{"id":11627,"date":"2025-01-04T21:40:29","date_gmt":"2025-01-04T20:40:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=11627"},"modified":"2025-01-04T21:43:40","modified_gmt":"2025-01-04T20:43:40","slug":"eumetsat-historie-a-licencni-zalezitosti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/eumetsat-historie-a-licencni-zalezitosti\/","title":{"rendered":"EUMETSAT \u2013 historie a licen\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"11627\" class=\"elementor elementor-11627\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-089eabc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"089eabc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a825366\" data-id=\"a825366\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ee671e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ee671e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Historie<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Evropsk\u00e1 mezivl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace EUMETSAT (European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites) se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdvojem a provozem meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u017eic. Jej\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1tky jsou \u00fazce spjaty s Evropskou kosmickou agenturou (ESA), kter\u00e1 v \u0159\u00edjnu 1977 Vypustila na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu prvn\u00ed evropskou geostacion\u00e1rn\u00ed meteorologickou dru\u017eici, Meteosat 1. Na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konferenci v \u00fanoru 1981 bylo definitivn\u011b rozhodnuto, \u017ee kontinuitu evropsk\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u017eic by m\u011bla zaji\u0161\u0165ovat nov\u00e1 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace s n\u00e1zvem EUMETSAT. Kr\u00e1tce pot\u00e9 je vypu\u0161t\u011bna dru\u017eice s po\u0159adov\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem 2.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V roce 1984 byla V r\u00e1mci ESA vy\u010dlen\u011bna sekce EUMETSAT, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla za \u00fakol p\u0159ipravit se na \u00faplnou nez\u00e1vislost na ESA. Zcela samostatnou organizac\u00ed se EUMETSAT st\u00e1v\u00e1 19. \u010dervna 1986, na za\u010d\u00e1tku sdru\u017eovala 16 \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (z nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch 19 \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f mezi n\u011b tehdy nepat\u0159ily Rakousko a Lucembursko, Slovensko je \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1tem od 1. 1. 2006). Jako s\u00eddlo EUMETSAT byl vybr\u00e1n n\u011bmeck\u00fd Darmstadt, ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed jazyky jsou angli\u010dtina a francouz\u0161tina. Za Syst\u00e9m Meteosat p\u0159evzal EUMETSAT form\u00e1ln\u00ed zodpov\u011bdnost v lednu 1987 a v letech 1988 a 1989 rychle za sebou vypustil na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu Meteosat 3 a Meteosat 4. Ale a\u017e po vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dru\u017eice Meteosat 5 v roce 1991 je k dispozici pln\u011b funk\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m s jednou opera\u010dn\u00ed a jednou z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed dru\u017eic\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V roce 1994 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nov\u00fd program MSG \u2013 Meteosat druh\u00e9 generace. Prvn\u00ed dv\u011b dru\u017eice tohoto typu jsou nyn\u00ed ji\u017e na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze. MSG 1 (po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m startu byla p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1na na Meteosat 8, aby \u010d\u00edslov\u00e1n\u00ed navazovalo na \u0159adu dru\u017eic prvn\u00ed generace) je od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2004 v operativn\u00edm provozu, MSG 2 (neboli Meteosat 9) odstartovala na sklonku lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku. Po proveden\u00ed v\u0161ech nutn\u00fdch test\u016f by m\u011bla b\u00fdt za\u0159azena do operativn\u00edho provozu b\u011bhem prvn\u00ed poloviny tohoto roku.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se v\u0161ak u\u017e tak\u00e9 pracuje na projektu dru\u017eic t\u0159et\u00ed generace (MTG). Vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed prvn\u00ed dru\u017eice tohoto typu je p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1no okolo roku 2015.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">EUMETSAT cht\u011bl pomoci st\u00e1t\u016fm b\u00fdval\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodn\u00edho bloku st\u00e1t se \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, a tak vznikl statut \u201espolupracuj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu\u201c, jinak zvan\u00fd t\u00e9\u017e \u201ep\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9 \u010dlenstv\u00ed\u201c. Tento statut byl p\u016fvodn\u011b pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n maxim\u00e1ln\u011b na 5 let, ov\u0161em prvn\u00ed st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 za\u010daly touto formou s EUMETSAT spolupracovat, byly Slovensko a Ma\u010farsko v roce 1999, prvn\u00ed jmenovan\u00fd je pln\u00fdm \u010dlenem od po\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto loku, ale Ma\u010farsko zat\u00edm st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdm \u010dlenem. P\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9 \u010dlenstv\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00ed poplatky, na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b v\u0161ak neumo\u017e\u0148uje jak\u00e9koli rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b EUMETSAT sdru\u017euje 19 \u010dlensk\u00fdch a 10 spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, mezi nimi i \u010ceskou republiku. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u011bla a\u017e do konce roku 2004 dvojstrannou dohodu o vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dat z EUMETSAT. Na konferenci EUMETSAT, kter\u00e1 se konala na p\u0159elomu kv\u011btna a \u010dervna 2004 v Praze, byla podeps\u00e1na smlouva o p\u0159\u00edstupu \u010cR k EUMETSAT formou p\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9ho \u010dlenstv\u00ed s platnost\u00ed od l. ledna 2005.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Krom\u011b samotn\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje a provozu meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u017eic \u010dlensk\u00e9 i p\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9 st\u00e1ty EUMETSAT spolupracuj\u00ed na v\u00fdvoji a dnes u\u017e i provozu tzv. SAF (Satellite Application Facilities). V osmi projektech se jednotliv\u00e9 st\u00e1ty pod\u00edlej\u00ed na co nejefektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vyu\u017eit\u00ed dat z dru\u017eic MSG.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Vedle provozu a v\u00fdvoje dru\u017eic geostacion\u00e1rn\u00edch EUMETSAT spolupracuje s americkou organizac\u00ed NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) v\u00a0oblasti meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u017eic na pol\u00e1rn\u00edch drah\u00e1ch v r\u00e1mci programu EPS. Start prvn\u00ed z evropsk\u00fdch pol\u00e1rn\u00edch dru\u017eic je napl\u00e1nov\u00e1n na polovinu leto\u0161n\u00edho roku. EUMETSAT tak\u00e9 pln\u011b podporuje v\u00fdukov\u00e9 programy zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na vyu\u017eit\u00ed dat z\u00a0MSG, jeden z nich se konal na podzim lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku tak\u00e9 u n\u00e1s, v Mikulov\u011b, a byl ur\u010den meteorolog\u016fm st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Licen\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">EUMETSAT si chr\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e1 data prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm datov\u00e9 politiky. \u010clensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, resp. jejich n\u00e1rodn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, maj\u00ed k dispozici prakticky v\u0161echna data bezplatn\u011b (po uhrazen\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku). Ov\u0161em to se u\u017e net\u00fdk\u00e1 toho, co je k dispozici \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, ty maj\u00ed bezplatn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup jen k omezen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti dat, jsou to tzv. \u201ez\u00e1kladn\u00ed data\u201c:<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">a) v\u0161echny sn\u00edmky z term\u00edn\u016f: 00, 06, 12 a 18 UTC,<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">b) sn\u00edmky, kter\u00e9 EUMETSAT zve\u0159ej\u0148uje na sv\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch ve form\u00e1tu Evropa ka\u017edou hodinu a sn\u00edmky cel\u00e9ho zemsk\u00e9ho disku ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159i hodiny,<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">c) analogov\u00e1 data z dru\u017eic Meteosat prvn\u00ed generace V tzv. form\u00e1tu SDUS. Tato slu\u017eba ale bude v pr\u016fb\u011bhu prvn\u00ed poloviny tohoto roku ukon\u010dena.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Tyto sn\u00edmky jsou k dispozici komukoli (v\u010detn\u011b jak\u00fdchkoli n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch \u00faprav) pouze s nutnost\u00ed uv\u00e9st copyright EUMETSAT s rokem po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed sn\u00edmku. \u010cHM\u00da vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 t\u00e9to mo\u017enosti a na sv\u00fdch internetov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch nab\u00edz\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti sn\u00edmky z MSG ka\u017edou hodinu, by\u0165 v podstatn\u011b hor\u0161\u00edm rozli\u0161en\u00ed, ne\u017e jak\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed data MSG. Dal\u0161\u00ed voln\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9 sn\u00edmky jsou v\u0161echny star\u0161\u00ed 24 hodin, i pro n\u011b plat\u00ed stejn\u00e9 ustanoven\u00ed p\u0159i publikaci, v\u017edy je nutn\u00e9 uv\u00e9st copyright EUMETSAT.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na vyu\u017eit\u00ed ostatn\u00edch dat (tedy dat, kter\u00e1 podl\u00e9haj\u00ed licenci) mus\u00ed b\u00fdt sepsan\u00e1 u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 smlouva s EUMETSAT. Pro u\u017eivatele z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky smlouvu podepisuje \u010cHM\u00da. Podle dal\u0161\u00edho pl\u00e1novan\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed se za data (a\u0165 u\u017e je u\u017eivatel s\u00e1m p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 nebo z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u011bkoho jin\u00e9ho, nap\u0159. \u010cHM\u00da mus\u00ed \u010di nemus\u00ed platit. Bezplatn\u011b lze data vyu\u017e\u00edvat pouze ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm a v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, u nich\u017e je zcela vylou\u010dena jak\u00e1koli dal\u0161\u00ed distribuce, do skupiny bezplatn\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 radioamat\u00e9\u0159i.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/Eumetsat_2006.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>\u010clensk\u00e9 a spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed st\u00e1ty EUMETSAT (2006)<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/EUMETSAT_vlajka.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Vzty\u010den\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 vlajky v s\u00eddle EUMETSAT v Darmstadtu<\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Martina Lacinov\u00e1, MZ 2006\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 59, str. 29\u201330<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historie Evropsk\u00e1 mezivl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace EUMETSAT (European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites) se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdvojem a provozem meteorologick\u00fdch dru\u017eic. Jej\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1tky jsou \u00fazce spjaty s Evropskou kosmickou agenturou (ESA), [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11627","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11627"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11627\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11632,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11627\/revisions\/11632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}