{"id":7493,"date":"2024-11-08T21:34:16","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T20:34:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=7493"},"modified":"2024-11-08T21:35:01","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T20:35:01","slug":"rekordni-cervenec-1994","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/rekordni-cervenec-1994\/","title":{"rendered":"Rekordn\u00ed \u010dervenec 1994"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7493\" class=\"elementor elementor-7493\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-06cc0ea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"06cc0ea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7b511c\" data-id=\"e7b511c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d29f78b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d29f78b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<div><h2><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>REKORDN\u00cd \u010cERVENEC 1994<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159\u00edliv tepl\u00fdch vzduchov\u00fdch hmot od jihu a jihoz\u00e1padu spolu s p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00edc\u00edm anticyklon\u00e1ln\u00edm tlakov\u00fdm polem zp\u016f\u00adsobil po 160 letech p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed teplotn\u00edho rekordu v pra\u017e\u00adsk\u00e9m Klementinu z roku 1834. Tehdy byla pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 m\u011b\u00ads\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed teplota rovn\u00fdch 24,0 \u00b0C, letos 24,31 \u00b0C, tedy o 0,3 \u00b0C v\u00edce.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zhodno\u0165me alespo\u0148 stru\u010dn\u011b tuto skute\u010dnost. P\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed teplota v \u010dervenci po\u010d\u00edtan\u00e1 za l\u00e9ta 1771 a\u017e 1993 je 19,62 \u00b0C. Tomu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 leto\u0161n\u00ed odchylka +4,69 \u00b0C, co\u017e je o +0,31 \u00b0C v\u00edce ne\u017e v roce 1834. T\u0159et\u00edm v po\u0159ad\u00ed je \u010dervenec 1983 s teplotou 23,3, \u010dtvrt\u00fdm \u010dervenec 1788 s teplotou 23,2 a p\u00e1t\u00fdm \u010dervenec 1794 s teplotou 22,9 \u00b0C.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u010cervenec v\u0161ak nem\u00e1 absolutn\u00ed klementinsk\u00fd rekord. Ten z\u00edskal srpen 1807 s teplotou 25,3 \u00b0C. Tomu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 teplot\u00adn\u00ed odchylka +6,3 \u00b0C od pr\u016fm\u011bru rovn\u00e9ho 19 \u00b0C.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Leto\u0161n\u00ed \u010dervenec m\u011bl v Klementinu 16 tropick\u00fdch dn\u016f, kdy byla maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed denn\u00ed teplota alespo\u0148 30 \u00b0C. P\u0159es ne\u00addostatek sr\u00e1\u017eek zde napr\u0161elo 60,8 mm, co\u017e nen\u00ed zas tak m\u00e1lo. Pro zaj\u00edmavost nejchladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byl tento m\u011bs\u00edc v roce 1771 s pr\u016fm\u011brnou m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed teplotou rovn\u00fdch 15 \u00b0C. Tomu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 odchylka -4,62 \u00b0C.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Podle p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f k 2. 8. 1994 napr\u0161elo v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v \u010dervenci 1994 celkem 54,2 mm. Nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky v \u010cech\u00e1ch od roku 1876 pat\u0159\u00ed roku 1904 s pouh\u00fdmi 23 mm. Dlouhodob\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br po\u010d\u00edtan\u00fd za l\u00e9ta 1876 a\u017e 1993 je pro \u010cechy 87,6 mm. Nejsu\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010dervenec m\u011bl zde tedy 26,3 %. Absolutn\u00ed rekord v nedostatku sr\u00e1\u017eek pat\u0159\u00ed \u0159\u00edjnu 1908 s pou\u00adh\u00fdm 1 mm. P\u0159i dlouhodob\u00e9m pr\u016fm\u011bru 48,5 mm, po\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9m za l\u00e9ta 1876 a\u017e 1993, napr\u0161elo tehdy jen 2,06 % sr\u00e1\u017eek. P\u0159ipome\u0148me pro zaj\u00edmavost, \u017ee na sr\u00e1\u017eky nejbohat\u0161\u00ed od roku 1876 byl \u010dervenec 1981 se 195 mm, co\u017e je 222 % dlouhodob\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011bru. Je to absolutn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fd rekord \u010desk\u00e9 \u0159ady od roku 1876. M\u016f\u017eeme odhadnout po\u0159ad\u00ed le\u00adto\u0161n\u00edho \u010dervence, co se t\u00fd\u010de mno\u017estv\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek. Pravd\u011bpo\u00addobn\u011b p\u0159ipadne na 16. a\u017e 17. m\u00edsto za nejsu\u0161\u0161\u00edm z roku 1904.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pro n\u00e1zornost uv\u00e1d\u00edme na obr. 1 integr\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u0159ivku \u010dervencov\u00fdch teplot od roku 1771 do roku 1994. Ta m\u00e1 t\u0159i v\u00fdrazn\u00e1 teplotn\u00ed obdob\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed epocha, teplej\u0161\u00ed, se vze\u00adstupn\u00fdm trendem v letech 1771 a\u017e 1836. Druh\u00e1, chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, v letech 1837 a\u017e 1927 a t\u0159et\u00ed od roku 1928 do sou\u010dasnosti. Ta je op\u011bt pon\u011bkud teplej\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><\/div><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V prac\u00edch [1,2] bylo pouk\u00e1z\u00e1no na ur\u010dit\u00e9 vztahy mezi mimozemsk\u00fdmi vlivy, tj. slune\u010dn\u00ed a geomagnetickou akti\u00advitou a meteorologick\u00fdmi prvky. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b teplot jde o souhlasn\u00fd efekt, dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy t\u011bchto parametr\u016f jsou \u201eparaleln\u00ed&#8221;, u sr\u00e1\u017eek pak \u201eopa\u010dn\u00e9&#8221;. Toto je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b dob\u0159e vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b geomegnetick\u00e9 aktivity. S jej\u00edm pokle\u00adsem se postupn\u011b za\u010daly objevovat siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky, a to od prosince 1993. Od ledna 1994 za\u010dala geomegnetick\u00e1 aktivita op\u011bt vzr\u016fstat, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch \u00fanoru, b\u0159eznu, dubnu a kv\u011btnu. Tento vzr\u016fst vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt sr\u00e1\u017eek a zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee tomu dob\u0159e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u011b podpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd \u010derven a \u010dervenec leto\u0161n\u00edho roku. V \u010dervnu se objevuje op\u011bt zmen\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed geomagnetick\u00e9 aktivity, a pakli\u017ee tento pokles bude pokra\u010dovat, m\u016f\u017eeme o\u010dek\u00e1vat op\u011bt v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u00add\u011bly.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Literatura<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[1] Br\u016f\u017eek, V: Dlouhodob\u00e9 zm\u011bny meteorologick\u00fdch paramet\u00adr\u016f. Sborn\u00edk prac\u00ed \u010cHM\u00da. sv. 44. Praha, \u010cHM\u00da 1994. 80 s.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[2] Br\u016f\u017eek, V: Pressure fields, meteorological parameters, extraterrestrial influences and climaticchange. Meteorol. Zpr., 47, 1994, \u010d. 2, s. 33-40.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Vladim\u00edr Br\u016f\u017eek, MZ 1994\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 47, str. 127-128<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>REKORDN\u00cd \u010cERVENEC 1994 P\u0159\u00edliv tepl\u00fdch vzduchov\u00fdch hmot od jihu a jihoz\u00e1padu spolu s p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00edc\u00edm anticyklon\u00e1ln\u00edm tlakov\u00fdm polem zp\u016f\u00adsobil po 160 letech p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed teplotn\u00edho rekordu v pra\u017e\u00adsk\u00e9m Klementinu z roku 1834. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7493","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7493"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7493\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7498,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7493\/revisions\/7498"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}