{"id":4718,"date":"2024-01-13T14:45:28","date_gmt":"2024-01-13T13:45:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=4718"},"modified":"2024-01-13T14:46:50","modified_gmt":"2024-01-13T13:46:50","slug":"2004-praha","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/2004-praha\/","title":{"rendered":"2004 &#8211; Praha"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4718\" class=\"elementor elementor-4718\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c02731 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3c02731\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-81608e0\" data-id=\"81608e0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8560113 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8560113\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content clearfix\"><div class=\"field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden\"><div class=\"field-items\"><div class=\"field-item even\"><h2><strong>KLIMATOLOGICK\u00dd SEMIN\u00c1\u0158 O SUCHU A DAL\u0160\u00cdCH AKTU\u00c1LN\u00cdCH PROBL\u00c9MECH<\/strong><\/h2><p class=\"rtejustify\"><strong>Semin\u00e1\u0159 Katedry Fyzick\u00e9 geografie a geoekologie P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty UK Praha a \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti 2004<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve spolupr\u00e1ci s \u010ceskou meteorologickou spole\u010dnost\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1dala dne 16. \u010dervna 2004 Katedra fyzick\u00e9 geografie a geoekologie P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty UK semin\u00e1\u0159 zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k problematice sucha.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Do prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti bylo za\u0159azeno p\u011bt p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f vztahuj\u00edc\u00edch se k v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9mu projektu GA \u010cR \u010d. 205\/03\/Z045 Dlouhodob\u00e9 zm\u011bny re\u017eimu v\u00fdskytu extr\u00e9mn\u00edho sucha v \u010cesku. V \u00favodn\u00edm refer\u00e1tu J. Host\u00fdnek (\u010cHM\u00da) informoval o p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b dat pro projekt. Data byla vyt\u011b\u017eena a prov\u011b\u0159ena ze sekul\u00e1rn\u00edch teplotn\u00edch a sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch \u0159ad stanic Klatovy, T\u00e1bor, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice (jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010cechy), Praha-Karlov, Praha-Klementinum, \u010c\u00e1slav (st\u0159edn\u00ed \u010cechy) a Brno, Olomouc (Morava). Faktografie t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdskytu sucha v roce 2003 byla p\u0159evzata ze Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy pro Ministerstvo zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed \u010cR (\u010cHM\u00da, 30. 10. 2003. 24 s., 78 obr.). V refer\u00e1tu Klimatick\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed sucha a such\u00fdch obdob\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR v letech 1876-2003 P. Blinka (P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta UK) prezentoval aplikaci metody EP (effective precipitation &#8211; efektivn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eka). Charakterizoval povahy sucha, v\u010detn\u011b jeho plo\u0161n\u00e9ho rozsahu, za\u010d\u00e1tku, konce, d\u00e9lky trv\u00e1n\u00ed a intenzity, faktory ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh. V tabulkov\u00e9 i grafick\u00e9 podob\u011b prezentoval v\u00fdsledky uplatn\u011bn\u00ed zvolen\u00e9 metody. Jako nejsu\u0161\u0161\u00ed vy\u0161ly roky 1943 a 1976. I. Sl\u00e1dek v p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku Zp\u016fsob charakterizace such\u00fdch obdob\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00edm metody sou\u010dtov\u00fdch \u0159ad s vymezen\u00edm dn\u016f se sr\u00e1\u017ekami a dn\u016f s nedostatkem sr\u00e1\u017eek dosp\u011bl mj. k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee nelze vysledovat jednozna\u010dn\u00fd trend such\u00fdch obdob\u00ed, k maxim\u016fm sucha v\u0161ak doch\u00e1z\u00ed zpravidla v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a \u0159\u00edjnu (bab\u00ed l\u00e9to) v jednotliv\u00fdch letech. M. Mo\u017en\u00fd (\u010cHM\u00da) v refer\u00e1tu Vymezen\u00ed a intenzita sucha na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR v obdob\u00ed 1891-2003 pou\u017eil metodu indexu sucha (IHS) k stanoven\u00ed d\u00e9lky sucha ve vegeta\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00edch. V z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9m vystoupen\u00ed t\u00e9to tematick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti &#8211; Sucho v p\u0159edinstrument\u00e1ln\u00edm obdob\u00ed &#8211; pouk\u00e1zal J. Munzar (\u00dastav geoniky AV \u010cR, Brno) na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee instrument\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek, po\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed od poloviny 18. stolet\u00ed, je prov\u00e1zeno \u010dast\u00fdmi p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00edmi a technick\u00fdmi nedostatky. Refer\u00e1t byl z\u00e1rove\u0148 odleh\u010den n\u011bkter\u00fdmi historick\u00fdmi zaj\u00edmavostmi.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Do druh\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti semin\u00e1\u0159e byly za\u0159azeny refer\u00e1ty o suchu a atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch mimo v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd projekt. E. Zmudzka (Universytet Warszava) referovala o vlivu teplotn\u00edch a sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek ve vegeta\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed na zem\u011bd\u011blskou produkci v Polsku v letech 1951-2000. J. C. M. Bakanza (\u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR, Praha) v\u00a0refer\u00e1tu o suchu v Kongu pouk\u00e1zal na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee i v rovn\u00edkov\u00e9 oblasti Konga, kde je ro\u010dn\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br sr\u00e1\u017eek 1 600 mm, je patrn\u00fd klesaj\u00edc\u00ed trend v d\u016fsledku klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn. V p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku Sucho ve vegeta\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed vy\u0161el J. Klabzuba (\u010cesk\u00e1 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 univerzita, Praha) z definice sucha v Meteorologick\u00e9m slovn\u00edku v\u00fdkladov\u00e9m a terminologick\u00e9m (Praha: Academia, M\u017dP 1993). Vymezil krit\u00e9ria pro hodnocen\u00ed re\u017eimu sr\u00e1\u017eek a teplotn\u00edho re\u017eimu v souvislost\u00ed s fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami vzniku sucha a p\u0159edest\u0159el biologickou specifiku \u0161kodlivosti sucha. S tematikou a zad\u00e1n\u00edm grantov\u00e9ho projektu pln\u011b korespondoval refer\u00e1t V. Kakose a J. Mullera (\u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR, Praha) nazvan\u00fd Sucho v \u010cech\u00e1ch. P\u0159i zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed extremit sucha do\u0161li auto\u0159i k zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm poznatk\u016fm o projevech sucha z hlediska sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9ho deficitu odchylek teplot ve vztahu k odtokov\u00fdm deficit\u016fm a minim\u00e1ln\u00edm pr\u016ftok\u016fm na Labi v D\u011b\u010d\u00edn\u011b. Nap\u0159. extremita roku 2002 podle autor\u016f spo\u010d\u00edvala v tom, \u017ee tento rok byl na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech od r. 1876 v\u016fbec nejde\u0161tiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a sou\u010dasn\u011b pat\u0159il mezi n\u011bkolik nejteplej\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm roce 2003 bylo vegeta\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed podle klementinsk\u00e9 \u0159ady absolutn\u011b nejteplej\u0161\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 i jedno z nejsu\u0161\u0161\u00edch &#8211; sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fd deficit 429 mm mezi roky 2002 a 2003 nebyl v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm stolet\u00ed zaznamen\u00e1n.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Ve t\u0159et\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti semin\u00e1\u0159e rezervovan\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00edm aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm zazn\u011bl pouze refer\u00e1t J. Ho\u0161ka (\u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry, Praha) Modelov\u00e1n\u00ed pole v\u011btru nad horsk\u00fdm ter\u00e9nem na p\u0159\u00edkladu Kru\u0161n\u00fdch a Orlick\u00fdch hor.<\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\">Semin\u00e1\u0159 potvrdil, \u017ee jednotn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria pro kvantitativn\u00ed vymezen\u00ed sucha s ohledem na rozmanit\u00e1 a mnoho\u010detn\u00e1 hlediska neexistuj\u00ed. T\u00e9to skute\u010dnosti si auto\u0159i refer\u00e1t\u016f byli v\u011bdomi a neaspirovali na nesplniteln\u00e9, tj. na vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu.<\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><em>Zden\u011bk Hork\u00fd, MZ 2004\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 57, str. 154-155<\/em><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KLIMATOLOGICK\u00dd SEMIN\u00c1\u0158 O SUCHU A DAL\u0160\u00cdCH AKTU\u00c1LN\u00cdCH PROBL\u00c9MECH Semin\u00e1\u0159 Katedry Fyzick\u00e9 geografie a geoekologie P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty UK Praha a \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti 2004 Ve spolupr\u00e1ci s \u010ceskou meteorologickou spole\u010dnost\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1dala [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4718","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4718"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4718\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}