{"id":12179,"date":"2025-01-09T17:24:38","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T16:24:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=12179"},"modified":"2025-01-09T17:26:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T16:26:19","slug":"tricet-let-statniho-ustavu-geofyzikalniho","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/tricet-let-statniho-ustavu-geofyzikalniho\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u0159icet let St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12179\" class=\"elementor elementor-12179\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0a14fcf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0a14fcf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-715dd5c\" data-id=\"715dd5c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd6e10f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd6e10f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V posledn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku uplynulo ji\u017e 30 let vzniku St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edho v Praze. Nen\u00ed sice je\u0161t\u011b doba d\u00e1vno minul\u00e1, av\u0161ak t\u011bch 30 let m\u016f\u017ee znamenati pro v\u00fdvoj a budov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho \u00fastavu mnoho klad\u016f i z\u00e1por\u016f a nebude proto jist\u011b na \u0161kodu, p\u0159ipomeneme-li si alespo\u0148 stru\u010dn\u011b historii a \u010dinnost \u00fastavu tomto \u00fadob\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav geofysik\u00e1ln\u00ed je samostatn\u00fd v\u011bdeck\u00fd \u00fastav podl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo ministerstvu \u0161kolstv\u00ed, v\u011bd a um\u011bn\u00ed. Zalo\u00ad\u017een byl v\u00fdnosem tehdej\u0161\u00edho ministerstva \u0161kolstv\u00ed a osv\u011bty ze dne 29. prosince 1920. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sluhy o zalo\u00ad\u017een\u00ed \u00fastavu m\u011bl jeho prvn\u00ed \u0159editel, v\u00fdte\u010dn\u00fd a v\u0161estrann\u00fd geofysik univ. prof. Dr V\u00e1clav L\u00e1ska (1862\u20141943).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00da\u010del zalo\u017een\u00ed a v\u00fdznam \u00fastavu plyne z jeho \u010detn\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f, z nich\u017e p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jmenujeme: Organizov\u00e1n\u00ed, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed soustavn\u00fdch geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed celost\u00e1tn\u00edho v\u00fdznamu, konstrukce a vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edch map, studium a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00fdch si\u00adv\u00fdch pol\u00ed zemsk\u00fdch (magnetick\u00e9, t\u00edhov\u00e9, elektrick\u00e9, seismick\u00e9), badatelsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce v oboru geofysiky, geofysik\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 na\u0161emu st\u00e1tu v r\u00e1mci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch \u00famluv, z\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed a veden\u00ed geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edch observato\u0159\u00ed, \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f praktick\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu, zejm\u00e9na aplikov\u00e1n\u00ed metod u\u017eit\u00e9 geofysiky p\u0159i vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch surovinov\u00fdch z\u00e1kladen, konstrukce geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, \u0161kolen\u00ed a vychov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edho orostu atd. Z tohoto ne\u00fapln\u00e9ho v\u00fd\u010dtu vid\u00edme, \u017ee z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f m\u011bl nov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00fd \u00fastav opravdu hodn\u011b a ka\u017ed\u00fd by o\u010dek\u00e1val, \u017ee byl jist\u011b podle toho hned na po\u010d\u00e1tku \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b po v\u0161ech str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch vybaven. Bohu\u017eel tomu tak nebylo. Od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku \u00fastav z\u00e1pasil s nedostatkem p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, m\u00edstnost\u00ed i odborn\u00e9ho a pomocn\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu. Nic nepomohlo, \u017ee v \u010dele \u00fastavu st\u00e1l \u010dlov\u011bk takov\u00fdch kvalit, jako byl L\u00e1ska, geofysik sv\u011btov\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na. Velmi \u010dasto nenach\u00e1zel pochopen\u00ed pro sv\u00e9 snahy na kompetentn\u00edch m\u00edstech a tak musel \u00fastav svou \u010dinnost omezovat do r\u00e1mce sv\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch, materi\u00e1ln\u00edch a person\u00e1ln\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed. Je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee v t\u011bchto t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch \u00fastavu pracoval zde v letech 1922\u20141925 je\u0161t\u011b druh\u00fd geofysik sv\u011btov\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu, geomagnetik univ. prof. Dr Josef Liznar (1852\u20141932).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nedostatku odborn\u00fdch sil \u010delil L\u00e1ska t\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, \u017ee z\u00edsk\u00e1val pro \u00fastav extern\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 spolupracovn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed bu\u010f za jeho \u00fa\u010dasti, nebo s jeho radou provedli \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u0159ady speci\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edch. Tyto pr\u00e1ce najdeme oti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161inou v \u00fastavn\u00edch Ro\u010denk\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">O liknavosti a nez\u00e1jmu nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch m\u00edst sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed t\u00e9\u017e tak\u00e9 okolnost, \u017ee prozat\u00edmn\u00ed statut samostatn\u00e9ho St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edho je teprve z dubna 1929 a v systemizaci je pamatov\u00e1no na v\u0161echny \u00fakoly \u00fastavu pouze dv\u011bma m\u00edsty pro v\u011bdeck\u00e9 s\u00edly, a to v nejni\u017e\u0161 \u00ed m platov\u00e9m stupni. Je pochopiteln\u00e9, \u017ee bylo t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ob\u00adsadit tato dv\u011b m\u00edsta, proto\u017ee nebyla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 nad\u011bje na postup a poda\u0159ilo se to teprve v dob\u011b hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 krise.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">N\u00e1stupcem L\u00e1skov\u00fdm po jeho odchodu na trval\u00fd od\u00adpo\u010dinek se stal v roce 1933 jeho bl\u00edzk\u00fd spolupracovn\u00edk univ. prof. Dr Bed\u0159ich \u0160alamon (* 1880), kter\u00fd stoj\u00ed v \u010dele \u00fastavu dosud. V t\u00e9to dob\u011b vyv\u00edj\u00ed \u00fastav svou hlavn\u00ed \u010dinnost p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v oboru seismiky a geomagnetismu. Je budov\u00e1na \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed pra\u017esk\u00e1 seismick\u00e1 stanice, ke kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bny pobo\u010dn\u00e1 stanice v Chebu, Star\u00e9 \u010eale (nyn\u00ed Hurbanovo) a U\u017ehorod\u011b, a m\u00edsto zru\u0161en\u00e9 geomagnetick\u00e9 observato\u0159e v pra\u017esk\u00e9m Klementinu, neregistruj\u00edc\u00ed ji\u017e od roku 1927, bylo zapo\u010dato se stavbou nov\u00e9 geomagnetick\u00e9 varia\u010dn\u00ed stanice v obo\u0159e v Pr\u016fhonic\u00edch u Prahy. Rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00fd invent\u00e1\u0159 \u00fastavu v t\u00e9to dob\u011b vzr\u016fst\u00e1 a s p\u0159ijet\u00edm dal\u0161\u00edch dvou no\u00adv\u00fdch odborn\u00fdch sil v roce 1938 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed v \u00fastavu p\u0159\u00ed\u00adpravn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce z oboru gravimetrie a geoelekt\u0159iny. Na za\u00ad\u010d\u00e1tku druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do p\u0159ejmenovan\u00e9ho \u201eGeofysik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu&#8221; dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a technick\u00e9 s\u00edly, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sledkem okupace musely opustiti sv\u00e9 p\u0159edchoz\u00ed zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. Av\u0161ak v \u00fanoru 1942 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k N\u011bmci na\u0159\u00ed\u00adzen\u00e9 likvidaci \u00fastavu a k rozd\u011blen\u00ed invent\u00e1\u0159e i person\u00e1lu.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav geofysik\u00e1ln\u00ed byl zajist\u00e9 jedn\u00edm z\u00a0prvn\u00edch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f, kter\u00fd ihned po revoluci zah\u00e1jil op\u011bt svoji pravidelnou \u010dinnost, i kdy\u017e se zna\u010dn\u011b omezen\u00fdm po\u010dtem pracovn\u00edch sil, nebo\u0165 cel\u00e1 \u0159ada jich ode\u0161la zp\u011bt na sv\u00e1 p\u016fvodn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b. V t\u00e9to dob\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed rovn\u011b\u017e k nezdrav\u00e9mu rozd\u011blen\u00ed \u00fastavu na dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti, jednu v Praze II, Dittrichova 13, kde je um\u00edst\u011bno \u0159editelstv\u00ed \u00fastavu s \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, knihovnou a odd\u011blen\u00edm geo\u00admagnetick\u00fdm a geoelektrick\u00fdm, a druhou v Praze II, Ke Karlovu 3, s odd\u011blen\u00edm seismick\u00fdm, gravimetrick\u00fdm, la\u00adborato\u0159emi a d\u00edlnou. Star\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu spole\u010dn\u011b s n\u011bkolika mlad\u00fdmi, nov\u00fdmi silami pustili se plnou parou do pr\u00e1ce. Je dobudov\u00e1na a uvedena do chodu geomagne\u00adtick\u00e1 stanice v Pr\u016fhonic\u00edch, nov\u011b organisov\u00e1na seismick\u00e1 slu\u017eba, z\u0159\u00edzeno a vybudov\u00e1no gravimetrick\u00e9 a geoelektrick\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed a p\u0159ipraven program nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch prac\u00ed. Uskute\u010d\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto programu vid\u00edme v pro\u00adveden\u00e9m nov\u00e9m \u00fapln\u00e9m geomagnetick\u00e9m mapov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010des\u00adk\u00fdch zem\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b s Vojensk\u00fdm zem\u011bpisn\u00fdm \u00fastavem, v gravimetrick\u00fdch prac\u00edch v t\u00edhov\u00e9 s\u00edti I. a II. \u0159\u00e1du ve spolupr\u00e1ci se St\u00e1tn\u00edm zem\u011bm\u011b\u0159ick\u00fdm a kartografick\u00fdm \u00fastavem a v Bulletinech pra\u017esk\u00e9 seismick\u00e9 sta\u00adnice. Krom\u011b t\u011bchto z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f celost\u00e1tn\u00edch je cel\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch badatelsk\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f a praktick\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f, kter\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161ili anebo \u0159e\u0161\u00ed v\u011bde\u010dt\u00ed pracovn\u00edci \u00fastavu. Tak geomagnetick\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed spolupracovalo p\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u00adrostn\u00fdch lo\u017eisek, v \u00fastavn\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 d\u00edln\u011b jsou kon\u00adstruov\u00e1ny nov\u00e9 geofysik\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje (torsn\u00ed seismograf Anderson-Wood, seismograf Golitzin\u016fv, mag\u00adnetometr), hledaj\u00ed se nov\u00e9 cesty a metody pro nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a vyu\u017eit\u00ed nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edch dat, spolupracuje se na studiu d\u016fln\u00edch ot\u0159es\u016f, ohro\u017euj\u00ed\u00adc\u00edch \u017eivoty horn\u00edk\u016f a pln\u011bn\u00ed 5LP studuj\u00ed se bludn\u00e9 elek\u00adtrick\u00e9 proudy atd. D\u00e1le je je\u0161t\u011b vychov\u00e1v\u00e1n nov\u00fd v\u011b\u00addeck\u00fd dorost a jsou \u0161koleny p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 technick\u00e9 a po\u00admocn\u00e9 s\u00edly. I kdy\u017e nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 org\u00e1ny jevily v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b mnohem v\u00edce pochopen\u00ed pro \u00fakoly a c\u00edle \u00fastavu, p\u0159ece jenom je nutno litovat, \u017ee n\u011bkdy nedovedly plnou vahou h\u00e1jit \u00fastavn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy. Nebylo by nap\u0159. jinak mo\u017en\u00e9 absurdum, \u017ee je v \u010cSR 5 gravimetr\u016f a z toho ve St\u00e1tn\u00edm \u00fastavu geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edm ani jeden, p\u0159esto\u017ee m\u011bl b\u00fdti \u00fastav t\u00edmto p\u0159\u00edstrojem vybaven p\u0159ednostn\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pr\u00e1v\u011b v roce sv\u00e9ho t\u0159icetilet\u00ed m\u00e1 St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav geofysi\u00adk\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ejiti k \u00dast\u0159ed\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu. Dosud nen\u00ed rozhodnuto, zda jako \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fastav, \u010di jako odd\u011blen\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bn\u00e9 k n\u011bkter\u00e9mu jin\u00e9mu \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edmu \u00fastavu. Bude to zajist\u00e9 rozhodn\u00fd krok v historii \u00fastavu a cel\u00e9 \u010ds. geo\u00adfysiky a bude p\u0159i n\u011bm t\u0159eba dob\u0159e zv\u00e1\u017eit d\u016fle\u017eitost a v\u011bdeck\u00fd i n\u00e1rodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd v\u00fdznam geofysiky, aby pak nebylo pozd\u011b pozn\u00e1no, \u017ee byl chybn\u00fdm reorganiza\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1sahem v\u00fdvoj na\u0161\u00ed geofysiky zabrzd\u011bn a neznamenal snad krok zp\u011bt m\u00edsto dop\u0159edu. My, kte\u0159\u00ed dnes v geofysice pracujeme, jsme p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee nejlep\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm by byl \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b vybudovan\u00fd \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed geofysik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav. Tak by zmizela dosavadn\u00ed rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bnost geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edch pra\u00adcovn\u00edk\u016f, p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f i prac\u00ed, co\u017e by p\u0159ineslo nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed u\u017eitek jak v\u011bdeck\u00e9, tak i praktick\u00e9 geofysice a t\u00edm i socialistic\u00adk\u00e9mu budov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed vlasti. Jsme d\u00e1le p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed bude kone\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkem sou\u010dasn\u00e9 reorganizace. Odpov\u00edd\u00e1 to tak\u00e9 n\u00e1zoru, kter\u00fd tlumo\u010dil p\u0159edseda vl\u00e1dy A. Z\u00e1potock\u00fd v \u201eD\u016fvodov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b k z\u00e1konu o prv\u00adn\u00edm p\u011btilet\u00e9m hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu rozvoje \u010ceskosloven\u00adsk\u00e9 republiky&#8221;.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Jan P\u00edcha, MZ 1950\/3-4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 4, str. 69-70<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V posledn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku uplynulo ji\u017e 30 let vzniku St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu geofysik\u00e1ln\u00edho v Praze. Nen\u00ed sice je\u0161t\u011b doba d\u00e1vno minul\u00e1, av\u0161ak t\u011bch 30 let m\u016f\u017ee znamenati pro v\u00fdvoj a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12179","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12179","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12179"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12179\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12183,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12179\/revisions\/12183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}