{"id":13282,"date":"2025-01-22T19:00:08","date_gmt":"2025-01-22T18:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=13282"},"modified":"2025-01-22T19:01:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T18:01:16","slug":"aladin-20-let-mezinarodni-spoluprace-v-numericke-predpovedi-pocasi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/aladin-20-let-mezinarodni-spoluprace-v-numericke-predpovedi-pocasi\/","title":{"rendered":"ALADIN \u2013 20 let mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce v numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"13282\" class=\"elementor elementor-13282\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-01a5e64 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"01a5e64\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-478e969\" data-id=\"478e969\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30d7e36 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30d7e36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dne 15. prosince 2010, za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti n\u00e1m\u011bstkyn\u011b ministra \u017divotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Rut B\u00edzkov\u00e9, bylo slavnostn\u011b podeps\u00e1no ji\u017e \u010dtvrt\u00e9 memorandum o porozum\u011bn\u00ed konsorcia ALADIN. Toto memorandum bude na dal\u0161\u00edch p\u011bt let zaji\u0161\u0165ovat spolupr\u00e1ci \u0161estn\u00e1cti n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb na spole\u010dn\u00e9m programu v oboru numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">ALADIN je meteorolog\u016fm i \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti zn\u00e1m v\u00a0prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b jako n\u00e1zev p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho modelu po\u010das\u00ed. Tak tomu i historicky bylo \u2013 jm\u00e9no ALADIN je francouzsk\u00fd akronym \u201eAire Limit\u00e9e Adaptation dynamique D\u00e9v\u00e9loppement International\u201c, kter\u00fd vyjad\u0159uje, \u017ee jde o model na omezen\u00e9 oblasti, vyv\u00edjen\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm t\u00fdmem. Tento akronym vyst\u0159\u00eddal p\u016fvodn\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b poetick\u00fd, zato velmi technick\u00fd n\u00e1zev LAM ARPEGE (\u201eLimited Area Model\u201c tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st glob\u00e1ln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu ARPEGE). Teprve pozd\u011bji se p\u016fvodn\u00ed projekt, p\u0159ejmenovan\u00fd na ALADIN, stal programem a kolem n\u011bho se postupn\u011b vybudovalo stejnojmenn\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed mnoha zemi. Proto\u017ee jsme na sklonku roku 2010 mohli spolu s podpisem nov\u00e9ho memoranda oslavit i dvacet let od za\u010d\u00e1tku t\u00e9to nev\u0161edn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce, m\u00e1me tak dobrou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost p\u0159ipomenout si na jak\u00fdch principech vznikla, a jak ovlivnila rozvoj oboru nejenom u n\u00e1s, ale v\u00a0cel\u00e9m regionu st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na konci listopadu 1990 napsal tehdej\u0161\u00ed \u0159editel M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France, Andr\u00e9 Lebeau, dopis sv\u00fdm koleg\u016fm v zem\u00edch st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy. Nab\u00eddl jim \u00fa\u010dast na projektu, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem bylo spole\u010dn\u011b vyvinout region\u00e1ln\u00ed verzi glob\u00e1ln\u00edho modelu ARPEGE. Z odborn\u00e9ho hlediska \u0161lo skute\u010dn\u011b o sou\u010d\u00e1st, kter\u00e1 chyb\u011bla v tehdej\u0161\u00edch pl\u00e1nech spole\u010dn\u00e9ho glob\u00e1ln\u00edho projektu IFS\/ARPEGE mezi M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France a Evropsk\u00fdm centrem pro st\u0159edn\u011bdobou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed (ECMWF), a kter\u00e1 m\u011bla zajistit operativn\u00ed nasazen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu ve vysok\u00e9m rozli\u0161en\u00ed. Nab\u00eddka byla velmi konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed a znamenala zapojen\u00ed do relativn\u011b komplexn\u00edho projektu. Tehdy kr\u00e1tce po revoluci na za\u010d\u00e1tku devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let z\u00e1rove\u0148 znamenala pro Bulharsko, \u010ceskoslovensko, Ma\u010farsko, Polsko a Rumunsko, zem\u011b b\u00fdval\u00e9ho socialistick\u00e9ho bloku, jeden z prvn\u00edch krok\u016f ke spolupr\u00e1ci mezi n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi meteorologick\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami z\u00e1padn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy, rozd\u011blen\u00e9 po mnoho let \u017eeleznou oponou.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Projekt nov\u00e9ho region\u00e1ln\u00edho modelu byl samoz\u0159ejm\u011b koncipov\u00e1n jako vz\u00e1jemn\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00fd. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b ve sv\u00fdch po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch se musel vyrovnat s velk\u00fdmi rozd\u00edly ve financ\u00edch a dostupn\u00fdch technologi\u00edch z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Andr\u00e9 Lebeau proto navrhl postupovat po etap\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 pak v praxi skute\u010dn\u011b prob\u011bhly podle p\u0159edv\u00eddan\u00e9ho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e. V\u00a0prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi prob\u00edhal v\u00fdvoj modelu ALADIN jenom na jednom m\u00edst\u011b \u2013 nov\u00e9m modern\u00edm pracovi\u0161ti M\u00e9t\u00e9o France v\u00a0Toulouse prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00fdch a v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch st\u00e1\u017ei, jej\u00edch\u017e financov\u00e1n\u00ed v tomto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9m za\u010d\u00e1tku podpo\u0159ila francouzsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da. Ze strany v\u0161ech z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb se jednalo v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi o dlouhodobou investici do lidsk\u00e9ho odborn\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu. Doslova na Zelen\u00e9 louce byl vybudov\u00e1n mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u00fdm, kde doch\u00e1zelo ke konfrontaci v\u011bdeck\u00fdch my\u0161lenek, v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b znalost\u00ed, sezn\u00e1men\u00ed se s technologiemi vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b s\u00a0architekturou k\u00f3du modelu IFS\/ARPEGE, ur\u010den\u00e9mu pro po\u010detn\u011b efektivn\u00ed provoz.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fdvoj prvn\u00ed verze modelu ALADIN zapo\u010dal v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1991 a trval p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dva a p\u016fl roku. Prvn\u00ed provozn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty modelu byly slavnostn\u011b zah\u00e1jeny 31. kv\u011btna 1994, tehdy je\u0161t\u011b na superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010di Cray C90 v Toulouse. V\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed oblast zahrnovala v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 st\u00e1ty st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy, a proto\u017ee internet byl v t\u00e9 dob\u011b je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0plenk\u00e1ch, tak se prvn\u00ed produkty ve form\u011b mapek p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ely pomoc\u00ed satelitn\u00edho programu RETIM.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V pozv\u00e1nce ke spolupr\u00e1ci je t\u00e9\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bno, \u017ee v\u00a0budoucnu z\u00edsk\u00e1me p\u0159\u00edstup k v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm. Z tohoto pohledu je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zm\u00ednit v\u011bdeckou a technologickou iniciativu rakousk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby (ZAMG), kter\u00e1 zapo\u010dala t\u00e9\u017e na podzim roku 1990 a kter\u00e1 pozd\u011bji dala zrod st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9mu programu spolupr\u00e1ce RC LACE (Regional Cooperation for Limited Area modeling in Central Europe), ve kter\u00e9m je nyn\u00ed sdru\u017eeno sedm zem\u00ed (\u010cesk\u00e1 republika, Chorvatsko, Ma\u010farsko, Rakousko, Rumunsko, Slovensko a Slovinsko). RC LACE v\u00fdznamn\u011b napomohlo strukturovat \u00fasil\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zemi a vz\u00e1jemn\u011b se dopl\u0148ovalo s\u00a0programem ALADIN. V jeho r\u00e1mci vznikl prvn\u00ed t\u00fdm staraj\u00edc\u00ed se o operativn\u00ed konfiguraci modelu ALADIN pro zem\u011b st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9ho regionu. Tato aplikace dostala n\u00e1zev ALADIN\/LACE a zpo\u010d\u00e1tku se na z\u00e1klad\u011b vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 smlouvy po\u010d\u00edtala st\u00e1le v Toulouse na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di Cray J90, v letech 1996 a\u017e 1998.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Mezit\u00edm se RC LACE rozhodlo p\u0159em\u00edstit svoji centr\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikaci do st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, a to konkr\u00e9tn\u011b do \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, kde byl ALADIN\/LACE po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n pro v\u0161echny \u010dlensk\u00e9 zem\u011b na superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010di NEC SX4 a\u017e do konce roku 2002. P\u0159esun aplikac\u00ed modelu ALADIN do \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f pak pokra\u010doval, a nyn\u00ed je provozov\u00e1n ve v\u0161ech \u0161estn\u00e1cti \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00edch.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Sou\u010dasn\u011b s technologick\u00fdm pokrokem nab\u00edral v programu ALADIN na obr\u00e1tk\u00e1ch v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj, a\u0165 ji\u017e \u0161lo o dizerta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, \u0159adu v\u011bdeck\u00fdch publikac\u00ed, nebo projekty financovan\u00e9 evropskou komis\u00ed. ALADIN z\u00edskal svoje pevn\u00e9 m\u00edsto na evropsk\u00e9 a sv\u011btov\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u011b numerick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed. Bezesporu pomohl pozvednout v\u011bdeckou a technologickou \u00farove\u0148 v\u0161ech z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00fdch instituc\u00ed. St\u00e1le v\u00edce v\u00fdzkumu a v\u00fdvoje dnes prob\u00edh\u00e1 na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch n\u00e1rodn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, zat\u00edmco M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France i nad\u00e1le zaji\u0161\u0165uje hlavn\u00ed koordinaci programu a \u00fadr\u017ebu zdrojov\u00fdch knihoven modelu.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">ALADIN je od sv\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku zalo\u017een na principu v\u011bdeck\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje ka\u017ed\u00e9mu \u010dlenovi aktivn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvat k rozvoji spole\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a sd\u00edlet modern\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 postupy a technologie. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b kapacita spole\u010dn\u00e9ho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho t\u00fdmu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 sedmdes\u00e1ti \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdm odborn\u00edk\u016fm pracuj\u00edc\u00edm na pln\u00fd \u00favazek, a takov\u00fd t\u00fdm by si t\u011b\u017eko mohly dovolit jednotliv\u00e9 st\u00e1ry, obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ty mal\u00e9. Pro \u010desk\u00fd t\u00fdm a pro \u010deskou meteorologii obecn\u011b je velmi pot\u011b\u0161iteln\u00e9, \u017ee se z hlediska p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku do v\u00fdvoje spole\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu nach\u00e1z\u00ed hned na druh\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b za M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd princip \u00fa\u010dasti na v\u011bdeck\u00e9m a technick\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji byl nepochybn\u011b atraktivn\u00ed pro konsorcium HIRLAM, kter\u00e9 podepsalo smlouvu o spolupr\u00e1ci s konsorciem ALADIN v roce 2005. Ob\u011b konsorcia nyn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed s\u00edlu celkem dvaceti \u0161esti zemi, a to spolu s logistickou podporou ECMWF, znamen\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1klad pro dal\u0161\u00ed budouc\u00ed rozvoj tohoto syst\u00e9mu. Spole\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed obou konsorci\u00ed z\u00edskalo n\u00e1zev HARMONIE (Hirlam Aladin Regional Meso-scale Operational NWP In Euromed).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159ed numerickou p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed stoj\u00ed v budoucnu zna\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fakoly. Se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm se rozli\u0161en\u00edm model\u016f vstupujeme do m\u00e1lo prozkouman\u00e9ho prostoru \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b, ale nikoliv pln\u011b rozli\u0161en\u00fdch proces\u016f, jako jsou konvekce a turbulence. Sou\u010dasn\u011b \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem nar\u016fst\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed nekonven\u010dn\u00edch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z radaru a dru\u017eic, kter\u00e9 je pot\u0159eba asimilovat pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed co nejlep\u0161\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f. D\u00e1le logicky nar\u016fst\u00e1 tlak ve\u0159ejnosti na zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a konstrukce probabilistick\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kde je numerick\u00fd p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed syst\u00e9m jedn\u00edm z d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f cel\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce nezbytn\u00fdch krok\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159ejme si tedy spole\u010dn\u011b, aby rozvoj syst\u00e9mu ALADIN pokra\u010doval i nad\u00e1le podle dobr\u00fdch princip\u016f, na kter\u00fdch vznikl, a abychom tak spole\u010dnou investic\u00ed zajistili vysokou \u00farove\u0148 kvality na\u0161eho opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a tvorby produktu pro mnohostrann\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed ve v\u0161ech \u010dinnostech modern\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, s\u00a0c\u00edlem co mo\u017en\u00e1 nejv\u00edce zm\u00edrnit rizika spojen\u00e1 s po\u010das\u00edm a podneb\u00edm.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Foto: P\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 \u0161estn\u00e1cti meteorologick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb p\u0159i podpisu memoranda konsorcia ALADIN. Foto O. \u0160uvarinov\u00e1.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Radmila Bro\u017ekov\u00e1, MZ 2011\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 64, str. 30\u201331<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dne 15. prosince 2010, za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti n\u00e1m\u011bstkyn\u011b ministra \u017divotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Rut B\u00edzkov\u00e9, bylo slavnostn\u011b podeps\u00e1no ji\u017e \u010dtvrt\u00e9 memorandum o porozum\u011bn\u00ed konsorcia ALADIN. Toto memorandum bude na dal\u0161\u00edch p\u011bt let zaji\u0161\u0165ovat [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13282","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13282"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13282\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13286,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13282\/revisions\/13286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}