{"id":1023,"date":"2023-10-28T19:21:38","date_gmt":"2023-10-28T17:21:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/?page_id=1023"},"modified":"2025-11-29T17:44:02","modified_gmt":"2025-11-29T16:44:02","slug":"martin-alois-david","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/martin-alois-david\/","title":{"rendered":"Martin Alois David"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1023\" class=\"elementor elementor-1023\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-41a90d6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"41a90d6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7f09fb\" data-id=\"e7f09fb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d903f0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d903f0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-xl\">Martin Alois David<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c97766 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c97766\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-388da38\" data-id=\"388da38\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f51601b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f51601b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">1757\u20131836<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf3ff4e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bf3ff4e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98aac9a\" data-id=\"98aac9a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e81dfb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e81dfb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Alois-Martin-David_1810.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Alois Martin David_1810\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAyNSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cDpcL1wvd3d3LmNtZXMuY3pcL3dlYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyM1wvMTBcL0Fsb2lzLU1hcnRpbi1EYXZpZF8xODEwLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"331\" height=\"399\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Alois-Martin-David_1810.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1025\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Alois-Martin-David_1810.jpg 331w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Alois-Martin-David_1810-249x300.jpg 249w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Martin Alois David na olejomalb\u011b Josefa Berglera (1753-1829) z roku 1810 se sextantem syst\u00e9mu Hadley od lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9 firmy Dollond. Zdroj: Repro Wikipedia (reprofoto Ji\u0159\u00ed Schierl, origin\u00e1l obrazu ve sb\u00edrce Kanonie premonstr\u00e1t\u016f Tepl\u00e1).<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a6a8a6\" data-id=\"5a6a8a6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef7c764 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef7c764\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Byl \u010desk\u00fd kn\u011bz, astronom a kartograf, profesor na Karlo-Ferdinandov\u011b univerzit\u011b, pr\u016fkopn\u00edk aplikovan\u00e9 v\u011bdy a \u010dtvrt\u00fd \u0159editel klementinsk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny. <\/strong><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">David se narodil 8. prosince 1757 ve vsi D\u0159evohryzech \u010d. p. 1 (tehdy n\u011bmeck\u00e1 ves, dnes ji\u017e neexistuj\u00edc\u00ed) v rodin\u011b drobn\u00e9ho roln\u00edka, na Tepelsk\u00e9m panstv\u00ed u Mari\u00e1nsk\u00fdch L\u00e1zn\u00ed. Byl pok\u0159t\u011bn ve farn\u00edm kostele ve Vid\u017e\u00edn\u011b jm\u00e9nem Martin. D\u016fchodn\u00ed (rentmistr) a pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opat He\u0159man Kry\u0161tof hrab\u011b Trautmannsdorf si v\u0161imnul bystr\u00e9ho chlapce Martina Davida a sledoval jeho v\u00fdvoj. Jakmile David dos\u00e1hl pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u011bku, sv\u011b\u0159il jej far\u00e1\u0159i ve Vid\u017ein\u011b (obec tak\u00e9 pat\u0159ila kl\u00e1\u0161teru), \u0159\u00e1dov\u00e9mu kn\u011bzi p\u00e1teru Ludolfu Richterovi. Zde ho vyu\u010doval u\u010ditel J. Zeidler triviu a hudb\u011b i kaplan Baltazar Dietl, kter\u00fd jej p\u0159ipravoval na vstup na vstup do tepelsk\u00e9ho kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00edho gymn\u00e1zia, do n\u011bho\u017e byl p\u0159ijat v roce 1770 ve sv\u00fdch 12 letech. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00edho gymn\u00e1zia v Tepl\u00e9 od roku 1776 studoval na Karlov\u011b universit\u011b v Praze teologii, matematiku, fyziku a filosofii. V matematice byl \u017e\u00e1kem vynikaj\u00edc\u00edho profesora Jana Tes\u00e1nka, na\u0161eho prv\u00e9ho vykladatele Newtonov\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f a \u00a0tak\u00e9 nav\u0161t\u011bvoval p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky Stanislava Vydry o matematice, mechanice a astronomii.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e93c11f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e93c11f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b169ea\" data-id=\"6b169ea\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-768db9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"768db9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Tes\u00e1nek ch\u00e1pal matematiku v\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9m mezioborov\u00e9m kontextu a zam\u011b\u0159oval ji na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch a fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f, spjat\u00fdch zejm\u00e9na s\u00a0d\u00edlem Iz\u00e1ka Newtona.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00a0roce 1778 se David podrobil rigor\u00f3zn\u00ed zkou\u0161ce z\u00a0diferenci\u00e1ln\u00edho a integr\u00e1ln\u00edho po\u010dtu. Roku 1777 z\u00edskal titul magistra filosofie a pokra\u010doval ve studiu teologie.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V roce 1780 vstoupil do premonstr\u00e1tsk\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du kapituly v\u00a0Tepl\u00e9, kde p\u0159ijal \u0159\u00e1dov\u00e9 jm\u00e9no Alois. Od roku 1782 pokra\u010doval ve studiu v\u00a0Praze a v\u00a0srpnu roku 1783 absolvoval a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b obst\u00e1l ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zkou\u0161ce ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edho d\u00edla Iz\u00e1ka Newtona. David si Newtona velice v\u00e1\u017eil jako v\u011bdce, snad pr\u00e1v\u011b pro dobrou aplikovatelnost jeho d\u00edla v\u00a0praxi, na kterou byl, jako typicky in\u017een\u00fdrsky zalo\u017een\u00fd odborn\u00edk, zam\u011b\u0159en. Dne 17. kv\u011btna 1784 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b odpromoval ve velk\u00e9 aule Karolina z\u00a0oboru matematiky. Dal\u0161\u00ed dva n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed roky vyu\u017eil David k\u00a0tomu, aby dokon\u010dil teologick\u00e1 studia, co\u017e se stalo dne 9. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1785. Primi\u010dn\u00ed m\u0161i svatou slou\u017eil v\u00a0tepelsk\u00e9m kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00edm kostele 30. listopadu t\u00e9ho\u017e roku. Roku 1787 byl vysv\u011bcen na kn\u011bze.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00a0roce 1785 byl p\u0159id\u011blen na klementinskou hv\u011bzd\u00e1rnu jako pomocn\u00edk Anton\u00edna Strnada, kdy\u017e se ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b uch\u00e1zel o m\u00edsto adjunkta na t\u00e9to hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b. M\u00edsto bylo nakonec p\u0159id\u011bleno Fr. Gerstnerovi, kter\u00fd se ji\u017e mnoho let p\u0159edt\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1val na v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b pod veden\u00edm c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9ho dvorn\u00edho astronoma, jezuity Maxmili\u00e1na Hella. Od roku 1786 byl David volont\u00e9rem (dobrovoln\u00edkem) a 4. prosince 1789 byl zde jmenov\u00e1n adjunktem. M\u00edsto adjunkta obdr\u017eel po odchodu Fr. Gerstnera, kdy\u017e se tento stal universitn\u00edm profesorem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed matematiky po \u00famrt\u00ed prof. Tes\u00e1nka (na tuto funkci t\u00e9\u017e ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b kandidoval David). Na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b byl David ne\u00famorn\u00fdm spolupracovn\u00edkem vlasteneck\u00e9ho \u0159editele, n\u00e1rodn\u00edho buditele Anton\u00edna Strnada a po jeho \u00famrt\u00ed roku 1799 se stal od po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 1800 jeho n\u00e1stupcem. Stal se tak \u010dtvrt\u00fdm \u0159editelem pra\u017esk\u00e9 klementinsk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny po J. Steplingovi, F. Zenovi a A. Strnadovi.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Roku 1789 byl jmenov\u00e1n profesorem, zpo\u010d\u00e1tku na pozici suplentsk\u00e9, Karlo-Ferdinandovy univerzity. Roku 1790 obh\u00e1jil doktor\u00e1t filosofie. Na stolici metafyziky za churav\u011bj\u00edc\u00edho profesora Karla Jind\u0159icha von Seibta dos\u00e1hl roku 1799, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e obor astronomie n\u00e1sledoval.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00a0roce 1800 byl Karlo-Ferdinandovou univerzitou jmenov\u00e1n c. k. astronomem Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho. Roku 1805 byl zvolen d\u011bkanem Filosofick\u00e9 fakulty Karlo-Ferdinandovy univerzity a roku 1816 jej jmenoval rektorem pra\u017esk\u00e9 univerzity (rektor univerzity v\u00a0akademick\u00e9m roku 1816).<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Za z\u00e1sluhy p\u0159i ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch poloh zvolila \u010cesk\u00e1 kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost nauk Davida roku 1795 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm \u010dlenem, \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm \u010dlenem od roku 1800, v letech 1806\u20131831 byl jej\u00edm tajemn\u00edkem a v\u00a0obdob\u00ed leden 1806 a\u017e 11. listopadu 1807 a 29. ledna a\u017e 26. prosince 1832 p\u0159edsedou t\u00e9to spole\u010dnosti.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00a0roce 1799 z\u00edskal \u010dlenstv\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 vlastenecko-hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a od roku 1817 \u0159\u00eddil meteorologick\u00e9 stanice t\u00e9to spole\u010dnosti a do jej\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v p\u0159isp\u00edval p\u0159ehledy pov\u011btrnosti.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Nav\u00e1zal \u010detn\u00e9 styky s hv\u011bzd\u00e1rnami v N\u011bmecku (Gotha, Mnichov, Benediktbeuern).<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">K v\u00fd\u010dtu Davidov\u00fdch poct je t\u0159eba uv\u00e9st funkci \u010dlena-korespondenta Slezsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pro podporu p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch nauk a pr\u016fmyslu Slezska (4. 7. 1806). Roku 1809 jej zvolila za sv\u00e9ho \u010dlena Bavorsk\u00e1 kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 akademie nauk v Mnichov\u011b, roku 1815 Sask\u00e1 kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost (v Lipsku) a P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost ve \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9m kantonu Aargau. Roku 1816 Moravskoslezsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost pro podporu zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed a geografick\u00e9 v\u011bdy, roku 1824 spole\u010dnost Vlasteneck\u00e9ho muzea \u010cech a roku 1829 d\u00e1nsk\u00e1 Spole\u010dnost pro nordick\u00e1 historick\u00e1 studia. Posledn\u011b jmenovan\u00e1 nepochybn\u011b d\u00edky jeho dobr\u00fdm vztah\u016fm se zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm d\u00e1nsk\u00fdm hv\u011bzd\u00e1\u0159em n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu H. Ch. Schumacherem. Rovn\u011b\u017e jej rakousk\u00fd c\u00edsa\u0159 Franti\u0161ek I. v roce 1815 vyznamenal Velkou zlatou medail\u00ed za civiln\u00ed z\u00e1sluhy s \u0159et\u011bzem a dne 30. dubna 1830 \u010destn\u00fdm titulem c\u00edsa\u0159sko-kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho rady. Nen\u00ed proto divu, \u017ee Davidovy v\u00fdpo\u010dty a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed jsou tak\u00e9 jmenovit\u011b zmi\u0148ov\u00e1ny jako aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky v dobov\u00e9 Sommerov\u011b Topografii \u010cech. <\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pod\u00edlel se velkou m\u011brou na v\u011bdeck\u00e9m pokroku sv\u00e9 doby a svou vlastn\u00ed ne\u00famornou prac\u00ed k n\u011bmu nem\u00e1lo p\u0159isp\u011bl.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Vykonal tak\u00e9 n\u011bkolik cest do ciziny k sv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm, aby poznal ciz\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny nebo aby se z\u00fa\u010dastnil velk\u00fdch astronomick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Roku 1801 nav\u0161t\u00edvil novou hv\u011bzd\u00e1rnu na Seebergu u Gothy, \u0159\u00edzenou jeho p\u0159\u00edtelem, baronem Franzem Xaverem von Zachem, s n\u00edm\u017e si dopisoval od roku 1791 do 1805, roku 1818 odjel do Mnichova k n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b nov\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v Bognhausenu, roku 1820 a 1822 na vrch Postlingberg u Lince a do kl\u00e1\u0161tera v Kremsm\u00fcnsteru v Horn\u00edch Rakous\u00edch, kde se horliv\u011b p\u011bstovala astronomie. Tyto ob\u011b cesty podnikl ke zdaru velk\u00e9ho \u00fakolu, k zm\u011b\u0159en\u00ed rozd\u00edl\u016f zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch d\u00e9lek hv\u011bzd\u00e1ren Mnichova a Vidn\u011b, je\u017e vykonal na David\u016fv popud hlavn\u00ed ubytovatelsk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1b rakousk\u00fd metodou oh\u0148ov\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f. Roku 1821 byl po n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f ve V\u00eddni, kam byl povol\u00e1n dvorn\u00ed studijn\u00ed komis\u00ed, aby podal posudek o pl\u00e1nech na stavbu nov\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny ve V\u00eddni.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u017divotn\u00ed d\u00edlo Davidovo tvo\u0159\u00ed jeho pr\u00e1ce na Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm meteorologick\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed od roku 1789 do 1833 vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 jeho veden\u00edm a n\u00e1vodem a astronomick\u00e1 ur\u010den\u00ed poloh \u010detn\u00fdch m\u00edst v \u010cech\u00e1ch k zlep\u0161en\u00ed nedokonal\u00e9 Mullerovy mapy \u010cech a jako podklad k sestrojen\u00ed mapy nov\u00e9. T\u0159et\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st jeho sna\u017een\u00ed, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem byla novostavba hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny m\u00edsto nevhodn\u00e9 astronomick\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee, nedo\u0161la spln\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159es v\u0161echnu n\u00e1mahu, kterou tomu c\u00edli v\u011bnoval doslovn\u011b od nastoupen\u00ed m\u00edsta \u0159editele hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny a\u017e do odchodu na odpo\u010dinek.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jako \u010dtvrt\u00fd \u0159editel klementinsk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny dok\u00e1zal vtisknout jej\u00ed \u010dinnosti vyhran\u011bn\u00fd charakter. Sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e na rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 teoretick\u00e1 b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a slo\u017eit\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, na n\u011b\u017e nebyl dostatek kvalitn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, se soust\u0159edil na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed praktick\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z geodetick\u00e9 astronomie. Byl typicky in\u017een\u00fdrsky zam\u011b\u0159en, jak o n\u011bm prav\u00ed jeho prvn\u00ed \u017eivotopisec Kulik. Je mo\u017eno konstatovat, \u017ee d\u00edky Davidovi byla pra\u017esk\u00e1 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna ohledn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed svou \u00farovn\u00ed hned za hv\u011bzd\u00e1rnou v\u00edde\u0148skou. Na sv\u00e9 n\u00e1klady za\u010dal David cestovat po zahrani\u010dn\u00edch hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, aby se v nich setk\u00e1val s v\u00fdzna\u010dn\u00fdmi evropsk\u00fdmi astronomy, z\u00edsk\u00e1val od nich zku\u0161enosti a aby se zdokonalil v zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s astronomick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstroji, nau\u010dil se je vyu\u017e\u00edvat a pomoc\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed mohl dodat spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fadaje pro m\u00edstopis sv\u00e9 vlasti, rozum\u011bj \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech. V tomto ohledu je t\u0159eba jej ch\u00e1pat jako zemsk\u00e9ho patriota, jen\u017e je\u0161t\u011b dostate\u010dn\u011b nevn\u00edmal tuto problematiku prismatem n\u00e1rodnostn\u00edm, resp. nacionalistick\u00fdm, co\u017e nem\u011blo vliv na hodnotu jeho v\u011bdeck\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">David byl velmi piln\u00fd a v\u00fdkonn\u00fd u\u010denec, kter\u00fd sv\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky pravideln\u011b publikoval n\u011bmecky hlavn\u011b v \u201ePojedn\u00e1n\u00edch Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nauk\u201d, mimo to rovn\u011b\u017e v \u201eAstronomick\u00fdch ro\u010denk\u00e1ch\u201d (Astronomische Jahrb\u00fccher oder Ephemeriden) v\u011bhlasn\u00e9ho berl\u00ednsk\u00e9ho astronoma Johanna Elerta Bodeho a v \u201eAstronomick\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch\u201d (Astronomische Nachrichten) d\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho astronoma Heinricha Christiana Schumachera. P\u011bstoval tedy v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed odborn\u00e9 styky s p\u0159edn\u00edmi u\u010denci sv\u00e9 doby.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dne 1. ledna 1789 zapo\u010dal David s\u00e1m \u0159adu meteorologick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b s \u0159editelem Strnadem (jeho\u017e \u0159ada se po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 dnem 1. ledna 1775) a pokra\u010doval v nich a\u017e do konce roku 1799; od 1. ledna 1800 v nich pokra\u010doval v rozsahu zna\u010dn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm se sv\u00fdmi spolupracovn\u00edky a\u017e do konce roku 1833. Od roku 1753 byly v Klementinu zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1ny denn\u00ed hodnoty teploty, tlaku vzduchu, vlhkosti a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b i hodnoty magnetick\u00e9 deklinace.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V roce 1806 David publikoval vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, jak lze z kles\u00e1n\u00ed a stoup\u00e1n\u00ed tlaku p\u0159edpov\u00eddat po\u010das\u00ed. Barometr pou\u017e\u00edval i pro ur\u010den\u00ed nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky stanovi\u0161\u0165, jejich\u017e zem\u011bpisnou polohu m\u011b\u0159il. Pokud na m\u00edst\u011b setrval del\u0161\u00ed dobu, mohl stanovit i pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teploty.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Davidovou z\u00e1sluhou byla zorganizovan\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 meteorologick\u00fdch stanic v r\u00e1mci c. k. Vlastenecko-hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, v jejich\u017e ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00edch Pojedn\u00e1n\u00edch byly oti\u0161t\u011bny nejen p\u0159ehledy v\u00fdsledk\u016f pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch podm\u00ednek z r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch kraj\u016f z let 1817 a\u017e 1834, ale t\u00e9\u017e v\u00fdsledky m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v Klementinu.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Prahu opustil koncem roku 1833 z\u00a0d\u016fvodu zhor\u0161en\u00ed sv\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho stavu a vr\u00e1til se do kl\u00e1\u0161tera v\u00a0Tepl\u00e9 na penzi jako \u0161estasedmdes\u00e1tilet\u00fd \u201esta\u0159ec\u201c po pr\u00e1ci t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pades\u00e1ti let na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b. Zem\u0159el v Tepl\u00e9 22. \u00fanora 1836 ve v\u011bku 79 let \u201ese\u0161lost\u00ed v\u011bkem\u201c. Poh\u0159ben byl o t\u0159i dny pozd\u011bji a ostatky jeho t\u011bla odpo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00ed na kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00edm h\u0159bitov\u011b z\u00e1padn\u011b od vchodu.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e Tepl\u00e9 zalo\u017eil David meteorologickou stanici, jej\u00ed\u017e z\u00e1pisy m\u00e1me po dobu 27 let a\u017e do r. 1833. \u00damrt\u00edm zakladatele stanice zanikla. V Tepl\u00e9 si z\u0159\u00eddil hv\u011bzd\u00e1rnu v kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00edm parku a na Brani\u0161ovsk\u00e9m vrchu, vzd\u00e1len\u00e9m asi 10 km od kl\u00e1\u0161tera. Od konce roku 1831 se David stal seniorem, tedy nejstar\u0161\u00edm \u010dlenem kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00edho konventu. Plnohodnotn\u00e9ho n\u00e1stupce ve sv\u00e9m oboru ji\u017e David v tepelsk\u00e9m kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e nem\u011bl. Lze jenom p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee astronomick\u00fdmi v\u00fdzkumy se je\u0161t\u011b po jeho smrti zab\u00fdval o generaci mlad\u0161\u00ed tepelsk\u00fd spolubratr profesor Lambert Mayer, kter\u00fd p\u016fsobil v letech 1835\u20131862 jako \u0159editel Polytechnick\u00e9ho institutu v Budape\u0161ti.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jako \u0159editel pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny se v\u011bnoval zejm\u00e9na geod\u00e9zii a v letech 1801\u20131820 zpracoval se sv\u00fdmi spolupracovn\u00edky novou p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mapu \u010cech. Novou metodou ur\u010dil p\u0159esn\u00e9 polohy hv\u011bzd\u00e1ren v Praze, Dr\u00e1\u017e\u010fanech a Vratislavi, kdy\u017e \u010dasov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mezi nimi korigoval pomoc\u00ed sv\u011bteln\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f z pra\u017esk\u00e9ho Pet\u0159\u00edna. Napsal \u017eivotopis Isaaca Newtona (1783) a publikoval mnoho odborn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f o astronomii a topografii.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u011bnoval se tak\u00e9 meteorologii a fenologii. Jako prvn\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b popsal zp\u016fsob p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed podle zm\u011bn atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9ho tlaku.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Meteorologickou poz\u016fstalost Davidovu z doby od 1. ledna 1789 do 31. prosince 1799 tvo\u0159\u00ed osm se\u0161it\u016f \u0161koln\u00edho form\u00e1tu s pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u0159ikr\u00e1t denn\u011b a 34 foliov\u00fdch svazk\u016f z let 1800\u20141833 s pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm osmkr\u00e1t denn\u011b. Z\u00e1znamy v mal\u00fdch se\u0161itech jsou v\u0161echny, a\u017e na mal\u00e9 v\u00fdjimky, kdy m\u011b\u0159il a zapisoval David\u016fv synovec, poslucha\u010d filosofie, p\u00edsmem Davidov\u00fdm. Ve svazc\u00edch velk\u00fdch je p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st z\u00e1pis\u016f, pokud David nebyl mimo Prahu, tak\u00e9 jeho p\u00edsmem.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u0161echny tyto den\u00edky jsou zachov\u00e1ny v archivu b\u00fdval\u00e9 St\u00e1tn\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v Praze, dne\u0161n\u00edho Astronomick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 akademie v\u011bd. Z\u00e1znamy velk\u00fdch den\u00edk\u016f obsahuj\u00ed: v\u00fd\u0161ku barometrick\u00e9ho tlaku v palc\u00edch a \u010d\u00e1rk\u00e1ch v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e9 stopy, teplotu vzduchu na tlakom\u011bru, teplotu teplom\u011bru venkovn\u00edho, v\u0161e v stupn\u00edch Reaumurov\u00fdch, teplotu podle \u0161k\u00e1ly Fahrenheitovy a \u010dasto i \u00fadaj teploty vzduchu podle teplom\u011br\u016f jin\u00fdch, je\u017e se na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b bud zkou\u0161ely, nebo jich\u017e se neu\u017e\u00edvalo pravideln\u011b k denn\u00edmu m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, stupe\u0148 vlhkosti, po p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u201esuchosti&#8221; vzduchu podle n\u011bkolika vlhkom\u011br\u016f; \u00fadaje o souhlase nebo odchylce jednotliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f proti p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016fm z\u00e1kladn\u00edm jsou pe\u010dliv\u011b zaznamen\u00e1ny, tak jako v\u0161echny opravy a \u00fapravy, jich\u017e bylo pot\u0159eb\u00ed ob\u010das na p\u0159\u00edstroj\u00edch. Jsou tu podrobn\u00e9 \u00fadaje o tvaru oblak a o jejich tahu zna\u010dkami mannheimsk\u00e9 stupnice, o sm\u011bru a s\u00edle v\u011btru podle \u010dty\u0159d\u00edln\u00e9 stupnice mannheimsk\u00e9, z\u00e1znamy o dnech slune\u010dn\u00fdch, po\u0161murn\u00fdch, temn\u00fdch, klidn\u00fdch, o de\u0161ti a sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed; o mlze, n\u00e1mraze, o bou\u0159k\u00e1ch, jejich tahu a s\u00edle. P\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se tu k \u00fakaz\u016fm meteorologick\u00e9 optiky, k duh\u00e1m, kol\u016fm kolem Slunce a M\u011bs\u00edce, pol\u00e1rn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159\u00edm, scintillaci hv\u011bzd, zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu aj. Pravideln\u011b jsou tu zapisov\u00e1na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed fenologick\u00e1, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o ovocn\u00e9 stromy, jejich rozkv\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed a zr\u00e1n\u00ed plod\u016f, o obil\u00ed, jeho vzr\u016fst, met\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u016fb\u011bh \u017en\u00ed kolem Prahy i v okol\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na kolem Tepl\u00e9. Pravideln\u011b b\u00fdv\u00e1 zapisov\u00e1n n\u00e1vrat vla\u0161tovek, prv\u00e9 lety netop\u00fdr\u016f, zamrz\u00e1n\u00ed a odchod ledu Vltavy. Tyto dom\u00e1c\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy jsou dopl\u0148ov\u00e1ny v\u00fdpisky, \u010dasto zna\u010dn\u011b podrobn\u00fdmi, z novin o meteorologick\u00e9 situaci v cizin\u011b, zejm\u00e9na \u0161lo-li o extr\u00e9mn\u00ed teploty, n\u00e1padn\u011b siln\u00e9 bou\u0159ky nebo mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b velk\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky, o zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edch a v\u016fbec o v\u0161em, co mohlo tehdej\u0161\u00edho meteorologa zaj\u00edmat. Podrobn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky k m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm psal pouze David; jakmile odjel na n\u011bkterou ze sv\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch cest, obsahuj\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed hol\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla. Jeho pomocn\u00edci nebyli patrn\u011b schopni posoudit pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed situaci tak, aby ji mohli bezpe\u010dn\u011b popsat. Den\u00edky jsou ps\u00e1ny latinsky, zpr\u00e1vy novin jsou z n\u011bmeck\u00fdch p\u0159edloh. Obsah den\u00edk\u016f mal\u00fdch je m\u00e9n\u011b podrobn\u00fd, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u0161ak jsou zde tak\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Krom\u011b m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch a meteorologick\u00fdch na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b vykonal David velmi \u010detn\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed oboj\u00edho druhu na sv\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch. Konal je sv\u00fdm n\u00e1kladem po dobu \u010dty\u0159iceti let od roku 1790 do 1833, kdy dos\u00e1hl v\u011bku 76 let a kdy nemohl d\u00e9le sn\u00e1\u0161et nepohodl\u00ed cestov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kdy\u017e se stal roku 1789 adjunktem hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny, nebyla, podle jeho slov, krom\u011b Prahy a Ben\u00e1tek, kdysi s\u00eddla observato\u0159e Tyge Braha, ur\u010dena astronomicky poloha \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho jin\u00e9ho m\u00edsta \u010cech a tak\u00e9 tyto hodnoty pot\u0159ebovaly je\u0161t\u011b opravy, nebo\u0165 zem\u011bpisn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka Prahy byla sice ur\u010dena spr\u00e1vn\u011b prac\u00ed profesora Gerstnera, p\u00f3lov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka byla v\u0161ak ud\u00e1na p\u0159edch\u016fdci o p\u016fl minuty p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1. Proto \u201epova\u017eoval za podstatnou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho povol\u00e1n\u00ed postarat se o to, aby tento nedostatek byl odstran\u011bn astronomick\u00fdm zm\u011b\u0159en\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch poloh k zlep\u0161en\u00ed mapy Mullerovy a k navr\u017een\u00ed nov\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 mapy \u010cech. Tak napsal s\u00e1m v p\u0159edmluv\u011b k pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eGeographische Ortsbestimmung von Worlik und Drhowl&#8221; (1815). Mapa M\u00fcllerova, o kterou tu jde, byla vypracov\u00e1na zem\u011bm\u011b\u0159i\u010dem, zemsk\u00fdm in\u017een\u00fdrem Janem Christi\u00e1nem Mullerem na rozkaz vl\u00e1dy a vyd\u00e1na r. 1720 tiskem n\u00e1kladem stav\u016f kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9ho. Polohy jej\u00edch m\u00edst nebyly stanoveny na z\u00e1klad\u011b m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00e9ho a geodetick\u00e9ho.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Davidovy cesty za t\u00edmto \u00fakolem ho vedly nejprve k hranic\u00edm \u010cech, k zm\u011b\u0159en\u00ed poloh hlavn\u00edch bod\u016f a k zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed tvaru, jak\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed obvod zem\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9. Druhou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed programu bylo zm\u011b\u0159en\u00ed poloh m\u00edst ve vnitrozem\u00ed. Zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky odvozoval z m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed koresponduj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fd\u0161ek Slunce pobl\u00ed\u017ee poledn\u00edku, zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky z pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kryt\u016f hv\u011bzd M\u011bs\u00edcem, hlavn\u011b v\u0161ak metodou oh\u0148ov\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00fdch\u017eto m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed organisoval s dobrovoln\u00fdmi spolupracovn\u00edky cel\u00e9 \u0159ady. Podle t\u00e9to metody bylo v noci zap\u00e1leno vhodn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed st\u0159eln\u00e9ho prachu na m\u00edst\u011b (obvykle vrchu), je\u017e bylo sou\u010dasn\u011b viditeln\u00e9 ze v\u0161ech stanic. Okam\u017eik z\u00e1blesku vybuchnuv\u0161\u00edho prachu byl konstatov\u00e1n na v\u0161ech stanic\u00edch kyvadlov\u00fdmi hodinami a rozd\u00edly zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch d\u00e9lek se pak odvodily z m\u00edstn\u00edch \u010das\u016f, ov\u0161em se z\u0159etelem k p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm oprav\u00e1m hodin.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na cesty vozil David v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edstroje, pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdm i meteorologick\u00fdm: sextant, koupen\u00fd z Anglie prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm barona Zacha, kyvadlov\u00e9 hodiny, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edlo pra\u017esk\u00e9ho hodin\u00e1\u0159e Simona M\u00fcllera, zhotoven\u00e9 k podn\u011btu \u0159editele Strnada tak, aby se daly snadno rozlo\u017eit a zase slo\u017eit k pohodln\u00e9mu p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017een\u00ed a u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed na cest\u00e1ch. Kdy\u017e Spole\u010dnost nauk zakoupila z Anglie roku 1793 kapesn\u00ed chronometr, u\u017e\u00edval po \u0159adu let i tohoto p\u0159\u00edstroje. Vozil na cesty ov\u0161em i tlakom\u011br a teplom\u011bry.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Cestoval obvykle v dob\u011b od kv\u011btna do konce z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, n\u011bkter\u00e9 cesty se prot\u00e1hly a\u017e do \u0159\u00edjna. O v\u0161ech t\u011bchto podnic\u00edch, o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a v\u00fdsledc\u00edch zanechal podrobn\u00e9 z\u00e1pisky v pozorovac\u00edch denic\u00edch.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Putovn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed M. A. Davida tvo\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st jeho \u017eivotn\u00edho d\u00edla. Po \u010dty\u0159icet let, od kv\u011btna a\u017e do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, n\u011bkdy i do \u0159\u00edjna, byl na cest\u00e1ch. A s\u00a0n\u00edm vedle p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f astronomick\u00fdch cestovaly i tlakom\u011br a teplom\u011br.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Rozsah jeho pr\u00e1ce je patrn\u00fd ze seznamu cest. Roku 1790 cestoval k z\u00e1padn\u00edm hranic\u00edm \u010cech a do Plzn\u011b, 1792 do okol\u00ed Karlov\u00fdch Var\u016f a do Tepl\u00e9, 1793 do Vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho Brodu a do n\u011bkter\u00fdch rakousk\u00fdch m\u00edst pobl\u00ed\u017e hranic \u010cech, t\u00e9ho\u017e roku je\u0161t\u011b do \u017ditenic u Litom\u011b\u0159ic, kde \u017eil jeho p\u0159\u00edtel a spolupracovn\u00edk, meteorolog a kartograf, d\u011bkan Fr. Kreybich; roku 1794 a 1796 se vypravil na Kr\u00e1lick\u00fd Sn\u011b\u017en\u00edk a k hranic\u00edm \u010cech a Moravy, 1795 do Krkono\u0161 a k severn\u00ed hranici \u010cech, 1796 do Kramol\u00edna a Marian. L\u00e1zn\u00ed; Roku 1797 se vypravil k z\u00e1padn\u00ed hranici zem\u011b (hora sv. Anny u Chebu), do Slan\u00e9ho a do Sazen\u00e9ho, \u00famrtn\u00edho m\u00edsta \u0159editele Strnada a na \u0158\u00edp; roku 1798 se vydal lod\u00ed firmy Lanna, dov\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed z \u010c. Bud\u011bjovic s\u016fl, do Litom\u011b\u0159ic a \u017ditenic; pozd\u011bji odjel do Hradi\u0161t\u011b nad S\u00e1zavou, potom do Vy\u0161. Brodu a na ji\u017en\u00ed hranici \u010cech s Rakousy, aby p\u0159ezkou\u0161el v\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed z r. 1793; roku 1799 byl ve Vrchlab\u00ed, v b\u0159eznu 1801 v Ben\u00e1tk\u00e1ch, p\u016fsobi\u0161ti Tyge Braha, v srpnu toho roku na jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed hranici \u010cech, na ho\u0159e sv. Vint\u00ed\u0159e, v Klatovech a jin\u00fdch m\u00edstech \u0160umavy (na Javoru), jako\u017e i v z\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch, 1804 v Teplic\u00edch, v kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e Oseku a v Nakl\u00e9\u0159ov\u011b. Roku 1805 organisoval oh\u0148ov\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly na Sn\u011b\u017ece a na Pet\u0159\u00edn\u011b k zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 polohy Vratislavy, 1806 v Kupferbergu a na \u0158\u00edpu, 1808 v Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 L\u00edp\u011b, 1810 v okol\u00ed Plzn\u011b, v Chot\u011b\u0161ov\u011b, v \u0160opce u M\u011bln\u00edka a v Jablonn\u00e9m. Roku 1811 trianguloval panstv\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161tera v Tepl\u00e9, 1812 m\u011b\u0159il na vrchu Radimovce a na Sv. Ho\u0159e u P\u0159\u00edbrami, aby zjistil polohu Orl\u00edka a Drhovle, tak\u00e9 na Orl\u00edku, kde byl i roku 1813 a 1814; roku 1817 m\u011b\u0159il v \u010cerven\u00e9m Hr\u00e1dku u Chomutova, 1818 v Mari\u00e1nsk\u00fdch L\u00e1zn\u00edch a v Mnichov\u011b, 1819 v Pod\u011bbradech, v \u010cerven\u00e9m Hr\u00e1dku a v Lounech, 1820 v \u010dervnu a \u010dervenci na Postlingbergu, v Linci, Solnohradu, t\u00e9ho\u017e roku v srpnu, z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a \u0159\u00edjnu na ho\u0159e sv. Anny u Chebu, 1821 ve V\u00eddni, 1822 znovu na Postlingbergu, v Linci a Solnohradu, ve Vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm Brod\u011b a v Krumlov\u011b, 1823 ve Zbenici, 1824 a 1825 v Nov\u00fdch Z\u00e1mc\u00edch, v okol\u00ed B\u011bl\u00e9 a v Housce, 1825 ve Sme\u010dn\u011b, na K\u0159ivokl\u00e1tu a v Ni\u017eboru, 1826 v B\u0159eznu a na Nov\u00fdch Hradech, 1827 znovu na Nov\u00fdch Hradech, 1828 v Teplic\u00edch, 1829 v P\u00e1tku, 1830, 1831 a 1833 v Teplic\u00edch. Nejsou zde uvedena \u010detn\u00e1 m\u00edsta, v nich\u017e David se pouze zastavil, n\u00fdbr\u017e pouze hlavn\u00ed c\u00edle jeho cest. Ka\u017ed\u00e9ho roku tr\u00e1vil \u010d\u00e1st l\u00e9ta ve sv\u00e9m kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e v Tepl\u00e9 a po n\u011bkolik let doj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bl pravideln\u011b k vinobran\u00ed na M\u011bln\u00edce, na vinici, n\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed jeho kl\u00e1\u0161teru, kterou spravoval.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na v\u0161ech t\u011bchto cest\u00e1ch konal David krom\u011b m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed barometrem k stanoven\u00ed nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky m\u00edsta a m\u011b\u0159il t\u00e9\u017e teplotu vzduchu. M\u011b\u0159il v\u0161ak tyto prvky nejen na c\u00edlech sv\u00fdch cest, kde m\u011b\u0159il astronomicky, ale v\u0161ude tam, kde se cestou zastavil, u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho hostince, v n\u011bm\u017e p\u0159enocoval nebo kde se zastavil dostavn\u00edk, u bytu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edtele a p\u0159\u00edznivce, u n\u011bho\u017e pobyl, v ka\u017ed\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b, v n\u011bm\u017e se pozdr\u017eel z jak\u00e9hokoli d\u016fvodu.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na t\u011bchto stanovi\u0161t\u00edch m\u011b\u0159il zm\u011bny prvk\u016f meteorologick\u00fdch tolikr\u00e1t denn\u011b, kolikr\u00e1t uznal za pot\u0159ebn\u00e9; na zast\u00e1vk\u00e1ch cestou m\u011b\u0159\u00edval obvykle t\u0159ikr\u00e1t denn\u011b, v m\u00edst\u011b, v n\u011bm\u017e se zdr\u017eel d\u00e9le ne\u017eli den a\u017e \u0161estkr\u00e1t a sedmkr\u00e1t denn\u011b. V\u017edy zapisoval sm\u011br v\u011btru a jeho s\u00edlu, sr\u00e1\u017eky, bou\u0159ky a jin\u00e9 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fakazy. Cestou si v\u0161\u00edmal vlivu pov\u011btrnosti na v\u00fdvoj rostlin, zejm\u00e9na obil\u00ed a ovoce, pozoroval tahy pt\u00e1k\u016f a jin\u00e9 fenologick\u00e9 jevy. I na cesty k vinobran\u00ed do M\u011bln\u00edka vozil tlakom\u011br a teplom\u011br a m\u011b\u0159il tu krom\u011b tlaku a teploty voln\u00e9ho vzduchu i teplotu vzduchu p\u0159i zemi. O vina\u0159stv\u00ed m\u011bl zna\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bdomosti jak je z\u0159ejm\u00e9 z \u010d\u00e1sti jeho pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 poloze M\u011bln\u00edka \u201eUeber die geographische Lage der Stadt Melnik und den dortigen Weinbau&#8221; (1814).<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Den\u00edky z\u00e1znam\u016f z t\u011bchto cest se zachovaly v archivu hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny; obvykle tu je o ka\u017ed\u00e9 cest\u011b krom\u011b den\u00edku meteorologick\u00e9ho den\u00edk m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch s p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi v\u00fdpo\u010dty a se\u0161it z v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f nadmo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161ek m\u00edst, na nich\u017e David m\u011b\u0159il. Zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch poloh, zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch Davidem, pou\u017eil p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm David\u016fv spolupracovn\u00edk P. Fr. Kreybich, d\u011bkan v \u017ditenic\u00edch u Litom\u011b\u0159ic, k sestrojen\u00ed nov\u00e9 mapy \u010cech a map jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u016f \u010cesk\u00fdch. Pr\u00e1vem nazval astronom E. Buchar Davida pro tyto jeho cenn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce zakladatelem geodetick\u00e9 astronomie v \u010cech\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fdsledky Davidov\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch a geodetick\u00fdch jsou oti\u0161t\u011bny v \u0159ad\u011b asi t\u0159iceti pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed; v\u011bt\u0161ina jich vy\u0161la ve spisech b\u00fdval\u00e9 Spole\u010dnosti nauk v Praze, n\u011bkolik jich vydal David samostatn\u011b, nepochybn\u011b n\u00e1kladem sv\u00e9ho kl\u00e1\u0161tera. V\u00fdsledky pravideln\u00fdch ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00edch astronomick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vy\u0161ly jednak tak\u00e9 ve spisech Spole\u010dnosti, jednak v \u010dasopisech zahrani\u010dn\u00edch; byly to \u201eAllgemeine geographische Ephemeriden&#8221;, vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed ve V\u00fdmaru, \u201eMonatliche Correspondenz zur Bef\u00f3rderung der Erd- und Himmels-kunde&#8221;, vyd\u00e1van\u00e1 v G\u00f3t\u011b, oba \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 Davidov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edtelem, \u0159editelem hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny na Seebergu u G\u00f3ty, baronem Zachem, d\u00e1le v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e1 ro\u010denka astronomick\u00e1 \u201eEphemerides Vindobonenses&#8221;, vyd\u00e1van\u00e1 v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00fdm astronomem, \u0159editelem hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny Fr. Triesneckerem, ro\u010denka J. E. Bodeho, \u201eAstronomisches Jahrbuch&#8221;, vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed v Berl\u00edn\u011b, \u201eZeitschrift f\u00fcr Astronomie und verwandte Wissenschaften&#8221;, \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd n\u00e1stupcem Zachov\u00fdm v G\u00f3t\u011b, Bernhardem von Lin-denau a J. G. F. Bohnenbergem v Tubink\u00e1ch a ve \u0160tutgart\u011b a \u201eAstronomische Nachrichten&#8221;, vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed v Alton\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Davidova m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 nebyla vyd\u00e1na tiskem a to ani m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na cest\u00e1ch, krom\u011b jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdsledn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f, prov\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159\u00edmo n\u011bkter\u00e1 astronomick\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ek, obsa\u017een\u00e1 v p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch pojedn\u00e1n\u00edch. Av\u0161ak v p\u0159ehledech pov\u011btrnosti v \u010desk\u00fdch kraj\u00edch v letech 1817\u20131829 a 1831, zpracovan\u00fdch z pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pozorovatel\u016f na stanic\u00edch Spole\u010dnosti vlastenecko-hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a touto spole\u010dnost\u00ed vyd\u00e1van\u00fdch tiskem, podal David, jen\u017e tuto meteorologickou slu\u017ebu organizoval, i v\u00fdsledky meteorologick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b. V n\u00e1zvech t\u0159\u00ed posledn\u00edch prac\u00ed z let 1828, 1829 a 1831 je to p\u0159\u00edmo vysloveno. Ro\u010dn\u00edk 1830, jen\u017e v t\u00e9to \u0159ad\u011b sch\u00e1z\u00ed, napsal adjunkt hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny Adam Bittner.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fdsledky m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch, vykonan\u00fdch modern\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edstroji a metodami spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, ne\u017e jak\u00fdch u\u017e\u00edval David, mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Davidovy, av\u0161ak denn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, konan\u00e1 j\u00edm a jeho spolupracovn\u00edky na Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b, maj\u00ed cenu trvalou a jsou mohutn\u00fdm kamenem v z\u00e1kladech budovy \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u0158ada p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 opat\u0159il v Mnichov\u011b nebo s\u00e1m zkonstruoval, je dnes vystavena v Klementinu<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Meteorolog G. Hellmann hodnotil v\u00fdsledky meteorologick\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b Spole\u010dnosti velmi vysoko. \u201eZe v\u0161ech zem\u00ed rakousko-uhersk\u00e9 monarchie\u201c, psal Hellmann, \u201em\u016f\u017ee se jako prvn\u00ed vyk\u00e1zati uspo\u0159\u00e1danou s\u00edt\u00ed pravideln\u011b funguj\u00edc\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch stanic kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9. K\u00a0t\u00e9to priorit\u011b mu dopomohly jeho samostatn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postaven\u00ed, jeho vysok\u00e1 kulturn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 v\u016f\u010di jin\u00fdm \u010d\u00e1stem c\u00edsa\u0159stv\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u0161ak probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se les\u016f a vod, kter\u00e9 byly odjak\u017eiva pal\u010div\u00e9 pro obyvatelstvo, pon\u011bvad\u017e jednou \u0161kodily blahobytu obyvatelstva obrovsk\u00e9 povodn\u011b, jindy nadm\u011brn\u00e1 sucha. Byla to d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed c. k. Vlastenecko-hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, tolik zaslou\u017eil\u00e1 o zemi, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e na po\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto stolet\u00ed (19. stolet\u00ed), obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u0161ak v\u00a0dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch letech, piln\u011b dbala na to, aby zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm meteorologick\u00fdch stanic, vhodn\u011b rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch po \u010cech\u00e1ch, byly vyzkoum\u00e1ny jejich meteorologick\u00e9 pom\u011bry. V \u201eNov\u00fdch spisech\u201c t\u00e9to Spole\u010dnosti najdeme ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b publikov\u00e1ny pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hodnoty meteorologick\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00a020 a\u017e 22 stanic pospolu s\u00a0rozborem tou dobou panuj\u00edc\u00edch pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch vliv\u016f na poln\u00ed \u00farodu. A proto tak\u00e9 mohl K. Kreil pom\u011brn\u011b tak brzy (1864) napsati \u201eKlimatologie von B\u00f6hmen\u201c, podlo\u017eenou bohat\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem, a proto tak\u00e9 mohl Soclair sestavit ji\u017e v\u00a0roce 1860 del\u0161\u00ed \u0159ady pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek z\u00a0t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 40 \u010desk\u00fdch stanic\u201c.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Strnadova koncepce rozvoje meteorologick\u00e9ho b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch byla skute\u010dn\u011b velkolep\u00e1. Z\u00e1sluhou Davidovou je, \u017ee v\u00a0tomto z\u00e1m\u011bru pokra\u010doval a splnil tak Strnad\u016fv odkaz. Meteorologick\u00e1 observato\u0159 v\u00a0Klementinu st\u00e1la v\u00a0\u010dele n\u00e1rodn\u00edho meteorologick\u00e9ho a klimatologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu a dosahovala v\u00fdsledk\u016f, kter\u00fdmi se nemohly tehdy pochlubit ani nejvysp\u011blej\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Davidova pr\u00e1ce byla uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na a oce\u0148ov\u00e1na \u010dlenstv\u00edm v\u00a0u\u010den\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech a volbou do vysok\u00fdch akademick\u00fdch funkc\u00ed. David v\u0161ak nep\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eel ani drobnou populariza\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. Obvykle \u0159\u00eddil astronomickou a meteorologickou \u010d\u00e1st kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Z\u00e1sluhou Strnadovou a Davidovou stanula meteorologick\u00e1 observato\u0159 na prvn\u00edm vrcholu sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje. Druh\u00e9ho dos\u00e1hla pak v\u00a0dob\u00e1ch Kreilov\u00fdch a Fritschov\u00fdch.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dtvrttis\u00edcilet\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed od narozen\u00ed Aloise Martina Davida sk\u00fdt\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k co mo\u017en\u00e1 nej\u00fapln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed faktografick\u00e9 bilanci odborn\u00e9 a v\u011bdeck\u00e9 \u010dinnosti tohoto v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho \u010desk\u00e9ho astronoma. Je t\u0159eba up\u0159esnit, \u017ee je my\u0161leno teritori\u00e1ln\u011b \u010desk\u00e9ho, resp. zemsk\u00e9ho vlastence, kter\u00fd poch\u00e1zel z tehdy n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho jazykov\u00e9ho prostoru Tepelska, kde o \u010desk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti lze jen t\u011b\u017eko uva\u017eovat. Ostatn\u011b David je jedn\u00edm z typick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f odborn\u00edka, kter\u00fd vystudoval sv\u016fj obor v latin\u011b, av\u0161ak musel o n\u011bm pozd\u011bji komunikovat v r\u00e1mci Rakousk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159stv\u00ed a n\u011bmeck\u00fdch zem\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b v n\u011bm\u010din\u011b, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b s dal\u0161\u00edmi negermanofonn\u00edmi evropsk\u00fdmi odborn\u00edky v latin\u011b nebo ve francouz\u0161tin\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Jeho dosti obsa\u017en\u00e1 p\u00edsemn\u00e1 poz\u016fstalost se dochovala v archivu Kl\u00e1\u0161tera premonstr\u00e1t\u016f Tepl\u00e1, kter\u00fd byl a je od roku 1967 b\u011b\u017en\u011b badatelsk\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00fd. Komplement\u00e1rn\u00ed archivn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly najdeme vedle tepelsk\u00e9ho knihovn\u00edho fondu rukopis\u016f (kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00ed An\u00e1ly sv. 21 a nekrologia) i v Archivu Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR ve fondu St\u00e1tn\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pam\u011btn\u00ed deska p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 Davidovu osobnost v rodn\u00fdch D\u0159evohryzech od roku 2007. Trvalou upom\u00ednkou na Aloise Martina Davida v jeho obl\u00edben\u00e9m vesm\u00edru se stala planetka \u010d. 6385, kterou pod jeho jm\u00e9nem zaregistrovala Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed astronomick\u00e1 unie v USA.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V listopadu roku 2007 se Kl\u00e1\u0161teru premonstr\u00e1t\u016f Tepl\u00e1 ve spolupr\u00e1ci s veden\u00edm Astronomick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Karlovy univerzity a Akademi\u00ed v\u011bd \u010cR poda\u0159ilo realizovat t\u0159\u00edt\u00fddenn\u00ed v\u00fdstavu k Davidovu 250. jubileu ve v\u00fdstavn\u00ed s\u00edni hlavn\u00ed budovy Akademie v\u011bd. Expozice se t\u011b\u0161ila z\u00e1jmu odborn\u00e9 i pou\u010den\u00e9 laick\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-575d8a7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"575d8a7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a8c715\" data-id=\"4a8c715\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60dfe9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"60dfe9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Alois-Martin-David_1816.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Alois Martin David_1816\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAyNiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cDpcL1wvd3d3LmNtZXMuY3pcL3dlYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyM1wvMTBcL0Fsb2lzLU1hcnRpbi1EYXZpZF8xODE2LmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"222\" height=\"269\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Alois-Martin-David_1816.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1026\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Martin Alois David \u2013 rektorsk\u00fd portr\u00e9t z roku 1816 s admir\u00e1ln\u00ed sf\u00e9rou, rektorsk\u00fdm \u0159et\u011bzem a z\u00e1slu\u017enou medail\u00ed s \u0159et\u011bzem a k\u0159\u00ed\u017eem, ud\u011blenou mu c\u00edsa\u0159em Franti\u0161kem I. Zdroj: Repro Wikipedia (reprofoto Ji\u0159\u00ed Schierl, origin\u00e1l obrazu ve sb\u00edrce Kanonie premonstr\u00e1t\u016f Tepl\u00e1).<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d916de1\" data-id=\"d916de1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ae1f49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4ae1f49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_wikipedie.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"david_wikipedie\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTA0MiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cDpcL1wvd3d3LmNtZXMuY3pcL3dlYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyM1wvMTBcL2RhdmlkX3dpa2lwZWRpZS5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"164\" height=\"186\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_wikipedie.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1042\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a9d77de\" data-id=\"a9d77de\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1af162 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f1af162\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/David-od-astronomu.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"David od astronom\u016f\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAyNywidXJsIjoiaHR0cDpcL1wvd3d3LmNtZXMuY3pcL3dlYlwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyM1wvMTBcL0RhdmlkLW9kLWFzdHJvbm9tdS5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"238\" height=\"299\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/David-od-astronomu.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1027\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cf70971 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cf70971\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ca48d5\" data-id=\"3ca48d5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90dd33e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"90dd33e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"788\" height=\"162\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_zaznam-o-narozeni.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1028\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_zaznam-o-narozeni.jpg 788w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_zaznam-o-narozeni-300x62.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_zaznam-o-narozeni-768x158.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 788px) 100vw, 788px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Z\u00e1znam o jeho narozen\u00ed v D\u0159evohryzech na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch matriky farn\u00ed obce Vid\u017e\u00edn. Zdroj: Repro SOA v Plzni - Porta fontium.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3029494\" data-id=\"3029494\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-948b153 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"948b153\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"462\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_zaznam-o-skonu-1024x462.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1029\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_zaznam-o-skonu-1024x462.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_zaznam-o-skonu-300x135.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_zaznam-o-skonu-768x347.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_zaznam-o-skonu.jpg 1219w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Martin Alois david - z\u00e1znam o jeho \u00famrt\u00ed<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8ba187f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8ba187f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47ee97f\" data-id=\"47ee97f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6225936 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6225936\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"462\" height=\"400\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_matrika-obce-Vidzin.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1030\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_matrika-obce-Vidzin.jpg 462w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_matrika-obce-Vidzin-300x260.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 462px) 100vw, 462px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Tituln\u00ed list a frontispis matriky farn\u00ed obce Vid\u017e\u00edn, obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1znam o jeho narozen\u00ed. Zdroj:  Repro SOA v Plzni - Porta fontium.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66f5d19\" data-id=\"66f5d19\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e12e6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6e12e6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"338\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_klaster-v-Teple13.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1031\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_klaster-v-Teple13.jpg 450w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_klaster-v-Teple13-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Kl\u00e1\u0161ter v Tepl\u00e9. Foto Pavel Pol\u00e1k.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e93f0a0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e93f0a0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ce21cc\" data-id=\"2ce21cc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e040aad elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e040aad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"277\" height=\"450\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_publikace-1794.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1032\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_publikace-1794.jpg 277w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_publikace-1794-185x300.jpg 185w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 277px) 100vw, 277px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Tituln\u00ed list jeho pr\u00e1ce ve vyd\u00e1n\u00ed z roku 1794. Zdroj: Repro www str\u00e1nky Antikvari\u00e1t Paseka.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b8b8ce4\" data-id=\"b8b8ce4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52c9ef9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"52c9ef9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"326\" height=\"450\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_publikace-1800.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1033\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_publikace-1800.jpg 326w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_publikace-1800-217x300.jpg 217w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Tituln\u00ed list (1800) dal\u0161\u00edho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed jeho pr\u00e1ce<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ad4b378 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ad4b378\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-875c18f\" data-id=\"875c18f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d90ea0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4d90ea0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"522\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david-v-Ottove-slovniku.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1034\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david-v-Ottove-slovniku.jpg 600w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david-v-Ottove-slovniku-300x261.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Martin Alois David. Jeho heslo v Ottov\u011b slovn\u00edku nau\u010dn\u00e9m od Dr. Gustava Grusse, adjunkta c.k. hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v Praze. Zdroj: Repro Ott\u016fv slovn\u00edk nau\u010dn\u00fd: illustrovan\u00e1 encyklopaedie obecn\u00fdch v\u011bdomost\u00ed. Sedm\u00fd d\u00edl, D\u00e1nsko-D\u0159evec (1893), s. 90-91.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-24549da\" data-id=\"24549da\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88b5bfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"88b5bfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"837\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_Eurzbachuf-lexikon.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1035\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_Eurzbachuf-lexikon.jpg 1000w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_Eurzbachuf-lexikon-300x251.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_Eurzbachuf-lexikon-768x643.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Martin Alois David. O jeho v\u00fdznamu sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed rozsah textu ve Wurzbachov\u011b lexikonu osobnost\u00ed rakousk\u00e9ho mocn\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Zdroj: Repro C. v. Wurzbach, Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich enthaltend die Lebensskizzen der denkw\u00fcrdigen Personen, welche 1750 bis 1850 im Kai\u00dferstaate und in seinen Kronl\u00e4ndern gelebt haben. Dritter Teil, Coremans - Eger (1858), s. 177-179.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ccaa346 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ccaa346\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ae959c\" data-id=\"7ae959c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-665eb75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"665eb75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"455\" height=\"999\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_planetka.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1036\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_planetka.jpg 455w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_planetka-137x300.jpg 137w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Po M. A. Davidovi byla pojmenov\u00e1na planetka<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4517722\" data-id=\"4517722\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2db0a39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2db0a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"269\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_Vyssi-Brod.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1037\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_Vyssi-Brod.jpg 500w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/david_Vyssi-Brod-300x161.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Kl\u00e1\u0161ter ve Vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm brod\u011b 100 let po n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bve M. A. Davida<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-88ea7b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"88ea7b3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-323e1bd\" data-id=\"323e1bd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7b476f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e7b476f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Liter\u00e1rn\u00ed zdroje:<\/em><\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">HLINOMAZ, M., MILDORFOV\u00c1, L., 2008. Alois Martin1 David (8. 12. 1757 -\u200928. 2. 1836). K 250. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed narozen\u00ed nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 osobnosti Tepelska. In: Sborn\u00edk Muzea Karlovarsk\u00e9ho kraje, s. 123-140.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">KR\u0160KA, K., \u0160AMAJ, F., 2001. D\u011bjiny meteorologie v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na Slovensku. Nakl. Karolinum, Univerzita Karlova v Praze. 563 str. ISBN 80-7184-951-0.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Ott\u016fv slovn\u00edk nau\u010dn\u00fd, heslo David Martin Alois. Sedm\u00fd d\u00edl. Praha: J. Otto, 1893, str. 90\u201391.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">PEJML, K., 1975. 200 let meteorologick\u00e9 observato\u0159e v\u00a0pra\u017esk\u00e9m Klementinu. HM\u00da a St\u00e1tn\u00ed nakladatelstv\u00ed technick\u00e9 literatury. Praha. 1. vyd. 78 s.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">SEYDL, O., 1952. Meteorologie na pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b a v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch v\u00a0minulosti (1752\u20131839). In: Hanzl\u00edk\u016fv sborn\u00edk. K\u00a0sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdm narozenin\u00e1m. Publikace \u0159ady C, Svazek VI. Praha: St\u00e1tn\u00ed meteorologick\u00fd \u00fastav. s. 13\u201351.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">SEYDL, O., 1957. P. Martin Alois David k\u00a0dvoust\u00e9mu v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed jeho narozenin (1757\u20131957). <em>Meteorologick\u00e9 Zpr\u00e1vy<\/em>, ro\u010d. <strong>10<\/strong>, \u010d. 6, s 137\u2013139.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">SEYDL, O., 1963. Meteorologie na pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b v\u00a0Praze \u2013 Klementinu (1752\u20131940). In: <em>Sborn\u00edk prac\u00ed HM\u00da<\/em>, svazek 1. Praha, s\u00a09\u201334.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Alois Martin David. Zdroj: [online]. [cit. 25. 10. 2023]. Dostupn\u00e9 z\u00a0WWW:\u00a0 <a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"https:\/\/historyofscience.cz\/katalog\/tisk.php?id=308\">https:\/\/historyofscience.cz\/katalog\/tisk.php?id=308<\/a>.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kohout\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017e. Zdroj: [online]. [cit. 25. 10. 2023]. Dostupn\u00e9 z\u00a0WWW:\u00a0 <a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kohoutikriz.org\/autor.html?id=david&amp;t=p\">https:\/\/www.kohoutikriz.org\/autor.html?id=david&amp;t=p<\/a>.<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u0160OLC, M., 2004. Martin Alois David, jeho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 kontakty a \u00fasil\u00ed o novou hv\u011bzd\u00e1rnu mimo Klementinum. Zdroj: [online]. [cit. 25. 10. 2023]. Dostupn\u00e9 z\u00a0WWW: https:\/\/wwwold.nkp.cz\/bp\/bp2004_1\/22.htm.<\/span><\/h6><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5efa6ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5efa6ba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34fb559\" data-id=\"34fb559\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3a3ca8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d3a3ca8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr \/><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong> MARTIN ALOIS DAVID K DVOUST\u00c9MU V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd JEHO NAROZENIN (1757\u20131957)<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Obsah:\u00a0K dvoust\u00e9mu v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed narozenin P. M. A. Davida, \u0159editele b\u00fdval\u00e9 Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v letech 1800\u20141836, se pod\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159e\u00adhled jeho \u010dinnosti v meteorologii a geodetick\u00e9 astronomii.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na den 8. prosince t. r. p\u0159ipadlo dvoust\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed narozenin P. M. A. Davida, adjunkta a pozd\u011bji \u0159editele (1800 \u2014 1836) b\u00fdval\u00e9 Pra\u017e\u00adsk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v Praze-Klementinu. Spolu se sv\u00fdmi p\u0159edch\u016fdci, jesuitou P. Jos. Steplingem, zakladatelem Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny a &#8216; exjesuitou Ant. Strnadem, je David t\u0159et\u00edm budovatelem velk\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu meteorologick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed k pozn\u00e1n\u00ed pra\u017e\u00adsk\u00e9 pov\u011btrnosti. P\u0159isp\u011bl k n\u011bmu m\u011brou nemalou.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">David se narodil 8. prosince 1757 ve vsi D\u0159evohryzech, tehdy n\u011bmeck\u00e9, na Tepelsk\u00e9m panstv\u00ed u Mari\u00e1nsk\u00fdch L\u00e1zn\u00ed. Po studi\u00edch na kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00edm gymnasiu v Tepl\u00e9 studoval na universit\u011b v Praze theologii, matematiku a filosofii. V matematice byl \u017e\u00e1kem vyni\u00adkaj\u00edc\u00edho profesora Jana Tes\u00e1nka, na\u0161eho prv\u00e9ho vykladatele New\u00adtonov\u00fdch Principi\u00ed. Od r. 1780 byl \u010dlenem premonstr\u00e1tsk\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1d\u016f kapituly v Tepl\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Pra\u017esk\u00e1 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna z\u00edskala Davida r. 1789, kdy zde byl jmeno\u00adv\u00e1n adjunktem a kde byl ji\u017e od r. 1786 volont\u00e9rem. M\u00edsto ad\u00adjunkta obdr\u017eel po odchodu Fr. Gerstnera, kdy\u017e se tento stal uni\u00adversitn\u00edm profesorem po \u00famrt\u00ed prof. Tes\u00e1nka. Na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b byl David ne\u00famorn\u00fdm spolupracovn\u00edkem vlasteneck\u00e9ho \u0159editele, n\u00e1rodn\u00edho buditele Ant. Strnada a po jeho \u00famrt\u00ed r. 1799 se stal jeho n\u00e1stupcem od po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 1800.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Krom\u011b sv\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu \u0159editele hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny m\u011bl David \u00fa\u0159ad univer\u00adsitn\u00edho profesora astronomie; pro rok 1816 byl zvolen rektorem university. Velmi \u010dinn\u00fdm byl v b\u00fdval\u00e9 Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010d\u00adnosti nauk, jej\u00ed\u017e st\u00e1l\u00fdm tajemn\u00edkem byl po dobu dvaceti \u010dty\u0159 let, od r. 1807 do 1831 a direktorem od r. 1806 do 1807. Od r. 1817 \u0159\u00eddil meteorologick\u00e9 stanice Spole\u010dnosti vlastenecko-hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a do jej\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v p\u0159isp\u00edval p\u0159ehledy pov\u011btrnosti. Byl tak\u00e9 \u010destn\u00fdm \u010dlenem n\u011bkolika ciz\u00edch u\u010den\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, pod\u00edlel se velkou m\u011brou na v\u011bdeck\u00e9m pokroku sv\u00e9 doby a svou vlastn\u00ed ne\u00famornou prac\u00ed k n\u011bmu nem\u00e1lo p\u0159isp\u011bl.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Vykonal tak\u00e9 n\u011bkolik cest do ciziny k sv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm, aby po\u00adznal ciz\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny nebo aby se z\u00fa\u010dastnil velk\u00fdch astronomick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Roku 1801 nav\u0161t\u00edvil novou hv\u011bzd\u00e1rnu na Seebergu u G\u00f3ty, \u0159\u00edzenou jeho p\u0159\u00edtelem, baronem Fr. von Zachem, s n\u00edm\u017e si do\u00adpisoval od r. 1791 do 1805, roku 1818 odjel do Mnichova k n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011b\u00adv\u011b nov\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v Bognhausenu, r. 1820 a 1822 na vrch Postlingberg u Lince a do kl\u00e1\u0161tera v Kremsm\u00fcnsteru v Hor. Rakous\u00edch, kde se horliv\u011b p\u011bstovala astronomie. Tyto ob\u011b cesty podnikl ke zdaru velk\u00e9ho \u00fakolu, k zm\u011b\u0159en\u00ed rozd\u00edl\u016f zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch d\u00e9lek hv\u011bzd\u00e1ren Mnichova a Vidn\u011b, je\u017e vykonal na David\u016fv popud hlavn\u00ed ubytovatelsk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1b rakousk\u00fd metodou oh\u0148ov\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f. Roku 1821 byl po n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f ve V\u00eddni, kam byl povol\u00e1n dvorn\u00ed studijn\u00ed komis\u00ed, aby podal posudek o pl\u00e1nech na stavbu nov\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny ve V\u00eddni.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u017divotn\u00ed d\u00edlo Davidovo tvo\u0159\u00ed jeho pr\u00e1ce na Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm meteorologick\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed od r. 1789 do 1833 vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 jeho veden\u00edm a n\u00e1vodem, a astronomick\u00e1 ur\u010den\u00ed poloh \u010detn\u00fdch m\u00edst v Cech\u00e1ch k zlep\u0161en\u00ed nedokonal\u00e9 Mullerovy mapy \u010cech a jako podklad k sestrojen\u00ed mapy nov\u00e9. T\u0159et\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st jeho sna\u017een\u00ed, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem byla novostavba hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny m\u00edsto nevhodn\u00e9 astronomick\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee, nedo\u0161la spln\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159es v\u0161echnu n\u00e1mahu, kterou tomu c\u00edli v\u011b\u00adnoval doslovn\u011b od nastoupen\u00ed m\u00edsta \u0159editele hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny a\u017e do od\u00adchodu na odpo\u010dinek.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Dne 1. ledna 1789 zapo\u010dal David s\u00e1m \u0159adu meteorologick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b s \u0159editelem Strnadem (jeho\u017e \u0159ada se po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 dnem 1. ledna 1775) a pokra\u010doval v nich a\u017e do konce roku 1799; od 1. ledna 1800 v nich pokra\u010doval v rozsahu zna\u010dn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm se sv\u00fdmi spolupracovn\u00edky a\u017e do konce r. 1833; tehdy ode\u0161el do sv\u00e9ho kl\u00e1\u0161\u00adtera v Tepl\u00e9 jako sta\u0159ec \u0161estasedmdes\u00e1tilet\u00fd na odpo\u010dinek po pr\u00e1ci t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pades\u00e1ti let na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b. Prahu opustil po\u010d\u00e1tkem r. 1834 a zem\u0159el v Tepl\u00e9 22. \u00fanora 1836. Ostatky jeho t\u011bla odpo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00ed na kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00edm h\u0159bitov\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Tuto meteorologickou poz\u016fstalost Davidovu z doby od 1. ledna 1789 do 31. prosince 1799 tvo\u0159\u00ed osm se\u0161it\u016f \u0161koln\u00edho form\u00e1tu s po\u00adzorov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u0159ikr\u00e1t denn\u011b a 34 foliov\u00fdch svazk\u016f z let 1800\u20141833 s pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm osmkr\u00e1t denn\u011b. Z\u00e1znamy v mal\u00fdch se\u0161itech jsou v\u0161echny &#8211; a\u017e na mal\u00e9 v\u00fdjimky, kdy m\u011b\u0159il a zapisoval David\u016fv sy\u00adnovec, poslucha\u010d filosofie &#8211; p\u00edsmem Davidov\u00fdm, ve svazc\u00edch velk\u00fdch je p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st z\u00e1pis\u016f &#8211; pokud David nebyl mimo Prahu &#8211; tak\u00e9 jeho p\u00edsmem. V kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e Tepl\u00e9 zalo\u017eil David meteorologic\u00adkou stanici, jej\u00ed\u017e z\u00e1pisy m\u00e1me po dobu 27 let a\u017e do r. 1833. \u00damr\u00adt\u00edm zakladatele stanice zanikla.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u0161echny tyto den\u00edky jsou zachov\u00e1ny v archivu b\u00fdval\u00e9 St\u00e1tn\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny v Praze, dne\u0161n\u00edho Astronomick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu \u010ceskoslo\u00advensk\u00e9 akademie v\u011bd. Z\u00e1znamy velk\u00fdch den\u00edk\u016f obsahuj\u00ed: v\u00fd\u0161ku barom. tlaku v palc\u00edch a \u010d\u00e1rk\u00e1ch v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e9 stopy, teplotu vzduchu na tlakom\u011bru, teplotu teplom\u011bru venkovn\u00edho, v\u0161e v stupn\u00edch Reaumurov\u00fdch, teplotu podle \u0161k\u00e1ly Fahrenheitovy a \u010dasto i \u00fadaj teplo\u00adty vzduchu podle teplom\u011br\u016f jin\u00fdch, je\u017e se na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b bud zkou\u0161ely, nebo jich\u017e se neu\u017e\u00edvalo pravideln\u011b k denn\u00edmu m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, stupe\u0148 vlhkosti, po p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u201esuchosti&#8221; vzduchu podle n\u011bkolika vlhkom\u011br\u016f; \u00fadaje o souhlase nebo odchylce jednotliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f proti p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016fm z\u00e1kladn\u00edm jsou pe\u010dliv\u011b zaznamen\u00e1ny, tak jako v\u0161echny opravy a \u00fapravy, jich\u017e bylo pot\u0159eb\u00ed ob\u010das na p\u0159\u00edstroj\u00edch. Jsou tu podrobn\u00e9 \u00fadaje o tvaru oblak a o jejich tahu zna\u010dkami mannheimsk\u00e9 stupnice, o sm\u011bru a s\u00edle v\u011btru podle \u010dty\u0159d\u00edln\u00e9 stup\u00adnice mannheimsk\u00e9, z\u00e1znamy o dnech slune\u010dn\u00fdch, po\u0161murn\u00fdch, temn\u00fdch, klidn\u00fdch, o de\u0161ti a sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed; o mlze, n\u00e1mraze, o bou\u0159k\u00e1ch, jejich tahu a s\u00edle. P\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se tu k \u00fakaz\u016fm meteorologick\u00e9 optiky, k duh\u00e1m, kol\u016fm kolem Slunce a M\u011bs\u00edce, pol\u00e1rn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159\u00edm, scintillaci hv\u011bzd, zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu aj. Pravideln\u011b jsou tu zapiso\u00adv\u00e1na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed fenologick\u00e1, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o ovocn\u00e9 stromy, jejich rozkv\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed a zr\u00e1n\u00ed plod\u016f, o obil\u00ed, jeho vzr\u016fst, met\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u016f\u00adb\u011bh \u017en\u00ed kolem Prahy i v okol\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na kolem Tepl\u00e9. Pravideln\u011b b\u00fdv\u00e1 zapisov\u00e1n n\u00e1vrat vla\u0161tovek, prv\u00e9 lety netop\u00fdr\u016f, zamrz\u00e1n\u00ed a odchod ledu Vltavy. Tyto dom\u00e1c\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy jsou dopl\u0148ov\u00e1ny v\u00fd\u00adpisky, \u010dasto zna\u010dn\u011b podrobn\u00fdmi, z novin o meteorologick\u00e9 situaci v cizin\u011b, zejm\u00e9na \u0161lo-li o extr\u00e9mn\u00ed teploty, n\u00e1padn\u011b siln\u00e9 bou\u0159ky nebo mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b velk\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky, o zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edch a v\u016f\u00adbec o v\u0161em, co mohlo tehdej\u0161\u00edho meteorologa zaj\u00edmat. Podrobn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky k m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm psal pouze David; jakmile odjel na n\u011bkterou ze sv\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch cest, obsahuj\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed hol\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla. Jeho po\u00admocn\u00edci nebyli patrn\u011b schopni posoudit pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed situaci tak, aby ji mohli bezpe\u010dn\u011b popsat. Den\u00edky jsou ps\u00e1ny latinsky, zpr\u00e1vy novin jsou z n\u011bmeck\u00fdch p\u0159edloh. Obsah den\u00edk\u016f mal\u00fdch je m\u00e9n\u011b podrobn\u00fd, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u0161ak jsou zde tak\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Krom\u011b m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch a meteorologic\u00adk\u00fdch na hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b vykonal David velmi \u010detn\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed oboj\u00edho druhu na sv\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch. Konal je sv\u00fdm n\u00e1kladem po dobu \u010dty\u0159iceti let od roku 1790 do 1833, kdy dos\u00e1hl v\u011bku 76 let a kdy nemohl d\u00e9le sn\u00e1\u0161et nepohodl\u00ed cestov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Kdy\u017e se stal r. 1789 adjunktem hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny, nebyla, podle jeho slov, krom\u011b Prahy a Ben\u00e1tek, kdysi s\u00eddla observato\u0159e Tyge Braha, ur\u010dena astronomicky poloha \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho jin\u00e9ho m\u00edsta \u010cech a tak\u00e9 ty\u00adto hodnoty pot\u0159ebovaly je\u0161t\u011b opravy, nebo\u0165 zem\u011bpisn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka Pra\u00adhy byla sice ur\u010dena spr\u00e1vn\u011b prac\u00ed profesora Gerstnera, p\u00f3lov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka byla v\u0161ak ud\u00e1na p\u0159edch\u016fdci o p\u016fl minuty p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1. Proto \u201epova\u017eoval za podstatnou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho povol\u00e1n\u00ed postarat se o to, aby tento nedostatek byl odstran\u011bn astronomick\u00fdm zm\u011b\u0159en\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho &#8216; po\u010dtu zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch poloh k zlep\u0161en\u00ed mapy Mullerovy a k navr\u017een\u00ed nov\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 mapy \u010cech&#8221;. Tak napsal s\u00e1m v p\u0159edmluv\u011b k pojed\u00adn\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eGeographische Ortsbestimmung von Worlik und Drhowl&#8221; (1815). Mapa M\u00fcllerova, o kterou tu jde, byla vypracov\u00e1na zem\u011b-m\u011b\u0159i\u010dem, zemsk\u00fdm in\u017een\u00fdrem Janem Christi\u00e1nem Mullerem na rozkaz vl\u00e1dy a vyd\u00e1na r. 1720 tiskem n\u00e1kladem stav\u016f kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9ho. Polohy jej\u00edch m\u00edst nebyly stanoveny na z\u00e1klad\u011b m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00e9ho a geodetick\u00e9ho.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Davidovy cesty za t\u00edmto \u00fakolem ho vedly nejprve k hranic\u00edm \u010cech, k zm\u011b\u0159en\u00ed poloh hlavn\u00edch bod\u016f a k zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed tvaru, jak\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed obvod zem\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9. Druhou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed programu bylo zm\u011b\u0159en\u00ed poloh m\u00edst ve vnitrozem\u00ed. Zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky odvozoval z m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed korespon\u00adduj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fd\u0161ek Slunce pobl\u00ed\u017ee poledn\u00edku, zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky z po\u00adzorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kryt\u016f hv\u011bzd M\u011bs\u00edcem, hlavn\u011b v\u0161ak metodou oh\u0148ov\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00fdch\u017eto m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed organisoval s dobrovoln\u00fdmi spolu\u00adpracovn\u00edky cel\u00e9 \u0159ady. Podle t\u00e9to metody bylo v noci zap\u00e1leno vhodn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed st\u0159eln\u00e9ho prachu na m\u00edst\u011b (obvykle vrchu), je\u017e bylo sou\u010dasn\u011b viditeln\u00e9 ze v\u0161ech stanic. Okam\u017eik z\u00e1blesku vybuchnuv\u0161\u00edho prachu byl konstatov\u00e1n na v\u0161ech stanic\u00edch kyvadlo\u00adv\u00fdmi hodinami a rozd\u00edly zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch d\u00e9lek se pak odvodily z m\u00edst\u00adn\u00edch \u010das\u016f, ov\u0161em se z\u0159etelem k p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm oprav\u00e1m hodin.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na cesty vozil David v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edstroje, pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdm i meteorologick\u00fdm: sextant, koupen\u00fd z Anglie prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm barona Zacha, kyvadlov\u00e9 hodiny, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edlo pra\u017esk\u00e9ho hodin\u00e1\u0159e Simona M\u00fcllera, zhotoven\u00e9 k podn\u011btu \u0159editele Strnada tak, aby se daly snadno rozlo\u017eit a zase slo\u017eit k pohodln\u00e9mu p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017een\u00ed a u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed na cest\u00e1ch. Kdy\u017e Spole\u010dnost nauk zakoupila z Anglie roku 1793 kapesn\u00ed chronometr, u\u017e\u00edval po \u0159adu let i tohoto p\u0159\u00edstroje. Vozil na cesty ov\u0161em i tlakom\u011br a teplom\u011bry.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Cestoval obvykle v dob\u011b od kv\u011btna do konce z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, n\u011bkter\u00e9 cesty se prot\u00e1hly a\u017e do \u0159\u00edjna. O v\u0161ech t\u011bchto podnic\u00edch, o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a v\u00fd\u00adsledc\u00edch zanechal podrobn\u00e9 z\u00e1pisky v pozorovac\u00edch denic\u00edch.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Rozsah jeho pr\u00e1ce je patrn\u00fd ze seznamu cest. R. 1790 cesto\u00adval k z\u00e1padn\u00edm hranic\u00edm \u010cech a do Plzn\u011b, 1792 do okol\u00ed Karlo\u00adv\u00fdch Var\u016f a do Tepl\u00e9, 1793 do Vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho Brodu a do n\u011bkter\u00fdch ra\u00adkousk\u00fdch m\u00edst pobl\u00ed\u017e hranic \u010cech, t\u00e9ho\u017e roku je\u0161t\u011b do \u017ditenic u Litom\u011b\u0159ic, kde \u017eil jeho p\u0159\u00edtel a spolupracovn\u00edk, meteorolog a kartograf, d\u011bkan Fr. Kreybich; r. 1794 a 1796 se vypravil na Kr\u00e1\u00adlick\u00fd Sn\u011b\u017en\u00edk a k hranic\u00edm \u010cech a Moravy, 1795 do Krkono\u0161 a k severn\u00ed hranici \u010cech, 1796 do Kramol\u00edna a Marian. L\u00e1zn\u00ed; Roku 1797 se vypravil k z\u00e1padn\u00ed hranici zem\u011b (hora sv. Anny u Chebu), do Slan\u00e9ho a do Sazen\u00e9ho, \u00famrtn\u00edho m\u00edsta \u0159editele Strnada a na \u0158\u00edp; r. 1798 se vydal lod\u00ed firmy Lanna, dov\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed z \u010c. Bud\u011bjovic s\u016fl, do Litom\u011b\u0159ic a \u017ditenic; pozd\u011bji odjel do Hra\u00addi\u0161t\u011b nad S\u00e1zavou, potom do Vy\u0161. Brodu a na ji\u017en\u00ed hranici \u010cech s Rakousy, aby p\u0159ezkou\u0161el v\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed z r. 1793; roku 1799 byl ve Vrchlab\u00ed, v b\u0159eznu 1801 v Ben\u00e1tk\u00e1ch, p\u016fsobi\u0161ti Tyge Braha, v srpnu toho roku na jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed hranici \u010cech, na ho\u0159e sv. Vint\u00ed\u0159e, v Klatovech a jin\u00fdch m\u00edstech \u0160umavy (na Javoru), jako\u017e i v z\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch, 1804 v Teplic\u00edch, v kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e Oseku a v Nakl\u00e9\u0159ov\u011b. Roku 1805 organisoval oh\u0148ov\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly na Sn\u011b\u017ece a na Pet\u0159\u00edn\u011b k zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 polohy Vratislavy, 1806 v Kupferbergu a na \u0158\u00edpu, 1808 v Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 L\u00edp\u011b, 1810 v okol\u00ed Plzn\u011b, v Chot\u011b\u0161ov\u011b, v \u0160opce u M\u011bln\u00edka a v Jablonn\u00e9m. Roku 1811 trianguloval panstv\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161tera v Tepl\u00e9, 1812 m\u011b\u0159il na vrchu Radimovce a na Sv. Ho\u0159e u P\u0159\u00edbrami, aby zjistil polohu Orl\u00edka a Drhovle, tak\u00e9 na Orl\u00edku, kde byl i roku 1813 a 1814; r. 1817 m\u011b\u0159il v \u010cerven\u00e9m Hr\u00e1dku u Chomutova, 1818 v Mari\u00e1nsk\u00fdch L\u00e1zn\u00edch a v Mnicho\u00adv\u011b, 1819 v Pod\u011bbradech, v \u010cerv. Hr\u00e1dku a v Lounech, 1820 v \u010dervnu a \u010dervenci na Postlingbergu, v Linci, Solnohradu, t\u00e9ho\u017e roku v srpnu, z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a \u0159\u00edjnu na ho\u0159e sv. Anny u Chebu, 1821 ve V\u00edd\u00adni, 1822 znovu na Postlingbergu, v Linci a Solnohradu, ve Vy\u0161. Brod\u011b a v Krumlov\u011b, 1823 ve Zbenici, 1824 a 1825 v Nov\u00fdch Z\u00e1mc\u00edch, v okol\u00ed B\u011bl\u00e9 a v Housce, 1825 ve Sme\u010dn\u011b, na K\u0159ivokl\u00e1tu a v Ni\u017eboru, 1826 v B\u0159eznu a na Nov\u00fdch Hradech, 1827 znovu na Nov\u00fdch Hradech, 1828 v Teplic\u00edch, 1829 v P\u00e1tku, 1830, 1831 a 1833 v Teplic\u00edch. Nejsou zde uvedena \u010detn\u00e1 m\u00edsta, v nich\u017e David se pouze zastavil, n\u00fdbr\u017e pouze hlavn\u00ed c\u00edle jeho cest. Ka\u017ed\u00e9ho roku tr\u00e1vil \u010d\u00e1st l\u00e9ta ve sv\u00e9m kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e v Tepl\u00e9 a po n\u011bkolik let doj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bl pravideln\u011b k vinobran\u00ed na M\u011bln\u00edce, na vinici, n\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed jeho kl\u00e1\u0161\u00adteru, kterou spravoval.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na v\u0161ech t\u011bchto cest\u00e1ch konal David krom\u011b m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomic\u00adk\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed barometrem k stanoven\u00ed nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky m\u00edsta a m\u011b\u0159il t\u00e9\u017e teplotu vzduchu. M\u011b\u0159il v\u0161ak tyto prvky nejen na c\u00edlech sv\u00fdch cest, kde m\u011b\u0159il astronomicky, ale v\u0161ude tam, kde se cestou zastavil, u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho hostince, v n\u011bm\u017e p\u0159enocoval nebo kde se za\u00adstavil dostavn\u00edk, u bytu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edtele a p\u0159\u00edznivce, u n\u011bho\u017e pobyl, v ka\u017ed\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b, v n\u011bm\u017e se pozdr\u017eel z jak\u00e9hokoli d\u016fvodu.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Na t\u011bchto stanovi\u0161t\u00edch m\u011b\u0159il zm\u011bny prvk\u016f meteorologick\u00fdch tolikr\u00e1t denn\u011b, kolikr\u00e1t uznal za pot\u0159ebn\u00e9; na zast\u00e1vk\u00e1ch cestou m\u011b\u0159\u00edval obvykle t\u0159ikr\u00e1t denn\u011b, v m\u00edst\u011b, v n\u011bm\u017e se zdr\u017eel d\u00e9le ne\u017eli den a\u017e \u0161estkr\u00e1t a sedmkr\u00e1t denn\u011b. V\u017edy zapisoval sm\u011br v\u011btru a je\u00adho s\u00edlu, sr\u00e1\u017eky, bou\u0159ky a jin\u00e9 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fakazy. Cestou si v\u0161\u00edmal vlivu pov\u011btrnosti na v\u00fdvoj rostlin, zejm\u00e9na obil\u00ed a ovoce, pozoroval tahy pt\u00e1k\u016f a jin\u00e9 fenologick\u00e9 jevy. I na cesty k vinobran\u00ed do M\u011bl\u00adn\u00edka vozil tlakom\u011br a teplom\u011br a m\u011b\u0159il tu krom\u011b tlaku a teploty voln\u00e9ho vzduchu i teplotu vzduchu p\u0159i zemi. O vina\u0159stv\u00ed m\u011bl zna\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bdomosti jak je z\u0159ejm\u00e9 z \u010d\u00e1sti jeho pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 poloze M\u011bln\u00edka \u201eUeber die geographische Lage der Stadt Melnik und den dortigen Weinbau&#8221; (1814).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Den\u00edky z\u00e1znam\u016f z t\u011bchto cest se zachovaly v archivu hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny; obvykle tu je o ka\u017ed\u00e9 cest\u011b krom\u011b den\u00edku meteorologick\u00e9ho den\u00edk m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch s p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi v\u00fdpo\u010dty a se\u0161it z v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f nadmo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161ek m\u00edst, na nich\u017e David m\u011b\u0159il. Zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch poloh, zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch Davidem, pou\u017eil p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm David\u016fv spolu\u00adpracovn\u00edk P. Fr. Kreybich, d\u011bkan v \u017ditenic\u00edch u Litom\u011b\u0159ic, k se\u00adstrojen\u00ed nov\u00e9 mapy \u010cech a map jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u016f \u010cesk\u00fdch. Pr\u00e1\u00advem nazval astronom E. Buchar Davida pro tyto jeho cenn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce zakladatelem geodetick\u00e9 astronomie v \u010cech\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fdsledky Davidov\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch a geodetick\u00fdch jsou oti\u0161t\u011bny v \u0159ad\u011b asi t\u0159iceti pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed; v\u011bt\u0161ina jich vy\u0161la ve spi\u00adsech b\u00fdval\u00e9 Spole\u010dnosti nauk v Praze, n\u011bkolik jich vydal David samostatn\u011b, nepochybn\u011b n\u00e1kladem sv\u00e9ho kl\u00e1\u0161tera. V\u00fdsledky pra\u00advideln\u00fdch ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00edch astronomick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vy\u0161ly jednak tak\u00e9 ve spisech Spole\u010dnosti, jednak v \u010dasopisech zahrani\u010dn\u00edch; byly to \u201eAllgemeine geographische Ephemeriden&#8221;, vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed ve V\u00fdmaru, \u201eMonatliche Correspondenz zur Bef\u00f3rderung der Erd- und Himmels-kunde&#8221;, vyd\u00e1van\u00e1 v G\u00f3t\u011b, oba \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 Davidov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edtelem, \u0159edite\u00adlem hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny na Seebergu u G\u00f3ty, baronem Zachem, d\u00e1le v\u00edde\u0148\u00adsk\u00e1 ro\u010denka astronomick\u00e1 \u201eEphemerides Vindobonenses&#8221;, vyd\u00e1van\u00e1 v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00fdm astronomem, \u0159editelem hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny Fr. Triesneckerem, ro\u010denka J. E. Bodeho, \u201eAstronomisches Jahrbuch&#8221;, vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed v Berl\u00edn\u011b, \u201eZeitschrift f\u00fcr Astronomie und verwandte Wissenschaf\u00adten&#8221;, \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd n\u00e1stupcem Zachov\u00fdm v G\u00f3t\u011b, Bernhardem von Lin-denau a J. G. F. Bohnenbergem v Tubink\u00e1ch a ve \u0160tutgart\u011b a \u201eAstronomische Nachrichten&#8221;, vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed v Alton\u011b.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Davidova m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 nebyla vyd\u00e1na tiskem a to ani m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na cest\u00e1ch, krom\u011b jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdsledn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f, prov\u00e1\u00adzej\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159\u00edmo n\u011bkter\u00e1 astronomick\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ek, obsa\u00ad\u017een\u00e1 v p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch pojedn\u00e1n\u00edch. Av\u0161ak v p\u0159ehledech pov\u011btrnosti v \u010desk\u00fdch kraj\u00edch v letech 1817\u20141829 a 1831, zpracovan\u00fdch z po\u00adzorov\u00e1n\u00ed pozorovatel\u016f na stanic\u00edch Spole\u010dnosti vlastenecko-hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a touto spole\u010dnost\u00ed vyd\u00e1van\u00fdch tiskem, podal David, jen\u017e tuto meteorologickou slu\u017ebu organisoval, i v\u00fdsledky meteorolo\u00adgick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b. V n\u00e1zvech t\u0159\u00ed posledn\u00edch prac\u00ed z let 1828, 1829 a 1831 je to p\u0159\u00edmo vysloveno. Ro\u010dn\u00edk 1830, jen\u017e v t\u00e9to \u0159ad\u011b sch\u00e1z\u00ed, napsal adjunkt hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny Adam Bittner.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00fdsledky m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch, vykonan\u00fdch modern\u00edmi p\u0159\u00ed\u00adstroji a metodami spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, ne\u017e jak\u00fdch u\u017e\u00edval David, mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Davidovy, av\u0161ak denn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, konan\u00e1 j\u00edm a jeho spolupracovn\u00edky na Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b, maj\u00ed cenu trvalou a jsou mohutn\u00fdm kamenem v z\u00e1kladech budovy \u010desk\u00e9 meteorologie.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\">O \u017eivot\u011b a prac\u00edch Davidov\u00fdch pojedn\u00e1vaj\u00ed tyto nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce:<\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Emil Buchar: Martin Alois David, der Begriinder der geodatischen Astronomie in B\u00f6hmen. V\u011bstn\u00edk Kr\u00e1l. \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nauk. R. 1939.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\">V\u00e1clav Hlav\u00e1\u010d: Tepeln\u00e9 pom\u011bry hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta Prahy. I. d\u00edl, 1937. \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 statistika, sv. 143.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Otto Seydl: Die Geschicke eines Chronometers der Kgl. B\u00f6hmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Prag (1791\u20141864). Vydala K. \u010d. spole\u010dnost nauk r. 1935, separ\u00e1t v Publikac\u00edch Pra\u017esk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny, \u010d. 8.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Otto Seydl: Briefe F. X&#8217;s. Freiherr von Zach und seines Nachfolgers Bernhards von Lindenau von 1791\u20141816 an P. M. A. David, Adjunkt und Direktor der Kgl. Prager Sternwarte. Vy\u00addala K. \u010d. spole\u010dnost nauk r. 1938, separ\u00e1t v Publikac\u00edch Pra\u017e\u00adsk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny \u010d. 11.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Otto Seydl: Meteorologie na Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b a v \u010cech\u00e1ch v minulosti (1752\u20141839). Hanzl\u00edk\u016fv Sborn\u00edk, vydan\u00fd St\u00e1t. \u00fastavem meteorologick\u00fdm v Praze, 1952.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Otto Seydl: Soupis v\u011bdeck\u00fdch prac\u00ed P. M. A. Davida, \u0159editele Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny a \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho \u010dlena Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nauk v Praze. V\u011bstn\u00edk K. \u010d. spole\u010d. nauk. R. 1952.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Podobizna P. M. A. Davida od nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho um\u011blce, z b\u00fdval\u00e9ho musea Pra\u017esk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny, zpodob\u0148uje astronoma v jeho \u0159\u00e1dov\u00e9m rouchu. V prav\u00e9 ruce dr\u017e\u00ed sextant, jen\u017e byl jeho hlavn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstro\u00adjem p\u0159i m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00fdch poloh m\u00edst, druhou rukou se op\u00edr\u00e1 o st\u016fl, na n\u011bm\u017e le\u017e\u00ed jedna z map Kreybichov\u00fdch, sestrojen\u00fdch podle jeho \u00fadaj\u016f poloh a na n\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 kapesn\u00ed chronometr, majetek Spo\u00adle\u010dnosti nauk, jeho\u017e u\u017e\u00edval David po mnoho let p\u0159i m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.<\/em><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><em>Otto Seydl, MZ 1957\/6, ro\u010dn\u00edk 10, str. 137\u2013139<\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e9532a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e9532a2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6cc1eb5\" data-id=\"6cc1eb5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-218071a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"218071a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc981fd\" data-id=\"fc981fd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d5fd39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4d5fd39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"611\" height=\"700\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/David_seydl.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1038\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/David_seydl.jpg 611w, http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/David_seydl-262x300.jpg 262w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 611px) 100vw, 611px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0e669cf\" data-id=\"0e669cf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Martin Alois David 1757\u20131836 Martin Alois David na olejomalb\u011b Josefa Berglera (1753-1829) z roku 1810 se sextantem syst\u00e9mu Hadley od lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9 firmy Dollond. Zdroj: Repro Wikipedia (reprofoto Ji\u0159\u00ed Schierl, origin\u00e1l [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1023","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1023","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1023"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1023\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16901,"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1023\/revisions\/16901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cmes.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}