{"id":13383,"date":"2025-01-23T19:05:27","date_gmt":"2025-01-23T18:05:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=13383"},"modified":"2025-01-23T19:06:30","modified_gmt":"2025-01-23T18:06:30","slug":"teplotni-rekordy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/teplotni-rekordy\/","title":{"rendered":"Teplotn\u00ed rekordy"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"13383\" class=\"elementor elementor-13383\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4cf8a1d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4cf8a1d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e16cf67\" data-id=\"e16cf67\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4467695 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4467695\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kdo d\u00e1l, kdo v\u00fd\u0161, kdo rychleji, to jsou z\u00e1vody. Nejvyda\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou ty, p\u0159i nich\u017e padaj\u00ed rekordy. T\u011bch je v\u00edce druh\u016f: halov\u00e9, osobn\u00ed, n\u00e1rodn\u00ed, sv\u011btov\u00e9 a jin\u00e9. Tak\u00e9 jaro, l\u00e9to, podzim a zima jsou vyda\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed rekordy. Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou denn\u00ed rekordy teploty vzduchu, kter\u00e9 s radost\u00ed oznamuj\u00ed komer\u010dn\u00ed televizn\u00ed stanice, a ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed televize nem\u016f\u017ee z\u016fstat pozadu. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b letos v \u00fanoru byly sv\u011bdomit\u011b ohla\u0161ov\u00e1ny a zmi\u0148ov\u00e1ny i tehdy, kdy\u017e se nevyskytly, p\u0159esto\u017ee se o\u010dek\u00e1valy. \u0160koda. (Kolik poslucha\u010d\u016f v\u00ed, \u017ee tzv. rekordy se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed jen jednotliv\u00fdch konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch dn\u00ed v roce?)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed pozorovac\u00ed \u0159ady n\u011bkter\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch stanic jsou tak kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, \u017ee k tomu, aby vzniklo nov\u00e9 absolutn\u00ed denn\u00ed minimum teploty vzduchu, nebo nov\u00e9 absolutn\u00ed denn\u00ed maximum teploty vzduchu nen\u00ed moc zapot\u0159eb\u00ed. Dokonce na stanic\u00edch, kter\u00e9 teprve pozorovat za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed, je ka\u017ed\u00e1 nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teplota nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 v noci a ka\u017ed\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplota nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 p\u0159es den hodnotou rekordn\u00ed, a tedy medi\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00edtanou.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jakmile v uplynul\u00e9 zim\u011b v\u00edce p\u0159ituhlo, hodn\u011b bylo om\u00edl\u00e1no \u010desk\u00e9 a \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 absolutn\u00ed minimum teploty vzduchu 42,2 \u00b0C, nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 11. \u00fanora 1929 na klimatologick\u00e9 stanici v Litv\u00ednovic\u00edch. (Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee se nikdo z televizn\u00edch redaktor\u016f \u010di moder\u00e1tor\u016f nezeptal, jak se zm\u011b\u0159ilo rtu\u0165ov\u00fdm teplom\u011brem, kdy\u017e rtu\u0165, jak zn\u00e1mo, tuhne p\u0159i \u201339 \u00b0C.). I z hlasu meteorolog\u016f bylo mo\u017eno vyc\u00edtit l\u00edtost nad t\u00edm, \u017ee se letos teplota p\u0159i no\u010dn\u00edm poklesu Zastavila pon\u011bkud p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b a litv\u00ednovick\u00fd rekord nebyl p\u0159ekon\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Slovensk\u00e9 absolutn\u00ed minimum teploty vzduchu \u201341,0 \u00b0C zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 na stanici V\u00edgIa\u0161, Pstru\u0161a poch\u00e1z\u00ed z t\u00e9ho\u017e dne jako minimum \u010desk\u00e9. Ned\u00e1 mi nep\u0159ipomenout konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed profesora Mikul\u00e1\u0161e Kon\u010deka, \u017ee kdyby v t\u00e9 dob\u011b u\u017e fungovala stanice Erd\u00fadka (nyn\u00ed Oravsk\u00e1 Lesn\u00e1), \u017ee by minimum bylo je\u0161t\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Myslel t\u00edm samoz\u0159ejm\u011b teplotu nam\u011b\u0159enou v regul\u00e9rn\u00ed stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edti.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dnes je situace jin\u00e1: objevili se lovci mraz\u016f. Jsou to \u010dmuchalov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed v horsk\u00fdch oblastech hledaj\u00ed v ploch\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eenin\u011b dol\u00edk s p\u0159ikr\u010denou teplotou, kterou by mohli omr\u00e1\u010dit sv\u011bt. Maj\u00ed sm\u016flu, jeliko\u017e mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b tuh\u00e1 zima 1928\/1929 je d\u00e1vno za n\u00e1mi, tak \u017ee podobn\u00e1 sl\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed b\u011bhem n\u00ed u\u017e nelze zopakovat.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Klimatologov\u00e9 v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee absolutn\u00ed extr\u00e9my del\u0161\u00edch \u0159ad nem\u016f\u017eeme odvozovat nebo zp\u011btn\u011b dopl\u0148ovat. A moud\u0159\u00ed prognostici tak\u00e9 nikdy rekordy nep\u0159edpov\u00eddaj\u00ed, proto\u017ee v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee vznikaj\u00ed souhrou mnoha p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, zpravidla neposti\u017eiteln\u00fdch.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Je dob\u0159e, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 novin\u00e1\u0159e hejna rekord\u016f neom\u00e1mila a nep\u0159iplavila o kritick\u00fd pohled na v\u011bc. D\u016fkazem je n\u00e1zor Zby\u0148ka Petr\u00e1\u010dka, redaktora Lidov\u00fdch novin, kter\u00fd napsal:<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jakmile ude\u0159\u00ed opravdu siln\u00e9 mrazy, nast\u00e1v\u00e1 sezona \u201elovc\u016f rekord\u016f\u201c. Ve vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 shod\u011b postupuj\u00ed m\u00e9dia, amat\u00e9r\u0161t\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9, ba i st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav. \u201eMrazy p\u0159ekonaly rekordy v\u0161ech stanic na Vyso\u010din\u011b\u201c, \u201eHistorick\u00fd rekord \u201342,2 \u00b0C nepadl\u201c, tak zn\u00ed titulky dne\u0161n\u00edch dn\u016f. Jak\u00fd to m\u00e1 smysl? Na to u\u017e se lid\u00e9 moc neptaj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pro m\u00e9dia je smysl jasn\u00fd, nebo\u0165 rekordy prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed noviny a tituly s \u010d\u00edsly maj\u00ed sv\u016fj p\u016fvab&#8230; Pro v\u011bdce by m\u011bly rekordy v\u00fdznam v pra\u017esk\u00e9m Klementinu, kde se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed u\u017e 237 let. To u\u017e je slu\u0161n\u00e1 \u0159ada. Jen\u017ee nelze jen tak srovn\u00e1vat \u00fadaje nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 v \u00e9\u0159e nedl\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch ulic a kon\u00ed s \u010d\u00edsly z doby, kdy technologick\u00fd rozvoj d\u011bl\u00e1 z velkom\u011bst \u201etepeln\u00e9 ostrovy\u201c. A jak\u00fd smysl maj\u00ed mrazov\u00e9 rekordy stanic na Vyso\u010din\u011b, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed jen 23 let? Mluv\u010d\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee kdyby se na Kvild\u011b m\u011b\u0159ilo u\u017e v \u00fanoru 1929, nam\u011b\u0159ili by \u201350 \u00b0C. To je logika \u201ekdyby byly n\u011bkde ryby\u201c. Kdyby m\u011bl v roce 1936 Jesse Owens dne\u0161n\u00ed v\u00fdstroj a tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti zab\u011bhl by stovku za 9,5 sekundy. Zkuste to vyvr\u00e1tit.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ne, honba za mrazov\u00fdmi rekordy je sp\u00ed\u0161e honbou za technikou m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Na leto\u0161n\u00ed zim\u011b je zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cosi jin\u00e9ho. V\u0161imn\u011bte si, jak je extr\u00e9mn\u011b such\u00e1 a jak v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 a n\u00e1hl\u00e9 zm\u011bny p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed? (Lidov\u00e9 noviny 4. 2. 2012.)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V b\u0159eznu se oteplilo v\u00edc, ne\u017e m\u011blo, a zas u\u017e kdesi padly rekordy. Pomaten\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 jsou py\u0161n\u00ed na to, \u017ee pro\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u011bco, co tu je\u0161t\u011b nebylo a lovci letn\u00edch veder ji\u017e p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed, jak se dostat k teplot\u011b vzduchu vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 40,2 \u00b0C, aby Praha-Uh\u0159\u00edn\u011bves upadla do zaslou\u017een\u00e9ho zapomenut\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 z meteorologick\u00e9 bran\u017ee, je p\u0159erekordov\u00e1no a v\u0161eho moc \u0161kod\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka, MZ 2012\/2, ro\u010dn\u00edk 65, str. 57<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kdo d\u00e1l, kdo v\u00fd\u0161, kdo rychleji, to jsou z\u00e1vody. Nejvyda\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou ty, p\u0159i nich\u017e padaj\u00ed rekordy. T\u011bch je v\u00edce druh\u016f: halov\u00e9, osobn\u00ed, n\u00e1rodn\u00ed, sv\u011btov\u00e9 a jin\u00e9. Tak\u00e9 jaro, l\u00e9to, podzim [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13383","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13383"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13387,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13383\/revisions\/13387"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}