{"id":13508,"date":"2025-01-23T23:00:03","date_gmt":"2025-01-23T22:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=13508"},"modified":"2025-01-23T23:01:04","modified_gmt":"2025-01-23T22:01:04","slug":"novy-komunikacni-protokol-vystraznych-zprav-cap","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/novy-komunikacni-protokol-vystraznych-zprav-cap\/","title":{"rendered":"NOV\u00dd KOMUNIKA\u010cN\u00cd PROTOKOL V\u00ddSTRA\u017dN\u00ddCH ZPR\u00c1V &#8211; CAP"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"13508\" class=\"elementor elementor-13508\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3e84b6f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3e84b6f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98909f6\" data-id=\"98909f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a5b031 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a5b031\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed p\u00edsmena v\u00fdrazu Common Alerting Protocol se v posledn\u00edch letech stala symbolem sjednocen\u00ed a zobecn\u011bn\u00ed form\u00e1tu sd\u011blen\u00ed obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho informaci o bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edm se nebo ji\u017e pozorovan\u00e9m nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, o jeho lokalizaci, dob\u011b trv\u00e1n\u00ed, doporu\u010den\u00e9m zp\u016fsobu chov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b odkazu na podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace z autorizovan\u00e9ho zdroje. St\u00e1le intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pot\u0159eba univerz\u00e1ln\u00edho protokolu byla p\u0159edur\u010dena jak \u010detnost\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch katastrof s nar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edm po\u010dtem ob\u011bt\u00ed, tak rozvojem telekomunikac\u00ed, informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed navigace i prost\u0159edk\u016f d\u00e1lkov\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu Zem\u011b. Sb\u011brn\u00e1 centra v\u00fdstrah umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00ed podle pot\u0159eby filtrovan\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v, a\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o pohyb hurik\u00e1n\u016f, vlny tsunami, sesuvy p\u016fdy, \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vulkanick\u00e9ho prachu, zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed, nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 projevy po\u010das\u00ed nebo \u00faniky chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek. Standard CAP je propagov\u00e1n pod z\u00e1\u0161titou Sv\u011btov\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 organizace (WMO), Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed unie (ITU) a odborn\u00e9 komise pro krizov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (OASIS) prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00edch workshop\u016f \u2013 v roce 2016 prob\u011bhlo jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v Bangkoku s c\u00edlem podpo\u0159it zaveden\u00ed protokolu CAP v Asii a Indon\u00e9sii. Dosud se nov\u00fd form\u00e1t v\u00fdstrah roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il z americk\u00e9ho kontinentu do Austr\u00e1lie, ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky, n\u011bkolika zem\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u00ed polokoule a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Meteoalarmu se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 na evropsk\u00fd kontinent.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fdvoj univerz\u00e1ln\u00edho protokolu nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho na technologi\u00edch a varovn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech provozovan\u00fdch v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech sv\u011bta byl iniciov\u00e1n doporu\u010den\u00edm N\u00e1rodn\u00ed rady pro v\u011bdu a technologii USA (NTSC), kter\u00e1 koncem roku 2000 ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b o pot\u0159eb\u011b efektivn\u00edho varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed katastrofami doporu\u010dila vyvinout standardn\u00ed metodu pro okam\u017eit\u00fd a automatick\u00fd sb\u011br a p\u0159enos v\u00fdstrah na v\u0161echny typy rizika od lok\u00e1ln\u00edho a\u017e po n\u00e1rodn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko. Pracovn\u00ed skupina 130 odborn\u00edk\u016f z r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed s vyu\u017eit\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00fdch poznatk\u016f o krizov\u00fdch situac\u00edch a reakc\u00edch lid\u00ed v posti\u017een\u00fdch oblastech odsouhlasila prvn\u00ed verzi protokolu v roce 2001. B\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dvou let byl protokol testov\u00e1n ve Virginii a Kalifornii a v\u00a0roce 2004 p\u0159ijat jako standard OASIS CAP 1.0. V roce 2007 byla ve spolupr\u00e1ci s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed uni\u00ed ITU uvoln\u011bna verze 1.1 zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed ASN.1 a v roce 2008 po zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00ednek u\u017eivatel\u016f dosud platn\u00e1 verze CAP 1.2.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Mezi v\u00fdhody nov\u00e9ho protokolu pat\u0159\u00ed bezesporu mo\u017enost publikovat v\u00fdstrahu sou\u010dasn\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky, od slo\u017eek civiln\u00ed ochrany p\u0159es rozli\u010dn\u00e1 m\u00e9dia, webov\u00e9 servery n\u00e1rodn\u00ed i zahrani\u010dn\u00ed, lid\u00e9 se tak o hroz\u00edc\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00ed dozv\u00ed z v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu zdroj\u016f, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje v\u011brohodnost v\u00fdstrahy. Kompatibiln\u00ed sd\u011blen\u00ed nav\u00edc umo\u017e\u0148uje skl\u00e1dat informa\u010dn\u00ed mozaiku u jev\u016f p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch hranice. CAP m\u016f\u017ee prezentovat v\u00fdstrahu ve v\u00edce jazyc\u00edch nebo n\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u00edch. O\u0161et\u0159ena je n\u00e1vaznost up\u0159es\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdstrah nebo naopak v\u010dasn\u00e9ho odvol\u00e1n\u00ed. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed linie souvisej\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdstrah pak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 v procesu verifikace, dokonce v nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. K vymezen\u00ed posti\u017een\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed standardn\u00ed geok\u00f3dy nebo polygony vymezen\u00e9 geografick\u00fdmi sou\u0159adnicemi, oblasti tak lze operativn\u011b zobrazit v map\u00e1ch nebo prost\u0159ed\u00ed GIS.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed katastrofy vy\u017eaduj\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed koordinaci z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch prac\u00ed, v\u010dasn\u00e9 varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed takov\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi tak zvy\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dinnost n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed a poskytuje p\u0159edstih k organizov\u00e1n\u00ed technick\u00e9 a humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci. V Evrop\u011b tuto funkci pln\u00ed koordina\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edisko Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC) pod\u00edlej\u00edc\u00ed se na z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch mis\u00edch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed situaci lze monitorovat na port\u00e1lu ERCC pod z\u00e1lo\u017ekou \u201eECHO Flash\u201c (viz odkazy pod \u010dl\u00e1nkem) s denn\u00edm p\u0159ehledem aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch rizik v r\u00e1mci Evropy i ve sv\u011bt\u011b, s mo\u017enost\u00ed vstupu do archivu. Aktivity ERCC jsou podporov\u00e1ny projektem Copernicus, kter\u00fd je zam\u011b\u0159en na z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat z r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na pak z flotily \u0161esti satelit\u016f Sentinel provozovan\u00fdch Evropskou kosmickou agenturou (ESA). Pokud nastane mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost, je pozastaven v\u011bdeck\u00fd program a satelity jsou vyu\u017eity pro c\u00edlen\u00e9 sn\u00edmkov\u00e1n\u00ed posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti (rapid mapping), jeho\u017e v\u00fdsledky je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase pro z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce nebo pozd\u011bji pro vyhodnocen\u00ed extremity ud\u00e1losti a ekonomick\u00fdch dopad\u016f. Copernicus d\u00e1le podporuje projekty glob\u00e1ln\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed povodn\u00ed (EFAS), pro varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010d\u00edm po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f (EFFIS), pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed monitoring sucha (GDO) a dal\u0161\u00ed. Informa\u010dn\u00ed podporu ERCC bude zaji\u0161\u0165ovat tak\u00e9 projekt integrovan\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed ARISTOTLE (All Risk Integrated System TOwards Trans-boundary Holistic Early-warning) zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na expertn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f katastrof. Do pln\u00e9ho provozu s nep\u0159etr\u017eitou slu\u017ebou by m\u011bl vstoupit b\u011bhem roku 2018.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee syst\u00e9my v\u010dasn\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou velmi \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed a \u017ee jsou kladeny velk\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed obsah v\u00fdstrah. Common Alerting Protocol poskytuje prostor pro spln\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto po\u017eadavk\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uje tvo\u0159it datab\u00e1zi v\u00fdstrah spole\u010dn\u011b s katalogem extr\u00e9mn\u00edch projev\u016f po\u010das\u00ed a zm\u011bn klimatu a s ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm informac\u00ed o bezprost\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kod\u00e1ch a dlouhodob\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t\u00e1ch (n\u00e1vaznost na Rezoluci 9, Cg-17 WMO). V\u00fdstrahy budou operativn\u011b shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1ny v tzv. Alert Hub WMO napojen\u00e9m na dal\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e1 centra (nap\u0159. krizov\u00e9 mapy Google) rozes\u00edlaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy. Dlouhodob\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem WMO je vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho varovn\u00e9ho syt\u00e9mu Global Meteo Alarm System (GMAS).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Internetov\u00e9 odkazy na projekty a str\u00e1nky zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 v textu:<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"http:\/\/erccportal.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/ECHO-Flash\">http:\/\/erccportal.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/ECHO-Flash<\/a>\u00a0<a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"http:\/\/www\/\">http:\/\/www<\/a>.copernicus.eu<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"https:\/\/sentinels.copernicus.eu\/web\/sentinel\/home\">https:\/\/sentinels.copernicus.eu\/web\/sentinel\/home<\/a><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"http:\/\/emergency\/\">http:\/\/emergency<\/a>.copernicus.eu\/<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"http:\/\/alerthub.meteoalarm.eu\/\">http:\/\/alerthub.meteoalarm.eu\/<\/a><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.google.org\/crisismap\/weather_and_events\">http:\/\/www.google.org\/crisismap\/weather_and_events<\/a><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wmo.int\/pages\/prog\/amp\/pwsp\/CommonAlerting\">http:\/\/www.wmo.int\/pages\/prog\/amp\/pwsp\/CommonAlerting<\/a><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Protocol_en.html<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Jan Sulan, MZ 2017\/6, ro\u010d. 70, str. 193 a 197<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed p\u00edsmena v\u00fdrazu Common Alerting Protocol se v posledn\u00edch letech stala symbolem sjednocen\u00ed a zobecn\u011bn\u00ed form\u00e1tu sd\u011blen\u00ed obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho informaci o bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edm se nebo ji\u017e pozorovan\u00e9m nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, o jeho lokalizaci, dob\u011b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13508","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13508"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13508\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13513,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13508\/revisions\/13513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}