{"id":13155,"date":"2025-01-22T17:03:13","date_gmt":"2025-01-22T16:03:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=13155"},"modified":"2025-01-22T17:03:48","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T16:03:48","slug":"operativni-hydrologie-pred-vznikem-hydrometeorologickeho-ustavu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/operativni-hydrologie-pred-vznikem-hydrometeorologickeho-ustavu\/","title":{"rendered":"OPERATIVN\u00cd HYDROLOGIE P\u0158ED VZNIKEM HYDROMETEOROLOGICK\u00c9HO \u00daSTAVU"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"13155\" class=\"elementor elementor-13155\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4bda297 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4bda297\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e7d1d6\" data-id=\"2e7d1d6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0da79d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0da79d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V tomto roce slav\u00edme 50. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, kter\u00fd byl z\u0159\u00edzen vl\u00e1dn\u00edm na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm \u010d. 96 ze dne 27. 11. 1953 s \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed od 1. 1. 1954 jako \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fastav pro obory meteorologie, klimatologie a hydrologie. T\u00edm byly poprv\u00e9 v celost\u00e1tn\u00edm (\u010deskoslovensk\u00e9m) m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku v\u010dlen\u011bny do jedin\u00e9 instituce hydrologie a meteorologie jako dva obory bl\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011btem zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed i sv\u00fdm uplatn\u011bn\u00edm a vytvo\u0159eny lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady pro hodnocen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje interdisciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup [1]. Proto\u017ee \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i Meteorologick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v znaj\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b l\u00e9pe v\u00fdvoj meteorologick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, soust\u0159e\u010fujeme se na minulost jeho hydrologick\u00e9 slo\u017eky, jej\u00ed\u017e metodick\u00fd a v\u011bdeck\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos pro evropskou hydrologii byl pozoruhodn\u00fd. Historii hydrologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby na Slovensku se v\u011bnuje nov\u00e1 publikace I. Panenky a kol. [2].<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V \u010cech\u00e1ch organizovan\u00e1 hydrologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba zah\u00e1jila \u010dinnost v roce 1875, kdy\u017e v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm roce byla rozhodnut\u00edm \u010cesk\u00e9ho sn\u011bmu z\u0159\u00edzena Hydrografick\u00e1 komise pro Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 se dv\u011bma sekcemi &#8211; hydrometrickou a ombrografickou. Pat\u0159ila k nejstar\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e9ho druhu na sv\u011bt\u011b a stala se i p\u0159edlohou C. k. \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed hydrografick\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e p\u0159i Ministerstvu vnitra ve V\u00eddni zalo\u017een\u00e9 o 18 let pozd\u011bji, v roce 1893. Podle Organiza\u010dn\u00edho statutu hydrografick\u00e9 slu\u017eby v Rakousku z roku 1894 byla kancel\u00e1\u0159 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm org\u00e1nem s funkc\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed, metodickou, posudkovou a publika\u010dn\u00ed, zat\u00edmco hydrologick\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm, pr\u016fzkumem i p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017ebou se m\u011bla zab\u00fdvat hydrografick\u00e1 odd\u011blen\u00ed z\u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 p\u0159i stavebn\u00edch odborech zemsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f, v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch tedy v Praze (pro povod\u00ed Labe), Brn\u011b (pro povod\u00ed Moravy) a Opav\u011b (pro povod\u00ed Odry).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Uveden\u00fd model rozd\u011blen\u00ed hydrologick\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed byl zachov\u00e1n i po vzniku \u010ceskoslovenska, kdy \u00fakoly \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed hydrologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby p\u0159evzal od rakousk\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav hydrologick\u00fd z\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd 19. 12. 1919 a podl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed Ministerstvu ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prac\u00ed. Byl pov\u011b\u0159en v\u011bdeck\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem vod ovzdu\u0161n\u00fdch, povrchov\u00fdch a podzemn\u00edch, a po roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed sv\u00e9ho programu v roce 1930 zm\u011bnil n\u00e1zev na St\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u00fastavy hydrologick\u00fd a hydrotechnick\u00fd T. G. Masaryka (od 9. 1. 1951 V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd) [3]. Usm\u011br\u0148oval \u010dinnost hydrologick\u00fdch odd\u011blen\u00ed zemsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f a zpracov\u00e1val v\u00fdsledky jejich pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kraj\u016f nam\u00edsto zem\u00ed dne 1. 1. 1949 se b\u00fdval\u00e1 zemsk\u00e1 hydrografick\u00e1 odd\u011blen\u00ed v Praze a Brn\u011b zm\u011bnila v odd\u011blen\u00ed technick\u00fdch refer\u00e1t\u016f KNV. Vyhl\u00e1\u0161kou ministra stavebn\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu \u010d. 234 z 16. 8. 1952 byla v\u0161ak hydrologick\u00e1 a hydrografick\u00e1 slu\u017eba p\u0159esunuta z KNV do Vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho a investi\u010dn\u00edho st\u0159ediska, z\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho vyhl\u00e1\u0161kou t\u00e9ho\u017e ministra \u010d. 191 z 16. 7. 1952. St\u0159edisko s\u00eddl\u00edc\u00ed v Praze a s pobo\u010dkami v Brn\u011b a Ostrav\u011b m\u011blo \u0161irokou pracovn\u00ed n\u00e1pl\u0148, plnilo tak\u00e9 dvoj\u00ed \u00fakoly operativn\u00ed hydrologie: hydrologickou a hydrografickou slu\u017ebu zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed i dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed St\u00e1tn\u00edho vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu a vypracov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed podklad\u016f pro v\u0161echny vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 pot\u0159eby a d\u00e1le n\u00e1v\u011b\u0161tn\u00ed, p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed a hl\u00e1snou slu\u017ebu pro pot\u0159eby plavby, p\u0159i povodn\u00edch, odchodech ledu apod. Vznikem HM\u00da v roce 1954 se pracovi\u0161t\u011b operativn\u00ed hydrologie stala sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nov\u00e9ho \u00fastavu.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Literatura<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[1] HLADN\u00dd, J. &#8211; RAK, J., 1984: V\u00fdznam vztahu meteorologie a hydrologie v \u010dinnosti hydrometeorologick\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f. Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 37, \u010d. 4, s.98-100.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[2] PANENKA, I. a kol., 2003: Obr\u00e1zky z novodobej historie hydrologickej slu\u017eby na Slovensku. 1. vyd. Bratislava: SHM\u00da. 128 s.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[3] V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd. Historie &#8211; sou\u010dasnost &#8211; perspektivy, 1990. Praha: V\u00daV v SZN. 120 s.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka, MZ 2004\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 57, str. 10<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V tomto roce slav\u00edme 50. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, kter\u00fd byl z\u0159\u00edzen vl\u00e1dn\u00edm na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm \u010d. 96 ze dne 27. 11. 1953 s \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed od 1. 1. 1954 jako \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fastav pro [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13155","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13155","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13155"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13155\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13159,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13155\/revisions\/13159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13155"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}