{"id":12241,"date":"2025-01-09T19:05:31","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T18:05:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=12241"},"modified":"2025-01-09T19:06:56","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T18:06:56","slug":"nejvetsi-historicka-prutrz-mracen-25-26-kvetna-1872-v-ceskych-zemich","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/nejvetsi-historicka-prutrz-mracen-25-26-kvetna-1872-v-ceskych-zemich\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed historick\u00e1 pr\u016ftr\u017e mra\u010den 25. \u2013 26. kv\u011btna 1872 v \u010cesk\u00fdch zem\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12241\" class=\"elementor elementor-12241\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-71e16c2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"71e16c2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-204cacb\" data-id=\"204cacb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb4e1b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fb4e1b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d1aa68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d1aa68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed historick\u00e1 pr\u016ftr\u017e mra\u010den 25. \u2013 26. kv\u011btna 1872 v \u010cesk\u00fdch zem\u00edch s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdmi povodn\u011bmi v povod\u00ed Berounky a vznikem Mladotick\u00e9ho hrazen\u00e9ho jezera<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d727895 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d727895\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">(doc. RNDr. Bohum\u00edr J\u00e1nsk\u00fd, Miloslav M\u00fcller, RNDr. Vilibald Kakos), sylabus p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky konan\u00e9 v\u00a0Praze 28. 5. 2002)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Bou\u0159kov\u00e9 pr\u016ftr\u017ee mra\u010den v\u00a0posledn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch 25. 5. 1872, trvaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edsty s\u00a0bezde\u0161tn\u00fdmi p\u0159est\u00e1vkami a\u017e p\u0159es p\u016flnoc n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho dne, postihly neobvykle rozs\u00e1hlou oblast asi 500 km<sup>2<\/sup> z\u00e1padn\u011b od Prahy vymezenou p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b m\u011bsty Plzn\u00ed, P\u0159\u00edbram\u00ed, Berounem, Louny a Karlov\u00fdmi Vary. Podle historick\u00fdch pramen\u016f zp\u016fsobily nejni\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1hlou p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed pohromu na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR za posledn\u00edch nejm\u00e9n\u011b 500 let s\u00a0337 ob\u011b\u0165mi na lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivotech p\u0159i n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch katastrof\u00e1ln\u00edch povodn\u00edch na doln\u00ed Berounce a jejich p\u0159\u00edtoc\u00edch a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b v\u00a0povod\u00ed Oh\u0159e. V\u00a0d\u016fsledku sesuvu svah\u016f vzniklo na Mladotick\u00e9m potoce u obce Odlezly (okres Plze\u0148-sever) hrazen\u00e9 jezero jako jedin\u00e9 s\u00a0dobou vzniku v\u00a0posledn\u00edch tis\u00edcilet\u00edch na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed. Na dvou lokalit\u00e1ch byly zaznamen\u00e1ny a\u017e dosud nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 intenzity sr\u00e1\u017eek v\u00a0\u010cR, a to v\u00a0Mladonic\u00edch (bl\u00edzko Odlezelsk\u00e9ho jezera) 237 mm asi za 1 hodinu a 289 mm asi za 10 a\u017e 15 hodin v\u00a0M\u011bcholupech (6 km ji\u017en\u011b od \u017datce), kter\u00e9 le\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0klimaticky nejsu\u0161\u0161\u00ed oblasti na\u0161eho st\u00e1tu s\u00a0malou nadmo\u0159skou v\u00fd\u0161kou. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho dostupn\u00e9ho archivn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu z\u00a0n\u011bkolika stanic v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch (pr\u016fb\u011bh po\u010das\u00ed, tlaku, teploty, vlhkosti, sm\u011bru a rychlosti v\u011btru), podrobn\u00fdch klementinsk\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 ro\u010denky, rakousk\u00fdch velmi zjednodu\u0161en\u00fdch synoptick\u00fdch map a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed mnoha laick\u00fdch pozorovatel\u016f v\u00a0posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti dle liter\u00e1rn\u00edch pramen\u016f bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee se tato oblast nach\u00e1zela ve studen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pom\u011brn\u011b hlubok\u00e9 cyklony, jej\u00ed\u017e st\u0159ed postupoval pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b velmi zvolna ji\u017en\u011b od Plzn\u011b a Prahy d\u00e1le k\u00a0severov\u00fdchodu a\u017e v\u00fdchodu. Dle celkov\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy uveden\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f z\u00a0n\u011bkolika p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch dn\u016f p\u0159ed 25. kv\u011btnem a dne n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho s\u00a0uv\u00e1\u017een\u00edm i m\u00edsty dosti podrobn\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed tahu oblak\u016f a postupu bou\u0159ek a\u017e s\u00a0extr\u00e9mn\u00edmi projevy (pr\u016ftr\u017ee mra\u010den, siln\u00e1 krupobit\u00ed, ork\u00e1nov\u00e9 n\u00e1razy v\u011btru, \u00fapln\u00e9 setm\u011bn\u00ed za dne, nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9 h\u0159m\u011bn\u00ed) p\u0159evl\u00e1dal v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu 25. 5. v\u00fdrazn\u00fd vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u0159ih v\u011btru ve sm\u011bru (v ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch hladin\u00e1ch sm\u011br severov\u00fdchodn\u00ed, ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch hladin\u00e1ch jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed). Anal\u00fdza tohoto p\u0159\u00edpadu nazna\u010duje, \u017ee st\u0159ih v\u011btru m\u016f\u017ee neobvykle v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm front\u00e1ln\u00edm rozhran\u00edm (kter\u00e9 bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no nad \u00fazem\u00edm \u010cech nap\u0159. mezi Chebem a \u0160umavou) v\u00a0oblasti pobl\u00ed\u017e st\u0159edu cyklony p\u016fsobit velice p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b jako spou\u0161t\u011bc\u00ed mechanismus pro vznik mohutn\u00e9 organizovan\u00e9 konvektivn\u00ed obla\u010dnosti s\u00a0opakovan\u00fdm v\u00fdskytem siln\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f nad ur\u010ditou lokalitou.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ce bylo tak\u00e9 provedeno srovn\u00e1n\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch intenzit v\u00a0roce 1872 s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi sv\u011btov\u00fdmi extr\u00e9my je\u0161t\u011b s\u00a0mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi intenzitami, kter\u00e9 se vyskytly v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech USA, v\u00a0d\u016fsledku rozd\u00edln\u00fdch aerologicko-synoptick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Vilibald Kakos, V\u011bstn\u00edk \u010cMeS 2002\/1, \u010derven 2002<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed historick\u00e1 pr\u016ftr\u017e mra\u010den 25. \u2013 26. kv\u011btna 1872 v \u010cesk\u00fdch zem\u00edch s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdmi povodn\u011bmi v povod\u00ed Berounky a vznikem Mladotick\u00e9ho hrazen\u00e9ho jezera (doc. RNDr. Bohum\u00edr J\u00e1nsk\u00fd, Miloslav M\u00fcller, RNDr. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12241","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12241","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12241"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12241\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12245,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12241\/revisions\/12245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}