{"id":10936,"date":"2024-12-30T16:56:12","date_gmt":"2024-12-30T15:56:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=10936"},"modified":"2024-12-30T16:57:14","modified_gmt":"2024-12-30T15:57:14","slug":"pocasi-takrka-popularne","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/pocasi-takrka-popularne\/","title":{"rendered":"Po\u010das\u00ed tak\u0159ka popul\u00e1rn\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"10936\" class=\"elementor elementor-10936\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0ade0f1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0ade0f1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5b007e\" data-id=\"b5b007e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75b3d05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75b3d05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Autor Petr Dvo\u0159\u00e1k. Vydalo nakladatelstv\u00ed Sv\u011bt k\u0159\u00eddel, Cheb, 2008. N\u00e1klad 1 000 v\u00fdtisk\u016f. 224 stran. Cena 450 K\u010d. ISBN 978-80868 08-57-4.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kniha vy\u0161la jako ji\u017e dvan\u00e1ct\u00e1 v po\u0159ad\u00ed od zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho autora Petra Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka, kter\u00fd je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b jednozna\u010dn\u011b nejproduktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010desk\u00fdm spisovatelem a populariz\u00e1torem v\u011bdy o po\u010das\u00ed. Autor, kter\u00fd pracuje jako leteck\u00fd meteorolog v odboru leteck\u00e9 meteorologie v \u010cHM\u00da a je sportovn\u00edm pilotem. v knize popul\u00e1rn\u011b nau\u010dn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem p\u0159ibli\u017euje v\u011bdu o po\u010das\u00ed v\u0161em \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se o po\u010das\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed dozv\u011bd\u011bt co \u201enejv\u00edc\u201c. Jak s\u00e1m uv\u00e1d\u00ed, kn\u00ed\u017eka m\u016f\u017ee poslou\u017eit tak\u00e9 jako zdroj informac\u00ed o meteorologii a po\u010das\u00ed pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed s po\u010das\u00edm p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b do styku: nap\u0159. plavce na lod\u00edch, sportovn\u00ed a rekrea\u010dn\u00ed piloty, zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159e, lesn\u00edky, zem\u011bd\u011blce, \u010di silni\u010d\u00e1\u0159e. Zde je v\u0161ak na m\u00edst\u011b poznamenat, \u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornosti autor v\u011bnuje oblastem, kter\u00e9 jsou mu bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed, tedy oblastem souvisej\u00edc\u00edm s letectv\u00edm, plachta\u0159en\u00edm a leteckou dopravou v\u016fbec.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Tak je celkem 15 stran v\u011bnov\u00e1no v\u011btru, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e je popisov\u00e1na jak p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina vzniku v\u011btru, tak i geostrofick\u00fd a gradientov\u00fd v\u00edtr, ageostrofick\u00e1 slo\u017eka v\u011btru, term\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00edtr, v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fd v\u00edtr, m\u00edstn\u00ed v\u011btry, denn\u00ed chod v\u011btru, rozd\u00edl v\u011btru p\u0159i zemi a ve v\u00fd\u0161ce, ale i proud\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159es p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky a vznik turbulence. Na dal\u0161\u00edch 14 str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch je podrobn\u011b rozeb\u00edr\u00e1na termick\u00e1 konvekce a jej\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed bezmotorov\u00fdmi letadly.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Naproti tomu sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m je v\u011bnov\u00e1na podstatn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed pozornost. Zejm\u00e9na mal\u00e1 pozornost je v\u011bnov\u00e1na sn\u011bhov\u00fdm sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m a jev\u016fm, jako jsou sn\u011bhov\u00e9 jazyky, z\u00e1v\u011bje, sn\u011bhov\u00e9 bou\u0159e, a tak\u00e9 jev\u016fm, jako ledovka, n\u00e1led\u00ed a n\u00e1mraza. To jsou v\u0161e jevy, kter\u00e9 v zimn\u00edm obdob\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivot a nejde jen o sj\u00edzdnost komunikac\u00ed nebo i uzav\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00edch drah letadel v d\u016fsledku p\u016fsoben\u00ed t\u011bchto jev\u016f. Obdobn\u00e9 to je i s\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdmi jevy.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na druhou stranu se \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 dozv\u00ed \u0159adu informac\u00ed o meteorologick\u00fdch stanic\u00edch a jejich vybaven\u00ed, numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch modelech, atmosf\u00e9\u0159e Zem\u011b, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pak mezn\u00ed vrstv\u011b, tlaku vzduchu, synoptick\u00fdch map\u00e1ch, v\u0161ech druz\u00edch oblak\u016f, tlakov\u00fdch n\u00ed\u017e\u00edch a v\u00fd\u0161\u00edch, tepl\u00fdch, studen\u00fdch i okluzn\u00edch front\u00e1ch, bou\u0159k\u00e1ch, torn\u00e1dech, stru\u010dn\u011b i o klimatu ve sv\u011bt\u011b, ale tak\u00e9 o p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed podle p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch \u00fakaz\u016f. Je zde tak\u00e9 pops\u00e1no, jak pilot &#8211; plachta\u0159 pozn\u00e1, zda nastane termika, a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i podrobn\u00fd popis vlivu po\u010das\u00ed na leteckou dopravu.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kniha vyti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 na k\u0159\u00eddov\u00e9m pap\u00edru je rozd\u011blena do dvou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed: prvn\u00ed o 120 stran\u00e1ch je p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b textov\u00e1 (s men\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtem \u010dernob\u00edl\u00fdch obr\u00e1zk\u016f), a druhou tvo\u0159\u00ed bohat\u00e1 barevn\u00e1 obrazov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edloha s mno\u017estv\u00edm sch\u00e9mat jednotliv\u00fdch atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch proces\u016f. Ta upout\u00e1 na prvn\u00ed pohled a u\u017e i jej\u00edm prohl\u00e9dnut\u00edm a pro\u010dten\u00edm vysv\u011btluj\u00edc\u00edch text\u016f z\u00edsk\u00e1 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 \u0159adu zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch poznatk\u016f z oblasti meteorologie a jej\u00edho vlivu na \u010dlov\u011bka, o meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00edch a m\u011b\u0159en\u00edch, stavb\u011b atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch front, ale nap\u0159. i o vlivu po\u010das\u00ed na let letadla a jeho p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zcela nevhodn\u00fd je n\u00e1zev kapitoly \u201eLetn\u00ed bou\u0159ky\u201c (str. 80). Autor v t\u00e9to kapitole popisuje bou\u0159ky z tepla, nikoli obecn\u011b bou\u0159ky v letn\u00edm obdob\u00ed roku, tedy i bou\u0159ky front\u00e1ln\u00ed. Ty jsou pops\u00e1ny hlavn\u011b v kapitole \u201eStuden\u00e1 fronta\u201c, tedy nemaj\u00ed svou samostatnou kapitolu, zat\u00edmco t\u0159eba Torn\u00e1do nebo Dust devil zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed kapitoly maj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nevhodn\u00e9 je i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pojmu \u201eokludovan\u00e1 fronta\u201c. Autor sice v za\u010d\u00e1tku kapitoly nazvan\u00e9 \u201eokludovan\u00e1 front\u201c (str. 108) p\u00ed\u0161e okludovan\u00e1, \u010di tak\u00e9 okluzn\u00ed fronta. \u2026 av\u0161ak tento term\u00edn neuv\u00e1d\u00ed Meteorologick\u00fd slovn\u00edk v\u00fdkladov\u00fd a terminologick\u00fd ani nen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n; rozhodn\u011b by bylo vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat d\u016fsledn\u011b \u201eokluzn\u00ed fronta\u201c.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na prvn\u00ed pohled nedostatkem p\u011bkn\u00e9 barevn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edlohy je mal\u00e9 rozli\u0161en\u00ed slou\u010den\u00e9 radarov\u00e9 informace na str. 172 nadepsan\u00e9 \u201eBou\u0159kov\u00e1 obla\u010dnost na radaru \u010cHM\u00da&#8221;, tak\u017ee obr\u00e1zek je neostr\u00fd. Kdyby nav\u00edc tato radarov\u00e1 informace byla dopln\u011bna v\u00fdstupem ze syst\u00e9mu detekce blesk\u016f (tak jak ji p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed slu\u017eba vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1), bylo by tak\u00e9 patrn\u00e9, kter\u00e1 obla\u010dnost je skute\u010dn\u011b bou\u0159kov\u00e1 a kter\u00e1 pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159eh\u00e1\u0148k\u00e1m.\u00a0 St\u00e1lo by tak\u00e9 za to uv\u00e9st k obr\u00e1zku bou\u0159kov\u00e9 supercely v p\u0159\u00edloze na str. 170 stru\u010dn\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, co to supercela je a v tabulce oblak\u016f na stran\u011b 168 se dr\u017eet Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho atlasu oblak\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V textov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 men\u0161\u00ed nep\u0159esnosti. Tak nap\u0159. na str. 51 autor uv\u00e1d\u00ed: \u201eT\u0159\u00eddenn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi nap\u0159. modelu ALADIN provozovan\u00e9m v \u010cesk\u00e9m hydrometeorologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu vych\u00e1zej\u00ed velmi dob\u0159e.&#8221; Ve skute\u010dnosti je model ALADIN po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n na 54 hodin dop\u0159edu.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na str. 5 jsou podcen\u011bny nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enosti meteorologick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed: \u201eV sou\u010dasnosti jsme po\u0159\u00e1d je\u0161t\u011b ve stadiu, kdy u\u017e zvl\u00e1d\u00e1me docela dob\u0159e kr\u00e1tkodobou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed, ale st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e1 vych\u00e1z\u00ed jen n\u011bkdy a dlouhodobou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f, p\u0159i v\u0161\u00ed \u00fact\u011b ke koleg\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se j\u00ed zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed, bych zat\u00edm pova\u017eoval za srovnatelnou s v\u011b\u0161tbami horoskop\u016f&#8221;.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na str. 12 se do\u010dteme: \u201eAni n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch lod\u00ed nen\u00ed zase tolik, aby pokryly dostate\u010dn\u011b hust\u011b cel\u00fd oce\u00e1n, ale na druhou stranu po\u010das\u00ed na mo\u0159i nen\u00ed tak prom\u011bnliv\u00e9 jako na sou\u0161i, kde je zna\u010dn\u011b ovlivn\u011bno tvarem ter\u00e9nu. Proto \u0159id\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 na oce\u00e1nech p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b posta\u010duje ke zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch map\u201c. Zde by bylo na m\u00edst\u011b uv\u00e9st, \u017ee do zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed map, ale zejm\u00e9na do numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch model\u016f vstupuj\u00ed st\u00e1le v\u00edce dru\u017eicov\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 podstatnou m\u011brou zp\u0159es\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi t\u011bchto model\u016f i pro oblast sou\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kniha je ps\u00e1na \u010dtiv\u011b, srozumiteln\u011b, odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed se tu schopnost a zku\u0161enost autora ps\u00e1t i pro neodborn\u00edky a je obohacen\u00edm nab\u00eddky literatury o po\u010das\u00ed pro ve\u0159ejnost. Nav\u00edc je zam\u011b\u0159ena na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, na rozd\u00edl od p\u0159eklad\u016f v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b zda\u0159il\u00fdch zahrani\u010dn\u00edch knih do \u010de\u0161tiny. \u0160koda jen, \u017ee kniha patrn\u011b nem\u011bla lektora (nen\u00ed uveden), kter\u00fd by upozornil na n\u011bkter\u00e9 drobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chyby a nep\u0159esnosti a pouk\u00e1zal na jej\u00ed ur\u010ditou obsahovou nevyv\u00e1\u017eenost je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed jej\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00edm. A\u010dkoliv to z n\u00e1zvu knihy nevypl\u00fdv\u00e1, v\u00fdznamn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost je v\u011bnov\u00e1na vlivu po\u010das\u00ed na leteckou dopravu a placht\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"rteright\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Franti\u0161ek \u0160opko, MZ 2009\/5, ro\u010dn\u00edk 62, str. 147 a 152<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Autor Petr Dvo\u0159\u00e1k. Vydalo nakladatelstv\u00ed Sv\u011bt k\u0159\u00eddel, Cheb, 2008. N\u00e1klad 1 000 v\u00fdtisk\u016f. 224 stran. Cena 450 K\u010d. ISBN 978-80868 08-57-4. Kniha vy\u0161la jako ji\u017e dvan\u00e1ct\u00e1 v po\u0159ad\u00ed od zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10936","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10936","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10936"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10936\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10940,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10936\/revisions\/10940"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10936"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}