{"id":12456,"date":"2025-01-12T12:01:06","date_gmt":"2025-01-12T11:01:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=12456"},"modified":"2025-01-12T12:03:35","modified_gmt":"2025-01-12T11:03:35","slug":"konference-o-povodni-na-vltave-v-praze-pred-100-lety-dne-4-zari-1890","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/konference-o-povodni-na-vltave-v-praze-pred-100-lety-dne-4-zari-1890\/","title":{"rendered":"Konference o povodni na Vltav\u011b v\u00a0Praze p\u0159ed 100 lety dne 4. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1890"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12456\" class=\"elementor elementor-12456\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9267bf6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9267bf6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c976f71\" data-id=\"c976f71\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d2d903 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d2d903\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">P\u0159esn\u011b za 100 let po v\u00fdskytu katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povodn\u011b na Vltav\u011b v\u00a0Praze se zde konala ve dnech 4. a\u017e 6. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1990 celost\u00e1tn\u00ed konference o povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ochran\u011b Prahy. Tato povode\u0148 m\u00e1 dosti v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vztah k\u00a0meteorologick\u00e9 problematice, a to zejm\u00e9na k\u00a0prvn\u00edmu \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9mu profesoru meteorologie na UK F. Augustinovi (viz MZ ro\u010dn\u00edky 1948, 1949 a 1959). Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem konference je upozornit na dosud nedostate\u010dnou povod\u0148ovou ochranu Prahy, kde by v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b opakov\u00e1n\u00ed podobn\u00e9 \u017eiveln\u00e9 pohromy do\u0161lo k\u00a0miliardov\u00fdm \u0161kod\u00e1m. Pozornost byla t\u00e9\u017e v\u011bnov\u00e1na vlivu vltavsk\u00e9 kask\u00e1dy na sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed kulmina\u010dn\u00edch pr\u016ftok\u016f, kter\u00fd se v\u00a0laick\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti v\u00a0d\u016fsledku d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch neseri\u00f3zn\u00edch novinov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f zna\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ece\u0148oval. To, \u017ee se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch od dob dobudov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to kask\u00e1dy nevyskytla velk\u00e1 voda s\u00a0kulmina\u010dn\u00edm pr\u016ftokem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 20let\u00fd pr\u016ftok, tj. opakuj\u00edc\u00edm se v\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9m pr\u016fm\u011bru jednou za 20 let, nen\u00ed zp\u016fsobeno vlivem velk\u00fdch p\u0159ehrad (Lipno, Orl\u00edk, Slapy), n\u00fdbr\u017e jak\u00fdmsi \u201emeteorologick\u00fdm \u0161t\u011bst\u00edm\u201c. Za tuto dobu toti\u017e nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 kombinaci n\u011bkolika pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch d\u011bj\u016f: v\u00a0zim\u011b a na ja\u0159e k\u00a0prudk\u00e9mu t\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch z\u00e1sob vody ve sn\u011bhov\u00e9 pokr\u00fdvce p\u0159i d\u00e9letrvaj\u00edc\u00ed oblev\u011b sou\u010dasn\u011b se siln\u00fdm v\u011btrem a de\u0161tiv\u00fdm po\u010das\u00edm, v\u00a0letn\u00edm obdob\u00ed pak k\u00a0n\u011bkolikadenn\u00edm intenz\u00edvn\u00edm de\u0161\u0165\u016fm do velmi nasycen\u00e9ho povod\u00ed Vltavy z\u00a0p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho obdob\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nku V. Kakose a B. Kulasov\u00e9 v\u011bnovan\u00e9m z\u00e1\u0159ijov\u00e9 povodni 1890 (je publikov\u00e1n v\u00a0\u010dasopise Vodn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, 1990, \u010d. 7) je p\u0159i rozboru p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinn\u00fdch intenzivn\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek ve dnech 1. a\u017e 4. 9. 1890 a p\u0159edchoz\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek za m\u011bs\u00edc srpen 1890 dok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee \u0161lo vskutku o kombinaci extr\u00e9mn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 intenzity dlouhodob\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek a mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 nasycenosti povod\u00ed (na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech to byl t\u0159et\u00ed nejde\u0161tiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed srpen od roku 1875 a\u017e dodnes). Pro povod\u00ed Vltavy po Prahu byla doba opakov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddenn\u00edho sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9ho \u00fahrnu ve dnech 1. a\u017e. 3. 9., kdy nejv\u00edce pr\u0161elo (pro \u010dty\u0159denn\u00ed \u00fahrny nejsou \u00fadaje dosud statisticky zpracov\u00e1ny) odhadnuta asi na 200 let pro povod\u00ed horn\u00ed Vltavy s\u00a0Mal\u0161\u00ed na 500 let. (Toto hodnocen\u00ed bylo provedeno na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy \u010cHM\u00da z\u00a0roku 1986 zpracovan\u00e9 B. Kulasovou).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00e9 \u00fadaje pro hodnocen\u00ed n\u00e1sledovan\u00e9 povodn\u011b byly sice \u010derp\u00e1ny z\u00a0ro\u010denek de\u0161\u0165om\u011brn\u00fdch a vodom\u011brn\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech k\u00a0dispozici ji\u017e od roku 1875, av\u0161ak pro zevrubn\u00fd popis povodn\u011b a rovn\u011b\u017e tak pro rozbor pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed situace se stala nepostradatelnou pom\u011brn\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 publikace F. Augustina Povode\u0148 v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch roku 1890 (35 stran). Bez t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ce \u2013 pr\u016fkopnick\u00e9ho d\u00edla v\u00a0oboru hydrometeorologie v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed literatu\u0159e \u2013 by bylo mo\u017eno pr\u016fb\u011bh t\u00e9to povodn\u011b jen st\u011b\u017e\u00ed zrekonstruovat. \u00dakolem p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku je proto p\u0159ipomenout velk\u00e9 z\u00e1sluhy tohoto velice piln\u00e9ho v\u011bdce (napsal p\u0159es 100 publikac\u00ed), a to nejen jako nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho meteorologa v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch na p\u0159elomu 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e i jako odborn\u00edka v\u00a0hydrologii. Tato skute\u010dnost byla v dosud zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch o F. Augustinovi v\u00a0MZ pon\u011bkud opomenuta. Tento profesor, zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se t\u00e9\u017e ot\u00e1zkami agrometeorologie, napsal mj. pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed o pr\u016ftoc\u00edch a teplot\u00e1ch vody na Vltav\u011b v\u00a0Praze.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Proto\u017ee p\u0159ed 100 lety je\u0161t\u011b nebyly k\u00a0dispozici v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed mapy termobarick\u00fdch pol\u00ed, nepoda\u0159ilo se Augustinovi odhalit hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu \u010dty\u0159denn\u00edch trval\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f p\u0159i tzv. \u201est\u0159ihov\u00e9m\u201c po\u010das\u00ed, spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0existenci velmi pomalu postupuj\u00edc\u00ed termicky asymetrick\u00e9 cykl\u00f3ny, jej\u00ed\u017e st\u0159ed nebyl ve v\u0161ech term\u00ednech 1. a\u017e 4. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1890 na p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edch map\u00e1ch patrn\u00fd. (T\u00edmto probl\u00e9mem se v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed literatu\u0159e mnohem pozd\u011bji zab\u00fdval a\u017e J. Br\u00e1dka). Ov\u0161em sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed orograficky n\u00e1v\u011btrn\u00fd efekt \u0160umavy a Novohradsk\u00fdch hor v\u00a0ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch p\u0159i severn\u00edm proud\u011bn\u00ed byl Augustinovi pochopiteln\u011b zn\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na z\u00e1v\u011br je vhodn\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b poznamenat, \u017ee nejen p\u0159i rozboru mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch a\u017e extr\u00e9mn\u00edch hydrologick\u00fdch situac\u00ed (povodn\u00ed a sucha), n\u00fdbr\u017e i v\u00a0jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je nutn\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u0161estrann\u00e9m a d\u016fkladn\u00e9m studiu vyu\u017e\u00edvat prac\u00ed star\u0161\u00edch autor\u016f. Mnoh\u00e9 z\u00a0nich bohu\u017eel le\u017e\u00ed dlouho nepov\u0161imnuty v\u00a0prachu knihoven a archiv\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Vilibald Kakos, MZ 1990\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 43, str. 159\u2013160<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159esn\u011b za 100 let po v\u00fdskytu katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povodn\u011b na Vltav\u011b v\u00a0Praze se zde konala ve dnech 4. a\u017e 6. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1990 celost\u00e1tn\u00ed konference o povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ochran\u011b Prahy. Tato povode\u0148 m\u00e1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12456","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12456","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12456"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12456\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12460,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12456\/revisions\/12460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12456"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}