{"id":14049,"date":"2025-01-27T22:09:06","date_gmt":"2025-01-27T21:09:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=14049"},"modified":"2025-01-27T22:10:13","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T21:10:13","slug":"na-zacatku-prosince-zasahla-ceskou-republiku-pomerne-vyrazna-epizoda-mrznoucich-srazek","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/na-zacatku-prosince-zasahla-ceskou-republiku-pomerne-vyrazna-epizoda-mrznoucich-srazek\/","title":{"rendered":"Na za\u010d\u00e1tku prosince zas\u00e1hla \u010ceskou republiku pom\u011brn\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e1 epizoda mrznouc\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"14049\" class=\"elementor elementor-14049\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7a994b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7a994b9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8840ae2\" data-id=\"8840ae2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d998fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d998fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po\u010das\u00ed ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b v posledn\u00ed dek\u00e1d\u011b listopadu 2014 v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148ovala mohutn\u00e1 tlakov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e se st\u0159edem nad evropskou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Ruska, kter\u00e1 blokovala postup tlakov\u00fdch n\u00ed\u017e\u00ed z Atlantiku do st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy. Tyto tlakov\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161inou postupovaly do oblasti St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed, kde zanikaly. V\u00fdjimku tvo\u0159ila a\u017e pom\u011brn\u011b hlubok\u00e1 n\u00ed\u017ee (ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 jm\u00e9nem Xandra), putuj\u00edc\u00ed v z\u00e1v\u011bru listopadu p\u0159es Pyrenejsk\u00fd poloostrov do centr\u00e1ln\u00edho St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed. Za t\u00e9to situace se v tomto obdob\u00ed u n\u00e1s vytv\u00e1\u0159elo v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 inverzn\u00ed teplotn\u00ed zvrstven\u00ed vzduchu. Zat\u00edmco v p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edch vrstv\u00e1ch se kolem tlakov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161e nad Ruskem do st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy dost\u00e1val chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vzduch od v\u00fdchodu, st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e1 n\u00ed\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ela do vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch vrstev atmosf\u00e9ry mnohem teplej\u0161\u00ed a tak\u00e9 vlh\u010d\u00ed vzduch.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">B\u011bhem posledn\u00edho listopadov\u00e9ho t\u00fddne v chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdchodn\u00edm proud\u011bn\u00ed teplota vzduchu pozvolna klesala, d\u00edky velk\u00e9mu mno\u017estv\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00e9 obla\u010dnosti byl denn\u00ed chod teploty minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. Je\u0161t\u011b 24. listopadu byla pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 teplota na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed 3,5 \u00b0C, a 30. listopadu byla u\u017e jen 0,1 \u00b0C. V\u00fdrazn\u011b chladn\u011bji bylo ten den na Morav\u011b (\u20131,4 \u00b0C) ne\u017e v \u010cech\u00e1ch (+0,9 \u00b0C).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nejteplej\u0161\u00edmi m\u00edsty na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed byly \u010dasto horsk\u00e9 polohy nad inverzn\u00ed vrstvou. Hlavn\u011b v oblasti \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e9 vrchoviny a ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch poloh\u00e1ch Karlovarsk\u00e9ho a \u00dasteck\u00e9ho kraje se vyskytovaly mrznouc\u00ed mlhy a vznikala tak n\u00e1mraza. N\u00e1sledn\u011b, p\u0159i zes\u00edlen\u00ed v\u011btru, za\u010dalo doch\u00e1zet k l\u00e1m\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed \u010di strom\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dne 1. prosince postupovala kolem zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e9 tlakov\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee od jihov\u00fdchodu nad na\u0161e \u00fazem\u00ed okluzn\u00ed fronta. D\u00edky p\u0159\u00edhodn\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m, tj. inverzn\u00edmu zvrstven\u00ed teploty, byly sr\u00e1\u017eky na t\u00e9to front\u011b v\u011bt\u0161inou mrznouc\u00ed. Sr\u00e1\u017eky postupovaly od jihov\u00fdchodu p\u0159es Rakousko a Slovensko, na na\u0161e \u00fazem\u00ed se prvn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky dostaly b\u011bhem dopoledne 1. 12.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Postupn\u011b se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily na cel\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed Moravy, b\u011bhem odpoledne i na v\u011bt\u0161inu \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech. Teplota vzduchu z\u016fstala v\u011bt\u0161inou pod bodem mrazu, b\u011bhem dne se na mnoha stanic\u00edch i ochlazovalo. Sr\u00e1\u017eky na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b \u00fazem\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1valy i po v\u011bt\u0161inu noci z 1. na 2. prosince. Sl\u00e1bly a\u017e b\u011bhem \u00fater\u00fd 2. 12., vlivem ochlazen\u00ed i ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch vrstv\u00e1ch vzduchu p\u0159ech\u00e1zely mrznouc\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky do sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed, na ji\u017en\u00ed Morav\u011b do de\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek. Na n\u011bkter\u00fdch stanic\u00edch zaznamen\u00e1vali mrznouc\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky po obdob\u00ed v\u00edce jak 24 hodin. Na stanici Dyj\u00e1kovice 27 hodin po sob\u011b (od 1. 12. 07:50 SE\u010c do 2. 12. 10:50 SE\u010c) trval mrznouc\u00ed d\u00e9\u0161\u0165. V Kucha\u0159ovic\u00edch trvaly mrznouc\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 cel\u00e9 dva dny, mrznouc\u00ed mrholen\u00ed se zde vyskytovalo od 1. 12. 00:00 SE\u010c do 1. 12. 08:50 SE\u010c, pot\u00e9 a\u017e do 2. 12. 02:40 SE\u010c padal mrznouc\u00ed d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 a potom je\u0161t\u011b do 2. 12. 22:30 SE\u010c op\u011bt mrznouc\u00ed mrholen\u00ed. Z dostupn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f ze 123 stanic byl mrznouc\u00ed d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 nebo mrznouc\u00ed mrholen\u00ed zaznamen\u00e1no v pond\u011bl\u00ed 1. 12. na 66 stanic\u00edch a v \u00fater\u00fd 2. 12. je\u0161t\u011b na 56 stanic\u00edch.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Vznikl\u00e1 ledovka dosahovala velk\u00e9 tlou\u0161\u0165ky, v \u00fater\u00fd 2. 12. v 10:00 SE\u010c bylo na stanici P\u0159ibyslav nam\u011b\u0159eno 12 mm, na stanici Luk\u00e1 a Hole\u0161ov 10 mm a v Praze-Libu\u0161i 7 mm.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b slo\u017een\u00fdch n\u00e1mrazk\u016f (tj. spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0n\u00e1mrazou z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch dn\u016f) \u010dinila tlou\u0161\u0165ka nap\u0159. na Svratouchu 49 mm, na stanici Ho\u0161\u0165\u00e1lkov\u00e1-Maru\u0161ka 50 mm, na Chur\u00e1\u0148ov\u011b 70 mm a na Mile\u0161ovce dokonce 180 mm.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Tato situace je pom\u011brn\u011b nezvykl\u00e1 velk\u00fdm rozsahem zasa\u017een\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed, dobou trv\u00e1n\u00ed mrznouc\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek a tak\u00e9 tlou\u0161\u0165kou vznikl\u00e9 ledovky.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dopady t\u00e9to situace byly takt\u00e9\u017e rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9. V\u00a0kombinaci ledovky s n\u00e1mrazou z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch dn\u016f doch\u00e1zelo, zejm\u00e9na na \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e9 vrchovin\u011b a pozd\u011bji i na st\u0159edn\u00ed Morav\u011b, k \u010detn\u00e9mu l\u00e1m\u00e1n\u00ed strom\u016f a v\u011btv\u00ed. Ledovka se tak\u00e9 ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e tvo\u0159ila na dr\u00e1tech elektrick\u00e9ho veden\u00ed a trolej\u00edch.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Probl\u00e9my v doprav\u011b postihly jak silni\u010dn\u00ed, tak i \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b ledovka na trolej\u00edch prakticky znemo\u017enila provoz na elektrifikovan\u00fdch trat\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b hlavn\u00edch koridor\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zastavena byla tramvajov\u00e1 doprava v Praze, Olomouci i Brn\u011b, zde nav\u00edc i trolejbusov\u00e1. K obnoven\u00ed provozu do\u0161lo prakticky a\u017e b\u011bhem 3. prosince, kdy po oteplen\u00ed ledovka sama rozt\u00e1la.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">D\u00edky tomu, \u017ee teplota povrch\u016f komunikac\u00ed byla v\u011bt\u0161inou nad nulou, ledovka zde dlouho nedr\u017eela a komplikace v silni\u010dn\u00ed doprav\u011b zp\u016fsobovaly hlavn\u011b p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky v podob\u011b spadl\u00fdch v\u011btv\u00ed nebo strom\u016f. Av\u0161ak na severov\u00fdchod\u011b \u00fazem\u00ed, kde byla teplota vzduchu i povrch\u016f ji\u017e n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed pod nulou, ledovka z\u016fst\u00e1vala del\u0161\u00ed dobu. Doch\u00e1zelo takt\u00e9\u017e k lok\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00fdpadk\u016fm v distribuci elektrick\u00e9 energie, hlavn\u011b na P\u0159erovsku a Olomoucku.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Tom\u00e1\u0161 Mejst\u0159\u00edk,<\/em> <em>Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 67, 2014\/5<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po\u010das\u00ed ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b v posledn\u00ed dek\u00e1d\u011b listopadu 2014 v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148ovala mohutn\u00e1 tlakov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e se st\u0159edem nad evropskou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Ruska, kter\u00e1 blokovala postup tlakov\u00fdch n\u00ed\u017e\u00ed z Atlantiku do st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14049","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14049","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14049"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14053,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14049\/revisions\/14053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}