program\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b aplikac\u00ed pro d\u00e1lni\u010dn\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, vyu\u017eit\u00ed na leti\u0161t\u00edch aj. Z\u00a0modern\u00edch sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f byl p\u0159edstaven m\u011b\u0159i\u010d optick\u00fdch parametr\u016f ovzdu\u0161\u00ed (transmissometr), jeho\u017e v\u00fdstupy jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty viditelnost\u00ed a optick\u00fdch dosah\u016f, d\u00e1le detektor mlhy, m\u011b\u0159i\u010d v\u00fd\u0161ky z\u00e1kladny oblak\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edk\u016fm byl p\u0159ed\u00e1n dob\u0159e zpracovan\u00fd propaga\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1l a technick\u00e9 popisy. V\u00a0diskusi byly zodpov\u011bzeny v\u0161echny dotazy k\u00a0technice, technologii i k\u00a0pr\u00e1ci firmy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z\u00a0uveden\u00e9 produkce je d\u00e1le zaj\u00edmav\u00fd rozvoj oblasti m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed profil\u016f v\u011btru vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed sond\u00e1\u017e\u00ed pomoc\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho radiov\u00e9ho impulzu (windprofiler), rozvoj aplikac\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f, jako nap\u0159. barometrick\u00fdch (s dob\u0159e vymy\u0161lenou garanc\u00ed za spolehlivost v\u00fdsledk\u016f), parametr\u016f stavu a p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed stavu povrchu vozovek, slo\u017eek sol\u00e1rn\u00ed radiace, m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed parametru v\u011btru aj.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ob\u011b z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany konstatovaly, \u017ee rozvoj dal\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce a kontakt\u016f je v\u00edce ne\u017e pot\u0159ebn\u00fd. Stoj\u00edme u n\u00e1s p\u0159ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed automatizac\u00ed slu\u017eby a vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu kvalitn\u00edch sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f a modern\u00ed techniky je kl\u00ed\u010dovou ot\u00e1zkou n\u00e1stupu, p\u0159\u00edstupu a hodnocen\u00ed jej\u00ed efektivnosti. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me proto s\u00a0nad\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee se poda\u0159\u00ed zajistit dostatek deviz na po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 techniky a v\u00a0na\u0161ich provozech potvrdit mezi odborn\u00edky zn\u00e1m\u00fd fakt, \u017ee Vaisala \u2013 to je kvalita, z\u00e1ruka a provozn\u00ed spolehlivost.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Lubom\u00edr Hodan, MZ 1990\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 43, str. 123\u2013124<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2f45810 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2f45810\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f5baff5\" data-id=\"f5baff5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-477b865 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"477b865\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2931ef4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2931ef4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0158\u00c1D PR\u00c1CE \u010cESK\u00c9MU HYDROMETEOROLOGICK\u00c9MU \u00daSTAVU<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35110cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35110cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p class=\"rtejustify\">V jubilejn\u00edm roce 40. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vyvrcholen\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u011b osvobozeneck\u00e9ho boje \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho lidu a osvobozen\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed vlasti Sov\u011btskou arm\u00e1dou bylo \u010desk\u00e9mu hydrometeorologick\u00e9mu \u00fastavu prop\u016fj\u010deno \u2014 na n\u00e1vrh ministra lesn\u00edho a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a po schv\u00e1len\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi stranick\u00fdmi a odborov\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny \u2014 vysok\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed \u0158\u00e1d pr\u00e1ce.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vysok\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159evzali dne 30. dubna 1985 na Pra\u017esk\u00e9m hrad\u011b z\u00e1stupci \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeoro\u00adlogick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V n\u00e1vaznosti na ud\u011blen\u00ed \u0158\u00e1du pr\u00e1ce se 21. kv\u011btna 1985 v s\u00e1le Kulturn\u00edho domu v Praze 4 na Novodvorsk\u00e9 uskute\u010dnil Aktiv brig\u00e1d socialistick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a komplexn\u00edch racionaliza\u010dn\u00edch brig\u00e1d pod heslem \u201e\u00dakoly XVI. sjez\u00addu pln\u00edme&#8221;. V\u00edce ne\u017e 300 deleg\u00e1t\u016f aktivu z \u010cHMU p\u0159iv\u00edtalo v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 hosty, vedouc\u00edho 10. odd\u011blen\u00ed \u00daV KS\u010c dr. Julia Vargu, ministra LVH ing. Franti\u0161ka Kalinu, z\u00e1stupce \u010cSLA gener\u00e1lmajora Otakara Vlacha, n\u00e1m\u011bstka prim\u00e1tora hl. m. Prahy ing. Bohumila Moravce a dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1stupce stranick\u00fdch, st\u00e1tn\u00edch, odborov\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f i v\u011bdeck\u00fdch instituc\u00ed. Vedouc\u00ed delegac\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch projevech vysoce zhodnotili dosavadn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou \u010dinnost \u00fastavu, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 zd\u016fraznili z\u00e1vaznost dosa\u017een\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f pro spln\u011bn\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch je\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f. *<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jako velmi vhodn\u00e9 se uk\u00e1zalo ocen\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkolika des\u00edtek nej lep\u0161\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f \u010cHMU za dosa\u017een\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky i za dlouholetou anga\u017eovanou \u010dinnost v odborov\u00e9m hnut\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti. V diskusn\u00edch vystoupen\u00edch zhodnotili z\u00e1stupci n\u011bkter\u00fdch BSP dosavadn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky, shrnuli kladn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a upozornili i na p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky a nedostatky, kter\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 odstranit jako p\u0159edpoklad k spln\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech \u00fakol\u016f v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm obdob\u00ed. S pozitivn\u00ed odezvou se setkal zpevn\u011bn\u00fd socialistick\u00fd z\u00e1vazek pracuj\u00edc\u00edch \u010cHM\u00da i provol\u00e1n\u00ed BSP a KRB z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch na aktivu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V redak\u010dn\u00ed zkratce uv\u00e1d\u00edme faktografii z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f o \u010cHM\u00da tak, jak zazn\u011bla v hlavn\u00edch projevech na aktivu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prop\u016fj\u010den\u00ed \u0158\u00e1du pr\u00e1ce \u010cesk\u00e9mu hydrometeorologick\u00e9mu \u00fastavu je ocen\u011bn\u00edm jeho dlouholet\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce pro v\u0161echna odv\u011btv\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, pro spr\u00e1vn\u00ed a politick\u00e9 org\u00e1ny a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro ve\u0159ejnost, kter\u00fdm poskytuje komplexn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi a informace o stavu atmosf\u00e9ry a hydrosf\u00e9ry, informace o kvalit\u011b vodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f, o kvalit\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a vlivu \u010dlov\u011bka na atmosf\u00e9ru a hydrosf\u00e9ru. \u00dastav zv\u00fd\u0161enou aktivitou a iniciativou pracovn\u00edho kolektivu \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b plnil zejm\u00e9na v posledn\u00edch letech \u00fakoly vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed ze zna\u010dn\u011b vystup\u0148ovan\u00fdch n\u00e1rok\u016f na rozsah a p\u0159esnost poskytovan\u00fdch informac\u00ed. Zpracov\u00e1val p\u0159edpov\u011bdi pr\u016ftok\u016f na toc\u00edch, nutn\u00e9 ze\u00adjm\u00e9na v povod\u0148ov\u00fdch situac\u00edch k ochran\u011b socialistick\u00e9ho majetku, p\u0159i manipulaci na vodn\u00edch d\u00edlech a p\u0159i udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed splavnosti vodn\u00edch cest. V leteck\u00e9 doprav\u011b poskytoval informace nutn\u00e9 pro bezpe\u010dnost i pro hospo\u00add\u00e1rnost let\u016f, v silni\u010dn\u00ed a m\u011bstsk\u00e9 doprav\u011b informace p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed k v\u010dasn\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm pro sj\u00edzdnost vozovek. V energetice slou\u017eily p\u0159edpov\u011bdi v\u011btru a n\u00e1mraz k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159enosu elektrick\u00e9 energie. \u00dastav sou\u010dasn\u011b vypra\u00adcoval podklady pro vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed netradi\u010dn\u00edch zdroj\u016f energie \u2014 slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a v\u011btru. Hydrometeorologick\u00e9 informace st\u00e1le intenzivn\u011bji vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 na\u0161e zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i sklizni obil\u00ed, lnu, chmele, sena, brambor, ovoce a hroznov\u00e9ho v\u00edna a k opat\u0159en\u00edm proti \u0161k\u016fdc\u016fm. \u00dastav vyd\u00e1val i speci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi pro filma\u0159e, letn\u00ed kina, divadla a koncerty v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, pro sportovn\u00ed a spole\u010densk\u00e9 akce, zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 letectv\u00ed, mont\u00e1\u017ee apod.<\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"rtejustify\">Nem\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 n\u00e1rodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 dopady m\u011bly hydrometeorologick\u00e9 informace o dlouhodob\u00e9m re\u017eimu atmosf\u00e9ry a hydrosf\u00e9ry na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cSSR. Pro vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 stavby to byly hydrologick\u00e9 podklady pro vy\u00adpracov\u00e1n\u00ed projektov\u00e9 dokumentace, pro v\u00fdstavbu a provoz jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren informace o meteorologick\u00fdch a hydrologick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, pro spoja\u0159e nutn\u00e9 podklady pro stavby rozhlasov\u00fdch a televizn\u00edch sto\u017e\u00e1r\u016f, pro v\u00fdvozce stroj\u016f a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed klimatologick\u00e9 informace o zem\u00edch odb\u011bratel\u016f, pro zdravotn\u00edky \u00fadaje nutn\u00e9 pro zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed vlivu po\u010das\u00ed na psychiku lid\u00ed, na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd po\u010det infarkt\u016f i na \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed naka\u017eliv\u00fdch chorob, pro \u00fatvary VB, poji\u0161\u0165ovny a soudy podklady nutn\u00e9 pro vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nehod i trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti atd. Od roku 1983 zabezpe\u00ad\u010duje \u00fastav v Severo\u010desk\u00e9 hn\u011bdouheln\u00e9 p\u00e1nvi progn\u00f3zn\u00ed a sign\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje prov\u00e1d\u011bt opat\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159i nevhodn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch pro rozptyl exhalac\u00ed. Klimatologick\u00e9 \u00fadaje se staly nezbytn\u00fdm podkladem pro projektov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00eddli\u0161\u0165, pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f, komunikac\u00ed, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch a zdravotnick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed i k rozho\u00addov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i vytipov\u00e1n\u00ed oblast\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin a zales\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V r\u00e1mci pln\u011bn\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f i pro dal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj a kvalitu poskytovan\u00fdch slu\u017eeb \u0159e\u0161\u00ed \u00fastav z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 v\u011b\u00addeckov\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u00fakoly. V t\u00e9to p\u011btiletce jsou to zejm\u00e9na \u010dty\u0159i st\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u00fakoly a \u0159ada podnikov\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na problematiku \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm nov\u00fdch forem hydrometeorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb a zkvalitn\u011bn\u00edm informac\u00ed prakticky pro v\u0161echna odv\u011btv\u00ed i pro ve\u0159ejnost se \u00fastavu poda\u0159ilo pokr\u00fdt bez podstatn\u00e9ho n\u00e1r\u016fstu pracovn\u00edch sil nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po\u017ea\u00addavky a pot\u0159eby. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm racionaliza\u010dn\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm, kter\u00e9 umo\u017enilo u\u017e\u0161\u00ed kontakt s u\u017eivateli hydrome\u00adteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed, jako\u017e i zefektivn\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, je budov\u00e1n\u00ed krajsk\u00fdch komplexn\u00edch pracovi\u0161\u0165 \u00fastavu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Data, kter\u00e1 \u00fastav vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k pln\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch a v\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f, vznikaj\u00ed ve slo\u017eit\u00e9m a technicky i organiza\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9m technick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu, a\u0165 jde o data z vlastn\u00ed stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e1 dnes p\u0159edstavuje v\u00edc ne\u017e 5000 objekt\u016f, nebo z radiosond, z radiolok\u00e1toru nebo ze sn\u00edmk\u016f po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch z meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u017eic. P\u0159enos dat se uskute\u010d\u0148uje prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pra\u017esk\u00e9 centrum je propojeno s cen\u00adtrem v Moskv\u011b a v Offenbachu (NSR) a poskytuje sv\u00e9 slu\u017eby p\u0159ipojen\u00fdm n\u00e1rodn\u00edm instituc\u00edm v NDR. PLR, MLR a Rakousku.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm uzn\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u00e1ce \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 hydrometeorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby bylo v roce 1983 jme\u00adnov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159editele \u00fastavu \u010dlenem v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 rady Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace. Rovn\u011b\u017e spolupr\u00e1ce v r\u00e1mci org\u00e1nu p\u0159edstavitel\u016f hydrometeorologick\u00fdch a meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb socialistick\u00fdch zem\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed efektivn\u00ed zdroj informac\u00ed k sledov\u00e1n\u00ed celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky pro rozvoj \u00fastavu i pro cel\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Rada specialist\u016f \u00fastavu \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b pom\u00e1hala p\u0159i budov\u00e1n\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Z rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 publika\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti je nutno zejm\u00e9na upozornit na dv\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 d\u00edla ocen\u011bn\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00edmi cenami. V roce 1960 byla ud\u011blena St\u00e1tn\u00ed cena Klementa Gottwalda za vyd\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eAtlasu podneb\u00ed \u010cSR&#8221; a v roce 1975 st\u00e1tn\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eZa z\u00e1sluhy o v\u00fdstavbu&#8221; za vyd\u00e1n\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 publikace \u201eHydrologick\u00e9 pom\u011bry \u010cSSR&#8221;.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"rtejustify\">V r\u00e1mci omezen\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 organizace zaji\u0161\u0165uje \u00fastav soci\u00e1ln\u00ed program, podle n\u011bho\u017e poskytuje pion\u00fdrskou letn\u00ed a zimn\u00ed rekreaci ro\u010dn\u011b pro v\u00edc ne\u017e 200 d\u011bt\u00ed, zabezpe\u010duje rekreaci sv\u00fdm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm ve vlast\u00adn\u00edm rekrea\u010dn\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed i dra\u017eebn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnnou rekreaci s NDR a recipro\u010dn\u00ed rekreaci pro organizace vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed v Jugosl\u00e1vii.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prop\u016fj\u010den\u00ed vysok\u00e9ho st\u00e1tn\u00edho vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da je v\u00fdrazem zhodnocen\u00ed jeho v\u0161estrann\u00e9ho rozvoje v po\u00adsledn\u00edm obdob\u00ed i napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f, kter\u00e9 pro jeho \u010dinnost stanovil XVI. sjezd KS\u010c ve sv\u00fdch z\u00e1v\u011brech. Pro v\u0161echny pracovn\u00edky \u010cHM\u00da je toto ocen\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1vazkem nejen k upevn\u011bn\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f, ale i k je\u0161t\u011b usilovn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci pro rozvoj na\u0161eho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a cel\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>MZ 1985\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 38, str. 97-99<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1ccaeb8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1ccaeb8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-21e27b1\" data-id=\"21e27b1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4aa4c2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4aa4c2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"214\" height=\"273\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Obasi.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9135\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6d3361 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b6d3361\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">GENER\u00c1LN\u00cd SEKRET\u00c1\u0158 SV\u011aTOV\u00c9 METEOROLOGICK\u00c9 ORGANIZACE PROFESOR GODWIN OLU PATRICK OBASI<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec8de67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ec8de67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Na IX. kongresu Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace (SMO) v \u017denev\u011b v kv\u011btnu 1983 byl jmenov\u00e1n gener\u00e1ln\u00edm sekret\u00e1\u0159em SMO profesor Godwin Olu Patrick Obasi z Nig\u00e9rie.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Profesor Obasi se narodil v Nig\u00e9rii 24. 12. 1933. V roce 1956 zah\u00e1jil svoji meteorologickou dr\u00e1hu jako pozorovatel. Studo\u00adval v USA, kde absolvoval Technick\u00fd institut ve st\u00e1t\u011b Massa\u00adchusetts a z\u00edskal titul doktora v oboru meteorologie. Je nosi\u00adtelem ceny C. Rossbyho za nejlep\u0161\u00ed rigor\u00f3zn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci v tomto institutu. Je dr\u017eitelem \u010destn\u00e9ho titulu v oboru matematiky a fyziky Univerzity Mc Gilla v Montrealu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V roce 1963 se profesor Obasi vr\u00e1til do Nig\u00e9rie a zast\u00e1val r\u016fzn\u00e9 funkce, mimo jin\u00e9 pracoval jako samostatn\u00fd meteoro\u00adlog a m\u011bl na starosti oblast v\u00fdzkumu a v\u00fdchovy a Meteorolo\u00adgick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed centrum Nig\u00e9rie. V roce 1973 se stal exter\u00adn\u00edm v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm pracovn\u00edkem St\u00e1tn\u00ed univerzity na Florid\u011b v USA a sou\u010dasn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bl v\u00fdzkumnou pr\u00e1ci pro N\u00e1rodn\u00ed centrum v\u00fdzkumu atmosf\u00e9ry v Boulderu ve st\u00e1t\u011b Colorado. Jako odborn\u00edk vyslan\u00fd SMO v r\u00e1mci Rozvojov\u00e9ho programu OSN (UNDP) zast\u00e1val funkci odborn\u00e9ho asistenta v oboru meteorologie na univerzit\u011b v Nairobi (Ke\u0148a), pozd\u011bji se staL profesorem meteorologie, vedouc\u00edm katedry meteorologie a d\u011b\u00adkanem fakulty v\u011bd t\u00e9to univerzity (1967\u20141976). Po sv\u00e9m n\u00e1vratu do Nig\u00e9rie koncem roku 1976 se stal poradcem Fede\u00adr\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1dy Nig\u00e9rie pro v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdchovu v meteorologii a \u0159editelem tamn\u00edho \u00dastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu a v\u00fd\u00adchovy. V roce 1978 byl jmenov\u00e1n do sekretari\u00e1tu SMO v \u017de\u00adnev\u011b jako vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed pro vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdcvik.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Profesor Obasi publikoval celou \u0159adu v\u011bdeck\u00fdch a odbor\u00adn\u00fdch pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed meteorologie a hydrometeorologie, zab\u00fdv\u00e1 se v\u011bdeckou \u010dinnost\u00ed na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni. V letech 1976\u20141978 byl p\u0159edsedou Nig\u00e9rijsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1\u00adrodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru experimentu WAMEX a hlavn\u00edm nigerijsk\u00fdm deleg\u00e1tem v Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edm v\u00fdboru pro Prvn\u00ed celosv\u011btov\u00fd ex\u00adperiment Programu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu atmosf\u00e9ry (FGGE) po\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9ho SMO ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed radou v\u011bdec\u00adk\u00fdch svaz\u016f (ICSU), byl koordin\u00e1torem pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed Afriku v p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9m programu Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed federace v\u011bdeck\u00fdch spo\u00adle\u010dnost\u00ed pro dal\u0161\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed (IFIAS). Byl p\u0159edsedou pracovn\u00ed skupiny pro tropickou meteorologii Komise atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch v\u011bd SMO (1965\u20141967), v roce 1978 se stal z\u00e1stupcem prezidenta t\u00e9to komise. V letech 1967\u20141976 byl \u010dlenem Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ko\u00admise pro dynamickou meteorologu Mezin\u00e1rodni spole\u010dnosti meteorologie a fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry. Je rovn\u011b\u017e \u010dlenem britsk\u00e9 Spole\u010dnosti statistik\u016f jako odborn\u00edk v oblasti zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 statistiky.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Profesor Godwin Olu Patrick Obasi se ujal sv\u00e9 funkce od 1. 1. 1984 a vyst\u0159\u00eddal profesora Aksela C. Wiin-Nielsena z D\u00e1nska, kter\u00fd byl gener\u00e1ln\u00edm sekret\u00e1\u0159em SMO od roku 1980.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Ing. V\u00e1clav Richter, \u0159editel \u010cHM\u00da, \u010dlen v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 rady Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace, MZ 1984\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 37, str. 69<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b75fb98 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b75fb98\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a7f57a0\" data-id=\"a7f57a0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aef411e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"aef411e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-097acdd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"097acdd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">OSLAVY V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd HYDROMETEOROLOGICK\u00c9HO \u00daSTAVU V ROCE 1979<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5201725 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5201725\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Krom\u011b 25. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vzniku Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu (HM\u00da), k n\u011bmu\u017e se vztahuje \u00favodn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek v 1. \u010d\u00edsle Meteoro\u00adlogick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v z leto\u0161n\u00edho roku, p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na rok 1979 i druh\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00fastavu, 60. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00ed St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho. K zalo\u017een\u00ed tohoto p\u0159edch\u016fdce meteorolo\u00adgick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti dne\u0161n\u00edho HM\u00da do\u0161lo rozhodnut\u00edm ministersk\u00e9 rady CSR dne 9. 12. 1919.<\/p><div><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00dastav soust\u0159edil oslavy obou v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed v druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b b\u0159ezna. V tomto obdob\u00ed byla vystup\u0148ov\u00e1na popularizace \u010dinnosti \u00fastavu zejm\u00e9na ve sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch. Do roz\u00adhlasu i televize bylo za\u0159azeno n\u011bkolik po\u0159ad\u016f v\u011bnovan\u00fdch propagaci slu\u017eeb, poskytovan\u00fdch \u00fastavem n\u00e1rodn\u00edmu hospo\u00add\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed i ve\u0159ejnosti. V b\u0159eznu vy\u0161la rovn\u011b\u017e \u00fa\u010delov\u00e1 publikace \u201eHydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed&#8221;, za\u00adm\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na na p\u0159\u00ednosy, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i c\u00edlev\u011bdom\u00e9m vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch obo\u00adrech.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vyvrcholen\u00edm oslav bylo uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdeckotechnick\u00e9 kon\u00adference, zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na zhodnocen\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu a perspek\u00adtiv rozvoje hydrometeorologick\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f. Na p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b od\u00adborn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti konference se pod\u00edlely HM\u00da v Praze i Bratislav\u011b a konference se pak z\u00fa\u010dastnily, krom\u011b p\u0159edstavitel\u016f nad\u00ad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch a spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edch organizac\u00ed, po\u010detn\u00e9 delegace ve\u00addouc\u00edch a zaslou\u017eil\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f a dlouholet\u00fdch dobro\u00advoln\u00fdch pozorovatel\u016f obou \u00fastav\u016f. Konference se konala v Kulturn\u00edm dom\u011b pracuj\u00edc\u00edch Dopravn\u00edch podnik\u016f v Praze 7 ve dnech 27. a 28. b\u0159ezna.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Refer\u00e1ty konference se dot\u00fdkaly dvou t\u00e9matick\u00fdch okruh\u016f: syst\u00e9mu vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho \u00fastavy pro z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159enos a zpraco\u00adv\u00e1n\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00fdch dat a slu\u017eeb poskytovan\u00fdch \u00fastavem n\u00e1rodn\u00edmu hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a spole\u010dnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V prvn\u00edm t\u00e9matick\u00e9m okruhu, kter\u00fd byl zah\u00e1jen po vstup\u00adn\u00edm refer\u00e1tu \u0159editel\u016f \u00fastav\u016f, nazna\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm hlavn\u00ed tendence budouc\u00edho v\u00fdvoje obou \u00fastav\u016f, byly p\u0159edneseny refer\u00e1ty t\u00fd\u00adkaj\u00edc\u00ed se tzv. technologick\u00e9 linky, tj. syst\u00e9mu tvo\u0159en\u00e9ho s\u00edt\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00fdch stanic, telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed \u00fastavu a jeho v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed technikou. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost byla v\u011bnov\u00e1na aerologick\u00fdm a ozonometrick\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm, meteorologick\u00e9 radioloka\u010dn\u00ed technice, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u00ad\u017eic i radioizotopov\u00fdch metod p\u0159i hydrologick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00edch.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159echodem k druh\u00e9mu t\u00e9matick\u00e9mu okruhu byly refer\u00e1ty, hodnot\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdsledky \u010dinnosti pobo\u010dek \u00fastav\u016f, v\u00fdsledky v\u00fd\u00adzkumn\u00fdch prac\u00ed a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce. Refer\u00e1ty hodnot\u00edc\u00ed slu\u017eby poskytovan\u00e9 \u00fastavem byly zam\u011b\u0159eny zejm\u00e9na na vy\u00adu\u017eit\u00ed hydrologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed, soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00fdch v hydrofondu, pro pot\u0159eby hydrologick\u00e9ho dispe\u010dinku i pro dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely, vy\u00adu\u017eit\u00ed klimatologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed, informac\u00ed pro zabezpe\u010den\u00ed \u010dinnosti civiln\u00edho a speci\u00e1ln\u00edho letectv\u00ed a pro \u00fa\u010dely ochrany \u010distoty ovzdu\u0161\u00ed; byly rozebr\u00e1ny i perspektivy zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed vyd\u00e1van\u00fdch HM\u00da.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pr\u016f\u0159ez \u010dinnostmi obou \u00fastav\u016f, kter\u00fd byl na konferenci pod\u00e1n, jasn\u011b prok\u00e1zal, \u017ee \u00fastavy v z\u00e1sad\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b v uplynul\u00e9m obdob\u00ed plnily sv\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed posl\u00e1n\u00ed a \u017ee si do budoucnosti vy\u00adty\u010duj\u00ed \u00fakoly, kter\u00e9 jsou v souladu s pot\u0159ebami na\u0161eho hos\u00adpod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a spole\u010dnosti i se silami a prost\u0159edky, kter\u00e9 \u00fastavy budou m\u00edt podle dne\u0161n\u00edch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f k dispozici.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V r\u00e1mci konference odezn\u011bly tak\u00e9 osobn\u00ed vzpom\u00ednky nej-star\u0161\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f \u010desk\u00e9 a slovensk\u00e9 meteorologie na na\u0161e u\u010ditele, kolegy a spolupracovn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed se leto\u0161n\u00edch v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed nedo\u017eili. Refer\u00e1ty p\u0159ednesen\u00e9 na v\u011bdeckotechnick\u00e9 konferenci vyd\u00e1 HM\u00da v Praze ve zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm sborn\u00edku.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed konference byl slavnostn\u00ed ve\u010der, na n\u011bm\u017e ministr lesn\u00edho a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed s. Ing. Ladislav Hruzik p\u0159edal \u010destn\u00e1 uzn\u00e1n\u00ed dlouholet\u00fdm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm \u00fastav\u016f i zaslou\u017eil\u00fdm dobrovoln\u00fdm pozorovatel\u016fm. \u0158editel\u00e9 \u00fastavu p\u0159edali p\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti rovn\u011b\u017e ocen\u011bn\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00edm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm vyhodno\u00adcen\u00fdm v socialistick\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Oslavy byly d\u016fstojn\u00fdm zhodnocen\u00edm minul\u00e9 spole\u010densky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce \u00fastav\u016f. T\u011b\u0161ily so zna\u010dn\u00e9 pozornosti nejen pracovn\u00edk\u016f \u00fastavu, ale i \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Bo\u0159ivoj Sob\u00ed\u0161ek, MZ 1979\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 32, str. 159<\/em><\/p><\/div><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36836dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36836dd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-044a99c\" data-id=\"044a99c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dadd579 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dadd579\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"154\" height=\"200\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Kurpelova.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9142\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d04f15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d04f15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">VYZNAMENAN\u00cd PRACOVN\u00cdCI HYDROMETEOROLO\u00adGICK\u00c9HO \u00daSTAVU V BRATISLAV\u011a<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14a0f64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14a0f64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Za dlhoro\u010dn\u00fa vedeck\u00fa a odborn\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165, pri p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti \u017ei\u00advotn\u00e9ho jubilea ud\u011blil prezident \u010ceskoslovenskej socialistickej republiky \u0161t\u00e1tne vyznamenanie<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u201eZA VYNIKAJ\u00daCU PR\u00c1CU&#8221;, s. RNDr. Margite Kurpelovej, CSc., ved\u00facej v\u00fdskumn\u00e9ho oddelenia klimatol\u00f3gie.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Minister lesn\u00e9ho a vodn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva Slovenskej socialis\u00adtickej republiky ud\u011blil za pracovn\u011b z\u00e1sluhy \u010destn\u00fd odznak ministra \u201eBudovatel vodn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva&#8221; t\u00fdmto pracovn\u00edkom:<\/p><ol><li class=\"rtejustify\">Juraj Jurkovi\u010d, ved\u00faci skupiny v klimat, odbore<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Kamila Kadulov\u00e1, prom. knih., ved\u00faca OBIS-u<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Doc. RNDr. Ferdinand \u0160amaj, CSc, riaditel&#8217; HM\u00da SSR<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0<\/p><h2 class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>VYZNAMENAN\u00cd PRACOVN\u00cdCI HYDROMETEOROLO\u00adGICK\u00c9HO \u00daSTAVU V PRAZE<\/strong><\/h2><p class=\"rtejustify\">P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti stolet\u00e9ho trv\u00e1n\u00ed Hydrologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby bylo Hydrometeorologick\u00e9mu \u00fastavu v Praze v roce 1975 prop\u016fj\u010deno st\u00e1tn\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eZA Z\u00c1SLUHY O V\u00ddSTAVBU&#8221;<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ministr lesn\u00edho a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed prop\u016fj\u010dil odznak mi\u00adnistra a \u00daV \u010cOS \u201eNejlep\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00edk&#8221; za pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1sluhy t\u011bmto pracovn\u00edk\u016fm:<\/p><ol><li class=\"rtejustify\">RNDr. Ji\u0159\u00ed Barbo\u0159\u00edk, PHM\u00da \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Hana Da\u0148kov\u00e1, prom. geogr., HIS Praha 5<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Jarmila Chodov\u00e1, PHM\u00da \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Alois J\u00ed\u0161a, LMS Praha-Ruzyn\u011b<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Redakce, MZ 1976\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 29, str. 94<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b3e9c7f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b3e9c7f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac52258\" data-id=\"ac52258\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f39b710 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f39b710\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cb06e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0cb06e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Koncentrace evropsk\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch mozk\u016f,<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98435b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"98435b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">nebo jedin\u00e1 cesta k zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb v n\u00e1rodn\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, nebo reakce Evropy na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch center a jin\u00e9 podobn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky se vy\u00adno\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i pe\u010dliv\u00e9m \u010dten\u00ed preambule \u00damluvy o z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed evropsk\u00e9ho \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed pro st\u0159edn\u011bdobou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Dne 11. \u0159\u00edjna 1973 podepsaly \u00famluvu Belgie, NSR, D\u00e1nsko, Francie, Irsko, It\u00e1lie, Holandsko, Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie, kter\u00e9 jsou \u010dleny Evropsk\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed, d\u00e1le Finsko, \u0158ecko, Portugalsko, \u0160pan\u011blsko, \u0160v\u00e9dsko, \u0160v\u00fdcarsko, Jugosl\u00e1vie. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se podpis Rakouska.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vznikla nov\u00e1, samostatn\u00e1 evropsk\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 instituce, nov\u00e9ho typu, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed status, v jej\u00edm\u017e \u010dele stoj\u00ed Rada a \u0159editel a jej\u00ed\u017e \u00fakoly jsou tyto:<\/p><ul><li class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00fdzkum a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch matematick\u00fdch model\u016f pro st\u0159edn\u011bdobou p\u0159edpov\u011bdi.<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Pravideln\u00e9 vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi na 4 \u2014 10 dn\u016f.<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Postgradu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdchova evropsk\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f v oboru numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi.<\/li><li class=\"rtejustify\">Vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed banky dat, kter\u00e1 bude k disposici n\u00e1rodn\u00edm slu\u017e\u00adb\u00e1m.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"rtejustify\">B\u011bhem p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch 5 let uvede v \u017eivot tuto instituci 120 meteorolo\u00adg\u016f a jin\u00fdch specialist\u016f, ve vlastn\u00ed budov\u011b, s vlastn\u00edm po\u010dita\u010dem schopn\u00fdm prov\u00e1d\u011bt 50 mili\u00f3n\u016f instrukc\u00ed za vte\u0159inu. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edky tohoto \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed budou p\u0159edev\u0161im n\u00e1rodn\u00ed slu\u017eby st\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 \u00famluvu podepsaly a kter\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a provoz centra financuji. \u00dast\u0159edna bude um\u00edst\u011bna ve Shinfield Park, Berkshire v Anglii.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Miloslav Novotn\u00fd, MZ 1974\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 27, str. 95<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7b7fd6d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7b7fd6d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-29c689e\" data-id=\"29c689e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e182010 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e182010\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-038f6ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"038f6ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Komo\u0159ansk\u00fd z\u00e1mek<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bc692d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9bc692d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Synoptick\u00e1 a leteck\u00e1 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba HM\u00da oslavila 28. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1969 sv\u00e9 desetilet\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u010dinnosti v z\u00e1me\u010dku Komo\u0159any, kam se p\u0159est\u011bhovala z ruzy\u0148sk\u00e9ho leti\u0161t\u011b. Turista jdouc\u00ed po zbraslavsk\u00e9 silnici \u010di pluj\u00edc\u00ed po Vltav\u011b u Mod\u0159an upout\u00e1 sv\u016fj zrak na p\u016fvabn\u00fd z\u00e1me\u010dek s dv\u011bma v\u011b\u017ei\u010dkami proti Lahovic\u00edm, dnes ji\u017e na \u00fazem\u00ed hl. m\u011bsta Prahy bl\u00edzko Z\u00e1visti, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 archeo\u00adlogick\u00fdmi objevy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Tento d\u0159\u00edve pom\u011brn\u011b m\u00e1lo zn\u00e1m\u00fd z\u00e1me\u010dek je dnes u na\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed. Kdo by nem\u011bl z\u00e1jem o p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed. Ov\u0161em m\u00e1lokter\u00e1 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba na sv\u011bt\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit t\u00edm, \u017ee s\u00eddl\u00ed v historick\u00e9m objektu, v z\u00e1meck\u00e9m pro\u00adst\u0159ed\u00ed, nad jeho\u017e n\u011bkter\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi pam\u00e1tkov\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de dr\u017e\u00ed svou ochrannou ruku. A pr\u00e1v\u011b Hydrometeorologick\u00e9mu \u00fastavu m\u016f\u017ee tento z\u00e1me\u010dek vd\u011b\u010dit, \u017ee se op\u011bt probudil k nov\u00e9mu \u017eivotu, \u017ee op\u011bt zaz\u00e1\u0159il leskem a \u017ee se zpopularizoval, jak o tom sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f exkurs\u00ed od \u0161koln\u00ed ml\u00e1de\u017ee a\u017e po d\u016fchodce, kte\u0159\u00ed s nev\u0161edn\u00edm z\u00e1jmem b\u011bhem 10 let tento historick\u00fd objekt nav\u0161t\u00edvili. Byl to z\u00e1jem o meteorologii \u010di trochu o historii? Jist\u011b, \u017ee oboj\u00ed. Ov\u0161em t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 poutal jen historick\u00fd z\u00e1jem, nebylo mo\u017eno mnoho uk\u00e1zat. Z\u00e1me\u010dek p\u016fvodn\u011b renesan\u010dn\u00ed je jedno-poscho\u010fov\u00fd s osmihrannou v\u011b\u017e\u00ed, kde je kaple s klenutou valenou klenbou s lunetami, strop i st\u011bny jsou zdobeny \u0161tuky a freskami (Svat\u00e1 Rodina). Fas\u00e1da severn\u00edho pr\u016f\u010del\u00ed v\u011b\u017ee je zdobena sgrafitovou rustikou. V kapli je barokn\u00ed hranolovit\u00fd olt\u00e1\u0159 s obra\u00adzem Madony s d\u00edt\u011btem. Tedy tato z\u00e1meck\u00e1 kaple, dv\u011b v\u011b\u017ee a z\u00e1meck\u00e1 br\u00e1na &#8211; to je to z\u00e1meck\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Jak\u00e1 je jeho historie?<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Komo\u0159any pat\u0159ily hejtmanstv\u00ed sm\u00edchovsk\u00e9mu, okresu a po\u0161t\u011b zbraslavsk\u00e9 a farnosti mod\u0159ansk\u00e9, jak zn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy z Rakousko-uhersk\u00e9 monarchie. P\u016fvodn\u011b zde byly 2 vsi, Komo\u0159any a Komo\u0159\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly r. 1088 v zakl\u00e1dac\u00ed listin\u011b vy\u0161e\u00adhradsk\u00e9. Komo\u0159any pat\u0159ily kapitule vy\u0161ehradsk\u00e9 a Komo\u0159\u00e1nky pozd\u011bji zbraslavsk\u00e9mu kl\u00e1\u0161teru do doby husitsk\u00e9.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">C\u00edsa\u0159 Zikmund, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159ijat za \u010desk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le r. 1436 a t\u011b\u0161il se sv\u00e9 hodnosti kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 jen rok, zapsal tyto pozemky, neb podle tehdej\u0161\u00ed terminologie \u201ezbo\u017ei komo\u0159ansk\u00e9&#8221;, panu Mat\u011bji V\u00e9detovi z Mo\u0161t\u011bnic, kter\u00e9ho n\u00e1sledoval Oji\u0159 z O\u010delidic za vl\u00e1dy husitsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Ji\u0159\u00edho Pod\u011bbradsk\u00e9ho v druh\u00e9 pol. 15. st. V dob\u011b, kdy m\u011bl Komo\u0159any m\u00edstosud\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed V\u00e1clav \u0160turm z Hir\u0161feldu (r. 1589), byla zde vystav\u011bna tvrz. V Komo\u0159anech se p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed Radni\u010dt\u00ed ze Zho\u0159e a pozd\u011bji od r. 1612 J\u00e1chym \u0160turm z Hir\u0161feldu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po pob\u011blohorsk\u00fdch konfiskac\u00edch r. 1622 pro \u00fa\u010dast na stavov\u00adsk\u00e9m povst\u00e1n\u00ed r. 1618 proti Ferdinandovi II. byly Komo\u0159any zabr\u00e1ny a dostaly se zbraslavsk\u00e9mu kl\u00e1\u0161teru z po\u010d\u00e1tku za n\u00e1jem a r. 1638 d\u011bdi\u010dn\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V 18. st. na m\u00edst\u011b star\u00e9 tvrze zde byl postaven barokn\u00ed z\u00e1\u00adme\u010dek, kter\u00fd byl pozd\u011bji mnohokr\u00e1te upravov\u00e1n.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po\u010d\u00e1tek vl\u00e1dy Marie Terezie byl poznamen\u00e1n vp\u00e1dem ciz\u00ed soldatesky a jej\u00edm do\u010dasn\u00fdm pobytem na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed. Za hranicemi vystupovali nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bli z\u00edskat \u010d\u00e1sti habs\u00adbursk\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed a dohodli se na pod\u00edlu z ko\u0159isti. Sa\u0161ov\u00e9 a Francouzi se zmocnili r. 1741 Prahy a po roce, tedy r. 1742, bylo v komo\u0159ansk\u00e9m z\u00e1mku sjedn\u00e1no p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed mezi vojskem Marie Terezie, kter\u00e9 podepsal za Rakousko kn\u00ed\u017ee Eszterhazy a jej\u00edmi odp\u016frci, je\u017e podepsali za Francii mar\u0161\u00e1l Belleisle a za Bavory kn\u00ed\u017ee z Bayernu. Tato ud\u00e1lost z \u010dervence 1742 byla zobrazena ve velk\u00e9m s\u00e1le koncem 18. st. (nen\u00ed zachov\u00e1no).<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Cisterci\u00e1ck\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d na Zbraslavi m\u011bl v dr\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1mek od doby b\u011blohorsk\u00e9 a\u017e do doby josef\u00ednsk\u00e9, tj. do konce 18. st., kdy byl \u0159\u00e1d Josefem II. zru\u0161en. Komo\u0159any p\u0159ipadly pak kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 ko\u00admo\u0159e. Roku 1825 je koupil od kr\u00e1l. komory kn. \u00d6ttingen-Wallerstein z Bavor, roku 1866 se stal nov\u00fdm majitelem z\u00e1mku ryt\u00ed\u0159 z Albert\u016f, kter\u00fd koupil panstv\u00ed za 100 000 zl. Koncem min. st. se objevuje v knih\u00e1ch pozemkov\u00fdch prvn\u00ed ne\u0161lechtick\u00fd majitel r. 1889 velkostatk\u00e1\u0159 Richard Proch\u00e1zka, kter\u00fd prodal Komo\u0159any r. 1912 ing. K. Schulzovi. Nov\u00fd majitel investoval po prvn\u00ed sv\u011bt. v\u00e1lce 2 mil. K\u010d do ve\u0161ker\u00fdch \u00faprav. Vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd konkurs r. 1936 znamenal op\u011bt zm\u011bnu majitele. Posledn\u00edm p\u0159edv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm ma\u00adjitelem bl\u00edzk\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny na v\u00fdrobu rour, zal. r. 1913 ing. Schulzem, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159ila \u010d\u00e1st cel\u00e9ho panstv\u00ed, byl Fr. P\u00e1nek. Politick\u00e1 \u0161kola \u00daV KS\u010c, um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e1 v z\u00e1mku po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, byla jen kr\u00e1tkou episodou z\u00e1me\u010dku.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Komo\u0159any vyst\u0159\u00eddalo v posledn\u00edch dvou stolet\u00edch mnoho dr\u017eitel\u016f, av\u0161ak to v\u0161e bylo ji\u017e bez n\u011bjak\u00e9ho v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdznamu. Odb\u00fdvalo se zde hodn\u011b hodokvas\u016f, b\u00fdvalo v z\u00e1mku veselo, kdy se pod\u00e1valo dobr\u00e9 v\u00ednko a bohat\u00e1 krm\u011b. Z\u00e1mek se mnohokr\u00e1te m\u011bnil vnit\u0159n\u00edmi i vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi \u00fapravami. Z\u00e1meck\u00fd nimbus se po\u00admalu ztr\u00e1cel a komo\u0159ansk\u00fd lid nev\u0161\u00edmav\u011b chodil kolem z\u00e1\u00adme\u010dku, kter\u00fd ji\u017e pomalu po\u010d\u00ednal do\u017e\u00edvat. A zde jsme u na\u0161eho historick\u00e9ho mezn\u00edku &#8211; dne 28 z\u00e1\u0159i 1959 &#8211; kdy se historie z\u00e1mku v Komo\u0159anech pro budouc\u00ed generace obohatila. Znamenalo to pro z\u00e1mek nov\u00e9 dr\u017eitele, nov\u00e9 osazenstvo, novou tv\u00e1\u0159 a nov\u00e9 posl\u00e1n\u00ed XX. st., kter\u00e9 jsme v ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 dob\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b oslavili.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Vlastimil B\u011blohl\u00e1vek, MZ 1970\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 23, str. 30<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ee1cf1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4ee1cf1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ca5cdc\" data-id=\"4ca5cdc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87a69c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"87a69c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ad2601 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5ad2601\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edk\u016fm Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Praze<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-087e7e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"087e7e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p class=\"rtejustify\">president \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republiky na n\u00e1vrh ministra lesn\u00edho a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed prop\u016fj\u010duje za mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eZa z\u00e1sluhy o v\u00fdstavbu&#8221; s. JOSEFU Z\u00cdTKOVI, \u0159editeli Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Praze.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ministr lesn\u00edho a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed \u010cSR prop\u016fj\u010duje za pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1sluhy \u010destn\u00fd odznak ministra \u201eBudovatel vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed&#8221; t\u011bmto pracovn\u00edk\u016fm\u00a0\u00a0 Ing. Miroslavu SOMMEROVI, ved. st\u0159ediska Brno, dr. Bed\u0159ichu Bohmovi, CSc, vedouc\u00edmu laborato\u0159e ochrany ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, Josefu Medunovi, prac. v\u00fdzkumu Synoptick\u00e9-laborator. meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, Ing. Josefu Hladn\u00e9mu, vedouc\u00edmu v\u00fdzkumu Hydrologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, dr. Jaroslavu P\u00edchovi, vedouc\u00edmu observato\u0159e Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Josefu Tat\u00fdrkovi, ved. odd. let. slu\u017eeben Synoptick\u00e9 a leteck\u00e9 slu\u017eby a RNDr. Emilii Trefn\u00e9, ved. in\u017een\u00fdr odd. v\u0161eobec. met. a klimat.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jm\u00e9nem v\u0161ech zam\u011bstnanc\u016f \u00fastavu blahop\u0159ejeme vyznamenan\u00fdm a p\u0159ejeme jim hodn\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch pracovn\u00edch a osobn\u00edch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"rteright\"><em>MZ 1969\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 22, str. 43<\/em><\/p><hr \/><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-38ff178 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38ff178\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-09928d1\" data-id=\"09928d1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9005ea0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9005ea0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe3eb13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fe3eb13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 federace v meteorologii<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7117366 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7117366\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00dastavn\u00edm z\u00e1konem ze dne 27. \u0159\u00edjna 1968 byla utvo\u0159ena federace \u010cesk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republiky a Slovensk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republiky jako samostatn\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edch \u00fatvar\u016f v r\u00e1mci \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republiky.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V souvislosti s t\u00edm se tvo\u0159\u00ed v \u010cSSR nov\u00e9 vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00fatvary i nov\u00e9 instituce. Tak\u00e9 v \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologii doch\u00e1z\u00ed k z\u00e1sadn\u00ed reorganizaci. P\u0159ipravuje se nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon o \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 akademii v\u011bd a z\u00e1kony o \u010cesk\u00e9 akademii v\u011bd a Slovensk\u00e9 akademii v\u011bd. Podobn\u011b se p\u0159ipravuje federalizace v \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Slovensk\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 byla d\u0159\u00edve sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, bude samostatnou spole\u010dnost\u00ed, a p\u0159ipravuje se utvo\u0159en\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti jako spole\u010dn\u00e9ho org\u00e1nu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Tak\u00e9 v meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b byl dnem 1. ledna 1969 vytvo\u0159en samostatn\u00fd Hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v Bratislav\u011b podl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed ministerstvu lesn\u00edho a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed Slovensk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republiky; Hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v Praze, podl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed ministerstvu lesn\u00edho a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republiky, omezuje svou p\u016fsobnost jen na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech, Moravy a Slezska. Oba \u00fastavy v\u0161ak nad\u00e1le navz\u00e1jem \u00fazce spolupracuj\u00ed a \u0159editel\u00e9 obou \u00fastav\u016f uzav\u0159eli proto dohodu o spolupr\u00e1ci. V t\u00e9to dohod\u011b je mimo jin\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161ena i ot\u00e1zka dal\u0161\u00edho vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v. Bylo dohodnuto, \u017ee by nebylo v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9, aby oba Hydrometeorologick\u00e9 \u00fastavy vyd\u00e1valy vlastn\u00ed \u010dasopis, a proto z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy odborn\u00fdm \u010dasopisem obou \u00fastav\u016f. \u010casopis Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy bude nad\u00e1le vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n v Praze, av\u0161ak s paritn\u00edm zastoupen\u00edm odborn\u00edk\u016f Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Bratislav\u011b, v redak\u010dn\u00edm kruhu. Toto opat\u0159en\u00ed vstupuje v platnost po\u010d\u00ednaje prvn\u00edm \u010d\u00edslem ro\u010dn\u00edku XXII &#8211; 1969.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>J. Z\u00edtek, \u0159editel HM\u00da v Praze Doc. dr. F. \u0160amaj, CSc., \u0159editel HM\u00da v\u00a0Bratislav\u011b, MZ 1969\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 22, str. 33<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-85bab36 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"85bab36\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ffef6a4\" data-id=\"ffef6a4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c57476f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c57476f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b3828b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b3828b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zbierame meteorologick\u00e9 pamiatky . . .<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b104cf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b104cf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V 17. bode uzneseni IV. celo\u0161t\u00e1tnej meteorologickej konferencie z r. 1957 konanej v Bratislav\u011b je doporu\u010denie, aby Hydro\u00admeteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav sledoval ot\u00e1zku zriadenia Meteorologick\u00e9ho m\u00fazea. V uzneseni sa hovo\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee \u010ds. meteorol\u00f3gia m\u00e1 svoju hist\u00f3riu a trad\u00edciu a preto je \u017eiad\u00face za\u010da\u0165 u\u017e teraz so zbieran\u00edm a uschov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm pamiatok pre bud\u00face m\u00fazeum.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vzhladom na st\u00e1le sa roz\u0161iruj\u00face \u00falohy a povinnosti HM\u00da, podujala sa sledova\u0165 t\u00fato ot\u00e1zku \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 pre organizovan\u00fd zber meteorologick\u00fdch pa\u00admiatok na celom \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cSSR ustanovila osobitn\u00fa komisiu so s\u00eddlom v Bratislav\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Komisia za\u010dala svoju \u010dinnos\u0165 1. VII. 1965 a jej \u00falohou je zozbiera\u0165, s\u00fastredi\u0165 a opatrovat&#8217; p\u00edsomn\u00fd, p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00fd a in\u00fd do\u00adkumenta\u010dn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, jednak o v\u00fdvoji a rozvoji meteorologie u n\u00e1s a jednak o jej udom\u00e1cnen\u00ed v na\u0161ich \u0161irok\u00fdch ludov\u00fdch ma\u00ads\u00e1ch od najstar\u0161\u00edch d\u00f3b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u00fdhl\u00e1dov\u00fd pl\u00e1n \u010dinnosti tejto komisie p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee zo s\u00fastreden\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch zbierok sa \u010dasom naozaj vybu\u00adduje samostatn\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 m\u00fazeum tak pre vedeck\u00fa pot\u0159ebu, ako aj pre v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pou\u010denie.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vdaka porozumeniu riaditelstva pobo\u010dky Hydrometeorolo\u00adgick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Bratislav\u011b m\u00e1 u\u017e komisia zaisten\u00fd priestor pre svoje \u00fa\u010dely, nutn\u00fd aspo\u0148 pre za\u010diatok svojej \u010dinnosti, v budov\u011b PHM\u00da na Kolib\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po predbe\u017enom usporiadan\u00ed novoz\u00edskan\u00fdch expon\u00e1tov pl\u00e1\u00adnuje sa tu trval\u00e1 v\u00fdstavka historick\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch zbierok, ur\u010den\u00e1 hlavn\u011b pre \u0161kolsk\u00e9 exkurzie, ktor\u00e9 na \u00fastav doch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v hojnom po\u010dte a to nielen zo samotnej Bratislavy, ale aj zo \u0161ir\u0161ieho okolia.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Pr\u00e1cu komisie usm\u011br\u0148uje osobitn\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1t\u00fat, schv\u00e1len\u00fd hlavn\u00fdm v\u00fdborom \u010cSMS. Meteorologick\u00e9 pamiatky z\u00edskavaj\u00fa sa z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 ako dary, bezplatn\u00e9. V\u00fdnimky s\u00fa mo\u017en\u00e9 iba v osobitn\u00fdch a zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 od\u00f3vodnen\u00fdch pripadoch.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Komisia sa aj touto cestou obracia na v\u0161etky na\u0161e meteorolo\u00adgick\u00e9 pracovisk\u00e1, ako aj na jednotliv\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov a priaznivcov meteorologie, aby v r\u00e1mci svojich mo\u017enost\u00ed podporovali my\u0161lienku Meteorologick\u00e9ho m\u00fazea a aby sa zapojiji do akcie zberu meteorologick\u00e9ho pamiatkov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u0161etky z\u00e1sielky a kore\u0161pondenciu t\u00fdkaj\u00facu sa meteorologic\u00adk\u00fdch pamiatok adresujte: V. Briedo\u0148, pracovn\u00edk HM\u00da, Bratisla\u00adva-Koliba, Jeseniova 43.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Vojtech Briedo\u0148, MZ 1966\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 19, str. 62<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-965e9d5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"965e9d5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f7583ac\" data-id=\"f7583ac\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f6ce47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8f6ce47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"199\" height=\"230\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/A.-Davies.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9150\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-120d1b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"120d1b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">D. A. Davies v Praze<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3df5e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c3df5e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve dnech 28. \u010dervna a\u017e 3. \u010dervence t. r. nav\u0161t\u00edvil \u010ceskoslovensko gener\u00e1ln\u00ed sekret\u00e1\u0159 Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organisace pan D. A. Davies s chot\u00ed. P\u0159ijeli do Prahy na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed ministra zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, lesn\u00edho a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed s. in\u017e. J. Buriana.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00da\u010delem n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy pana Daviese bylo, aby se sezn\u00e1mil s \u010deskoslovenskou hydrometeorologickou slu\u017ebou, s \u010deskoslovenskou meteorologickou v\u011bdou, s organisac\u00ed pr\u00e1ce a dosa\u017een\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky v meteorologick\u00e9 praxi i v\u011bd\u011b. V souvislosti s t\u00edm nav\u0161t\u00edvil pan Davies pracovi\u0161t\u011b Hydro\u00admeteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Komo\u0159anech u Prahy, kde si prohl\u00e9dl \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed pro p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed, mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed centrum pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu z\u00e1kladn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed (IMTNE), mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed centrum pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu letecko-meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed (MOTNE) a \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed pro radioaktivitu atmosf\u00e9ry. V besed\u011b s pracovn\u00edky Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, j\u00ed\u017e se z\u00fa\u010dastnili i n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci \u00dastavu fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 akademie v\u011bd a Meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Karlovy university, byl pan Davies informov\u00e1n zejm\u00e9na o teoretick\u00fdch studi\u00edch pro numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed, o prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch experiment\u00e1ln\u00edch pokusech a o zku\u0161enostech z denn\u00ed praxe pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed grafick\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed: host velmi kladn\u011b ocenil dosa\u017een\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky a zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vysoce hodnotil \u00fazkou a \u00fa\u010dinnou spolupr\u00e1ci mezi meteorologickou slu\u017ebou a v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi meteorologick\u00fdmi institucemi.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">S \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed meteorologickou ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed se p. Davies sezn\u00e1mil na besed\u011b v \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 akademii v\u011bd v r\u00e1mci \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Na t\u00e9to besed\u011b byl p. Davies informov\u00e1n o historii, o v\u00fdvoji a o v\u00fdhledech meteorologie v \u010ceskoslovensku. Pan Davies pak promluvil o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed meteorologii, o v\u00fdznamu mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce a jej\u00edm historick\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji, o \u00fakolech Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteoro\u00adlogick\u00e9 organisace a o jej\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci s jin\u00fdmi mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi organisacemi.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Uvedl, \u017ee Sv\u011btov\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 organisace se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 nejen koordinov\u00e1n\u00edm meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, ale i koordinac\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu v atmo\u00adsf\u00e9rick\u00fdch v\u011bd\u00e1ch a usm\u011br\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm rozvoje meteorologie ve sv\u011btov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. K tomu \u00fa\u010delu byl v r\u00e1mci SMO ustaven zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed poradn\u00ed sbor, slo\u017een\u00fd z vynikaj\u00edc\u00edch v\u011bdc\u016f sv\u011bta, a v sekretari\u00e1tu SMO byla z\u0159\u00edzena pl\u00e1novac\u00ed skupina, kter\u00e1 rozpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1vrhy poradn\u00edho sboru pro aplikaci v praxi. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad uvedl pan Davies velkorys\u00fd pl\u00e1n Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organisace na tzv. \u201eSv\u011btovou slu\u017ebu po\u010das\u00ed&#8221;, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 syst\u00e9mem sv\u011btov\u00fdch, region\u00e1ln\u00edch a n\u00e1rodn\u00edch center podstatn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it efektivnost a ekonomi\u010dnost meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb sv\u011bta, jako\u017e i kvalitu a objektivnost poskytovan\u00fdch slu\u017eeb: v tomto projektu se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 i s vyu\u017eit\u00edm um\u011bl\u00fdch dru\u017eic Zem\u011b pro posky\u00adtov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed o rozlo\u017een\u00ed obla\u010dnosti, sn\u011bhu a ledu na zem\u011bkouli, o v\u00fdskytu tropick\u00fdch cyklon\u016f, o slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed aj. V z\u00e1v\u011bru besedy byla pak odborn\u00e1 diskuse, po jej\u00edm\u017e zakon\u010den\u00ed pod\u011bkoval pan Davies \u010deskoslovensk\u00fdm meteorolog\u016fm za jejich dobrou pr\u00e1ci.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Za sv\u00e9ho pobytu v Praze byl pan Davies p\u0159ijat ministrem zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, lesn\u00edho a vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed in\u017e. J. Burianem, ministrem za\u00adhrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed V. Davidem a m\u00edstop\u0159edsedou \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 akademie v\u011bd akademikem J. Ko\u017ee\u0161n\u00edkem.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Krom\u011b Prahy nav\u0161t\u00edvil pan Davies s chot\u00ed tak\u00e9 vltavskou p\u0159ehradu Orl\u00edk, meteorologickou stanici na leti\u0161ti v Karlov\u00fdch Varech, z\u00e1\u00adpado\u010desk\u00e9 l\u00e1zn\u011b Karlovy Vary a Mari\u00e1nsk\u00e9 L\u00e1zn\u011b a st\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1mky Konopi\u0161t\u011b a Kyn\u017evart. Na z\u00e1v\u011br sv\u00e9ho pobytu v \u010ceskoslovensku z\u00fa\u010dastnili se na\u0161i host\u00e9 i III. celost\u00e1tn\u00ed spartaki\u00e1dy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva gener\u00e1ln\u00edho sekret\u00e1\u0159e Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organisace v \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republice splnila sv\u016fj \u00fa\u010del, \u017ee poskytla p. Daviesovi re\u00e1lnou p\u0159edstavu nejen o \u00farovni na\u0161\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby a na\u0161\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 v\u011bdy, ale i o \u017eivot\u011b, pr\u00e1ci a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161\u00edch na\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a na\u0161eho lidu.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>MZ 1965\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 18, str. 93<\/em><\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fc5c079 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fc5c079\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b8dd0bd\" data-id=\"b8dd0bd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c5348c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6c5348c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de84bb8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"de84bb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dastav pro meteorologii a klimatologii university Karlovy v Praze zah\u00e1jil pr\u00e1v\u011b cyklus p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek a rozhovor\u016f o meteorologii. <\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8bc964 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c8bc964\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00dastav pro meteorologii a klimatologii university Karlovy v Praze zah\u00e1jil pr\u00e1v\u011b <strong>cyklus p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek a rozhovor\u016f o meteorologii<\/strong>. Prvn\u00ed v t\u00e9to s\u00e9rii byla p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka RNC Ji\u0159\u00edho F\u00f6erchtgotta: O orograficky podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m vln\u011bn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry (dlouh\u00e1 vlna) <strong>dne 14. listopadu 1947.<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed podal v\u00fdklad k \u00fakazu p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch mrak\u016f t. zv. moazagotl\u016f a t. zv. rotor\u016f, t. j. v\u00e1lcov\u00fdch v\u00edr\u016f, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed na z\u00e1v\u011btrn\u00fdch stran\u00e1ch horsk\u00fdch masiv\u016f. (obrazov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edloha tohoho \u010d\u00edsla Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v zachycuje takovou situaci na Tatr\u00e1ch.) V\u011bdecky zkoumal tyto \u00fakazy jmenovit\u011b Joachym K\u00fcttner na Krkono\u0161\u00edch a popsal je v \u010dl\u00e1nku Die Role der Tropopause bei der Zyklogenese (Beitr\u00e4ge zur Physik der fr. Atmosph\u00e4re, 26; 1940), kde podal t\u00e9\u017e teoretick\u00fd v\u00fdklad, jeho\u017e i p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b pou\u017eil. K\u00fcttner p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 existenci p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed a v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 invere, aby vzniklo vin\u011bn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry. Tepl\u00fd vzduch klou\u017ee po inversn\u00ed plo\u0161e, stoup\u00e1 p\u0159ed h\u0159ebenem hor a kles\u00e1 za nimi. Dynamick\u00fdm podtlakem nast\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ed poho\u0159\u00edm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed hladiny p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edho chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho vzduchu a opa\u010dn\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dinkem tlakov\u00fdm nast\u00e1v\u00e1 na z\u00e1v\u011btrn\u00e9 stran\u011b sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hladiny p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edho vzduchu. Kinetick\u00e1 energie pohybuj\u00edc\u00edho se vzduchu (rychlost proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu na Sn\u011b\u017ece b\u00fdv\u00e1 a\u017e 25 m za vte\u0159inu) se zv\u011bt\u0161uje na z\u00e1v\u011btrn\u00e9 stran\u011b je\u0161t\u011b o potencion\u00e1ln\u00ed energii padaj\u00edc\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 hmoty, tak\u017ee na inversn\u00ed plo\u0161e, na n\u00ed\u017e vzdu\u0161n\u00e1 hmota dopad\u00e1, vznikaj\u00ed stojat\u00e9 gravita\u010dn\u00ed vlny. Rozli\u010dn\u00e1 rychlost v\u011btru v tepl\u00e9m v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9m proudu a chladn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edm vzduchu deformuje tvary vln, p\u0159ekl\u00e1p\u00ed sousedn\u00ed vrcholy a tvo\u0159\u00ed rotory v hladin\u011b p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed inversn\u00ed plochy. Prom\u00edch\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm chladn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edho vzduchu s tepl\u00fdm v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdm vzduchem se zvy\u0161uje teplota pod inversn\u00ed vrstvou a sni\u017euje se teplota v horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti v\u00edrov\u00e9 vrstvy, tak\u017ee v rotorech vznik\u00e1 adiabatick\u00fd gradient. K udr\u017een\u00ed rotace v\u00e1lcov\u00e9ho v\u00edru sta\u010d\u00ed p\u0159i adiabatick\u00e9m gradientu jen mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie, kter\u00e9 dod\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fd proud. Je-li vzduch dostate\u010dn\u011b vlhk\u00fd, projevuj\u00ed se v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 v\u00edry \u017eivou a velmi pohyblivou obla\u010dnost\u00ed. \u0158ady rotor\u016f v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edm z\u00e1v\u011btrn\u00e9m prostoru hor jsou tedy st\u00e1l\u00fdm pr\u016fvodn\u00edm zjevem f\u00f6hnov\u00e9 situace a vlniv\u00e9ho proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Analogicky podle z\u00e1kon\u016f hydrodynamick\u00fdch vysv\u011btluje K\u00fcttner vznik vln\u011bn\u00ed na inversi v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9: p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me-li, \u017ee v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm stadiu m\u011bly v\u0161echny \u010d\u00e1stice vzduchu mezi ob\u011bma inversemi stejnou rychlost pohybu, pak vznik vlny na spodn\u00ed inversi zp\u016fsobuje zrychlen\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stic nad vrcholem vlny a t\u00edm dynamick\u00fd podtlak, kter\u00fd z\u00e1rove\u0148 sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed hladinu v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 inverse. Obdobn\u011b pak v m\u00edst\u011b sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hladiny p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed inverse nast\u00e1v\u00e1 zvednut\u00ed inverse v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9. Stojat\u00e9 vlny na v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 inversi jsou tedy v\u016f\u010di vln\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edm horizont\u00e1ln\u011b o p\u016fl vlny posunuty. Dosahuj\u00ed-li vrcholy vln v tepl\u00e9m vzdu\u0161n\u00e9m proud\u011bn\u00ed kondensa\u010dn\u00ed hladiny, d\u00e1vaj\u00ed vznik prot\u00e1hl\u00fdm \u010do\u010dkovit\u00fdm mrak\u016fm (AItocumulus lenticularis).<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>F\u00f6hnov\u00e9 mraky za Krkono\u0161emi tvo\u0159\u00ed n\u011bkdy i n\u011bkolik poschod\u00ed a horizont\u00e1ln\u011b se \u010dleni a\u017e v \u0161est rovnob\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u0159ad p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b stejn\u011b vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed rozsah orograficky podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho vln\u011bn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry sah\u00e1 a\u017e do stratosf\u00e9ry. Dokazuje to jednak plachtov\u00fd let p\u0159ed alpsk\u00fdm f\u00f6hnov\u00fdm mrakem do v\u00fd\u0161ky 11.400 m, jednak souvislost zjevu t. zv. \u201eperle\u0165ov\u00fdch oblak\u016f\u201c&#8217; (20\u201330 km v\u00fd\u0161ky), jak ji uv\u00e1d\u00ed prof. Mohn a prof. St\u00f6rmer. Podle St\u00f6rmera i \u201esv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed oblaka\u201c&#8217;, kter\u00e1 se vyskytuj\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161ce a\u017e 80 km, jev\u00ed charakteristick\u00e9 znaky f\u00f6hnov\u00fdch mrak\u016f.<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Po p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ce p. J. F\u00f6rchtgotta sledovan\u00e9 se z\u00e1jmem jak na\u0161imi meteorology, tak i z\u00e1jemci z kruh\u016f plachta\u0159sk\u00fdch, se rozp\u0159edla \u017eiv\u00e1 rozprava, kter\u00e1 zd\u016fraznila nutnost vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce a v\u00fdm\u011bny zku\u0161enost\u00ed. Se strany odborn\u00edk\u016f (pp. D\u0159evikovsk\u00fd, dr J\u00edlek, dr Pape\u017e, dr Veseck\u00fd a dr Vesel\u00fd) bylo konstatov\u00e1no, \u017ee K\u00fcttnerovy p\u0159edpoklady neb\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u017edy spln\u011bny a \u017ee spolupr\u00e1ce meteorolog\u016f s plachta\u0159i mohla by tu je\u0161t\u011b mnoh\u00e9 objasnit, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b uv\u00e9st na pravou m\u00edru.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Cyklus p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek a rozhovor\u016f o meteorologii pokra\u010doval dne 27. XI. 1947 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kou doc. dr Aloise Z\u00e1topka: Mikroseismy a pohyb tlakov\u00fdch extr\u00e9m\u016f a dne 11. XII. 1947 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kou RNC Jaroslava P\u00edchy: Slune\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost a jej\u00ed vliv na po\u010das\u00ed. O p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161k\u00e1ch pod\u00e1me op\u011bt zpr\u00e1vu na tomto m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V lednu a v \u00fanoru 1948 cyklus pokra\u010duje t\u011bmito p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kami: 1. I. 1948 RNC Jan Br\u00e1dka: Hodnocen\u00ed kvality kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch prognos. 29. I. 1948 prof. Ji\u0159\u00ed Antropius: Hodnocen\u00ed a vy\u010d\u00edslov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch barogram\u016f pro plachta\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. 12. II. 1948 RNDr Pavel Uhl\u00ed\u0159: Rosa jako meteorologick\u00fd faktor.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Za\u010d\u00e1tek p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek v\u017edy v 17 hod. P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky se konaj\u00ed v posluch\u00e1rn\u011b meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Karlovy university v Praze II, U Karlova 3\/II. posch.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zpr\u00e1vy, MZ 1947\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 1, str. 127<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1b01fb6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1b01fb6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c79dde4\" data-id=\"c79dde4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87924f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"87924f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a85e8b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a85e8b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010ceskoslovensk\u00fd meteorologick\u00fd rekord st\u0159edoevropsk\u00fd dosud nep\u0159ekonan\u00fd<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94cd9b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"94cd9b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">M\u00f3da dr\u017eitel\u016f rekord\u016f n\u00e1s sv\u00e1d\u00ed k\u00a0tomu, abychom se i v\u00a0meteorologii pochlubili prvenstv\u00edm. Jsou to nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky za 24 hodin; rekord nep\u0159edsti\u017eiteln\u00fd je velice star\u00e9ho data. <strong>Je to d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 v\u00a0Nov\u00e9 Louce v\u00a0Jizersk\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch dne 29. VII. 1897, kter\u00fd vydal 345 mm za den.<\/strong> A\u010dkoliv jest ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b na tis\u00edce stanic, kter\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky u\u017e po desetilet\u00ed, odnikud nebylo je\u0161t\u011b hl\u00e1\u0161eno, pokud je n\u00e1m zn\u00e1mo, \u010d\u00edslo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Je zaj\u00edmavo, \u017ee Nov\u00e1 louka m\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00ed \u00fahrn sr\u00e1\u017eek okolo 1200 mm, kde\u017eto ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b jsou m\u00edsta (v Alp\u00e1ch), kde spadne ro\u010dn\u011b a\u017e 3000 m de\u0161t\u011b. A p\u0159ece je nositelem 24hodinov\u00e9ho rekordu Nov\u00e1 Louka. D\u00e9\u0161\u0165, kter\u00fd se stal takto pam\u00e1tn\u00fdm, se vyskytl v\u00a0souvislosti se zn\u00e1mou povod\u0148ovou situac\u00ed poruch na trati <em>Vb<\/em>, kter\u00e9 jdou ze St\u0159edozemn\u00edho mo\u0159e na severov\u00fdchod p\u0159es Alpy a jsou u n\u00e1s zn\u00e1my jako nositel\u00e9 nejvydatn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejdel\u0161\u00edch de\u0161\u0165\u016f, t. zv. krajinn\u00fdch. O t\u011bchto situac\u00edch bude je\u0161t\u011b \u0159e\u010d ve vhodn\u00e9 chv\u00edli v\u00a0t\u011bchto zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Evropsk\u00fd rekord z\u00a0nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed doby spolehliv\u011b ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fd \u010din\u00ed podle <em>Hanna<\/em> 465 mm v\u00a0Ripostu na Sic\u00edlii zaznamenan\u00fd dne 17. XI. 1908.<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Sv\u011btov\u00fd rekord sr\u00e1\u017eek za 24 hodin ov\u0161em nebudeme moci nikdy p\u0159ekonat, nebo\u0165 \u010din\u00ed 1168 mm za den v\u00a0Baguio na Filip\u00edn\u00e1ch dne 14. 7. 1911. <\/strong>Takov\u00e9 hodnoty dos\u00e1hne opravdu jen d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 tropick\u00fd. V\u017edy\u0165 je to \u010d\u00edslo rovnaj\u00edc\u00ed se celoro\u010dn\u00ed d\u00e1vce sr\u00e1\u017eek nap\u0159. pr\u00e1v\u011b ve zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 vlhk\u00e9 horsk\u00e9 Nov\u00e9 Louce. Ani si nep\u0159ejeme, aby se kdy u n\u00e1s takov\u00fd rekord vyskytl, nebo\u0165 by to byla nep\u0159edstaviteln\u00e1 katastrofa. V\u017edy\u0165 i n\u00e1\u0161 rekord v\u00a0Nov\u00e9 Louce m\u011bl tehda vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kody.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Meteorologick\u00e9 drobnosti, MZ 1947\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 1, str. 47<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a9a9b5a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a9a9b5a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f9ecd12\" data-id=\"f9ecd12\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c656c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7c656c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1607b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f1607b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010ceskoslovensko ve Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizaci<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b70290 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b70290\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Po skon\u010den\u00ed 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky lidstvo vyvinulo enormn\u00ed snahu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci a zabr\u00e1nit mo\u017enosti vzniku dal\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Ve snaze realizovat tato \u00fasil\u00ed vznikla Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f. Jej\u00edmi v\u00fdkonn\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny se stala \u0159ada specializovan\u00fdch organizac\u00ed, mezi nimi i Sv\u011btov\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 organizace (SMO), anglicky World Meteorological Organization (WMO). <strong>\u010ceskoslovensko podepsalo konvenci WMO v\u00a0roce 1947 v\u00a0po\u0159ad\u00ed jako 17. st\u00e1t na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/strong> Tato organizace postupn\u011b sdru\u017eila t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny st\u00e1ty sv\u011bta. V\u00a0roce 1996 bylo jej\u00edmi \u010dleny 179 st\u00e1t\u016f a 6 svobodn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed (teritori\u00ed). Vytvo\u0159ila \u0161irok\u00fd funguj\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9m mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce meteorologick\u00fdch a hydrologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dinnost od unifikace pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, automatizace m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, p\u0159enosu a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f o po\u010das\u00ed, v\u00fdchovu odborn\u00edk\u016f a\u017e po organizov\u00e1n\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edch experiment\u016f a um\u011bl\u00e9 ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed. Jej\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 programy zna\u010dn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily meteorologick\u00e9 poznatky a podstatn\u011b vzrostlo uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb v\u00a0mnoha odv\u011btv\u00edch n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka \u2013 Ferdinand \u0160amaj, D\u011bjiny meteorologie v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na Slovensku, 2001, str. 279<\/em><\/p><p>Podpis Deklarace Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace prof. A. Gregorem 21. b\u0159ezna 1950<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Miroslav \u0160koda, V\u011bstn\u00edk \u010cMeS 1996\/1, duben 1996 <\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0ab3f4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c0ab3f4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb3de6\" data-id=\"6bb3de6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-114085c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"114085c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d494139 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d494139\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nov\u00fd organiza\u010dn\u00ed a jednac\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d St\u00e1tn\u00edho meteoro\u00adlogick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Praze<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a492098 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a492098\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Dne 27. kv\u011btna 1947 ve sv\u00e9 87. sch\u016fzi se vl\u00e1da \u010cesko\u00adslovensk\u00e9 republiky usnesla v\u010dleniti St\u00e1tn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v Praze do ministerstva dopravy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Je\u0161t\u011b v \u010dervnu jsme za\u010dali jednati s ministerstvem (hlavn\u011b s presidiem) o pr\u00e1vn\u00edm postaveni \u00fastavu k mi\u00adnisterstvu dopravy. Nem\u011bli jsme pro to \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 vzory, n\u00fdbr\u017e pouze \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b ust\u00e1len\u00fd, av\u0161ak nejasn\u00fd pom\u011br k minister\u00adstvu techniky, kde \u00fastav byl za\u0159azen p\u0159edt\u00edm. Neoby\u010dej\u00adnou ochotou a z\u00e1jmem ministerstva dopravy o n\u00e1\u0161 \u00fastav jsme doc\u00edlili, \u017ee dne 22. prosince 1947 byly vyd\u00e1ny pod \u010d\u00eds. Pres 12.500\/47:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u201eZat\u00edmn\u00ed organiza\u010dn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d st\u00e1tn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu&#8221;,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u201eZat\u00edmn\u00ed jednac\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d st\u00e1tn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu&#8221;,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u201eP\u0159edpis, upravuj\u00edc\u00ed vztah st\u00e1tn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu k ministerstvu dopravy&#8221;.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V\u0161echny tyto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dokumenty byly uve\u0159ejn\u011bny v \u201e\u00da\u0159edn\u00edm v\u011bstn\u00edku ministerstva dopravy&#8221; \u010d\u00eds. 49 ze dne 31. prosince 1947.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">V organiza\u010dn\u00edm \u0159\u00e1du, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 9 paragraf\u016f, jsou po\u00addrobn\u011b vyty\u010deny \u00fakoly \u00fastavu, r\u00e1mcov\u011b jest probr\u00e1n roz\u00adsah slu\u017eeb \u00fastavu pro st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady, soudy, ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed korporace, soukromn\u00edky apod., je ur\u010den pom\u011br k vyso\u00adk\u00fdm \u0161kol\u00e1m a vz\u00e1jemn\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce, d\u00e1le se z\u0159izuje porad\u00adn\u00ed sbor k podpo\u0159e \u010dinnosti \u00fastavu. Z odd\u00edlu o hospoda\u0159en\u00ed, spr\u00e1v\u011b \u00fastavu a o zam\u011bstnanc\u00edch jest patrno, \u017ee \u00fastav m\u00e1 rozs\u00e1hlou autonomii ve finan\u010dn\u00edch i spr\u00e1vn\u00edch v\u011bcech. V odborn\u00fdch z\u00e1le\u017eitostech jest \u00fastav t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u011b samo\u00adstatn\u00fd. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ustanoven\u00ed jest uvedeno v \u00a7 3: \u201e\u00dastav jest st\u00e1tn\u00edm \u00fastavem, p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bn\u00fdm k ministerstvu dopravy ja\u00adko jeho samostatn\u00e1 slo\u017eka&#8221;. Tento odstavec se prakticky projevuje tak, \u017ee \u00fastav jest p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bn k presidiu minister\u00adstva dopravy.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Jednac\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 v 18 paragrafech o \u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed \u00fasta\u00advu, o funkci \u0159editele \u00fastavu a jeho z\u00e1stupc\u016f, p\u0159ednost\u016f od\u00add\u011bleni a jich z\u00e1stupc\u016f, o refer\u00e1tech, zpracovatel\u00edch, pra\u00adcovn\u00edm postupu v \u00fastavu, o porad\u00e1ch, o styku \u00fastavu na\u00advenek, o slu\u017eebn\u00edch cest\u00e1ch, publika\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti atd.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00dastav je \u010dlen\u011bn takto:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">1. \u0159editelstv\u00ed,.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">2. odborn\u00e1 odd\u011blen\u00ed:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I. odd. \u2014 klimatologie,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II. odd. \u2014 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 meteorologie a fenologie,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 III. odd. \u2014 bioklimatologie a l\u00e1ze\u0148sk\u00e1 meteorologie,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IV. odd. \u2014 synoptick\u00e1 a leteck\u00e1 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V. odd. \u2014 p\u0159\u00edstroje, zku\u0161ebny a \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed observa\u00adto\u0159,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 VI. odd. \u2014 knihovn\u00ed, publika\u010dn\u00ed a dokumenta\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eba,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">3. refer\u00e1ty:<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 a) person\u00e1ln\u00ed,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 b) rozpo\u010dtov\u00fd a \u00fa\u010dt\u00e1rna,<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 c) hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 spr\u00e1va.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Kone\u010dn\u011b byl vyd\u00e1n p\u0159edpis, upravuj\u00edc\u00ed vztah st\u00e1tn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu k ministerstvu dopravy. Tento p\u0159edpis, jest \u201eprov\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edm na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm&#8221; k zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm dv\u011bma \u0159\u00e1d\u016fm. Ministerstvo dopravy si vyhrazuje n\u011bkter\u00e9 spr\u00e1v\u00adn\u00ed a administrativn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti pro sebe, vymezuje a speci\u00adfikuje v podrobnostech nap\u0159. zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby na f\u00f3ru mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u00fastavu povinnost organisovati leteckou pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017ebu podle pokyn\u016f a pot\u0159eb leteck\u00e9ho odboru ministerstva atd.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Vyd\u00e1n\u00edm organiza\u010dn\u00edho a jednac\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du a slu\u017eebn\u00edho p\u0159edpisu vykonalo ministerstvo z\u00e1slu\u017enou a velkou pr\u00e1ci.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">M\u016f\u017eeme u\u017e nyn\u00ed \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee jest teprve za\u010d\u00e1tkem, nebo\u0165 ve\u0161\u00adker\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba v \u010cSR dostane v nedlouh\u00e9 budoucnosti pevnou, jednotnou a celost\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1konnou z\u00e1\u00adkladnu. T\u00edm bude spln\u011bna d\u00e1vn\u00e1 tu\u017eba meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, a proto jsme vd\u011b\u010dni ministerstvu dopravy, \u017ee vy\u00add\u00e1n\u00edm jmenovan\u00fdch \u0159\u00e1d\u016f byl k tomuto c\u00edli u\u010din\u011bn sice prv\u00fd, ale rozhodn\u00fd krok.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>H\u0161., MZ 1948\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 2, str. 24<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-305bec6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"305bec6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f0cc3a6\" data-id=\"f0cc3a6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-094416c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"094416c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdca86e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cdca86e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v vy\u0161lo v Praze 30. dubna 1947<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c178527 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c178527\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0\u00favodn\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku prvn\u00edho \u010d\u00edsla Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v, kter\u00fd napsal p\u0159ednosta St\u00e1tn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v\u00a0Praze Dr. Alois Gregor, bylo uvedeno, \u017ee nov\u00fd \u010dasopis bude navazovat sv\u00fdm obsahem na pravideln\u00e9 tzv. m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ehledy, kter\u00e9 vyd\u00e1val St\u00e1tn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav za prvn\u00ed republiky, a kter\u00e9 byly velmi \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e9.<\/p><p><em>V\u00edce naleznete na samostatn\u00e9 str\u00e1nce v\u011bnovan\u00e9 prvn\u00edmu \u010d\u00edslo Meteorologick\u00fdch Zpr\u00e1v.<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea6da1d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea6da1d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98e07a1\" data-id=\"98e07a1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10452da elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"10452da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8716025 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8716025\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pokroky \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 leteck\u00e9 meteorologie p\u0159ed 80 roky<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9047975 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9047975\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">Nejprve si p\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 leteck\u00e1 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba p\u0159i St\u00e1tn\u00edm \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9m v Praze byla z\u0159\u00edzena v roce 1921 a \u017ee v roce n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm byla zalo\u017eena zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozorovac\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 pro leteckou dopravu. K meteorologick\u00e9mu zabezpe\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed tehdy mal\u00e9ho po\u010dtu let\u016f se za\u010dala vyu\u017e\u00edvat pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch klimatologick\u00fdch stanic St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho, vojensk\u00fdch stanic a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm leteck\u00fdch pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch hl\u00eddek, kter\u00e9 se souhlasem ministerstva po\u0161t a telegraf\u016f z roku 1922 byly organizov\u00e1ny p\u0159i po\u0161tovn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159adech, Ie\u017e\u00edc\u00edch pod\u00e9l a po obou stran\u00e1ch letov\u00fdch trat\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Leteck\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed hl\u00eddky prov\u00e1d\u011bly pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed bez p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f. Zpr\u00e1vy o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u010das\u00ed, naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 v t\u00e9 dob\u011b depe\u0161e, pos\u00edlaly do sb\u011brn\u00e9ho centra (v\u011bt\u0161inou do Prahy) p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm startem letadlo, pokud m\u011blo let\u011bt po trati, pro n\u00ed\u017e byla hl\u00eddka z\u0159\u00edzena. P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v do \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed se d\u011blo z\u00e1sadn\u011b telegraficky. Na Slovensku se pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed shroma\u017e\u010fovala p\u0159\u00edmo v Bratislav\u011b a Ko\u0161ic\u00edch, na Morav\u011b mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159ovala p\u0159\u00edmo na leti\u0161t\u011b v Brn\u011b [2].<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Prudk\u00fd rozvoj civiln\u00ed leteck\u00e9 dopravy, kter\u00fd v\u00a0Evrop\u011b nastal v polovin\u011b 20. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, urychloval tak\u00e9 u n\u00e1s v\u00fdvoj leteck\u00e9 meteorologie, kter\u00e1 se stala nejdynami\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm oborem meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu. Podle \u00farovn\u011b organizace leteck\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby pat\u0159ilo \u010ceskoslovensko k nejvysp\u011blej\u0161\u00edm evropsk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm. Pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159ed 80 lety, v roce 1926, tedy po p\u011bti letech od jej\u00edho zalo\u017een\u00ed, nastaly v jej\u00ed praktick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti pozoruhodn\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">1. od \u010dervence 1926 byly zavedeny tzv. objedn\u00e1vac\u00ed telegramy, jimi\u017e se pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed hl\u00eddky \u017e\u00e1daly o zasl\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o po\u010das\u00ed v jin\u00e9m \u010dase, ne\u017e vypl\u00fdvalo z letov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du. V \u0161ifrovan\u00e9m stavu se pozorovatel\u016fm sd\u011blovalo datum a \u010das po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, obsah zpr\u00e1vy a adresa, na kterou m\u00e1 b\u00fdt jejich zpr\u00e1va odesl\u00e1na. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem bylo mo\u017eno zabezpe\u010dovat mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 lety, pro kter\u00e9 by jin\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy ji\u017e nemusely b\u00fdt aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">2. od \u010dervna 1926 byly zavedeny tzv. n\u00e1rodn\u00ed depe\u0161e leteck\u00e9, pravideln\u00e9 hodinov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, vys\u00edlan\u00e9 v denn\u00ed dob\u011b v\u0161em dom\u00e1c\u00edm i zahrani\u010dn\u00edm pos\u00e1dk\u00e1m. Obsahovaly jednak \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 depe\u0161e podle letov\u00fdm \u0159\u00e1d\u016f, jednak mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 leteck\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch, \u010dili ve\u0161ker\u00fd informa\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd byl k dispozici, nikoliv jen zpr\u00e1vy z r\u016fzn\u00fdch term\u00edn\u016f a zas\u00edlan\u00e9 na ur\u010ditou adresu. Toto opat\u0159en\u00ed si vynutila zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se hustota letov\u00e9ho provozu.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">3. V roce 1926 vydal St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd v\u00a0Praze prvn\u00ed n\u00e1vod k pov\u011btrnostn\u00edmu hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed pro leteck\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely [1] ur\u010den\u00fd leteck\u00fdm pov\u011btrnostn\u00edm stanic\u00edm. Rozum\u011bly se jimi jak leteck\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed hl\u00eddky p\u0159i po\u0161t\u00e1ch, tak meteorologick\u00e9 stanice \u00fastavu, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bly i jin\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u00e1vod obsahoval p\u0159edpisy pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a kl\u00ed\u010de \u0161ifer pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch i mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch leteck\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch, op\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edch se jen o pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed bez p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f. Tvar hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed byl normalizov\u00e1n Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komis\u00ed pro letectv\u00ed (CINA), subkomis\u00ed pro meteorologii. P\u0159edt\u00edm \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 stanice pou\u017e\u00edvaly jednoduch\u00e9ho sch\u00e9matu pro meteorologick\u00e1 hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ji\u017e od roku 1922, kter\u00e9 bylo inovov\u00e1no v roce 1924. Jeho dodatkem bylo pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed obla\u010dnosti v horsk\u00fdch oblastech, kter\u00e9 navrhl G. Swoboda a kter\u00e9 postupn\u011b p\u0159ijaly i zahrani\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eby a stalo se i sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><em>Literatura<\/em><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[1] N\u00e1vod k pov\u011btrnostn\u00edmu hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed pro leteckou dopravu, 1926. Praha: St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd, P\u0159\u00edru\u010dka VIII. N\u00e1kl. ministerstva ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prac\u00ed. 39 s., p\u0159\u00edl.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[2] SWOBODA, G., 1928. Slu\u017eba pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed leteck\u00e9ho provozu. In: st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd v prv\u00e9m desetilet\u00ed republiky 1918\u20131928. Praha: St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd publ. \u0159ady C, svazek I. s. 48\u201365.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">[3] Pades\u00e1t let \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby (red. B. Sob\u00ed\u0161ek), 1969. Praha: Hydrometeoro1ogick\u00fd \u00fastav. 64 s.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka, MZ 2006\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 59, str. 171<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-032c799 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"032c799\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bee4521\" data-id=\"bee4521\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71d6bde elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"71d6bde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"170\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/prehled-srazek-300x170.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9158\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/prehled-srazek-300x170.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/prehled-srazek-768x436.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/prehled-srazek.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0b6feb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c0b6feb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nejstar\u0161\u00ed zobrazen\u00ed plo\u0161n\u00e9ho rozlo\u017een\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek na Morav\u011b a ve Slezsku<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dab9bc1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dab9bc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\">V d\u011bjin\u00e1ch moravsk\u00e9 meteorologie zauj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 m\u00edsto zased\u00e1n\u00ed Moravsko-slezsk\u00e9ho lesnick\u00e9ho spolku, sekce Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 se konalo ve Fr\u00fddlantu nad Ostravic\u00ed v roce 1880. Na n\u011bm Johann Jackl, vrchn\u00ed Iesmistr z Krom\u011b\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, inicioval podle vzoru z \u010cech roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b sr\u00e1\u017eek, tak\u00e9 na Morav\u011b a ve Slezsku. Pro zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed stanic z\u00edskal podporu olomouck\u00e9ho biskupstv\u00ed i \u0161lechty a jeho snahy uv\u00edtala tak\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed administrativa, je\u017e se p\u0159ipravovala na regulaci \u0159ek. Proto byla v P\u0159\u00edrodozpytn\u00e9m spolku s\u00eddl\u00edc\u00edm v Brn\u011b vytvo\u0159ena meteorologick\u00e1 komise, s n\u00ed\u017e spolupracoval krom\u011b jin\u00fdch Moravsk\u00fd zemsk\u00fd stavebn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad. Komise si vytkla za \u00fakol organizovat pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a zve\u0159ej\u0148ovat jeho v\u00fdsledky. Obsa\u017en\u00e9 ro\u010denky pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed za roky 1881 a\u017e 1911, kter\u00e9 vydala s finan\u010dn\u00ed podporou zemsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdboru Markrabstv\u00ed moravsk\u00e9ho v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m, pozd\u011bji \u010desk\u00e9m jazyce pod redakc\u00ed profesor\u016f brn\u011bnsk\u00e9 techniky Gustava von Niessla z Mayerdorfu a Artura Szarvassiho, jsou pozoruhodn\u00fdm d\u00edlem velk\u00e9 faktografick\u00e9 ceny a \u0161irok\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Tabulkovou \u010d\u00e1st ro\u010denek od jejich prvn\u00edho \u010d\u00edsla dopl\u0148ovaly mapov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edlohy, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se hlavn\u011b geografick\u00e9ho rozlo\u017een\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed ro\u010denkov\u00e9 mapy sestaven\u00e9 v\u017edy pro dv\u011b ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed zobrazovaly mno\u017estv\u00ed spadl\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek pomoc\u00ed obd\u00e9ln\u00edk\u016f s r\u016fzn\u00fdm \u0161rafov\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 byly um\u00edst\u011bny v bl\u00edzkosti p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 stanice. Na obr. 1 obd\u00e9ln\u00edky orientovan\u00e9 vodorovn\u011b vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 \u00fahrny l\u00e9ta 1881, obd\u00e9ln\u00edky orientovan\u00e9 svisle podzimn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky t\u00e9ho\u017e roku. \u0160ipky ud\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed sm\u011br v\u011btru, u n\u011bkter\u00fdch stanic je uvedena i pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 sezonn\u00ed teplota vzduchu. Popsan\u00e9 zn\u00e1zorn\u011bni sr\u00e1\u017eek, kter\u00e9 bylo vynuceno neznalost\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti sr\u00e1\u017eek na nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce, bylo nep\u0159ehledn\u00e9 a nepraktick\u00e9. Z toho d\u016fvodu na p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed vodohospod\u00e1\u0159\u016f za\u010dali tv\u016frci ro\u010denek po\u010d\u00ednaje svazkem za rok 1890 zobrazovat sr\u00e1\u017eky pomoc\u00ed izohyet a plochy mezi nimi vyzna\u010dovat rozli\u010dnou \u0161rafurou (obr. 2), k reli\u00e9fu krajiny v\u0161ak nemohlo b\u00fdt je\u0161t\u011b dosti p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eeno. Mapy za\u010daly b\u00fdt sestavov\u00e1ny odd\u011blen\u011b pro \u010dty\u0159i ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed a rok.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ro\u010denek P\u0159\u00edrodozpytn\u00e9ho spolku z let 1883\u20131902 vyu\u017eil ke zhodnocen\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f Moravy a Slezska Hermann Schindler, kter\u00fd v roce 1904 vyhotovil prvn\u00ed klimatologickou mapu sr\u00e1\u017eek uveden\u00fdch zem\u00ed [5]. Z\u00e1vislost sr\u00e1\u017eek na nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce podrobn\u011bji studoval a\u017e F. \u0158\u00edkovsk\u00fd [3, 4].<\/p><p><em>Obr. 1 Uk\u00e1zka mapy sr\u00e1\u017eek (l\u00e9to a podzim 1881) u prvn\u00ed ro\u010denky P\u0159\u00edrodozpytn\u00e9ho spolku v Brn\u011b (vlevo)<\/em><\/p><p><em>Obr. 2 Uk\u00e1zka mapy izohyet (l\u00e9to 1890) z ro\u010denky P\u0159irodozpytn\u00e9ho spolku v Brn\u011b (vpravo)<\/em><\/p><p><em>Literatura<\/em><\/p><p>[1] Bericht der meteorologischen Commission des naturforschenden Vereines in Briinn tiber die Ergebnisse der meteorologischen Beobachtungen im Jahre 1881, 1882. Br\u00fcnn: Verlag des Vereines. 132 s. + p\u0159\u00edl.<\/p><p>[2] X. Bericht der meteorologischen Commission des naturforschenden Vereines in Br\u00fcnn. Ergebnisse der meteorologischen Beobachtungen im Jahre 1890, 1892. Br\u00fcnn: Verlag des Vereines. 176 s. + p\u0159\u00edl.<\/p><p>[3] \u0158\u00cdkovsk\u00fd F., 1925. Vliv tv\u00e1\u0159nosti p\u016fdy na sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 pom\u011bry na Morav\u011b a v na\u0161em Slezsku. Sborn\u00edk \u010ds. spole\u010dnosti zem\u011bpisn\u00e9, sv. 31, s. 163.<\/p><p>[4] \u0158\u00cdkovsk\u00fd F., 1926. Vztah mezi atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdmi sr\u00e1\u017ekami a nadmo\u0159skou v\u00fd\u0161kou na Morav\u011b a ve Slezsku. Spisy vyd\u00e1van\u00e9 P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeckou fakultou Masarykovy university, \u010d. 78. 15 s.<\/p><p>[5] Schindler, H.: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Niederschlags verh\u00e4ltnisse M\u00e4hrens und Schlesiens, 1904. Br\u00fcnn: Verlag des naturforschenden Vereines. 13 s. + p\u0159\u00edl.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka \u2013 V\u00e1clav Vlas\u00e1k, MZ 2007\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 60, str. 127\u2013128<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b99b68 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0b99b68\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c8b86e2\" data-id=\"c8b86e2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0570b32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0570b32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d1aa68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d1aa68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed historick\u00e1 pr\u016ftr\u017e mra\u010den 25. \u2013 26. kv\u011btna 1872 v \u010cesk\u00fdch zem\u00edch s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdmi povodn\u011bmi v povod\u00ed Berounky a vznikem Mladotick\u00e9ho hrazen\u00e9ho jezera <\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d727895 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d727895\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>(doc. RNDr. Bohum\u00edr J\u00e1nsk\u00fd, Miloslav M\u00fcller, RNDr. Vilibald Kakos), sylabus p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky konan\u00e9 v\u00a0Praze 28. 5. 2002)<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Bou\u0159kov\u00e9 pr\u016ftr\u017ee mra\u010den v\u00a0posledn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch 25. 5. 1872, trvaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edsty s\u00a0bezde\u0161tn\u00fdmi p\u0159est\u00e1vkami a\u017e p\u0159es p\u016flnoc n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho dne, postihly neobvykle rozs\u00e1hlou oblast asi 500 km<sup>2<\/sup> z\u00e1padn\u011b od Prahy vymezenou p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b m\u011bsty Plzn\u00ed, P\u0159\u00edbram\u00ed, Berounem, Louny a Karlov\u00fdmi Vary. Podle historick\u00fdch pramen\u016f zp\u016fsobily nejni\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1hlou p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed pohromu na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR za posledn\u00edch nejm\u00e9n\u011b 500 let s\u00a0337 ob\u011b\u0165mi na lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivotech p\u0159i n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch katastrof\u00e1ln\u00edch povodn\u00edch na doln\u00ed Berounce a jejich p\u0159\u00edtoc\u00edch a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b v\u00a0povod\u00ed Oh\u0159e. V\u00a0d\u016fsledku sesuvu svah\u016f vzniklo na Mladotick\u00e9m potoce u obce Odlezly (okres Plze\u0148-sever) hrazen\u00e9 jezero jako jedin\u00e9 s\u00a0dobou vzniku v\u00a0posledn\u00edch tis\u00edcilet\u00edch na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed. Na dvou lokalit\u00e1ch byly zaznamen\u00e1ny a\u017e dosud nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 intenzity sr\u00e1\u017eek v\u00a0\u010cR, a to v\u00a0Mladonic\u00edch (bl\u00edzko Odlezelsk\u00e9ho jezera) 237 mm asi za 1 hodinu a 289 mm asi za 10 a\u017e 15 hodin v\u00a0M\u011bcholupech (6 km ji\u017en\u011b od \u017datce), kter\u00e9 le\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0klimaticky nejsu\u0161\u0161\u00ed oblasti na\u0161eho st\u00e1tu s\u00a0malou nadmo\u0159skou v\u00fd\u0161kou. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho dostupn\u00e9ho archivn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu z\u00a0n\u011bkolika stanic v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch (pr\u016fb\u011bh po\u010das\u00ed, tlaku, teploty, vlhkosti, sm\u011bru a rychlosti v\u011btru), podrobn\u00fdch klementinsk\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 ro\u010denky, rakousk\u00fdch velmi zjednodu\u0161en\u00fdch synoptick\u00fdch map a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed mnoha laick\u00fdch pozorovatel\u016f v\u00a0posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti dle liter\u00e1rn\u00edch pramen\u016f bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee se tato oblast nach\u00e1zela ve studen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pom\u011brn\u011b hlubok\u00e9 cyklony, jej\u00ed\u017e st\u0159ed postupoval pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b velmi zvolna ji\u017en\u011b od Plzn\u011b a Prahy d\u00e1le k\u00a0severov\u00fdchodu a\u017e v\u00fdchodu. Dle celkov\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy uveden\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f z\u00a0n\u011bkolika p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch dn\u016f p\u0159ed 25. kv\u011btnem a dne n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho s\u00a0uv\u00e1\u017een\u00edm i m\u00edsty dosti podrobn\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed tahu oblak\u016f a postupu bou\u0159ek a\u017e s\u00a0extr\u00e9mn\u00edmi projevy (pr\u016ftr\u017ee mra\u010den, siln\u00e1 krupobit\u00ed, ork\u00e1nov\u00e9 n\u00e1razy v\u011btru, \u00fapln\u00e9 setm\u011bn\u00ed za dne, nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9 h\u0159m\u011bn\u00ed) p\u0159evl\u00e1dal v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu 25. 5. v\u00fdrazn\u00fd vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u0159ih v\u011btru ve sm\u011bru (v ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch hladin\u00e1ch sm\u011br severov\u00fdchodn\u00ed, ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch hladin\u00e1ch jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed). Anal\u00fdza tohoto p\u0159\u00edpadu nazna\u010duje, \u017ee st\u0159ih v\u011btru m\u016f\u017ee neobvykle v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm front\u00e1ln\u00edm rozhran\u00edm (kter\u00e9 bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no nad \u00fazem\u00edm \u010cech nap\u0159. mezi Chebem a \u0160umavou) v\u00a0oblasti pobl\u00ed\u017e st\u0159edu cyklony p\u016fsobit velice p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b jako spou\u0161t\u011bc\u00ed mechanismus pro vznik mohutn\u00e9 organizovan\u00e9 konvektivn\u00ed obla\u010dnosti s\u00a0opakovan\u00fdm v\u00fdskytem siln\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f nad ur\u010ditou lokalitou.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Na p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ce bylo tak\u00e9 provedeno srovn\u00e1n\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch intenzit v\u00a0roce 1872 s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi sv\u011btov\u00fdmi extr\u00e9my je\u0161t\u011b s\u00a0mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi intenzitami, kter\u00e9 se vyskytly v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech USA, v\u00a0d\u016fsledku rozd\u00edln\u00fdch aerologicko-synoptick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Vilibald Kakos, V\u011bstn\u00edk \u010cMeS 2002\/1, \u010derven 2002<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e5c351a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e5c351a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a875d46\" data-id=\"a875d46\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11f0cc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"11f0cc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5afd62f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5afd62f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a80719 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a80719\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p><p><a href=\"#\">V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zde Vlo\u017ete Text Nadpisu Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8891","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8891","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8891"}],"version-history":[{"count":264,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8891\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9600,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8891\/revisions\/9600"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8891"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}