{"id":1057,"date":"2023-10-28T20:32:44","date_gmt":"2023-10-28T18:32:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=1057"},"modified":"2023-12-28T14:52:08","modified_gmt":"2023-12-28T13:52:08","slug":"adam-bittner","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/adam-bittner\/","title":{"rendered":"Adam Bittner"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1057\" class=\"elementor elementor-1057\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-41a90d6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"41a90d6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7f09fb\" data-id=\"e7f09fb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d903f0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d903f0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-xl\">Adam Bittner<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c97766 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c97766\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-388da38\" data-id=\"388da38\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f51601b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f51601b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">1777\u20131844<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf3ff4e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bf3ff4e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98aac9a\" data-id=\"98aac9a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e81dfb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e81dfb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Adam_Bittner.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Adam_Bittner\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTA1OSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cDpcL1wvd3d3LmNtZXMuY3pcL3dlYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyM1wvMTBcL0FkYW1fQml0dG5lci5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"492\" height=\"661\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Adam_Bittner.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1059\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Adam_Bittner.jpg 492w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Adam_Bittner-223x300.jpg 223w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 492px) 100vw, 492px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Adam Bittner, portr\u00e9t od pra\u017esk\u00e9ho mal\u00ed\u0159e Franti\u0161ka Hor\u010di\u010dky. Zdroj: Voln\u00e9 d\u00edlo, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=134527534<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a6a8a6\" data-id=\"5a6a8a6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef7c764 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef7c764\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Adam Bittner (19. \u0159\u00edjna 1777 \u2013 3. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1844) byl \u010desk\u00fd matematik a astronom, profesor matematiky na pra\u017esk\u00e9 Polytechnice a na Karlo-Ferdinandov\u011b univerzit\u011b v Praze, d\u011bkan jej\u00ed filozofick\u00e9 fakulty a p\u00e1t\u00fdm \u0159editel pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v Klementinu.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Adam Bittner poch\u00e1zel ze Such\u00e9ho Dolu u Kadan\u011b, kde se roku 1777 narodil. Byl snad ji\u017e od ml\u00e1d\u00ed slab\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, a proto se v\u011bnoval duchovn\u00edmu stavu. Vystudoval jezuitsk\u00e9 gymn\u00e1zium v Chomutov\u011b, po t\u00e9 filozofii a matematiku na Karlo-Ferdinandov\u011b univerzit\u011b v Praze, kr\u00e1tce tam studoval tak\u00e9 pr\u00e1va. Po smrti Franti\u0161ka Anton\u00edna Hergeta v z\u00e1v\u011bru roku 1800 byl jmenov\u00e1n adjunktem (u M. A. Davida) pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v\u00a0Klementinu a pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u00e1t\u00fdm \u0159editelem Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny (od roku\u00a0 1837 do roku 1844). Bittner byl matematik a astronom. Po roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed a pov\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed Pra\u017esk\u00e9 in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9 \u0161koly na polytechniku roku 1806, za jej\u00edho prvn\u00edho \u0159editele F. A. Gerstnera se stal pedagogem, kter\u00fd na \u0161kole ji\u017e od roku 1802 p\u016fsobil jako suplent matematiky, pozd\u011bji v n\u011bkolika jej\u00edch discipl\u00edn\u00e1ch. V nejstar\u0161\u00ed budov\u011b \u0161koly v Karlov\u011b ulici \u010dp. 153\/I tak\u00e9 z\u00edskal byt. V roce 1805 obh\u00e1jil doktorskou disertaci na filozofick\u00e9 fakult\u011b Univerzity Karlovy a za\u010dal i tam p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161et matematiku. Roku 1825 byl zvolen d\u011bkanem fakulty a v roce 1837 tam jmenov\u00e1n profesorem.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e93c11f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e93c11f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b169ea\" data-id=\"6b169ea\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-768db9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"768db9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed jeho d\u00edlo je \u201eHandbuch der Mathematik\u201c (Praha, 1814, 1815). Matematick\u00e1 pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed publikoval v pojedn\u00e1n\u00edch Spole\u010dnosti, astronomick\u00e1 v\u00a0odborn\u00fdch zahrani\u010dn\u00edch \u010dasopisech. Napsal dv\u011b u\u010debnice matematiky, v\u011bnoval se mimo jin\u00e9 diferenci\u00e1ln\u00edmu po\u010dtu. Sv\u00e1 astronomick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed komet publikoval v odborn\u00e9m \u010dasopise v Berl\u00edn\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Roku 1816 byl p\u0159ijat za \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho \u010dlena Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nauk; v letech 1819, 1826 a 1830 byl opakovan\u011b zvolen jej\u00edm direktorem.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kanovn\u00edk Bittner, i kdy\u017e meteorologick\u00fd poklad klementinsk\u00e9 observato\u0159e nerozmno\u017eil, nep\u0159ipustil, aby se zmen\u0161il. Publikoval meteorologick\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0Neu Schriften (Nov\u00e1 p\u00edsma), \u010dasopise Spole\u010dnosti vlastenecko-hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00a0podob\u011b ro\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159ehled\u016f pov\u011btrnosti z\u00a0\u010cech z\u00a0let 1830, 1832\u20131839.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Bittner byl ji\u017e \u0159adu let p\u0159ed sv\u00fdm skonem churav, a proto ponechal tehdej\u0161\u00edmu sv\u00e9mu adjunktu Karlu Kreilovi organizov\u00e1n\u00ed meteorologick\u00fdch a magnetick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. S\u00a0Kreilov\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem jsou pak spojena prvn\u00ed samopisn\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na klementinsk\u00e9 observato\u0159i a samostatn\u00e9 vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ro\u010denek meteorologick\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00a0historii \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie Bittnerem kon\u010d\u00ed obdob\u00ed, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e se meteorologie roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila z\u00a0Prahy do cel\u00fdch \u010cech. P\u0159itom meteorologie nevystupovala jako samostatn\u00e1 v\u011bda, ale z\u016fst\u00e1vala pod ochranou astronomie a op\u00edrala se o zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed. Tento stav ukon\u010dil a\u017e sv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edchodem do Prahy Karel Kreil.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jeho man\u017eelstv\u00ed s Dorotheou Voigtovou z Fr\u00fddlantu (1788\u20131863) bylo bezd\u011btn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Zem\u0159el v\u00a0roce 1844 v\u00a0Litom\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch, kam se uch\u00fdlil, aby hledal \u00falevu v\u00a0nemoci.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">15. listopadu 1987 v observato\u0159i na Kleti objevil Anton\u00edn Mrkos planetku 6596, kter\u00e1 byla nazv\u00e1na jm\u00e9nem Bittner.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-88ea7b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"88ea7b3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-323e1bd\" data-id=\"323e1bd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7b476f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e7b476f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Liter\u00e1rn\u00ed zdroje:<\/em><\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">KALOUSEK, J., 1885. D\u011bje Kr\u00e1l. \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti n\u00e1uk spolu s kritick\u00fdm p\u0159ehledem publikac\u00ed jej\u00edch. Svazek 2, Praha s. 101, s. 239-240<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">KR\u0160KA, K., \u0160AMAJ, F., 2001. D\u011bjiny meteorologie v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na Slovensku. Nakl. Karolinum, Univerzita Karlova v Praze. 563 str. ISBN 80-7184-951-0.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">PEJML, K., 1975. 200 let meteorologick\u00e9 observato\u0159e v\u00a0pra\u017esk\u00e9m Klementinu. HM\u00da a St\u00e1tn\u00ed nakladatelstv\u00ed technick\u00e9 literatury. Praha. 1. vyd. 78 s.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">SEYDL, O., 1952. Meteorologie na pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b a v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch v\u00a0minulosti (1752\u20131839). In: Hanzl\u00edk\u016fv sborn\u00edk. K\u00a0sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdm narozenin\u00e1m. Publikace \u0159ady C, Svazek VI. Praha: St\u00e1tn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav. s. 13\u201351.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">SEYDL, O., 1963. Meteorologie na pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b v\u00a0Praze \u2013 Klementinu (1752\u20131940). In: <em>Sborn\u00edk prac\u00ed HM\u00da<\/em>, svazek 1. Praha, s\u00a09\u201334.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Adam Bittner. Zdroj: [online]. [cit. 28. 10. 2023]. Dostupn\u00e9 z\u00a0WWW: <a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adam_Bittner\">https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adam_Bittner<\/a>.<\/span><\/h6>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Adam Bittner 1777\u20131844 Adam Bittner, portr\u00e9t od pra\u017esk\u00e9ho mal\u00ed\u0159e Franti\u0161ka Hor\u010di\u010dky. Zdroj: Voln\u00e9 d\u00edlo, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=134527534 Adam Bittner (19. \u0159\u00edjna 1777 \u2013 3. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1844) byl \u010desk\u00fd matematik a astronom, profesor [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1057","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1057","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1057"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1057\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1057"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}