{"id":1083,"date":"2023-10-28T23:21:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-28T21:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=1083"},"modified":"2025-01-16T17:17:03","modified_gmt":"2025-01-16T16:17:03","slug":"frantisek-augustin","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/frantisek-augustin\/","title":{"rendered":"Franti\u0161ek Augustin"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1083\" class=\"elementor elementor-1083\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-41a90d6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"41a90d6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7f09fb\" data-id=\"e7f09fb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d903f0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d903f0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-xl\">Franti\u0161ek Augustin<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c97766 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c97766\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-388da38\" data-id=\"388da38\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f51601b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f51601b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">1846\u20131908<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e93c11f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e93c11f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b169ea\" data-id=\"6b169ea\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-768db9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"768db9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>FRANTI\u0160EK AUGUSTIN, PRVN\u00cd PROFESOR METEOROLOGIE NA PRA\u017dSK\u00c9 UNIVERZIT\u011a (ke 100. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Motto: <em>&#8220;Kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdznam a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 pokro\u010dilost \u010cech \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd by se pracemi sv\u00fdmi \u0159adil d\u016fstojn\u011b k \u010deln\u00fdm \u00fastav\u016fm jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed&#8221;.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <em>Franti\u0161ek Augustin, 1885<\/em><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>\u010cl\u00e1nek z \u010dasopisu Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010dn\u00edk 61, \u010d\u00edslo 6 z roku 2008, autor p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku: Vilibald Kakos (\u00dastav fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry AV \u010cR, v. v. i.)<\/em><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Franti\u0161ek Augustin, the first professor of meteorology at the Prague University (the 100th anniversary of his death).<\/strong> Franti\u0161ek Augustin (1847\u20131908) is considered to be the most significant Czech meteorologist and a leading geographer of the second half of the 19th century. After university studies in Vienna he was mainly engaged in the climate of Prague and Bohemia. In 1883 he took a higher doctorate in the field of science of meteorology and climatology at the Czech part of Charles University in Prague. In 1904 he became a professor. He established a unique meteorological station at the Prague lookout tower on the Pet\u0159\u00edn hill (\u03c6 = 50\u00b05&#8242;; \u03bb = 14\u00b024&#8242; e.l.) equipped with recording instruments at different altitudes. \u00a0Observation results were regularly published. On the territory of Bohemia he organized observations of storms (hailstorms) at about 600 stations and also measurements at rain-gauge stations in Prague for the purposes of sewerage system. He promoted the need of building a modern climatic network and establishing a central (hydro)meteorological institute. His conscious effort to interconnect organizationally meteorology and hydrology was connected with his important research work on the large September flood in 1890 where he analyzed the event by means of synoptic charts as hitherto the only one in Bohemia. We could justly consider him to be the first Czech hydrometeorologist in the strict sense of the world.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-be86531 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"be86531\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-979b774\" data-id=\"979b774\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b71644 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7b71644\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1_Frantisek-Augustin_z-MZ-2008.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"1_Franti\u0161ek Augustin_z MZ 2008\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTA4NSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cDpcL1wvd3d3LmNtZXMuY3pcL3dlYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyM1wvMTBcLzFfRnJhbnRpc2VrLUF1Z3VzdGluX3otTVotMjAwOC5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"228\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1_Frantisek-Augustin_z-MZ-2008-228x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-1085\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1_Frantisek-Augustin_z-MZ-2008-228x300.jpg 228w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1_Frantisek-Augustin_z-MZ-2008.jpg 324w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 228px) 100vw, 228px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3c165de\" data-id=\"3c165de\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6ec888 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6ec888\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>\u00davod<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ol><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V prosinci 2008 jsme si p\u0159ipomn\u011bli st\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed Franti\u0161ka Augustina, nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed osobnosti \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie druh\u00e9 poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed. Tento u\u010ditel, v\u011bdec a organiz\u00e1tor se v\u00fdrazn\u011b zaslou\u017eil v tomto v\u011bdn\u00edm oboru o vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdchovu na vysok\u00e9 \u0161kole a sv\u00fdmi pr\u016fkopnick\u00fdmi studiemi a \u010detn\u00fdmi v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi publikacemi z\u00edsk\u00e1val pro \u010deskou meteorologii i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159itom p\u016fsobil v nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 dob\u011b pozvoln\u00e9ho \u00fapadku meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se sna\u017eil obnovit a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it. <br \/><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e88b6a7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e88b6a7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ad54eb\" data-id=\"0ad54eb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cecd17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6cecd17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jeho rozs\u00e1hlou a bohatou \u010dinnost lze rozd\u011blit na pr\u00e1ci pedagogickoP\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jeho z\u00e1sluhou byl vybudov\u00e1n meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav p\u0159i \u010desk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b v Praze, jeho\u017e otev\u0159en\u00ed se v\u0161ak u\u017e nedo\u017eil. Profesor Augustin sou\u010dasn\u011b pat\u0159il k\u00a0prvn\u00edm p\u0159edstavitel\u016fm \u010desk\u00e9 univerzitn\u00ed geografie, a proto\u017ee se zab\u00fdval tak\u00e9 meteorologick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinami povodn\u00ed a sucha, m\u016f\u017eeme jej pova\u017eovat i za prvn\u00edho hydrometeorologa v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch.u, v\u011bdeckou, organiz\u00e1torskou a populariza\u010dn\u00ed, i kdy\u017e v mnoh\u00e9m se tyto aktivity vz\u00e1jemn\u011b prol\u00ednaj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Augustin\u016fv \u017eivot a z\u00e1sluhy zhodnotili v nekroloz\u00edch jeho vrstevn\u00edk a univerzitn\u00ed kolega prof. \u010c. Strouhal (1850\u20131922), v\u00fdznamn\u00fd fyzik [50], a jeho \u017e\u00e1k a n\u00e1stupce prof. S. Hanzl\u00edk (1878\u20131956) [36]. A\u017e po 40 letech od \u00famrt\u00ed prof. Augustina vy\u0161ly o n\u011bm kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky op\u011bt od S. Hanzl\u00edka [37] a E. Vesel\u00e9ho [52] a po dal\u0161\u00edch deseti letech od prof. A. Gregora [35].<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ehled zejm\u00e9na Augustinovy pedagogick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti podal V. H\u00e4ufler [38], kter\u00fd uvedl mj. n\u00e1zvy jeho p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek v jednotliv\u00fdch semestrech v letech 1883\u20131908. V\u00fdsti\u017en\u00fd \u017eivotopisn\u00fd medailonek je uveden v Mal\u00e9m pr\u016fvodci meteorologi\u00ed [48] a ke 150. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed jeho narozen\u00ed vy\u0161ly dva drobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky V. Kakose [39, 40]. Augustin je rovn\u011b\u017e vzpom\u00edn\u00e1n mezi v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi \u010desk\u00fdmi geografy [46] i jako \u010dlen \u010cesk\u00e9 akademie v\u011bd [51]. Teprve v souborn\u00e9m d\u00edle K. Kr\u0161ky a F. \u0160amaje [44] je prof. Augustinovi v\u011bnov\u00e1na cel\u00e1 kapitola, kter\u00e1 je naps\u00e1na tak v\u00fdsti\u017en\u011b, \u017ee by mohla b\u00fdt pou\u017eita jako shrnut\u00ed tohoto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku. Nejnov\u011bji jeho \u017eivot a d\u00edlo popsal O. Ledvinka [45].<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Neocenitelnou pom\u016fckou pro vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Augustinov\u00fdch prac\u00ed se stala \u00fatl\u00e1 bro\u017eurka J. B\u011blohlava (1882\u20131935), vydan\u00e1 p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti jeho 60. narozenin, kter\u00e1 obsahuje podrobn\u00fd seznam v\u0161ech 114 publikac\u00ed [33]. V\u011bt\u0161ina v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f je naps\u00e1na v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m jazyce, av\u0161ak celkov\u011b v\u00a0soupisu p\u0159evl\u00e1d\u00e1 jazyk \u010desk\u00fd. Publikace jsou dostupn\u00e9 v\u00a0klementinsk\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed knihovn\u011b, n\u011bkter\u00e9 v \u010cHM\u00da, a \u010dl\u00e1nky obsa\u017een\u00e9 v geografick\u00fdch \u010dasopisech na P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakult\u011b UK. Nedostupnost n\u011bkolika z nich byla zp\u016fsobena prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed digitalizac\u00ed v N\u00e1rodn\u00ed knihovn\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z Augustinov\u00fdch prac\u00ed zmi\u0148uji jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 zaj\u00edmavosti a cituji \u00faryvky textu, nikoliv podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky, aby se rozsah tohoto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nezv\u011bt\u0161il. V\u00edce ne\u017e stolet\u00fd odstup od jejich vyd\u00e1n\u00ed je tak\u00e9 d\u016fvodem pro to, aby se upustilo od kritick\u00fdch pozn\u00e1mek k tehdej\u0161\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00fdm n\u00e1zor\u016fm v meteorologii a klimatologii.<\/span><\/p><ol start=\"2\"><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong> Stru\u010dn\u00fd \u017eivotopis<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ol><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Franti\u0161ek Augustin se narodil 24. kv\u011btna 1846 v\u00a0Sir\u00e1kov\u011b (\u010d. p. 1) u Poln\u00e9. Gymn\u00e1zium absolvoval v Jihlav\u011b a pot\u00e9 v letech 1867\u20131870 studoval na v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b, kde poslouchal hlavn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky z filozofie, zem\u011bpisu a d\u011bjepisu. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdch studi\u00ed v roce 1872 z\u00edskal aprobaci u\u010ditele zem\u011bpisu a d\u011bjepisu na gymn\u00e1zi\u00edch s\u00a0vyu\u010dovac\u00edm jazykem \u010desk\u00fdm a n\u011bmeck\u00fdm.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zprvu vyu\u010doval na Akademick\u00e9m gymn\u00e1ziu v Praze jako supluj\u00edc\u00ed u\u010ditel a pozd\u011bji na M\u011bstsk\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole malostransk\u00e9. Na v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b byl v roce 1874 promov\u00e1n na doktora filozofie. V letech 1875\u20131892 vyu\u010doval op\u011bt na Akademick\u00e9m gymn\u00e1ziu v Praze. Po rozd\u011blen\u00ed Karlo-Ferdinandovy univerzity v Praze v roce 1882 na \u010deskou a n\u011bmeckou \u010d\u00e1st se n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku habilitoval na jej\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pro obor meteorologie a klimatologie a z\u00edskal titul docent na z\u00e1klad\u011b pr\u00e1ce o geografick\u00e9m rozlo\u017een\u00ed tlaku vzduchu na Zemi a jeho \u010dasov\u00fdch a prostorov\u00fdch zm\u011bn\u00e1ch [19]. V roce 1888 byl za sv\u00e9 z\u00e1sluhy o v\u011bdu zvolen mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm \u010dlenem \u010cesk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nauk. Titul mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho profesora mu byl ud\u011blen roku 1892. O dva roky pozd\u011bji byl zvolen dopisuj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dlenem II. t\u0159\u00eddy \u010cesk\u00e9 akademie c\u00edsa\u0159e Franti\u0161ka Josefa pro v\u011bdy, slovesnost a um\u011bn\u00ed. Rok nato byl jmenov\u00e1n mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm profesorem meteorologie a klimatologie. V roce 1901 byl ustanoven korespondentem C. k. \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edho \u00fastavu pro meteorologii a geodynamiku ve V\u00eddni. \u0158\u00e1dn\u00fdm profesorem na Karlov\u011b univerzit\u011b byl jmenov\u00e1n v roce 1904. Dne 1. prosince 1908 um\u00edr\u00e1 v Praze a je pochov\u00e1n na vy\u0161ehradsk\u00e9m h\u0159bitov\u011b v rodinn\u00e9 hrobce V\u00e1cslava Zelen\u00e9ho, s jeho\u017e dcerou Bo\u017eenou byl sp\u0159\u00edzn\u011bn s\u0148atkem.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z jeho \u017eivotopisu by nem\u011blo uniknout pozornosti, \u017ee Augustin vyu\u010doval na Akademick\u00e9m gymn\u00e1ziu a\u017e do roku 1892, kdy teprve z\u00edskal titul mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho univerzitn\u00edho profesora. Tedy a\u017e do sv\u00fdch 46 let (!) byl v\u00e1z\u00e1n v\u00fdukou na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole. To v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b nen\u00ed p\u0159edstaviteln\u00e9 ani pro odborn\u00e9 asistenty, nato\u017e pro ji\u017e habilitovan\u00e9 docenty.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">O lidsk\u00fdch vlastnostech prof. Augustina nejl\u00e9pe vypov\u00edd\u00e1 prof. Strouhal ve zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m nekrologu: <em>\u010ctvrt stolet\u00ed p\u016fsobil na \u010desk\u00e9 universit\u011b, na n\u00ed\u017e si zjednal svou u\u010ditelskou \u010dinnost\u00ed, spisovatelskou a organiza\u010dn\u00ed opravdov\u00fdch z\u00e1sluh \u2013 Mil\u00fd kolega, skromn\u00fd, ne\u00fanavn\u011b piln\u00fd na poli v\u011bdeck\u00e9m, horliv\u00fd a sv\u011bdomit\u00fd u\u010ditel. Nekrolog S. Hanzl\u00edka pak kon\u010d\u00ed slovy: V srdc\u00edch mno\u017estv\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed po cel\u00e9 \u010dtvrtstolet\u00ed plnili jeho s\u00edn\u011b, z\u016fstane zajist\u00e9 trvale jasn\u00e1 vzpom\u00ednka na laskav\u00e9ho a otcovsk\u00e9ho u\u010ditele<\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ol start=\"3\"><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong> Vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fd u\u010ditel a v\u011bdec<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ol><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po rozd\u011blen\u00ed pra\u017esk\u00e9 univerzity za\u010dal F. Augustin p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161et od letn\u00edho semestru 1883 a pak vyu\u010doval bez p\u0159est\u00e1vky a\u017e do sv\u00e9 smrti. Podle V. H\u00e4uflera [38] se p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky konaly do roku 1896 jednu hodinu t\u00fddn\u011b, v dal\u0161\u00edch letech dv\u011b a\u017e t\u0159i hodiny a od roku 1904 a\u017e \u0161est hodin t\u00fddn\u011b, a to nejprve v posluch\u00e1rn\u011b prvn\u00edho poschod\u00ed Klementina (naproti fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u00fastavu Strouhalovu), pozd\u011bji ve skromn\u011b za\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti v Kaulichov\u011b (dnes ji\u017e zbo\u0159en\u00e9m) dom\u011b na Karlov\u011b n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u011bt\u0161ina p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek spad\u00e1 do meteorologie \u010di klimatologie (dynamika atmosf\u00e9ry, teoretick\u00e1 meteorologie, klimatografie), v n\u011bkter\u00fdch semestrech se dot\u00fdkaly jen n\u011bkter\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho prvku a jevu (atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fd tlak, slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, hydrometeory apod.), jin\u00e9 byly geografick\u00e9ho nebo geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed (matematick\u00e1 geografie, zemsk\u00fd magnetismus, kosmick\u00e1 fyzika, hydrografie, oce\u00e1nografie, matematick\u00e9 a fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed pom\u011bry Zem\u011b). P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky nav\u0161t\u011bvovali zejm\u00e9na poslucha\u010di geografie a fyziky, kte\u0159\u00ed se p\u0159ipravovali na dr\u00e1hu st\u0159edo\u0161kolsk\u00fdch u\u010ditel\u016f t\u011bchto p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f. Zapisoval je i R. Schneider (1881\u20131955), pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prvn\u00ed \u0159editel St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho, a po Augustinovi a Hanzl\u00edkovi v po\u0159ad\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed profesor meteorologie a klimatologie na Karlov\u011b univerzit\u011b [43].<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">K rozd\u011blen\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 \u010dinnosti prof. Augustina na \u010d\u00e1st meteorologickou a \u010d\u00e1st hydrometeorologickou m\u011b vedla skute\u010dnost, \u017ee do jeho doby se v \u010cech\u00e1ch klimatologov\u00e9 nev\u011bnovali hydrologick\u00e9 problematice v\u016fbec, anebo jen zcela okrajov\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>3.1 Meteorolog<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Augustin navazoval p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na publikace n\u011bkolika v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f (K. Kreil, K. Fritsch, K. Jel\u00ednek), kte\u0159\u00ed pracovali na Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b v Klementinu, a to a\u017e do sv\u00e9ho odchodu do V\u00eddn\u011b, kde byl v roce 1851 z\u0159\u00edzen \u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fastav pro meteorologii a zemsk\u00fd magnetismus [44, 48]. Tato ud\u00e1lost m\u011bla krom\u011b jin\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro kvalitu meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech, proto\u017ee vedla k omezen\u00ed po\u010dtu pozorovac\u00edch m\u00edst. Augustin se proto sna\u017eil obnovit a zahustit \u0159idnouc\u00ed stani\u010dn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 a zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00edskan\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f prosp\u011bt hlavn\u011b \u010desk\u00e9mu zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed [16].<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zdaleka nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed Augustin\u016fv spis pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 o teplotn\u00edch pom\u011brech Sudetsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed [9] (obr. 2). Zpracovan\u00fd materi\u00e1l poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech, Moravy, z\u00e1padn\u00edho Slezska, Horn\u00edch a Doln\u00edch Rakous a\u017e k Dunaji, a sousedn\u00edch kraj\u016f Bavor, Saska a prusk\u00e9ho Slezska (geografick\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy podle Augustina, r\u016fzn\u00e9 teplotn\u00ed charakteristiky byly vypo\u010dteny z 360 stanic). V prvn\u00edm d\u00edlu jsou pops\u00e1ny metody zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, uvedeny statistick\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty a hodnoty m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch pr\u016fm\u011br\u016f teploty vzduchu, v druh\u00e9m d\u00edlu vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed gradienty teploty vzduchu v jednotliv\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch a ur\u010dit\u00fdch oblastech, nap\u0159. v Kru\u0161n\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch a na \u0160umav\u011b, a to pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 stupn\u011b po stometrov\u00fdch intervalech. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b podrobn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed o t\u011bchto gradientech s p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi p\u0159epo\u010dty na hladinu mo\u0159e byla pak zakreslena mapa izoterem v \u010cech\u00e1ch a na Morav\u011b v m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch leden a \u010dervenec bez ohledu na nadmo\u0159skou v\u00fd\u0161ku. Nap\u0159. v lednu m\u00e1 nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teplotu \u20132,6 \u00b0C oblast kolem Tel\u010de, kde\u017eto vrcholov\u00e9 partie \u0160umavy jen \u20131,0 \u00b0C.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V letech 1879\u20131889 Augustin publikoval \u010detn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se podneb\u00ed Prahy [3, 8, 15, 17, 26\u201330], v nich\u017e je detailn\u011b analyzov\u00e1n denn\u00ed a ro\u010dn\u00ed chod teploty vzduchu, sr\u00e1\u017eek, obla\u010dnosti aj. Nap\u0159. z denn\u00edho chodu sr\u00e1\u017eek vyplynulo, \u017ee v ro\u010dn\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011bru se vyskytuje hlavn\u00ed maximum mezi 16\u201317 h, podru\u017en\u00e9 mezi 21\u201322 h a 9\u201310 h, hlavn\u00ed minimum je r\u00e1no mezi 3\u20134 h. Bylo by u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 tyto v\u00fdsledky porovnat s nov\u00fdmi poznatky.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">O tom, \u017ee ani 50let\u00e1 \u0159ada pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch intenzivn\u00edch de\u0161\u0165\u016f nen\u00ed dosti dlouh\u00e1, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed Augustin\u016fv v\u00fdrok z roku 1882 [15]: <em>Lij\u00e1ky neb\u00fdvaj\u00ed v Praze tuze prudk\u00e9, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed lijavec v tuto dobu 27. 5. 1881 vydal 54 mm vody<\/em>. Jak v\u00edme, ve 20. stolet\u00ed spadlo v Klementinu 87 mm p\u0159i lijavci a 90 mm p\u0159i trval\u00e9m de\u0161ti. V t\u00e9m\u017e p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku byla zji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1na i prognostick\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost na z\u00e1klad\u011b perzistence: <em>S\u00a0pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed dvou proti jedn\u00e9, neb ve 100 p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u011bl srpen stejnou povahu s (p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm) \u010dervencem 67kr\u00e1t a jen 33kr\u00e1t povahu rozd\u00edlnou.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ze stanice Praha-Klementinum se uv\u00e1d\u00ed tak\u00e9 n\u011bkolik konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch extr\u00e9mn\u00edch teplot, kter\u00e9 nesouhlas\u00ed s\u00a0databankou \u010cHM\u00da. Tak nap\u0159. 22. 1. 1850 klesl teplom\u011br na \u201327,0 \u00b0C, nejv\u00fd\u0161e dostoupil 23. 8. 1853 na 37,0 \u00b0C. V tabel\u00e1rn\u00edm p\u0159ehledu klementinsk\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed [47] jsou v\u0161ak uvedeny hodnoty odli\u0161n\u00e9, a to \u201326,8 \u00b0C (co\u017e je\u0161t\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt akceptov\u00e1no), av\u0161ak u druh\u00e9 hodnoty \u010din\u00ed rozd\u00edl 1,7 \u00b0C. Pochybnosti o spr\u00e1vnosti extr\u00e9mn\u00edch teplot v Klementinu \u00a0yvol\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nek [12], kter\u00fd neobsahuje kupodivu ani B\u011blohlav\u016fv seznam; Augustin v n\u011bm p\u00ed\u0161e \u2026<em>dne 14. 1. 1799 byla teplota a\u017e \u201329,0 \u00b0C, je\u017e je dosud nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed pozorovanou teplotou v Praze<\/em>. Podle [47] byla minim\u00e1ln\u00ed teplota toho dne jen \u201324,6 \u00b0C, a jako absolutn\u00ed klementinsk\u00e9 minimum se uv\u00e1d\u00ed hodnota \u201327,6 \u00b0C ze dne 1. 3. 1785. Tyto nesrovnalosti v jednotliv\u00fdch hodnot\u00e1ch se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b u\u017e asi nepoda\u0159\u00ed v budoucnu odstranit.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kritick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup prof. Augustina k n\u011bkter\u00fdm neov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm tvrzen\u00edm je patrn\u00fd v citovan\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku: <em>Ot\u00e1zka o \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch les\u016f na odtok vody jest dosud sporn\u00e1 a bude pot\u0159eb\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159it d\u016fkladn\u011b, jak se zm\u011bnil stav les\u016f od doby, od kter\u00e9 se d\u011bje m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vod.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V pr\u00e1ci o ro\u010dn\u00ed period\u011b sm\u011bru v\u011btru [31], op\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed se o \u00fadaje z asi 700 stanic p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b severn\u00ed polokoule, zjistil ur\u010dit\u00e9 pravidelnosti v jeho st\u00e1\u010den\u00ed. O vysv\u011btlen\u00ed se pokusil J. Kr\u00e1tk\u00fd [41], av\u0161ak poznamenal, \u017ee p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed zat\u00edm nevysv\u011btleny.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost zasluhuje \u010dl\u00e1nek [10], ve kter\u00e9m Augustin zjistil, \u017ee v chladn\u00e9m l\u00e9t\u011b 1888 se vyskytlo mnohem v\u00edce bou\u0159ek ne\u017e v jin\u00fdch teplotn\u011b norm\u00e1ln\u00edch l\u00e9tech. P\u00ed\u0161e: <em>Z tohoto velk\u00e9ho po\u010dtu pozn\u00e1v\u00e1me, \u017ee \u010dast\u00e9 objevov\u00e1n\u00ed se bou\u0159ky nen\u00ed podm\u00edn\u011bno pouze vysokou teplotou vzduchu, n\u00fdbr\u017e tak\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b jin\u00fdmi \u010diniteli, jich\u017e p\u016fsoben\u00ed bude<\/em> <em>lze nejl\u00e9pe tam vystopovati, kde se, jako nap\u0159. v\u00a0sousedn\u00edm Bavorsku a Sasku, pozoruje bou\u0159ka ve velik\u00fdch rozm\u011brech. D\u00e1le: Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 bou\u0159ky, prov\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed je \u010dasto lij\u00e1ky a krupobit\u00edm, povst\u00e1vaj\u00edce p\u0159\u00edvalem vlhk\u00e9ho a chladn\u00e9ho vzduchu oceanick\u00e9ho na oteplenou pevninu, nep\u016fsob\u00ed chladna, n\u00fdbr\u017e p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00ed a oznamuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchod chladn\u00e9ho mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho vzduchu \u2026 P\u0159i klidn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm po\u010das\u00ed letn\u00edm dostavuj\u00ed se v\u00edce lok\u00e1ln\u00ed bou\u0159ky a de\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 de\u0161t\u011b a bou\u0159ky oceanick\u00e9 a nep\u016fsob\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho trval\u00e9ho ochlazen\u00ed vzduchu.<\/em> Vid\u00edme, \u017ee tehdy u\u017e byl jen mal\u00fd kr\u016f\u010dek k odhalen\u00ed existence atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch front (v na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b studen\u00fdch). V citovan\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku je tak\u00e9 popisov\u00e1na povod\u0148ov\u00e1 situace po srpnov\u00fdch de\u0161t\u00edch.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Problematiku bou\u0159ek i pozd\u011bji Augustin studoval na z\u00e1klad\u011b hust\u00e9 pozorovac\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, kterou s\u00e1m organizoval a \u0159\u00eddil. Provedl d\u016fkladn\u00fd rozbor ro\u010dn\u00edho a denn\u00edho chodu, sm\u011bru a rychlosti tahu bou\u0159ek, a sledoval i \u010detnosti krupobit\u00ed se statistick\u00fdmi \u00fadaji o \u0161kod\u00e1ch. Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee zat\u00edmco od kv\u011btna do \u010dervna v obou letech p\u0159ipadal nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det hodin s\u00a0bou\u0159kou na odpoledn\u00ed hodiny, v srpnu se toto maximum p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b posunulo a\u017e do pozdn\u00edch ve\u010dern\u00edch hodin. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 rychlost tahu bou\u0159ek v roce 1906 byla 30\u201335 km\/h [2].<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">F. Augustin si byl v\u011bdom nereprezentativnosti teploty vzduchu na n\u00e1dvo\u0159\u00ed Klementina a rovn\u011b\u017e tak m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek na st\u0159e\u0161e budovy. Nap\u0159. na z\u00e1klad\u011b takto nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch n\u00edzk\u00fdch \u00fahrn\u016f sr\u00e1\u017eek se dlouho p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo, \u017ee v\u016fbec nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b jsou v Praze (nikoliv na \u017datecku). Proto se sna\u017eil vybudovat v Praze jinou stanici mimo st\u0159ed m\u011bsta. K tomu nastala p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost, kdy\u017e byla otev\u0159ena 60 m vysok\u00e1 pet\u0159\u00ednsk\u00e1 rozhledna v roce 1891. P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm rokem se zde u\u017e<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">za\u010dala meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdsledky [6] byly zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1ny dokonce i v denn\u00edm tisku. M\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ehledy se pak vyd\u00e1valy od roku 1894 v [13] ve V\u011bstn\u00edku \u010cesk\u00e9 akademie (obr. 3). V pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu byla tato stanice roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena na stanici I. t\u0159\u00eddy [1] instalac\u00ed nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch registra\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f na m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tlaku a teploty vzduchu, sm\u011bru a rychlosti v\u011btru a slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu. Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed trvaj\u00edc\u00ed nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b 12 let se konala v hodinov\u00fdch intervalech. Z rozd\u00edl\u016f nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 teploty vzduchu v r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch rozhledny se z\u00edskaly velice cenn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky k v\u00fdpo\u010dtu vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch teplotn\u00edch gradient\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly v \u010cech\u00e1ch naprosto unik\u00e1tn\u00ed. Porovn\u00e1n\u00edm nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch hodnot na Pet\u0159\u00edn\u011b a v Klementinu na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozd\u00edl\u016f v\u00a0nadmo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch mohl prof. Augustin zji\u0161\u0165ovat i vliv tepeln\u00e9ho ostrova velkom\u011bsta.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V souvislosti s pozn\u00e1mkou [42] je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee bez pojmu konvekce se obe\u0161el i prof. Hanzl\u00edk ve sv\u00e9 u\u010debnici z\u00a0roku 1956. Augustin tohoto pojmu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 (i kdy\u017e z\u0159\u00eddka), av\u0161ak nevysv\u011btluje ho ani v Ottov\u011b slovn\u00edku [49]. Ur\u010ditou averzi v\u016f\u010di tomuto term\u00ednu nelze pr\u00e1v\u011b u Hanzl\u00edka, objevitele tepl\u00fdch a studen\u00fdch anticyklon, vylou\u010dit, nebo\u0165 byl zcela ur\u010dit\u011b obezn\u00e1men s \u201ekonvek\u010dn\u00ed teori\u00ed\u201c, proti kter\u00e9 se koncem 19. stolet\u00ed za\u010daly hroziv\u011b stav\u011bt v\u00fdsledky pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na vysokohorsk\u00fdch stanic\u00edch, jak o tom podrobn\u011bji napsal J. Frejlach (1867\u20131898) [44]: <em>Je-li \u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed (zhu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed) vzduchu, jak se n\u00e1m jev\u00ed uvnit\u0159 cyklon\u016f (anticyklon\u016f) vskutku prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou v\u00fdjev\u016f, je\u017e maj\u00ed za n\u00e1sledek v\u00fdstup (\u010di sestup) proud\u011bn\u00ed atd., pak mus\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00fd sloup v cyklonu m\u00edt naprosto vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplotu ne\u017e v anticyklonu. Nen\u00ed-li v\u0161ak tomu tak, tu mus\u00ed z\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu uvnit\u0159 deprese b\u00fdt n\u00e1sledkem hybu v\u00ed\u0159iv\u00e9ho a nikoliv tento hyb n\u00e1sledkem z\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed. Z pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na vysok\u00fdch stanic\u00edch (Sonnblick) vysv\u00edt\u00e1, \u017ee ve vysok\u00fdch vrstv\u00e1ch vzduchu panuj\u00ed mnohdy pom\u011bry zcela zvr\u00e1cen\u00e9 a \u017ee nez\u0159\u00eddka cel\u00fd sloupec vzdu\u0161n\u00fd uvnit\u0159 anticyklonu jest mnohem teplej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e uvnit\u0159 sousedn\u00ed deprese<\/em> [34].<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Toto je jen jedna zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 uk\u00e1zka z v\u011bdeck\u00fdch polemik koncem 19. stolet\u00ed o fundament\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9mech rod\u00edc\u00ed se dynamick\u00e9 meteorologie, kter\u00fdch je v Augustinov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkter\u00e9 n\u00e1zory na vznik sr\u00e1\u017eek jsou z pohledu dne\u0161n\u00edch poznatk\u016f d\u00e1vno p\u0159ekonan\u00e9, co\u017e je ve v\u011bd\u011b zcela obvykl\u00e9. Kdo\u017e v\u00ed, jak bude pohl\u00ed\u017eeno na na\u0161e sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u201enejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c n\u00e1zory v budoucnu po v\u00edce jak 100 letech? Frejlachovy \u010dl\u00e1nky [38] byly k n\u011bkter\u00fdm uzn\u00e1van\u00fdm teori\u00edm velmi kritick\u00e9. Zd\u00e1 se, \u0159e\u010deno s trochou ironie, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b proto se tento nadan\u00fd v\u011bdec marn\u011b uch\u00e1zel o docenturu na Karlov\u011b univerzit\u011b a a\u017e do sv\u00e9 p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 smrti mohl vyu\u010dovat jen na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Rozhodn\u011b by proto nebylo vhodn\u00e9, abychom pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku poukazovali na \u010detn\u00e9 omyly panuj\u00edc\u00ed v t\u00e9 dob\u011b zejm\u00e9na na poli fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">B\u011bhem 20 let vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Ottova slovn\u00edku nau\u010dn\u00e9ho [49] v letech 1888\u20131908 vypracoval Augustin v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 hesel pod zkratkou \u201eAg.\u201c, po\u010d\u00ednaje prvn\u00edm heslem Afganistan \u2013 podneb\u00ed a kon\u010de posledn\u00edm V\u00edtr. Pro ur\u010dit\u00e9 zem\u011b nebo \u00fazemn\u00ed celky vypracoval v\u017edy \u010d\u00e1st, kter\u00e1 se t\u00fdkala podneb\u00ed. Z n\u011bkter\u00fdch hesel nap\u0159. jmenujme: Alpy, Amerika, d\u00e9\u0161\u0165, de\u0161\u0165opis, Evropa, meteorologie, podneb\u00ed, pov\u011btrnost, sn\u00edh a teplota vzduchu. V\u016fbec nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed je popis podneb\u00ed u hesla \u010cechy (odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed asi 20 stran\u00e1m A4). \u010cechy byly rozd\u011bleny do sedmi \u201eokrsk\u016f\u201c: kru\u0161nohorsk\u00fd, sudetsk\u00fd, polabsk\u00fd, berounsk\u00fd, vltavsk\u00fd, \u0161umavsk\u00fd a \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e9 vyso\u010diny. V tomto rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9m hesle Augustin popisuje nap\u0159. dlouhodob\u00e9 kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek: <em>Po dlouh\u00e9m suchu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 20 let p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edm v l. 1856\u201376 s nejmen\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00ed de\u0161t\u011b v l. 1861\u201365,<\/em> <em>panuje od r. 1877 v\u011bt\u0161inou mokro, kter\u00e9 v l. 1886\u201390 dostoupilo nejv\u00fd\u0161e. <\/em>V hesle je tak\u00e9 uveden vztah odtoku ke sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m (na z\u00e1klad\u011b pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdch pr\u016ftok\u016f Labe v D\u011b\u010d\u00edn\u011b) a zm\u00ednka o \u010detnosti povodn\u00ed sn\u011bhov\u00fdch a de\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdch. Ani v Ottov\u011b slovn\u00edku nen\u00ed tedy opom\u00edjena hydrometeorologick\u00e1 problematika.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>3.2 Hydrometeorolog<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jak ji\u017e bylo uvedeno v souvislosti s Ottov\u00fdm slovn\u00edkem, Augustin v\u011bnoval i v jin\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch pozornost hydrologick\u00e9 problematice. V pr\u00e1ci o kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed hladiny vody ve Vltav\u011b [32] ji v\u0161ak \u0159e\u0161\u00ed zevrubn\u011b: jde o rozbor pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch vodn\u00edch stav\u016f v Praze za obdob\u00ed 1825\u20131890. P\u0159i t\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti je t\u0159eba s politov\u00e1n\u00edm konstatovat, \u017ee origin\u00e1ln\u00ed denn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy za l\u00e9ta 1825\u20131875 se p\u0159es ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed nepoda\u0159ilo v archivech dosud nal\u00e9zt.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1eefb9c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1eefb9c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f5ec5d6\" data-id=\"f5ec5d6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c1b63f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0c1b63f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2_hrob-Augustina-2008.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"2_hrob Augustina 2008\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTA4NiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cDpcL1wvd3d3LmNtZXMuY3pcL3dlYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyM1wvMTBcLzJfaHJvYi1BdWd1c3RpbmEtMjAwOC5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"454\" height=\"663\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2_hrob-Augustina-2008.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1086\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2_hrob-Augustina-2008.jpg 454w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2_hrob-Augustina-2008-205x300.jpg 205w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 454px) 100vw, 454px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b90db9\" data-id=\"6b90db9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35ab07e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35ab07e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jedna z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch publikac\u00ed [21] pe\u010dliv\u011b analyzuje katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159ijovou povode\u0148 v roce 1890 po meteorologick\u00e9 i hydrologick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce. Z historick\u00e9ho pohledu to byl prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad u n\u00e1s, kdy byly vyu\u017eity ji\u017e tehdy vyd\u00e1van\u00e9 synoptick\u00e9 mapy. Ud\u00e1lost byla v tehdej\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b i pro Augustina jist\u00fdm p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, nebo\u0165 cyklona, v jej\u00ed\u017e oblasti by m\u011blo podle tehdej\u0161\u00edch poznatk\u016f nejv\u00edce pr\u0161et, se v bl\u00edzkosti \u00fazem\u00ed posti\u017een\u00e9ho n\u011bkolikadenn\u00edmi trval\u00fdmi de\u0161ti v povod\u00ed Vltavy v\u016fbec nevyskytovala. Velice instruktivn\u00ed je v t\u00e9to publikaci rozlo\u017een\u00ed tlaku vzduchu a sr\u00e1\u017eek ve dnech 1. \u2013 4. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1890 (obr. 4), kter\u00e9 bezprost\u0159edn\u011b p\u0159edch\u00e1zely povodni. Augustin p\u00ed\u0161e: <em>Barometrick\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eek op\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed se o Alpy v\u00fdchodn\u00ed m\u011bl na stranu \u2026 k barometrick\u00e9mu minimu velice p\u0159\u00edkr\u00fd sp\u00e1d, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b od 2. \u2013 4. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u2026 Dne 2. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vid\u00edme nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozd\u00edly tlakom\u011brn\u00e9 mezi Mnichovem a T\u00e1borem 5,8 mm \u2026 kde byly isobary nejt\u011bsn\u011bji pohromad\u011b, tam \u2026 panovaly nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed lij\u00e1ky \u2026 de\u0161t\u011b padaly t\u00edm siln\u011bji, \u010d\u00edm rychleji tlakom\u011br stoupal.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ce bylo mo\u017eno porovn\u00e1vat povode\u0148 z roku 1890 s obdobn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edpady z ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 doby (nap\u0159. ze srpna 2002). Prof. Augustin pozd\u011bji publikoval o t\u00e9to povodni je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky [20, 23], ale ji\u017e ve zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9 verzi.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c534f02 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c534f02\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-85a5b49\" data-id=\"85a5b49\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e72f647 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e72f647\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Synoptick\u00e9 mapy Augustin pova\u017eoval v\u016fbec za z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pom\u016fcku pro anal\u00fdzu nap\u0159. bou\u0159\u00ed v Evrop\u011b r. 1894 [14], a zejm\u00e9na pak extr\u00e9mn\u00edch de\u0161\u0165\u016f v \u010dervenci 1897 [7], kdy v Jizersk\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch u n\u00e1s spadlo rekordn\u00ed denn\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek 345,1 mm, kter\u00e9 nebylo dosud p\u0159ekon\u00e1no.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V roce 1893 byly \u010cechy posti\u017eeny opa\u010dn\u00fdm extr\u00e9mem \u2013 velk\u00fdm suchem, na kter\u00e9 Augustin reagoval rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkem [25]. Z\u00e1sluhou E. Vesel\u00e9ho byla podstatn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st t\u00e9to publikace uve\u0159ejn\u011bna v souvislosti s dozn\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi n\u00e1sledky katastrof\u00e1ln\u00edho sucha ve vegeta\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed r. 1947 [53]. Podle Vesel\u00e9ho <em>Prof. Augustin pozvedl \u2013 snad prvn\u00ed \u2013 ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u0159ed p\u016fl stolet\u00edm varovn\u00fd hlas odborn\u00edka, aby se p\u0159estalo vyu\u017e\u00edvat p\u016fdy jednostrann\u011b k co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdnos\u016fm zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch plodin. Podn\u011btem mu byl k tomu z\u0159ejm\u011b such\u00fd rok 1893.<\/em> V \u010dl\u00e1nku jsou tak\u00e9 v nezkr\u00e1cen\u00e9m zn\u011bn\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u011bny n\u00e1zory prof. Augustina, aby se mohly porovnat s t\u011bmi dne\u0161n\u00edmi.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Augustin tak\u00e9 zas\u00e1hl do vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 oblasti, kdy\u017e se m\u011bla zajistit pitn\u00e1 voda z Radot\u00ednsk\u00e9ho potoka [4]. P\u0159i tom pouk\u00e1zal na v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e9 pom\u011bry a \u017e\u00e1dal, aby se nejprve p\u0159esn\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159ila denn\u00ed dod\u00e1vka vody nejen za dob de\u0161\u0165\u016f, n\u00fdbr\u017e i za dob sucha.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Vz\u00e1jemn\u00fd vztah hydrologick\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na pr\u016fb\u011bhu po\u010das\u00ed Augustin n\u00e1zorn\u011b dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159i charakteristice m\u011bs\u00edce \u00fanora 1893: <em>Tepl\u00fdmi v\u011btry odstran\u011bny byly sn\u011bhy, je\u017e napadly v\u0161ude ve velk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed a siln\u00e9 ledy pokr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed rybn\u00edky a \u0159eky, je\u017e budily obavy p\u0159ed povodn\u00ed. Av\u0161ak velk\u00e1 voda se nedostavila, jeliko\u017e t\u00e1n\u00ed sn\u011bhu bylo celkem m\u00edrn\u00e9, tak\u017ee n\u00e1sledkem toho se \u0159eky nerozvodnily n\u00e1hle a led neodch\u00e1zel ve stejnou dobu. Pouze na doln\u00ed Vltav\u011b nastalo nakupen\u00edm ledu lok\u00e1ln\u00ed zadr\u017een\u00ed a zd\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed vody<\/em> [12].<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jedna z posledn\u00edch Augustinov\u00fdch prac\u00ed [24] sleduje zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti v\u00fdskytu sn\u011bhov\u00e9 pokr\u00fdvky v zim\u011b 1906\/07 v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na pr\u016fb\u011bhu po\u010das\u00ed. Mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f nepochybn\u011b sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o Augustinov\u011b snaze propojovat poznatky meteorologick\u00e9 s hydrologick\u00fdmi. Sem spad\u00e1 i jeho \u00fasil\u00ed o z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu pro meteorologii a hydrologii, co\u017e dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 jeho podpora ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho n\u00e1vrhu, kter\u00fd podal v roce 1891 in\u017een\u00fdr Jan Kaftan na sn\u011bmu Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho [44]. K t\u00e9to v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 organiza\u010dn\u00ed zm\u011bn\u011b u n\u00e1s do\u0161lo a\u017e v roce 1954 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Praze.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ol start=\"4\"><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong> Popularizace a organiz\u00e1torsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ol><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jak ji\u017e bylo poznamen\u00e1no, Augustinova popularita pramenila hlavn\u011b z meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed konan\u00fdch na pet\u0159\u00ednsk\u00e9 rozhledn\u011b, a z po\u010dtu jej\u00edch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f za dlouh\u00e1 l\u00e9ta provozu. Prof. Augustin se s\u00e1m pod\u00edlel na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed i vlastn\u00edmi finan\u010dn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky (!). Na rozhledn\u011b se vyskytla cel\u00e1 \u0159ada probl\u00e9m\u016f; nap\u0159. p\u0159i m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed anemometrem s kyvadlov\u00fdmi hodinami nastaly pot\u00ed\u017ee za vich\u0159ice. Augustin poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1: <em>Jeliko\u017e se prudk\u00fdmi n\u00e1razy v\u011btru v\u011b\u017e siln\u011b ot\u0159\u00e1sala a k\u00fdvadlo u hodin nar\u00e1\u017eelo se strany na st\u011bnu, hodiny se pak \u010dasto zastavovaly.<\/em> Za pozornost stoj\u00ed nap\u0159. kr\u00e1tk\u00fd popul\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek [5], v n\u011bm\u017e byl pops\u00e1n Bishop\u016fv kruh kolem Slunce vznikl\u00fd v d\u016fsledku prachu, kter\u00fd byl vyvr\u017een obrovsk\u00fdm v\u00fdbuchem sopky Krakatoa v roce 1883.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V \u010dl\u00e1nku o p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed [22] \u010dteme: <em>Nem\u016f\u017ee-li se zalo\u017eiti prognosa na b\u011bhu slunce, kter\u00e9 jest hlavn\u00edm p\u016fvodcem zjev\u016f pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b je mo\u017eno p\u0159edpov\u00eddati pov\u011btrnost ze skvrn slune\u010dn\u00edch nebo z p\u0159\u00edta\u017elivosti m\u011bs\u00edce, nebo\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinek t\u011bchto \u010dinitel\u016f na mo\u0159e vzduchov\u00e9 jest mnohem slab\u0161\u00ed ne\u017eli p\u016fsoben\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e slune\u010dn\u00ed.<\/em> Toto Augustinovo vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed je nep\u0159\u00edmou odpov\u011bd\u00ed na tehdej\u0161\u00ed myln\u00e9 n\u00e1zory a \u010dinnost proslaven\u00e9ho a velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00edho v\u011bdce V. K. Zengera (1830\u20131908), kter\u00fd p\u0159ed pov\u00eddal po\u010das\u00ed i na del\u0161\u00ed dobu nap\u0159. jen podle fotografi\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00edch skvrn (?!).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zat\u00edmco se v mnoha zem\u00edch rakousk\u00e9ho mocn\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed situace v meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00edch v 2. polovin\u011b 19. stol. pozvolna zlep\u0161ovala, v \u010cech\u00e1ch tomu bylo naopak. Tyto zdej\u0161\u00ed neut\u011b\u0161en\u00e9 pom\u011bry Augustina velmi skli\u010dovaly, a proto se sna\u017eil o vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed modern\u00ed a dostate\u010dn\u00e9 hust\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b pozorovac\u00edch stanic. Ve stati o pot\u0159eb\u011b nov\u011b zorganizovat meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cech\u00e1ch [18] podrobn\u011b vyl\u00ed\u010dil p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny tohoto \u00fapadku. Podobn\u011b vyzn\u00edv\u00e1 i jeho dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce [16] vydan\u00e1 o deset let pozd\u011bji. Pro \u00faplnost zd\u016fraz\u0148uji, \u017ee v t\u00e9 dob\u011b u n\u00e1s velmi dob\u0159e fungovala sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165, jedna z\u00a0nejhust\u0161\u00edch na sv\u011bt\u011b (!), veden\u00e1 prof. F. Studni\u010dkou (1836\u20131933).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Augustinova organiz\u00e1torsk\u00e1 aktivita se projevila tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee se stal zakladatelem a \u0159editelem de\u0161\u0165om\u011brn\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b zhruba 20 stanic v Praze a okol\u00ed osazen\u00e9 ombrografy, kter\u00e1 byla zalo\u017eena v roce 1896 pro \u00fa\u010dely kanaliza\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Velk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed projevoval po dlouh\u00e1 l\u00e9ta, jak ji\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, pet\u0159\u00ednsk\u00fdm meteorologick\u00fdm pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e1 rovn\u011b\u017e \u0159\u00eddil. M\u00e1 rovn\u011b\u017e nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sluhu na vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159echodn\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b asi 600 stanic pro systematick\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed bou\u0159ek, pop\u0159. krupobit\u00ed, z\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 podle rakousk\u00e9ho vzoru.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Prof. Augustin nav\u0161t\u00edvil n\u011bkolik meteorologick\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f v N\u011bmecku (Magdeburg, Lipsko, Berl\u00edn, Postupim a Hamburk). V posledn\u011b jmenovan\u00e9m dokonce po del\u0161\u00ed dobu pracoval [11] a sezn\u00e1mil se s mnoha p\u0159edn\u00edmi meteorology. P\u00ed\u0161e: <em>Z vynikaj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f \u00fastavu seznal jsem \u2026 velezaslou\u017eil\u00e9ho meteorologa van Bebbra <\/em>(podle n\u011bj poch\u00e1z\u00ed klasifikace postupu st\u0159ed\u016f cyklon se zn\u00e1mou drahou Vb), <em>p\u0159ednostu t\u0159et\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed, je\u017e jest za\u0159\u00edzeno k telegrafov\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u011btrnosti a d\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdstrah p\u0159ed vich\u0159icemi.<\/em> Pozn\u00e1val vzornou organizaci \u00fastav\u016f, kde se meteorologie p\u011bstovala na \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 \u00farovni. A pr\u00e1v\u011b odtud pramen\u00ed jeho trval\u00e1 snaha z\u0159\u00eddit podobn\u00fd centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav v \u010cech\u00e1ch, co\u017e bylo z\u0159ejm\u011b nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vyty\u010den\u00fdm c\u00edlem jeho \u017eivota. N\u011bkolik let zpracov\u00e1val projekty cel\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, d\u011blal n\u00e1vrhy a propo\u010dty pro sv\u00e9 budouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed \u00fastavu, d\u011blal n\u00e1vrhy a propo\u010dty pro sv\u00e9 budouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed. S. Hanzl\u00edk v z\u00e1v\u011bru sv\u00e9ho nekrologu [36] v t\u00e9 souvislosti uvedl: <em>Kdy\u017e se po\u010dalo s vybudov\u00e1n\u00edm nov\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f, dom\u00e1hal se z prvn\u00edch pro svou stolici p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho \u00fastavu pro meteorologii a klimatologii, kter\u00fd by vyhovoval modern\u00edm po\u017eadavk\u016fm a nebyl jen u\u010dili\u0161t\u011bm a observato\u0159\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e i jak\u00fdmsi zemsk\u00fdm \u00fastavem meteorologick\u00fdm. Rozvrhy na tento \u00fastav, jen\u017e m\u011bl \u010diniti \u010d\u00e1st budovy stoj\u00edc\u00ed naproti \u010desk\u00e9mu universitn\u00edmu \u00fastavu fysik\u00e1ln\u00edmu, byly mnohokr\u00e1t p\u0159epracov\u00e1ny, a\u017e na z\u00e1klad\u011b definitivn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f do\u0161lo minul\u00e9ho roku ke stavb\u011b. \u2013 Vzpom\u00edn\u00e1m jeho posledn\u00edho pobytu v nov\u00e9 budov\u011b, kdy\u017e byla dostav\u011bna do t\u0159et\u00edho poschod\u00ed, asi m\u011bs\u00edc p\u0159ed jeho smrt\u00ed. A\u010d churav, vystoupil dosti lehce do nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho patra a vida voln\u00fd rozhled, \u2026 byl velice pot\u011b\u0161en.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p><ol start=\"5\"><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong> Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ol><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Osobnosti v\u011bdy, jakou byl profesor F. Augustin, zakladatel modern\u00ed meteorologie v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, je t\u0159eba \u010dasto a p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech p\u0159ipom\u00ednat mlad\u00e9 generaci v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f a adept\u016fm v\u011bdy, nebo\u0165 u nich mohou nal\u00e9zt lidsk\u00fd vzor a inspiraci pro vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. U prof. Augustina mohou obdivovat p\u00edli, c\u00edlev\u011bdomost a vytrvalost, s jakou usiloval o povznesen\u00ed meteorologie cestou vedouc\u00ed od z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat v pozorovac\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch a na experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed stanici a\u017e k vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu. Mohou \u017easnout nad \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed jeho odborn\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f, kter\u00e9 spojoval s\u00a0praktick\u00fdmi pot\u0159ebami spole\u010dnosti. A mohou tak\u00e9 oce\u0148ovat jeho snahu vychov\u00e1vat si zdatn\u00e9 n\u00e1stupce. O jeho podpo\u0159e sv\u00e9ho nadan\u00e9ho \u017e\u00e1ka, Stanislava Hanzl\u00edka, kter\u00e9mu otv\u00edral dve\u0159e ve v\u011bhlasn\u00fdch \u00fastavech za jeho zahrani\u010dn\u00edch studijn\u00edch pobyt\u016f, stoj\u00ed napsat v samostatn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3238900 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3238900\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8604359\" data-id=\"8604359\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89591fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"89591fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33_Frantisek-Augustin_z-MZ-2008.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"33_Franti\u0161ek Augustin_z MZ 2008\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTA4NywidXJsIjoiaHR0cDpcL1wvd3d3LmNtZXMuY3pcL3dlYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyM1wvMTBcLzMzX0ZyYW50aXNlay1BdWd1c3Rpbl96LU1aLTIwMDguanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"655\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33_Frantisek-Augustin_z-MZ-2008-655x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1087\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33_Frantisek-Augustin_z-MZ-2008-655x1024.jpg 655w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33_Frantisek-Augustin_z-MZ-2008-192x300.jpg 192w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33_Frantisek-Augustin_z-MZ-2008.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c7be18a\" data-id=\"c7be18a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e844443 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e844443\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Habilitoval se u roce 1883, u roce 1895 byt mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm a 1904 \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm profesorem. Vy\u0161el jako \u0159ada pracovn\u00edk\u016f o t\u011bchto v\u011bd\u00e1ch z \u0159ad geograf\u016f, a jeho budovatelsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce za\u010d\u00ednala v\u0161ude od z\u00e1klad\u016f.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zaj\u00edmal se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o m\u00edstn\u00ed pom\u011bry klimatick\u00e9 u Praze, s\u00e1hl tu nejen k meteorologick\u00fdm pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b v Klementinu, ale organisoval i vedlej\u0161\u00ed s\u00e9rie pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed jednak t\u00edm, \u017ee vybudoval meteorologickou stanici p\u0159i pra\u017esk\u00e9 rozhledn\u011b (dole u vodojemu a 50 metr\u016f nad t\u00edm pod \u201elucernou\u201c, t. j. pod zasklenou galeri\u00ed u nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm pat\u0159e). Stanice se dlouho udr\u017eela a byla zni\u010dena za prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. D\u00e1le zalo\u017eil s\u00edt&#8217; de\u0161\u0165om\u011brn\u00fdch stanic v Praze, je\u017e hustotou na tak mal\u00e9 plo\u0161e nem\u00e1 rovn\u00e9 v cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, a zalo\u017eil i s\u00edt&#8217; stanic pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed bou\u0159ek a krupobit\u00ed u \u010cech\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nez\u016fstal v\u0161ak p\u0159i tom, tanul mu na mysli st\u00e1le pl\u00e1n zemsk\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, kter\u00fd by sb\u00edral a zpracov\u00e1val pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech. Velk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem u tom sm\u011bru byla jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce \u201eTeplotn\u00ed pom\u011bry sudetsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed\u201c, d\u00edl I. a II. P\u0159\u00ed studiu v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu zab\u011bhl i do ot\u00e1zek pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch vztah\u016f v dob\u00e1ch minut\u00fdch a sestavil o tom drobn\u00fd spisek \u201eSucha u \u010cech\u00e1ch v dob\u011b o roku 962\u20131893\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c1725d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c1725d8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e8e32e\" data-id=\"3e8e32e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-393c40f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"393c40f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zprvu nem\u011bl sv\u00e9ho \u00fastavu. Doch\u00e1zel do posluch\u00e1rny \u010d. V. v prvn\u00edm poschod\u00ed v Klementinu, naproti fysik\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u00fastavu Strouhalovu. Pozd\u011bji dostal m\u00edstnosti u Kaulichov\u011b dom\u011b na Karlov\u011b n\u00e1m., ale myslel d\u00e1le a zapojil se do projektu nov\u00e9ho \u00fastavu u novostavb\u011b u Karlova. Vhodn\u011b volil m\u00edsto pro \u00fastav i observato\u0159. Vzpom\u00edn\u00e1m, jak se pot\u011b\u0161il voln\u00fdm rozhledem, kdy\u017e jsem ho naposled doprov\u00e1zel a vystoupili jsme do patra nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu. Pracoval na p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9m vybaven\u00ed budouc\u00edho \u00fastavu, ale vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed se nedo\u010dkal.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Byl to piln\u00fd pracovn\u00edk, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159il, stejn\u011b jako \u0159ada geograf\u016f tehdej\u0161\u00edch dob, klimatick\u00fdmi obrazy m\u00edst z\u00e1kladn\u00ed kam\u00e9nky&#8217; z nich\u017e J. von Hann sestavil mosaikov\u00fd obraz v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 klimatologie a pozd\u011bji vytvo\u0159il z toho svoji slavnou, na tehdej\u0161\u00ed dobu jedine\u010dnou u\u010debnici meteorologie. Jedin\u00fd velk\u00fd svazek sta\u010dil na to, aby obs\u00e1hl v\u0161echny meteorologick\u00e9 v\u011bdomosti tehdej\u0161\u00ed doby.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Listuji ob\u010das u Augustinov\u00fdch p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161k\u00e1ch; jak element\u00e1rn\u00ed byly tehdej\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdomosti z\u00a0meteorologie a klimatologie, a kde jsme dnes!<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Prof. Dr Stanislav Hanzl\u00edk, MZ 1948\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 2, str. 1\u20132<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4cb5c2a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4cb5c2a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-71ad321\" data-id=\"71ad321\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa7e2ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"aa7e2ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Podle vzhledu prof. Augustina na fotografi\u00edch, podle charakteristick\u00e9ho p\u00edsma, jeho\u017e uk\u00e1zku nebylo bohu\u017eel, mo\u017en\u00e9 otisknout pro nedostatek m\u00edsta, a podle vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bch, kdo jej znali, byl to \u010dlov\u011bk laskav\u00fd, dobrosrde\u010dn\u00fd a \u0161t\u011bdr\u00fd. O tom sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edklad skute\u010dnost, \u017ee udr\u017eoval provoz pet\u0159\u00ednsk\u00e9 stanice z vlastn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f! Jak\u00e1 \u0161koda, \u017ee tato stanice zanikla a nemohla b\u00fdt obnovena ani za v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159icet let! Bylo by z\u00e1hodno zalo\u017eit ji znovu, modern\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, a\u017e to bude jednou mo\u017en\u00e9. Z\u00e1znamy registra\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f t\u00e9to stanice vy\u010d\u00edslovali universitn\u00ed poslucha\u010di prof. Augustina, pr\u00fd za \u201ezlatku\u201c za jeden m\u011bs\u00edc n\u011bjak\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho prvku. Takto i jinak se staral o sv\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ky. Proto nep\u0159ekvap\u00ed, \u017ee prof. Hanzl\u00edk ukon\u010dil sv\u016fj posmrtn\u00fd projev slovy: \u201eV srdc\u00edch mno\u017estv\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed po cel\u00e9 \u010dtvrtstolet\u00ed plnili jeho s\u00edn\u011b, z\u016fstane zajist\u00e9 trvale jasn\u00e1 vzpom\u00ednka na laskav\u00e9ho a otcovsk\u00e9ho u\u010ditele.\u201c<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Byl nejenom u\u010ditelem, n\u00fdbr\u017e i vzorem piln\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edka. V B\u011blohlavov\u011b \u201eSeznamu prac\u00ed, pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed a \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, je\u017e napsat prof. Dr Franti\u0161ek Augustin\u201c, z roku 1906, najdeme celkem 114 z\u00e1znam\u016f, krom\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch prac\u00ed. Mnoh\u00e9 z nich se nesly sm\u011brem praktick\u00fdm, kter\u00fd v\u017edy zd\u016fraz\u0148oval. Na p\u0159\u00edkladu ve spisku zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m ve vzpom\u00ednce prof. Hanzl\u00edka naho\u0159e, kde se zab\u00fdval probl\u00e9mem sucha, pal\u010div\u00fdm op\u011bt u dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b. Snad bude mo\u017en\u00e9 otisknout v\u00fd\u0148atky z t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ce z roku 1894 (u seznamu na 60. m\u00edst\u011b), stejn\u011b jako z d\u016fkladn\u011b zalo\u017een\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku \u201eP pot\u0159eb\u011b zorganizovati meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed u \u010cech\u00e1ch\u201c z\u00a0roku 1885 (v seznamu na 22. m\u00edst\u011b). V t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ci zd\u016fraznil slova A. Strnada, uveden\u00e1 jako motto naho\u0159e.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nejenom z nich, n\u00fdbr\u017e i ze snahy vybudovat modern\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav v Praze, kter\u00fd by byl sou\u010dasn\u011b zemsk\u00fdm \u00fastavem pro \u010cechy, je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee prof. Augustin byl tak\u00e9 vlastenecky zalo\u017een. A tento rys povahy jej asi tak\u00e9 vedl, mimo jin\u00e9, k \u00fasil\u00ed o samostatn\u00fd zemsk\u00fd \u00fastav. Nemohl tu\u0161it, \u017ee za deset let po jeho smrti dos\u00e1hne n\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1rod samostatnosti a \u017ee bude mo\u017eno z\u0159\u00eddit \u00fastav pro celou \u010ceskoslovenskou republiku. Trvalo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dtvrt stolet\u00ed, ne\u017e se za\u010dalo napl\u0148ovat neoby\u010dejn\u00e9 a hou\u017eevnat\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed prof. Augustina. Mus\u00edme si uv\u011bdomit, za jak t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch podm\u00ednek a okolnost\u00ed pracoval, jak za\u010d\u00ednal tak\u0159ka z\u00a0ni\u010deho. A kdy\u017e se bl\u00ed\u017eil k c\u00edli, nedop\u0159\u00e1l mu osud, aby se t\u011b\u0161il z v\u00fdsledk\u016f cel\u00e9 sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce po dobu t\u0159\u00ed des\u00edtek let.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Mlad\u0161\u00ed generace \u010deskoslovensk\u00fdch meteorolog\u016f snad ani nev\u00ed mnoho o prof. Augustinovi. A p\u0159ece by m\u011bl b\u00fdt n\u00e1m v\u0161em z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00fdm vzorem tento piln\u00fd a plodn\u00fd pracovn\u00edk. Nebo\u0165 nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, kdo bude skl\u00edzet ovoce na\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, n\u00fdbr\u017e na tom, abychom prosp\u00edvali sv\u00e9 vlasti jako on.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Dr Emil Vesel\u00fd, MZ 1948\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 2, str. 1\u20132<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-16895b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"16895b9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b41e87\" data-id=\"2b41e87\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5af4db1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"5af4db1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-toggle{text-align:left}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{font-weight:700;line-height:1;margin:0;padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;cursor:pointer;outline:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon{display:inline-block;width:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon svg{margin-inline-start:-5px;width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-right{float:right;text-align:right}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-left{float:left;text-align:left}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active{border-bottom:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;display:none}@media (max-width:767px){.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{padding:12px}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:12px 10px}}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-toggle,.e-con>.elementor-widget-toggle{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-9531\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9531\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">a) V\u00fdb\u011br publikac\u00ed F. Augustina<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-9531\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-9531\"><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[1] 1896. Autografick\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy tlaku vzduchu, teploty sm\u011bru a rychlosti v\u011btru na rozhledn\u011b na Pet\u0159\u00edn\u011b v Praze roku 1895. Rozpravy \u010cesk\u00e9 akademie v\u011bd c\u00edsa\u0159e Franti\u0161ka Josefa, t\u0159\u00edda II., V., 16, 18 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[2] 1907, 1908. Beobachtungen der Gewitter und Hagelf\u00e4lle in B\u00f6hmen. J. 1905\u20131906. Jg. 1906\u20131907. Almanach \u010cesk\u00e9 akademie c\u00edsa\u0159e Franti\u0161ka Josefa pro v\u011bdu, slovesnost a um\u011bn\u00ed. 18 s. a 12 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[3] 1880. Das Klima von Prag. Sitzungsberichte der k\u00f6niglichen b\u00f6hmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, mathematischNaturwissenschaftliche Classe, XXXIX, s. 314\u2013345.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[4] 1892. Das Lahowitz\u2013Radotiner Projekt zur Versorgung Prags mit Trinkwasser. Politik, 22. u. 26. Mai 1892.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[5] 1884. Der Braunrothe Ring um die Sonne. Politik, 9. Oct. 1884.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[6] 1904. Der t\u00e4glicher Gang der meteorologischen Ellemente auf der Pet\u0159\u00edn-warte in Prag. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, Jg. XXI, s. 113\u2013129.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[7] 1898. De\u0161t\u011b od 27. a\u017e 31. \u010dervence 1897 v \u010cech\u00e1ch. \u017diva, ro\u010d. VIII, s. 1\u20136.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[8] 1906. Die Niederschl\u00e4ge in Prag. Meterologische Zeitschrift, Jg. XXIII. (Hann-Band der M. Z.), s. 90\u201394.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[9] 1899, 1900. Die Temperaturverh\u00e4ltnisse der Sudetenl\u00e4nder. I. Th., II. Th. Sitzungsberichte \u2026 etc., 86, 100 pag.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[10] 1888. Chladn\u00e9 l\u00e9to roku 1888. Zem\u011bpisn\u00fd sborn\u00edk, ro\u010d. III, s. 134\u2013137.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[11] 1885. Meteorologick\u00e1 cesta po N\u011bmecku. Vesm\u00edr, ro\u010d. XIV, s. 39\u201340, 54\u201355, 62\u201363.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[12] 1893. Meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z rozhledny na Pet\u0159\u00edn\u011b. \u017diva, ro\u010d. III, s. 128.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[13] 1898. Meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z rozhledny na Pet\u0159\u00edn\u011b v Praze r. 1894. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed otisk z V\u011bstn\u00edka \u010cesk\u00e9 akademie c\u00edsa\u0159e Franti\u0161ka Josefa pro v\u011bdy, slovesnost a um\u011bn\u00ed r. 1898.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[14] 1894. O bou\u0159\u00edch v Evrop\u011b ve dnech 16.\u201320. listopadu roku 1893. \u017diva, ro\u010d. IV, s. 9\u201312.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[15] 1882. O klimatick\u00fdch pom\u011brech v Praze. \u010casopis \u010cesk\u00e9ho musea, s. 426\u2013436.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[16] 1895, 1896. O nutnosti p\u011bstovati agr\u00e1rn\u00ed meteorologii v \u010cech\u00e1ch. \u010cesk\u00e9 listy hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9, ro\u010d. III a IV. (Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed otisk 1896).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[17] 1895. O podnebn\u00edch pom\u011brech v Praze. Sborn\u00edk zem\u011bv\u011bdn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, ro\u010d. I, s. 4\u201313, 65\u201379.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[18] 1885. O pot\u0159eb\u011b zorganisovati meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cech\u00e1ch. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed otisk z Athenaea, 20 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[19] 1883. O prom\u011bn\u00e1ch a rozd\u011blen\u00ed tlaku vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho na povrchu zemsk\u00e9m. Vesm\u00edr, ro\u010d. XII, s. 90\u201391, 103\u2013105, 114\u2013115, 150\u2013151.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[20] 1892. O p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1ch a pr\u016fb\u011bhu z\u00e1\u0159ijov\u00e9 povodn\u011b v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch roku 1890. \u010casopis pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed mathematiky a fysiky, ro\u010d. XXI, s. 11\u201331.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[21] 1891. Povode\u0148 v \u010cech\u00e1ch roku 1890. V\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va m\u011bstsk\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly v Praze. 35 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[22] 1900, 1901. Prognosa pov\u011btrnosti, jej\u00ed d\u011bjiny a v\u00fdznam praktick\u00fd. \u010cesk\u00e1 revue, ro\u010d. IV, s. 514\u2013518, 672\u2013676; ro\u010d. V, 810\u2013816, 924\u2013929, 1053\u20131058.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[23] 1892, Regen und \u00dcberschwemmungen im September 1890 n\u00f6rdlich der Alpen. Meterologische Zeitschrift, Jg. IX, s. 128\u2013135.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[24] 1909. Sn\u011bhov\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvka v zim\u011b 1906\/1907. Sborn\u00edk \u010cesk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti zem\u011bv\u011bdn\u00e9, ro\u010d. 15, s. 33\u201338.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[25] 1894. Sucha v \u010cech\u00e1ch v dob\u011b od roku 962\u20131893.Praha: Nakl. A. Reinwart. 27 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[26] 1889. Untersuchungen \u00fcber die Temperatur von Prag. Sitzungsberichte \u2026 etc., II. Bd., No 25, s. 357\u2013384.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[27] 1880. \u00dcber den Einfluss der Bew\u00f6lkung auf den t\u00e4glichen Temperaturgang. Sitzungsberichte \u2026 etc., XXXIX, s. 314\u2013345.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[28] 1879. \u00dcber den t\u00e4glichen Gang der Lufttemperatur in Prag. Sitzungsberichte \u2026 etc., XLIII, s. 408\u2013444.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[29] 1882. \u00dcber den t\u00e4glichen Gang des Luftdruckes. Sitzungsberichte \u2026 etc., XX, s. 146\u2013158.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[30] 1882. \u00dcber den t\u00e4glichen Gang des Regenfalles in Prag. Zeitschrift der \u00f6sterreichischen Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Meteorologie, Bd XVII, s. 243\u2013248.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[31] 1886, 1887. \u00dcber die j\u00e4hrliche Periode der Richtung des Windes. I., II. Theil. Separatabdruck aus den Sitzungsberichte \u2026 etc., s. 1\u201322, s. 486\u2013527.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[32] 1891. \u00dcber die Schwankungen des Wasserstandes der Moldau. Sitzungsberichte \u2026 etc., No. 2, s. 50\u201382.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-9532\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9532\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">b) Ostatn\u00ed publikace<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-9532\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-9532\"><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[33] B\u011aLOHLAV, J., 1906. Seznam prac\u00ed, pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed a \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, je\u017e napsal prof. dr. Franti\u0161ek Augustin (k jeho \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdm narozenin\u00e1m). Praha: Geografick\u00fd \u00fastav \u010desk\u00e9 university. 19 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[34] FREJLACH, J., 1893. O \u00fakolech modern\u00ed meteorologie. \u017diva, ro\u010d. III., s. 238\u2013242.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[35] GREGOR, A., 1959. Pades\u00e1t\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed budovatele \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie. (Franti\u0161ek Augustin). Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 12, \u010d. 1\u20132.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[36] HANZL\u00cdK, S., 1909. O prof. dru. Franti\u0161ku Augustinovi. Sborn\u00edk \u010cesk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti zem\u011bv\u011bdn\u00e9, ro\u010d. XV, \u010d. 2, s. 33\u201338.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[37] HANZL\u00cdK, S., 1948. (profesor Augustin). Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 2, \u010d. 6, s. 126.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[38] H\u00c4UFLER, V., 1967. D\u011bjiny geografie na Universit\u011b Karlov\u011b 1348\u20131967. Praha: Karolinum. 424 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[39] KAKOS, V., 1996. Prvn\u00ed profesor meteorologie. Na\u0161e rodina, \u010d. 31, s. 10.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[40] KAKOS, V., 1996. 150. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed narozen\u00ed prof. dr. Franti\u0161ka Augustina. Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 49, \u010d. 4, s. 128.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[41] KR\u00c1TK\u00dd, J., 1911. Jevy pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed (meteorologick\u00e9). Plze\u0148. 444 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[42] KR\u0160KA, K., 2008. O parn\u00edm tlaku a teplot\u011b vzduchov\u00e9. Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 61, \u010d. 1. s. 4.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[43] KR\u0160KA, K., 2005. Profesor dr. Rudolf Schneider, prvn\u00ed \u0159editel St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho v Praze, zem\u0159el p\u0159ed pades\u00e1ti lety. Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 58, \u010d. 4, s. 97\u2013101.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[44] KR\u0160KA, K. \u2013 \u0160AMAJ, F., 2001. D\u011bjiny meteorologie v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na Slovensku. Praha: Karolinum. 565 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[45] LEDVINKA, O., 2008. \u017divot a d\u00edlo Franti\u0161ka Augustina (1846\u20131908). Klaudi\u00e1n. Internetov\u00fd \u010dasopis pro historickou geografii a environment\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u011bjiny, ro\u010d. 5, \u010d. 1, s. 42\u201352.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[46] MART\u00cdNEK, J. \u2013 MART\u00cdNEK, M. 1998. Kdo byl kdo. Na\u0161i cestovatel\u00e9 a geografov\u00e9. Praha: Nakl. Libri. Praha. 509 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[47] 1976. Meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v Praze-Klementinu 1775\u20131900. I. d\u00edl. Praha: Hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha. 258 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[48] MUNZAR, J. a kol., 1989. Mal\u00fd pr\u016fvodce meteorologi\u00ed. Praha: Mlad\u00e1 fronta. 248 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[49] Ott\u016fv slovn\u00edk nau\u010dn\u00fd. 1888\u20131908. (Hesla vypracovan\u00e1 pod zkratkou Ag.), Praha.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[50] STROUHAL, \u010c., 1909. Prof. Dr. Franti\u0161ek Augustin. Almanach \u010cesk\u00e9 akademie c\u00edsa\u0159e Franti\u0161ka Josefa pro v\u011bdy, slovesnost a um\u011bn\u00ed, ro\u010d. XX, s. 153\u2013158.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[51] \u0160LECHTOV\u00c1, A. \u2013 LEVORA, J., 2004. \u010clenov\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9 akademie v\u011bd a um\u011bn\u00ed 1890\u20131952. 2. vyd. Praha: Academia. 444 s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[52] VESEL\u00dd, E., 1948. (Profesor Augustin). Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 2, \u010d. 6, s. 126.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[53] VESEL\u00dd, E., 1949. Profesor Augustin o suchu. Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy, ro\u010d. 3, \u010d. 2, s. 28\u201331.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e1e5c05 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e1e5c05\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b0afc2f\" data-id=\"b0afc2f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16aa318 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16aa318\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Autor tohoto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku d\u011bkuje recenzentovi RNDr. Karlu Kr\u0161kovi, CSc., za cenn\u00e9 rady a p\u0159ipom\u00ednky.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Lektor (Reviewer) RNDr. K. Kr\u0161ka, CSc.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Kompletn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek se v\u0161emi obr\u00e1zky je v\u00a0pdf form\u00e1tu um\u00edst\u011bn na konci str\u00e1nky.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Vilibald Kakos, MZ 2008\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 61, str. 185\u2013191<strong>.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-863ce54 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"863ce54\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a0d38f\" data-id=\"0a0d38f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-592723c elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"592723c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#0c0d0e;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{font-size:15px;line-height:1;max-width:95%}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__element{margin:0 var(--divider-element-spacing);flex-shrink:0}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-icon{font-size:var(--divider-icon-size)}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider-separator{display:flex;margin:0;direction:ltr}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator{align-items:center}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:before{display:block;content:\"\";border-bottom:0;flex-grow:1;border-top:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:first-of-type{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider-separator:before{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider__element{margin-left:0}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:last-of-type{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider-separator:after{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider__element{margin-right:0}.elementor-widget-divider:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text):not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon) .elementor-divider-separator{border-top:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern{--divider-border-style:none}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern.elementor-widget-divider--view-line .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width,100%);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d3c200c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d3c200c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8081f83\" data-id=\"8081f83\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56827de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56827de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd NAROZEN\u00cd PROF. DR. FRANTI\u0160KA AUGUSTINA<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dne 23. 5. 1996 odpoledne se konal na vy\u0161ehradsk\u00e9m h\u0159bitov\u011b pietn\u00ed akt k uct\u011bn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho \u010des\u00adk\u00e9ho meteorologa minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed a prvn\u00edho profesora me\u00adteorologie a klimatologie na Karlov\u011b univerzit\u011b v Praze. Jm\u00e9\u00adnem Pra\u017esk\u00e9 pobo\u010dky \u010cesk\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti p\u0159i AV \u010cR byl na jeho hrob polo\u017een v\u011bnec.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Touto malou vzpom\u00ednkou tak byla uct\u011bna pam\u00e1tka v\u00fd\u00adznamn\u00e9ho v\u011bdce, ob\u011btav\u00e9ho pedagoga a ne\u00fanavn\u00e9ho organi\u00adz\u00e1tora \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie, kter\u00fd se narodil p\u0159ed 150 lety dne 24. 5. 1846 v obci Sir\u00e1kov u Poln\u011b na \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e9 vrcho\u00advin\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po ukon\u010den\u00ed univerzitn\u00edch studi\u00ed ve V\u00eddni vyu\u010doval n\u011bko\u00adlik let na pra\u017esk\u00fdch st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch geografii a historii. V r. 1883 se habilitoval pro meteorologii a klimatologii na tehdej\u0161\u00ed ji\u017e \u010desk\u00e9 Karlo-Ferdinandov\u011b univerzit\u011b v Praze. Roku 1895 byl jmenov\u00e1n mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm a 1904 \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm profe\u00adsorem. Po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 nemoci zem\u0159el 1. 12. 1908 v Praze.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u011bdeck\u00e9 d\u00edlo prof. Augustina je velice rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 a \u010d\u00edt\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 110 zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f. Ve sv\u00e9 st\u011b\u017eejn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci O ro\u010dn\u00edm chodu meteorologick\u00fdch prvk\u016f v Praze z r. 1888 pou\u017eil dlou\u00adholet\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z pra\u017esk\u00e9ho Klementina od r. 1771. Na pet\u0159\u00ednsk\u00e9 rozhledn\u011b z\u0159\u00eddil meteorologickou stanici, je\u017e byla vybavena registra\u010dn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edstroji. T\u00edm se mj. stal velice popu\u00adl\u00e1rn\u00ed osobnost\u00ed, k \u010demu\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edvalo i jeho osobn\u00ed vystupov\u00e1\u00adn\u00ed. Zalo\u017eil rovn\u011b\u017e rozs\u00e1hlou s\u00ed\u0165 600 stanic na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed bou\u0159ek a krupobit\u00ed; na \u00fazem\u00ed Prahy pak s\u00ed\u0165 sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fdch stanic pro \u00fa\u010dely dimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed kanalizace. V teh\u00addej\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b to byly sv\u00e9ho druhu nejhust\u0161\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b na sv\u011bt\u011b. Au\u00adgustin za\u010dal zpracov\u00e1vat i podneb\u00ed \u010cech, av\u0161ak sta\u010dil dokon\u00ad\u010dit ve sv\u00e9 nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci ve dvou d\u00edlech pouze Teplotn\u00ed pom\u011bry sudetsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 se zab\u00fdval hydrologick\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my t\u00edm, \u017ee zpracoval kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed vodn\u00edch stav\u016f na Vltav\u011b v Praze za obdob\u00ed 1825-1890. Jeho dal\u0161\u00ed publikace Povode\u0148 v \u010cech\u00e1ch roku 1890 se vyzna\u010duje d\u016fkladnou aplikac\u00ed teh\u00addej\u0161\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch poznatk\u016f do hydrologie. Vztah sr\u00e1\u00ad\u017eek ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m slune\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti zve\u0159ejnil mj. v pr\u00e1ci Sucha v \u010cech\u00e1ch v dob\u011b od roku 962-1893.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Krom\u011b \u010detn\u00fdch publikac\u00ed, ve kter\u00fdch m\u011bl na mysli hlavn\u011b praktick\u00fd v\u00fdznam, se Augustin neust\u00e1le sna\u017eil, aby \u010desk\u00e1 meteorologie dosahovala sv\u011btov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b. Vahou sv\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 autority se nejv\u00edce zaslou\u017eil o vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Praze-Karlov\u011b, \u010deho\u017e se v\u0161ak ji\u017e s\u00e1m nedo\u017eil. V\u0161estrann\u00e1 \u010dinnost prof. Augustina zna\u010dn\u011b usnadnila a urych\u00adlila n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby po 1. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1l\u00adce v nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9 \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republice.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Literatura<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[1]\u00a0\u00a0 Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy 1948, \u011b. 6; 1949, \u010d. 2; 1959, \u010d. 1.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[2]\u00a0\u00a0 Munzar, J. a kol.: Mal\u00fd pr\u016fvodce meteorologi\u00ed. Praha, Mla\u00add\u00e1 fronta 1989.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[3] Ott\u016fv slovn\u00edk nau\u010dn\u00fd, druh\u00fd d\u00edl, Praha 1889. (Do tohoto slovn\u00edku zpracoval Augustin \u0159adu hesel.)<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">[4] B\u011blohlav, J.: Seznam prac\u00ed, pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed a \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, je\u017e napsal prof. dr. F. Augustin&#8230; Praha, Geogr. \u00fastav \u010cesk\u00e9 universi\u00adty, 1906. (Tato publikace je k dispozici v knihovn\u011b Katedry meteorologie MFF UK v Praze.)<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Vilibald Kakos, MZ 1996\/4, ro\u010dn\u00edk 49, str. 126-127<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-49c0aac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"49c0aac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8e23f29\" data-id=\"8e23f29\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6656df7 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6656df7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-01d1059 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"01d1059\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9907f50\" data-id=\"9907f50\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b15856 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b15856\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>PADES\u00c1T\u00c9 V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd \u00daMRT\u00cd BUDOVATELE \u010cESK\u00c9 METEOROLOGIE<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dne 1. prosince 1958 vzpomn\u011bl meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav Karlovy university 50. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed dr. Franti\u0161ka Augustina, prv\u00e9ho profesora meteorologie a klimatologie Vysok\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed Karlova, kter\u00fd zem\u0159el 1. prosince 1908 ve v\u011bku 62 let.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">S hlubokou vd\u011b\u010dnost\u00ed p\u0159ipomenuli v\u011bde\u010dt\u00ed pracovn\u00edci na Kar\u00adlov\u011b toto v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed, nebo\u0165 p\u0159i\u010din\u011bn\u00edm Franti\u0161ka Augustina, od r. 1883 docenta, od r. 1895 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho a od r. 1904 \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho profesora meteorologie a klimatologie Karlovy university, byl vybudov\u00e1n p\u0159i tehdej\u0161\u00ed filosofick\u00e9 fakult\u011b meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav, pln\u00edc\u00ed do\u00addnes sv\u00e9 posl\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Po r. 1905 se stav\u011bly na Karlov\u011b nad Albertovem dva p\u0159\u00edrodo\u00adv\u011bdeck\u00e9 \u00fastavy, fysik\u00e1ln\u00ed a matematick\u00fd. Tehdy prof. Augustin prosadil sv\u00fdm vlivem, vahou sv\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 autority a osobn\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed, \u017ee cel\u00e9 horn\u00ed patro matematick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu bylo vyhra\u00adzeno meteorologii a klimatologii. V n\u00e1stavb\u011b v\u011b\u017eov\u00e9ho tvaru byla pak z\u0159\u00edzena meteorologick\u00e1 observato\u0159, v mnoh\u00e9m ohledu klima\u00adticky representativn\u00ed, dominuj\u00edc\u00ed cel\u00e9mu bloku staveb. Cel\u00e1 stavba byla dokon\u010dena t\u011bsn\u011b po smrti prof. Augustina a budo\u00advatel se do\u010dkal jen jedin\u00e9ho rozhledu z oken je\u0161t\u011b nedostav\u011bn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu a mohl se bezd\u011b\u010dn\u011b naposled pot\u011b\u0161it my\u0161lenkou, \u017ee jeho \u00fasil\u00ed se st\u00e1v\u00e1 skute\u010dnost\u00ed. Dodnes na observato\u0159i bezvadn\u011b pra\u00adcuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje, kter\u00e9 tehdy Augustin vybral z osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdch typ\u016f zahrani\u010dn\u00edch. T\u010d. je observato\u0159 pozorovatelnou se 401etou \u0159adou m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pro klimatologick\u00e9 informace m\u011bsta a r\u016fzn\u00fdch hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch, technick\u00fdch a jin\u00fdch instituc\u00ed. Je st\u00e1l\u00fdm c\u00edlem \u010detn\u00fdch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv, zejm\u00e9na \u0161kol v\u0161ech typ\u016f jak z Prahy, tak i ze vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho okol\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ve druh\u00e9m pat\u0159e budovy matematick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu je od dokon\u00ad\u010den\u00ed stavby, jak ji\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, s\u00eddlo meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Karlovy university, ve kter\u00e9m po Augustinov\u011b smrti zah\u00e1jil pedagogickou \u010dinnost jeho zv\u011b\u010dn\u011bl\u00fd \u017e\u00e1k prof. Hanzl\u00edk. Zde se vychov\u00e1vaj\u00ed vysoko\u0161kol\u0161t\u00ed studenti ve specializaci pro budouc\u00ed sv\u00e1 povol\u00e1n\u00ed jednak v resortn\u00edm Hydrometeorologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu, jednak v \u00fastavech \u010cSAV, nebo tak\u00e9 v omezen\u00e9m po\u010dtu pro \u010din\u00adnost na matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakult\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ji\u017e zprvu jsme p\u0159ipomn\u011bli, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b prof. Augustinovi d\u011bkuj\u00ed pracovn\u00edci na Karlov\u011b, \u017ee maj\u00ed postar\u00e1no o n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00fd st\u00e1nek k p\u011bsto\u00adv\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologie a klimatologie. Kdo se sezn\u00e1mil s Augustinovou liter\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed, pozn\u00e1 jeho \u017ehav\u00fd \u00famysl vybudovat meteoro\u00adlogii v \u010cech\u00e1ch, tak, aby dosahovala sv\u011btov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b. Augustin t\u011b\u017ece nesl, \u017ee po neblah\u00e9m roce 1848 upadl klimatick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum \u010cech. V\u017edy\u0165 obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed rokem 1848 slynulo velmi slibn\u00fdm a dob\u0159e organisovan\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem \u010cech po str\u00e1nce klimatolo\u00adgick\u00e9 z\u00e1sluhou tehdej\u0161\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f Klementinsk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v Praze, jako byli Kreil, Jel\u00ednek, Fritsch a zejm\u00e9na David, kter\u00fd z\u00edskal pro z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b klimatologick\u00fdch stanic Vlastiv\u011bdnou vlastenecko-hospod\u00e1\u0159skou \u010deskou spole\u010dnost. Jej\u00ed \u010dinnost organiza\u010dn\u00ed se neomezila jen na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, spole\u010dnost i publikovala v\u00fdsledky a byla kladena za vzor a zn\u00e1ma i za hranicemi. Po smrti Davidov\u011b a odchodu Kreila, Jel\u00ednka a Fritsche do nov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00e9ho centr\u00e1ln\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu ve V\u00eddni a v d\u016fsledku zo\u00adst\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1rodnostn\u00edch pom\u011br\u016f zanikla Vlastiv\u011bdn\u00e1 vlastenecko-hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 \u010desk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost a s n\u00ed i s\u00ed\u0165 klimatologick\u00fdch stanic v \u010cech\u00e1ch. Na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b v Klementinu bylo dosa\u017eeno odtr\u017een\u00ed meteorologie od astronomie a meteorologie nyn\u00ed \u017eivo\u0159ila. V\u0161ecky pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed akce, kter\u00e9 v druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 19. stolet\u00ed m\u011bly nejlep\u0161\u00ed snahu obnovit v\u011bhlas d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho sm\u011bru klimatologie v \u010cech\u00e1ch, nem\u011bly \u00fasp\u011bch, vyjma pozoruhodn\u00e9 Studni\u010dkovy s\u00edt\u011b sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fdch stanic, ur\u010den\u00e9 pro hydrologii.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Tyto pom\u011bry velmi hn\u011btly Augustina, kdy\u017e za\u010dal pracovat v meteorologii po roce 1879, tj. po skon\u010den\u00ed studi\u00ed na v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e9 universit\u011b, kde byl \u017e\u00e1kem J. von Hanna. Augustin ne\u00fanavn\u011b se ve sv\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch dot\u00fdkal t\u011bchto probl\u00e9m\u016f po str\u00e1nce organiza\u010dn\u00ed a rovn\u011b\u017e bojoval za vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie v p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161k\u00e1ch v Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nauk a i p\u0159i jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech. Kdy\u017e se objevovala mo\u017enost vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f na Karlov\u011b, bylo Augustinov\u00fdm pl\u00e1nem p\u0159en\u00e9sti tam p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sv\u016fj provizorn\u00ed \u00fastav ze zch\u00e1tral\u00e9ho domu Kaulichova na Karlov\u011b n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed a vyhradit m\u00edsto nejen pro stolici meteorologie, ale i pro budouc\u00ed zemsk\u00fd meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav. Poukazoval neohro\u017een\u011b na to, \u017ee \u010desk\u00fd zemsk\u00fd \u00fastav meteorologick\u00fd m\u011bl b\u00fdt vybudov\u00e1n d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00fd ve V\u00eddni, pon\u011bvad\u017e jej p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed skv\u011bl\u00e1 meteoro\u00adlogick\u00e1 tradice, kterou jako nejlep\u0161\u00ed v Evrop\u011b pochv\u00e1lil i vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fd meteorolog G. Hellmann.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00edde\u0148sk\u00fd meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav sice tehdy z\u0159izoval stanice v cel\u00e9m mocn\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, av\u0161ak \u0159\u00eddce a bez zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na praxi. Augustin v memorandu z r. 1896 \u201eO nutnosti p\u011bstovati agr\u00e1rn\u00ed meteorologii v \u010cech\u00e1ch&#8221; &#8211; na svoji dobu velmi pokroko\u00adv\u00e9m &#8211; poukazoval na \u010detn\u00e9 aplikace meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed jak v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, tak i v hydrotechnice a jin\u00fdch praktick\u00fdch obo\u00adrech, ado\u017eadoval se i z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed prognosn\u00ed slu\u017eby.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u016fsobivou \u010dinnost\u00ed Augustinovou, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ipravovala p\u016fdu pro vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed a zdokonalen\u00ed pov\u011btrnostn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, za\u00adnikl\u00e9ho v r. 1848, byla i jeho v\u011bdeck\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce. Ze 36 hlavn\u00edch v\u011b\u00addeck\u00fdch prac\u00ed bylo jich 10 v\u011bnov\u00e1no p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed klimatografie Prahy, bohu\u017eel, podle jeho slov \u201ejen z nevhodn\u011b um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 stanice p\u0159i hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 m\u011bstem, ale p\u0159esn\u011b pracuj\u00edc\u00ed od roku 1775&#8243;. Jeho pr\u00e1ce \u201eUber den jahrlichen Gang der meteoro\u00adlogischen Elemente&#8221;, vydan\u00e1 v r. 1888, je gigantick\u00e1 a je to prvn\u00ed a dosud nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, pojedn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed o pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch pom\u011brech Prahy za 80 let.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nelze se tud\u00ed\u017e divit, \u017ee Augustin usiloval o z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed stanice v representativn\u00ed poloze; \u017ee se tak stalo na rozhledn\u011b na Pet\u0159\u00edn\u011b, toho doc\u00edlil za pomoci n\u011bkolika instituc\u00ed (m\u011bsta a Klubu \u010desk\u00fdch turist\u016f). Dvan\u00e1ct let pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed od r. 1894 a\u017e 1906, p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed Augusti\u00adnovou zpracovan\u00fdch pro ka\u017edou hodinu a hlavn\u00ed elementy, je velk\u00fdm sv\u011bdectv\u00edm tohoto \u00fasil\u00ed. Bohu\u017eel, tato stanice, kter\u00e1 u\u010dinila Augustina tak popul\u00e1rn\u00edm, zanikla za prv\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zpracovav d\u016fkladn\u011b a detailn\u011b pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z Klementina, za\u010dal Augustin obracet pozornost ke klimatologick\u00fdm t\u00e9mat\u016fm cel\u00e9 oblasti \u010cech. Zpracoval v\u0161ak jen \u201eTepeln\u00e9 pom\u011bry Sudetsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed&#8221; ve velmi obsa\u017en\u00e9m a kriticky podlo\u017een\u00e9m pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed. K souborn\u00e9 klimatografii \u010cech se u\u017e nedostal.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Rovn\u011b\u017e z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mikrohydrografick\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b pra\u017esk\u00e9 bylo jeho z\u00e1\u00adslu\u017en\u00fdm \u010dinem. Pra\u017esk\u00e1 obec tuto s\u00ed\u0165 dosud udr\u017euje, tedy p\u0159es 60 let. Posledn\u00ed Augustin\u016fv organiza\u010dn\u00ed \u010din byla p\u0159echodn\u011b fun\u00adguj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 600 bou\u0159kov\u00fdch stanic v \u010cech\u00e1ch, jej\u00ed\u017e v\u00fdsledky za roky 1905 a\u017e 1906 vy\u0161ly jako jeho posmrtn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Z podan\u00e9ho n\u00e1stinu je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee Augustin \u0161el pevn\u011b za sv\u00fdm c\u00edlem vybudovat meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav a zemskou pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed centr\u00e1lu. Netu\u0161il, \u017ee jeho universitn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b po odstupu 10 let se stane na 20 let centr\u00e1lou nejen pro \u010cechy, ale pro celou \u010ceskoslovenskou republiku. To se stalo d\u00edky vz\u00e1cn\u00e9mu porozu\u00adm\u011bn\u00ed jeho n\u00e1stupce prof. Hanzl\u00edka, kter\u00fd &#8211; jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1val &#8211; \u201evzal na universitu do podn\u00e1jmu resortn\u00ed \u00fastav&#8221;.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jestli\u017ee brzy po p\u0159evratu se uskute\u010dnilo Augustinovo p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed, za kter\u00e9 cel\u00fd \u017eivot hrd\u011b a ne\u00fastupn\u011b bojoval, a byla z\u0159\u00edzena t\u00e9\u017e celost\u00e1tn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba, pak je to ve zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e i d\u016f\u00adsledek jeho hou\u017eevnatosti, podlo\u017een\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed publika\u010dn\u00ed \u010din\u00adnost\u00ed a nev\u0161edn\u00ed popularitou, z\u00edskanou ne\u00fanavnou p\u00edl\u00ed a osobn\u00edm vystupov\u00e1n\u00edm. Tento n\u00e1zor potvrdil p\u0159ed kr\u00e1tkou dobou i aka\u00addemik Bohumil N\u011bmec, kter\u00fd po p\u0159evratu jako poslanec N\u00e1rod\u00adn\u00edho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1l u kol\u00e9bky resortn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Akademik N\u011bmec zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee Augustinova \u010dinnost nesporn\u011b usnadnila a urychlila i z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby a pomohla p\u0159ekonat pot\u00ed\u017ee, kter\u00e9 vyvst\u00e1valy. Pomohlo hlavn\u011b to, \u017ee Augustin ve sv\u00fdch spisech a p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161k\u00e1ch p\u00e1dn\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148oval praktickou str\u00e1nku meteorologie.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Proto nejen pracovn\u00edci universitn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, ale i p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci resortn\u00edho Hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu s \u00factou a s vd\u011b\u010dn\u00fdm pochopen\u00edm vzpom\u00ednaj\u00ed Franti\u0161ka Augustina, bu\u00addovatele \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em> A. Gregor, MZ 1959\/1, ro\u010dn\u00edk 12, str. 1<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ebfaf4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ebfaf4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f9d95f\" data-id=\"4f9d95f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9c615 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f9c615\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-423c23b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"423c23b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0fe70f\" data-id=\"c0fe70f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b02c088 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b02c088\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Franti\u0161ek Augustin \u2013 40 let od jeho \u00famrt\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Povinnost\u00ed jednoho ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z\u00a0n\u00e1s, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s nem\u016f\u017ee zprostiti nikdo, jest, abychom prosp\u00edvali vlasti kdekoliv a kdykoliv m\u016f\u017eeme.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em> A. Strnad<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dne 1. prosince 1948 bylo tomu 40 let, kdy po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 nemoci ode\u0161el ve v\u011bku 62 let na v\u011b\u010dnost prvn\u00ed profesor meteorologie a klimatologie Karlovy university Dr Franti\u0161ek Augustin.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Franti\u0161ek Augustin 1846\u20131908 FRANTI\u0160EK AUGUSTIN, PRVN\u00cd PROFESOR METEOROLOGIE NA PRA\u017dSK\u00c9 UNIVERZIT\u011a (ke 100. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed) Motto: &#8220;Kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdznam a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 pokro\u010dilost \u010cech \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u00fastavu meteorologick\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd by se pracemi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1083","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1083","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1083"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1083\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12812,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1083\/revisions\/12812"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1083"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}