{"id":10999,"date":"2024-12-30T17:31:05","date_gmt":"2024-12-30T16:31:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=10999"},"modified":"2024-12-30T17:32:51","modified_gmt":"2024-12-30T16:32:51","slug":"nad-knihami-vaclava-klause-a-al-gora","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/nad-knihami-vaclava-klause-a-al-gora\/","title":{"rendered":"Nad knihami V\u00e1clava Klause a Al Gora"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"10999\" class=\"elementor elementor-10999\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-11578bb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"11578bb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65c8a28\" data-id=\"65c8a28\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7212848 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7212848\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00e1clav Klaus: Modr\u00e1, nikoli zelen\u00e1 planeta. Co je ohro\u017eeno: klima, nebo svoboda? Praha: Doko\u0159\u00e1n 2001. 168 stran. Cena 198 K\u010d.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Al Gore: Nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 pravda. Praha: Argo 2007. 328 stran. Cena 398 K\u010d.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fdkyvy po\u010das\u00ed a zm\u011bny klimatu, to je frekventovan\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1le v\u00edce zaj\u00edm\u00e1 jak ve\u0159ejnost a publicisty, tak i b\u00fdval\u00e9 \u010di sou\u010dasn\u00e9 politiky. Pr\u00e1v\u011b jejich n\u00e1zory obvykle vzbuzuj\u00ed z\u00e1jem nejenom proto, \u017ee jde o zn\u00e1m\u00e9 osobnosti, ale i proto, \u017ee jejich naz\u00edr\u00e1ni na podstatu probl\u00e9mu a jeho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se mnohdy zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed. Zaujala t\u0159eba ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 tzv. Sternova zpr\u00e1va, varuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ed ekonomick\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn, nep\u0159ijme-li sv\u011bt okam\u017eit\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Oskarov\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed obdr\u017eel dokument\u00e1rn\u00ed film re\u017eis\u00e9ra Davise Guggenheima Nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 pravda, kter\u00fd je zalo\u017een na p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ce b\u00fdval\u00e9ho americk\u00e9ho viceprezidenta Al Gora. Film, stejn\u011b jako stejnojmenn\u00e1 Al Gorova kniha, pojedn\u00e1vaj\u00ed o glob\u00e1ln\u00edch nebezpe\u010d\u00edch a rizic\u00edch, kter\u00e9 tyto zm\u011bny mohou v budoucnu vyvolat. A v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b projevuje otev\u0159en\u00e9 n\u00e1zory na toto t\u00e9ma i n\u00e1\u0161 prezident V\u00e1clav Klaus v kn\u00ed\u017ece Modr\u00e1, nikoliv zelen\u00e1 planeta.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Al Gore jak v knize, tak i ve filmu postupuje zna\u010dn\u011b systematicky. Vysv\u011btluje podstatu sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho efektu a objas\u0148uje p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny jeho zesilov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b vlivem nar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edch koncentrac\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, nebo\u0165 pr\u00e1v\u011b ty ze zcela z\u0159ejm\u00fdch fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k n\u00e1r\u016fstu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed teploty planety. Absolutn\u011b sice mal\u00e9mu, ale pro zm\u011bny v klimatick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu velmi v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu. K pochopen\u00ed principu nen\u00ed t\u0159eba m\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, bohat\u011b posta\u010duje st\u0159edo\u0161kolsk\u00e1 fyzika. Ani dolo\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fstu glob\u00e1ln\u00edch emis\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch a v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho pod\u00edlu \u010dlov\u011bka mu ne\u010din\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee. Nakonec ani nem\u016f\u017ee, proto\u017ee jde o l\u00e1tku jednodu\u0161e m\u011b\u0159itelnou a jak\u00e9koli zpochyb\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed by proto bylo velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b. Skute\u010dnosti jsou pod\u00e1v\u00e1ny velmi p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011b, ve filmu a\u017e nadm\u00edru emotivn\u011b. Kdy\u017e ale vid\u00edte t\u0159eba \u010dty\u0159i satelitn\u00ed fotografie postupn\u011b vysychaj\u00edc\u00edho africk\u00e9ho \u010cadsk\u00e9ho jezera z let 1963 a\u017e 2001, t\u0159i p\u0159\u00edklady odt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Gr\u00f3nsk\u00e9ho ledovce z let 1992 a\u017e 2005, \u010di fotografie postupn\u011b se vyvracej\u00edc\u00edch smrk\u016f na Alja\u0161ce (tzv. \u201eopil\u00e9 stromy\u201c), pak z\u00e1hy p\u0159estanete pochybovat o tom, \u017ee vody v Africe ub\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee Gr\u00f3nsk\u00fd ledovec odt\u00e1v\u00e1, nebo \u017ee tundra na Alja\u0161ce taje a stromy tak ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed pevnou p\u016fdu pod nohama.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">AI Gore je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm politik, a proto r\u00e1d n\u011bkter\u00e9 detaily nadsad\u00ed, m\u00edrn\u011b zkresl\u00ed, n\u011bkde uk\u00e1\u017ee jen \u010d\u00e1st pravdy. Ur\u010dit\u011b proto, aby v\u00edce upoutal a sv\u016fj projev u\u010dinil zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. By\u0165 klimatick\u00e9 modely poskytuj\u00ed spektrum mo\u017en\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f&#8217; vyb\u00edr\u00e1 z nich samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ty nejkatastrofi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Ob\u010das se najdou i pas\u00e1\u017ee, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 na pravd\u011b nezakl\u00e1daj\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad vliv klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u010detnosti v\u00fdskytu hurik\u00e1n\u016f a tajfun\u016f zat\u00edm je\u0161t\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1n nen\u00ed a k zatopen\u00ed t\u0159eba Floridy, New Yorku \u010di Pekingu by se musely hladiny oce\u00e1n\u016f zvednout o n\u011bkolik metru a k tomu pouh\u00fdm n\u00e1r\u016fstem emis\u00ed doj\u00edt nem\u016f\u017ee. Kn\u00ed\u017ece i filmu je t\u0159eba p\u0159iznat, \u017ee jejich obsah a lad\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee ve\u0159ejnost znejistit a vzbudit v n\u00ed nakonec i p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed zm\u011bny je t\u0159eba br\u00e1t v\u00e1\u017en\u011bji ne\u017e dosud, nepodce\u0148ovat je a zam\u00fd\u0161let se nad nimi. Co\u017e byl z\u0159ejm\u011b i jejich hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011br.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Klausova Modr\u00e1, nikoliv zelen\u00e1 planeta se na probl\u00e9m d\u00edv\u00e1 z opa\u010dn\u00e9 strany. Je postavena na p\u0159edstav\u011b, \u201esoudob\u00e9ho st\u0159etu o lidskou svobodu\u201c. Podle autora ji na po\u010d\u00e1tku 21. stolet\u00ed ji\u017e neohro\u017euje socialismus, ale \u201e&#8230;t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bezskrupul\u00f3zn\u00ed ideologie s p\u0159\u00edrodou nesouvisej\u00edc\u00edho environmentalismu&#8221;, kter\u00fd nem\u00e1 s p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi v\u011bdami nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho a nem\u00e1 nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho ani se spole\u010densk\u00fdmi v\u011bdami, do kter\u00fdch chce zasahovat\u201c. Souhlas\u00edm, ale nev\u00edm, jakou definici \u201eenvironmentalismu\u201c m\u00e1 Klaus na mysli. Jde mu skute\u010dn\u011b pouze o ten nejradik\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed environmentalismus p\u0159edstavovan\u00fd ekoterorismem \u010di ekoanarchismem, nebo j\u00edm ozna\u010duje v\u0161e, co m\u00e1 jak\u00fdkoliv vztah k ekologii?<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z Klausov\u00fdch formulac\u00ed a \u010detn\u00fdch odkaz\u016f v knize se zd\u00e1, \u017ee se jeho pohled zu\u017euje pouze na vztah ekonomie a environmentalismu, pod kter\u00fd ale zahrnuje i ekologii a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. To pro n\u011bj prakticky neexistuje a tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u201e,..neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159edem dan\u00fd optim\u00e1ln\u00ed stav sv\u011bta, kter\u00fd m\u00e1me povinnost chr\u00e1nit\u201c. S t\u00edmto v\u00fdrokem je skute\u010dn\u011b t\u0159eba polemizovat, proto\u017ee to byla pr\u00e1v\u011b ekologie, kter\u00e1 se jako v\u011bdn\u00ed discipl\u00edna nap\u0159\u00edklad na po\u010d\u00e1tku devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let u n\u00e1s p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b podepsala t\u0159eba jenom na v\u00fdrazn\u00e9m zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a \u010distoty vod. Ur\u010dit\u011b je dob\u0159e, \u017ee ekologie p\u0159estala b\u00fdt t\u00edm t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zak\u00e1zan\u00fdm tabu, kter\u00fdm byla za minul\u00e9ho re\u017eimu! Podle Klause existuje pro ekonomiku p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed pouze tehdy, je-Ii definov\u00e1no bu\u010f jako zdroj \u010di odpad, za kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zaplatit. Je-li definov\u00e1no jinak \u2013 pak prost\u011b neexistuje! Jeliko\u017e lze nal\u00e9zt spousty d\u016fkaz\u016f o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 se v klimatick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed, tak bych o\u010dek\u00e1val, \u017ee nad nimi nebude Klaus p\u0159iv\u00edrat o\u010di. \u00a0P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal bych, \u017ee se bude sna\u017eit mezi ekologi\u00ed (pros\u00edm, ne environmentalismem!) a ekonomikou nal\u00e9zt kompromis a pokus\u00ed se do sv\u00fdch ekonomicky lad\u011bn\u00fdch \u00favah zahrnout t\u0159eba externality, kter\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b lidskou \u010dinnost\u00ed vznikaj\u00ed. M\u00edsto toho v\u0161ak samotnou existenci jak\u00fdchkoliv zm\u011bn zpochyb\u0148uje!<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nap\u0159\u00edklad energetick\u00e9 zdroje jsou podle n\u011bj \u201evytv\u00e1\u0159eny lidmi a podstatou jejich existence je r\u016fst lidsk\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u00e9 limity\u201c. Jsou proto z ekonomick\u00e9ho pohledu nevy\u010derpateln\u00e9, nebo\u0165 \u201e&#8230;vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed se zdroje jsou d\u00edky r\u016fstu jejich cen pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b a hladce nahrazov\u00e1ny jin\u00fdmi, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b \u0161et\u0159eny jejich \u00fasporn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159ebou\u201c. Toto vcelku bezstarostn\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed v\u0161ak vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zku, bude-li zdroj\u016f v\u017edy dostatek a jak\u00e1 bude jejich cena.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nerad bych, aby moje \u0159\u00e1dky vyzn\u011bly jako zoufal\u00fd pokus o kritiku Klausovy kn\u00ed\u017eky o \u201ezabarven\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed planety\u201c za ka\u017edou cenu. Ur\u010dit\u011b je dobr\u00e9, \u017ee ji pan prezident napsal, proto\u017ee je t\u0159eba d\u00e1t prostor v\u0161em n\u00e1zor\u016fm a otev\u0159\u00edt vyv\u00e1\u017eenou diskusi k t\u00e9matu. Ur\u010dit\u011b se S panem prezidentem shoduji na nesmyslnosti \u0159ady krok\u016f, kter\u00e9 environmentalist\u00e9 soustavn\u011b vym\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed a kter\u00e9 v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b kolem sebe vid\u00edme st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji. Vym\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed je, ani\u017e by si dali pr\u00e1ci by\u0165 jenom s\u00a0element\u00e1rn\u00edm odhadem toho, co n\u00e1s jejich n\u00e1pady mohou st\u00e1t a jak\u00fd profit ve skute\u010dnosti p\u0159inesou. Zcela ch\u00e1pu, \u017ee V\u00e1clav Klaus \u201e\u2026u\u017e nen\u00ed jenom znepokojen, \u017ee se u\u017e i zlob\u00ed\u2026\u201c a \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b to ho p\u0159im\u011blo k naps\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fatl\u00e9 kn\u00ed\u017eky. Stejn\u011b jako Al Gore, i on s n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u011b sklid\u00ed zaslou\u017eenou pozornost. Ale \u0161koda pro n\u011bj, \u017ee zcela p\u0159ehl\u00e9dl fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed podstatu probl\u00e9mu a p\u0159ehl\u00e9dl i to, \u017ee se na Zemi u\u017e cosi odehr\u00e1v\u00e1&#8230;!<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">(Zkr\u00e1cen\u00e1 verze \u010dl\u00e1nku z Lidov\u00fdch Novin 19. 5. 2001)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Jan Pretel, MZ 2007\/3, ro\u010dn\u00edk 60, str. 96<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00e1clav Klaus: Modr\u00e1, nikoli zelen\u00e1 planeta. Co je ohro\u017eeno: klima, nebo svoboda? Praha: Doko\u0159\u00e1n 2001. 168 stran. Cena 198 K\u010d. Al Gore: Nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 pravda. Praha: Argo 2007. 328 stran. Cena [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10999","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10999","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10999"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10999\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11004,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10999\/revisions\/11004"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}