{"id":12249,"date":"2025-01-09T19:10:58","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T18:10:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=12249"},"modified":"2025-01-09T19:11:59","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T18:11:59","slug":"nejstarsi-zobrazeni-plosneho-rozlozeni-srazek-na-morave-a-ve-slezsku","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/nejstarsi-zobrazeni-plosneho-rozlozeni-srazek-na-morave-a-ve-slezsku\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejstar\u0161\u00ed zobrazen\u00ed plo\u0161n\u00e9ho rozlo\u017een\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek na Morav\u011b a ve Slezsku"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12249\" class=\"elementor elementor-12249\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a3a89ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a3a89ce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8283ba5\" data-id=\"8283ba5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3df1bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c3df1bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V d\u011bjin\u00e1ch moravsk\u00e9 meteorologie zauj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 m\u00edsto zased\u00e1n\u00ed Moravsko-slezsk\u00e9ho lesnick\u00e9ho spolku, sekce Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 se konalo ve Fr\u00fddlantu nad Ostravic\u00ed v roce 1880. Na n\u011bm Johann Jackl, vrchn\u00ed Iesmistr z Krom\u011b\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, inicioval podle vzoru z \u010cech roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b sr\u00e1\u017eek, tak\u00e9 na Morav\u011b a ve Slezsku. Pro zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed stanic z\u00edskal podporu olomouck\u00e9ho biskupstv\u00ed i \u0161lechty a jeho snahy uv\u00edtala tak\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed administrativa, je\u017e se p\u0159ipravovala na regulaci \u0159ek. Proto byla v P\u0159\u00edrodozpytn\u00e9m spolku s\u00eddl\u00edc\u00edm v Brn\u011b vytvo\u0159ena meteorologick\u00e1 komise, s n\u00ed\u017e spolupracoval krom\u011b jin\u00fdch Moravsk\u00fd zemsk\u00fd stavebn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad. Komise si vytkla za \u00fakol organizovat pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a zve\u0159ej\u0148ovat jeho v\u00fdsledky. Obsa\u017en\u00e9 ro\u010denky pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed za roky 1881 a\u017e 1911, kter\u00e9 vydala s finan\u010dn\u00ed podporou zemsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdboru Markrabstv\u00ed moravsk\u00e9ho v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m, pozd\u011bji \u010desk\u00e9m jazyce pod redakc\u00ed profesor\u016f brn\u011bnsk\u00e9 techniky Gustava von Niessla z Mayerdorfu a Artura Szarvassiho, jsou pozoruhodn\u00fdm d\u00edlem velk\u00e9 faktografick\u00e9 ceny a \u0161irok\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Tabulkovou \u010d\u00e1st ro\u010denek od jejich prvn\u00edho \u010d\u00edsla dopl\u0148ovaly mapov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edlohy, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se hlavn\u011b geografick\u00e9ho rozlo\u017een\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed ro\u010denkov\u00e9 mapy sestaven\u00e9 v\u017edy pro dv\u011b ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed zobrazovaly mno\u017estv\u00ed spadl\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek pomoc\u00ed obd\u00e9ln\u00edk\u016f s r\u016fzn\u00fdm \u0161rafov\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 byly um\u00edst\u011bny v bl\u00edzkosti p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 stanice. Na obr. 1 obd\u00e9ln\u00edky orientovan\u00e9 vodorovn\u011b vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 \u00fahrny l\u00e9ta 1881, obd\u00e9ln\u00edky orientovan\u00e9 svisle podzimn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky t\u00e9ho\u017e roku. \u0160ipky ud\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed sm\u011br v\u011btru, u n\u011bkter\u00fdch stanic je uvedena i pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 sezonn\u00ed teplota vzduchu. Popsan\u00e9 zn\u00e1zorn\u011bni sr\u00e1\u017eek, kter\u00e9 bylo vynuceno neznalost\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti sr\u00e1\u017eek na nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce, bylo nep\u0159ehledn\u00e9 a nepraktick\u00e9. Z toho d\u016fvodu na p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed vodohospod\u00e1\u0159\u016f za\u010dali tv\u016frci ro\u010denek po\u010d\u00ednaje svazkem za rok 1890 zobrazovat sr\u00e1\u017eky pomoc\u00ed izohyet a plochy mezi nimi vyzna\u010dovat rozli\u010dnou \u0161rafurou (obr. 2), k reli\u00e9fu krajiny v\u0161ak nemohlo b\u00fdt je\u0161t\u011b dosti p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eeno. Mapy za\u010daly b\u00fdt sestavov\u00e1ny odd\u011blen\u011b pro \u010dty\u0159i ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed a rok.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ro\u010denek P\u0159\u00edrodozpytn\u00e9ho spolku z let 1883\u20131902 vyu\u017eil ke zhodnocen\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f Moravy a Slezska Hermann Schindler, kter\u00fd v roce 1904 vyhotovil prvn\u00ed klimatologickou mapu sr\u00e1\u017eek uveden\u00fdch zem\u00ed [5]. Z\u00e1vislost sr\u00e1\u017eek na nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce podrobn\u011bji studoval a\u017e F. \u0158\u00edkovsk\u00fd [3, 4].<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Obr. 1 Uk\u00e1zka mapy sr\u00e1\u017eek (l\u00e9to a podzim 1881) u prvn\u00ed ro\u010denky P\u0159\u00edrodozpytn\u00e9ho spolku v Brn\u011b (vlevo)<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Obr. 2 Uk\u00e1zka mapy izohyet (l\u00e9to 1890) z ro\u010denky P\u0159irodozpytn\u00e9ho spolku v Brn\u011b (vpravo)<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Literatura<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[1] Bericht der meteorologischen Commission des naturforschenden Vereines in Briinn tiber die Ergebnisse der meteorologischen Beobachtungen im Jahre 1881, 1882. Br\u00fcnn: Verlag des Vereines. 132 s. + p\u0159\u00edl.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[2] X. Bericht der meteorologischen Commission des naturforschenden Vereines in Br\u00fcnn. Ergebnisse der meteorologischen Beobachtungen im Jahre 1890, 1892. Br\u00fcnn: Verlag des Vereines. 176 s. + p\u0159\u00edl.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[3] \u0158\u00cdkovsk\u00fd F., 1925. Vliv tv\u00e1\u0159nosti p\u016fdy na sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 pom\u011bry na Morav\u011b a v na\u0161em Slezsku. Sborn\u00edk \u010ds. spole\u010dnosti zem\u011bpisn\u00e9, sv. 31, s. 163.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[4] \u0158\u00cdkovsk\u00fd F., 1926. Vztah mezi atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdmi sr\u00e1\u017ekami a nadmo\u0159skou v\u00fd\u0161kou na Morav\u011b a ve Slezsku. Spisy vyd\u00e1van\u00e9 P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeckou fakultou Masarykovy university, \u010d. 78. 15 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[5] Schindler, H.: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Niederschlags verh\u00e4ltnisse M\u00e4hrens und Schlesiens, 1904. Br\u00fcnn: Verlag des naturforschenden Vereines. 13 s. + p\u0159\u00edl.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Karel Kr\u0161ka \u2013 V\u00e1clav Vlas\u00e1k, MZ 2007\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 60, str. 127\u2013128<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V d\u011bjin\u00e1ch moravsk\u00e9 meteorologie zauj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 m\u00edsto zased\u00e1n\u00ed Moravsko-slezsk\u00e9ho lesnick\u00e9ho spolku, sekce Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 se konalo ve Fr\u00fddlantu nad Ostravic\u00ed v roce 1880. Na n\u011bm Johann Jackl, vrchn\u00ed Iesmistr [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12249","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12249"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12253,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12249\/revisions\/12253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}